JP4593539B2 - Brake friction material - Google Patents

Brake friction material Download PDF

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JP4593539B2
JP4593539B2 JP2006236480A JP2006236480A JP4593539B2 JP 4593539 B2 JP4593539 B2 JP 4593539B2 JP 2006236480 A JP2006236480 A JP 2006236480A JP 2006236480 A JP2006236480 A JP 2006236480A JP 4593539 B2 JP4593539 B2 JP 4593539B2
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mass
friction material
fibers
wollastonite
brake
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JP2008057693A (en
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信吾 三宅
健一郎 阿部
恵介 谷口
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Hitachi Astemo Ltd
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Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd
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Description

本発明は自動車等のブレーキ摩擦材に関し、より詳しくは、剪断強度及び接着強度が高く、摩擦特性の安定性、異音の低減性、品質安定性に優れ、しかも、製造が容易なブレーキ摩擦材に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a brake friction material for automobiles and the like. More specifically, the brake friction material has high shear strength and adhesive strength, is excellent in friction characteristic stability, noise reduction, quality stability, and easy to manufacture. It is about.

従来、自動車等のブレーキ摩擦材には、補強材として、スチール繊維などの金属繊維、セラミック繊維、アラミド繊維、チタン酸カリウム繊維、あるいはチタン酸ナトリウム多結晶繊維等の天然または人造の繊維等が使用されている。
このブレーキ摩擦材は、上記の補強材の他、フェノール樹脂などの結合材、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデンなどの潤滑材、カシューダスト、セラミック粉、金属粉などの摩擦調整材、硫酸バリウムなどの充填材、及び水酸化カルシウムなどのpH調整材などを数種混合し、その後、常温にて圧縮成形(予備成形)し、次いで、予め接着剤を塗布した裏金とともに加熱圧縮成形し、さらに熱処理した後、溝加工や表面研磨を施すことにより製造されている。
Conventionally, brake friction materials for automobiles, etc., use natural or artificial fibers such as metal fibers such as steel fibers, ceramic fibers, aramid fibers, potassium titanate fibers or sodium titanate polycrystalline fibers as reinforcing materials. Has been.
In addition to the above-mentioned reinforcing material, this brake friction material includes a binder such as phenol resin, a lubricant such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide, a friction modifier such as cashew dust, ceramic powder and metal powder, and a filler such as barium sulfate. , And several kinds of pH adjusting materials such as calcium hydroxide, and then compression molding at room temperature (preliminary molding), then heat compression molding together with a backing metal previously coated with an adhesive, and further heat treatment, Manufactured by grooving or surface polishing.

このようなブレーキ摩擦材としては、既に、本発明者等により、変性無しのフェノール樹脂及び未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末を結合材とし、金属繊維、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維、セピオライト、ロックウールを含有したブレーキ摩擦材が提案されている(特許文献1)。
このブレーキ摩擦材は、摩擦材中に均一分散が容易な平均粒径が10〜20μmのチタン酸カリウム板状繊維を含んでいることから、剪断強度及び接着強度が高く、摩擦特性の安定性、異音の低減性に優れたものとなっている。
また、硬化性の良い変性無しのフェノール樹脂を含んでいることから、加熱成形の時間が短縮され、製造が容易なものとなっている。
特開2005−282738号公報
As such a brake friction material, the present inventors have already used an unmodified phenol resin and an unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder as a binder, and used metal fibers, potassium titanate plate fibers, sepiolite, rock wool. A contained brake friction material has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
This brake friction material contains potassium titanate plate-like fibers having an average particle diameter of 10 to 20 μm that can be easily uniformly dispersed in the friction material, so that the shear strength and the adhesive strength are high, the stability of the friction characteristics, It has excellent noise reduction.
In addition, since it contains a phenol resin with good curability and no modification, the time for thermoforming is shortened and the production is easy.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-282737

ところで、近年の自動車の性能の向上に伴い、ブレーキ摩擦材においても特性の向上が求められており、接着強度、摩擦特性、異音性能等に対して、さらなる特性の向上が求められている。特に、摩擦特性については、摩擦特性の変動が小さく、安定性に優れているものが求められている。
しかしながら、本発明者等が提案したチタン酸カリウム板状繊維を含むブレーキ摩擦材においても、その容積の大きさや季節における環境の変化等により成形後に内部に亀裂が生じる虞があり、場合によっては内部亀裂に起因する割れが生じる虞があり、その結果、亀裂や割れによる不良率が高くなる虞があった。
この原因は、セピオライト等の吸湿し易い材料を含んでいるために、特に湿度の高い時期では、材料の吸湿が進み、この吸湿した材料を用いて加熱成形すると、加熱成型時の温度(150℃程度)により吸湿した水分が散逸し、この水分により成形体の内部に亀裂が生じ、この亀裂が割れを引き起こすためである。
By the way, with improvement in performance of automobiles in recent years, improvement in characteristics is also required in brake friction materials, and further improvement in characteristics is required with respect to adhesive strength, friction characteristics, abnormal noise performance, and the like. In particular, the friction characteristic is required to have a small fluctuation in friction characteristic and excellent stability.
However, even in the brake friction material including the potassium titanate plate-like fibers proposed by the present inventors, there is a risk that cracks may form inside after molding due to the size of the volume or seasonal environmental changes, and in some cases There is a possibility that a crack caused by the crack may occur, and as a result, there is a possibility that the defect rate due to the crack or the crack becomes high.
This is because the material easily absorbs moisture such as sepiolite. Therefore, the moisture absorption of the material proceeds particularly in the high humidity period. This is because the moisture absorbed by the water is dissipated, and the moisture causes a crack in the molded body, which causes the crack.

本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、剪断強度及び接着強度が高く、摩擦特性の安定性、異音の低減性、品質安定性に優れ、しかも、亀裂や割れが生じる虞が無く、製造が容易なブレーキ摩擦材を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, has high shear strength and adhesive strength, is excellent in stability of friction characteristics, noise reduction, quality stability, and may cause cracks and cracks. An object of the present invention is to provide a brake friction material that is easy to manufacture.

本発明者等は、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を行った結果、吸湿性の高いセピオライトに代えて吸湿性の殆ど無いウォラストナイトを用いれば、加熱成形時においても亀裂や割れが生じる虞がなくなり、その結果、亀裂や割れによる不良率を大幅に低減することができ、製造も容易になることを見出し、さらに、このウォラストナイトの平均繊維径を5〜10μmとすることにより、剪断強度及び接着強度が高く安定したものとなることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors use cracks and cracks even during heat molding if wollastonite having almost no hygroscopic property is used instead of sepiolite having a high hygroscopic property. As a result, the defect rate due to cracks and cracks can be greatly reduced, and it is found that the production is facilitated. Further, by setting the average fiber diameter of this wollastonite to 5 to 10 μm, The present inventors have found that the shear strength and adhesive strength are high and stable, and have completed the present invention.

すなわち、本発明のブレーキ摩擦材は、少なくとも強化繊維、結合材、潤滑材、摩擦調整材、及び充填材を含有してなるブレーキ摩擦材において、前記強化繊維は、その一部に平均繊維径が5〜10μmのウォラストナイトを含有してなり、前記ブレーキ摩擦材を100質量%としたとき、ウォラストナイト10〜15質量%、変性無しのフェノール樹脂6.0〜6.6質量%及び未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末1〜2質量%を結合材とし、金属繊維12〜20質量%、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維5〜10質量%、ロックウール5〜10質量%含有してなることを特徴とする。 That is, the brake friction material of the present invention is a brake friction material containing at least a reinforcing fiber, a binder, a lubricant, a friction adjusting material, and a filler, and the reinforcing fiber has an average fiber diameter in a part thereof. Ri Na contain wollastonite 5 to 10 [mu] m, when the brake friction material is 100 mass%, wollastonite 10-15 wt%, phenolic resin 6.0 to 6.6 wt% without denaturation and 1 to 2% by mass of unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder is used as a binder, 12 to 20% by mass of metal fibers, 5 to 10% by mass of potassium titanate plate-like fibers, and 5 to 10% by mass of rock wool. Features.

前記チタン酸カリウム板状繊維の平均粒径は、10〜20μmであることが好ましい The average particle diameter of the potassium titanate shaped fiber is preferably 10 to 20 [mu] m.

本発明のブレーキ摩擦材によれば、強化繊維の一部に吸湿性の殆ど無い平均繊維径が5〜10μmのウォラストナイトを含有することとしたので、加熱成形時における亀裂や割れの発生を防止することができ、したがって、亀裂や割れによる不良率を大幅に低減することができる。また、静止摩擦係数が異常に高くなるのを防止することができ、異音の音圧、特にグー音の音圧を低減することができる。
また、ウォラストナイトの平均繊維径を5〜10μmとしたので、剪断強度及び接着強度を高く安定したものとすることができる。
According to the brake friction material of the present invention, since wollastonite having an average fiber diameter of 5 to 10 μm, which has almost no hygroscopicity, is contained in a part of the reinforcing fibers, cracks and cracks are generated at the time of thermoforming. Therefore, the defect rate due to cracks and cracks can be greatly reduced. Further, the static friction coefficient can be prevented from becoming abnormally high, and the sound pressure of abnormal noise, particularly the sound pressure of goo sound can be reduced.
Further, since the average fiber diameter of wollastonite is 5 to 10 μm, the shear strength and the adhesive strength can be made high and stable.

また、ウォラストナイトの含有量を10〜15質量%としたので、剥離を防止することができ、ブレーキ摩擦材としての信頼性を向上させることができる。
以上により、剪断強度及び接着強度が高く、摩擦特性の安定性、異音の低減性、品質安定性に優れ、しかも、亀裂や割れが生じる虞が無く、製造が容易なブレーキ摩擦材を、低コストで提供することができる。
Further, since the content of wollastonite is set to 10 to 15% by mass , peeling can be prevented and the reliability as a brake friction material can be improved.
As described above, a brake friction material that has high shear strength and adhesive strength, excellent frictional stability, excellent noise reduction and quality stability, and that is easy to manufacture without the risk of cracks and cracks. Can be provided at a cost.

本発明のブレーキ摩擦材の最良の形態について説明する。
なお、この形態は、発明の趣旨をより良く理解させるために具体的に説明するものであり、特に指定のない限り、本発明を限定するものではない。
The best mode of the brake friction material of the present invention will be described.
This embodiment is specifically described for better understanding of the gist of the invention and does not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified.

本実施形態のブレーキ摩擦材は、少なくとも強化繊維、結合材、潤滑材、摩擦調整材、及び充填材を含有したもので、この強化繊維は、その一部に平均繊維径が5〜10μmのウォラストナイトを含有している必要があり、さらに、ブレーキ摩擦材を100質量%としたときに、平均繊維径が5〜10μmのウォラストナイト10〜15質量%、変性無しのフェノール樹脂6.0〜6.6質量%及び未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末1〜2質量%により結合材を構成し、金属繊維を12〜20質量%、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維を5〜10質量%、ロックウールを5〜10質量%含有している必要がある。   The brake friction material of this embodiment contains at least a reinforcing fiber, a binder, a lubricant, a friction modifier, and a filler. This reinforcing fiber has a wobbling with an average fiber diameter of 5 to 10 μm in a part thereof. It is necessary to contain lastonite. Further, when the brake friction material is 100% by mass, wollastonite having an average fiber diameter of 5 to 10 μm is 10 to 15% by mass, phenol resin 6.0 without modification ~ 6.6 mass% and unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder 1-2 mass% constitutes a binder, 12-20 mass% metal fiber, 5-10 mass% potassium titanate plate fiber, rock wool It is necessary to contain 5-10 mass%.

上記の強化繊維としては、その一部に平均繊維径が5〜10μmのウォラストナイトを含有していることが必要であり、このウォラストナイトは、強化繊維中に均一分散していることが好ましい。
上記のチタン酸カリウム板状繊維の平均粒径は、10〜20μmが好ましい。
上記の金属繊維は、銅繊維および/またはスチール繊維が好ましい。
ここで、銅繊維および/またはスチール繊維が好ましい理由は、これらの金属繊維は、高温高湿等の環境下においても腐食し難く、展性に富み、よって、摩擦特性の安定性、品質安定性に優れているからである。
As said reinforcing fiber, it is necessary to contain the wollastonite whose average fiber diameter is 5-10 micrometers in a part, and this wollastonite should be uniformly disperse | distributed in a reinforcing fiber. preferable.
As for the average particle diameter of said potassium titanate plate-like fiber, 10-20 micrometers is preferable.
The metal fibers are preferably copper fibers and / or steel fibers.
Here, the reason why copper fibers and / or steel fibers are preferable is that these metal fibers are not easily corroded even in an environment such as high temperature and high humidity, and are excellent in malleability. It is because it is excellent in.

この金属繊維に、その他の繊維として、アラミド繊維等の有機繊維を含んでもよい。
潤滑材としては、黒鉛、コークス、三硫化アンチモン、二硫化モリブデン等が好適に用いられる。
This metal fiber may include organic fibers such as aramid fibers as other fibers.
As the lubricant, graphite, coke, antimony trisulfide, molybdenum disulfide, or the like is preferably used.

摩擦調整材としては、有機系摩擦調整材および/または無機系摩擦調整材が好適に用いられる。有機系摩擦調整材としては、カシューダスト、ゴム粉等が、無機系摩擦調整材としては、珪酸ジルコニウム、アルミナ、酸化鉄、錫等の粉末が好適に用いられる。
充填材としては、硫酸バリウム等が好適に用いられる。
このブレーキ摩擦材は、必要に応じてpH調整材等を含有してもよい。このpH調整材としては、水酸化カルシウム等が用いられる。
As the friction modifier, an organic friction modifier and / or an inorganic friction modifier is preferably used. As the organic friction modifier, cashew dust, rubber powder or the like is suitably used, and as the inorganic friction modifier, powder of zirconium silicate, alumina, iron oxide, tin or the like is suitably used.
As the filler, barium sulfate or the like is preferably used.
This brake friction material may contain a pH adjusting material or the like as necessary. As the pH adjusting material, calcium hydroxide or the like is used.

このブレーキ摩擦材においては、気孔率と呼ばれる空孔が高温時の分解生成物(ガスや液状の重合物)の逃げ道となり摩擦特性の低下防止を図るとともに、ブレーキ摩擦材の剛性を低下させ減衰性を向上させることで異音の発生を防止する。このブレーキ摩擦材では、気孔率が15〜20%になるように、材料の配合、成形条件を管理する。   In this brake friction material, pores called porosity serve as escape routes for decomposition products (gas or liquid polymer) at high temperatures, while preventing friction characteristics from being lowered and reducing the rigidity of the brake friction material. Improves noise to prevent abnormal noise. In this brake friction material, the composition and molding conditions of the material are controlled so that the porosity is 15 to 20%.

このような構成とすることにより、ウォラストナイトと、変性無しのフェノール樹脂と、未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末と、金属繊維と、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維と、ロックウールのそれぞれの全質量が最適化され、その結果、剪断強度及び接着強度が高まり、摩擦特性の変動が小さくかつ安定性に優れたものとなり、異音の防止に優れたものとなり、しかも、亀裂や割れが生じる虞が無く、製造が容易となる。   With such a configuration, the total mass of wollastonite, unmodified phenolic resin, unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder, metal fiber, potassium titanate plate fiber, and rock wool As a result, the shear strength and adhesive strength are increased, the fluctuation of friction characteristics is small and the stability is excellent, the noise is excellent, and there is no risk of cracks and cracks. Manufacturing becomes easy.

ここで、ウォラストナイトの平均繊維径を5〜10μmと限定した理由は、ウォラストナイト自体が嵩密度が低い材料であるために、その平均繊維径が10μmを越えると、ウォラストナイト自体の表面積が小さくなるために接着面積が小さくなり、その結果、接着強度が低下するからであり、一方、平均繊維径が5μm未満では、逆にウォラストナイト自体の表面積が大きくなるために摩擦材自体の密度が低下し、したがって、接着強度が低下するからである。   Here, the reason why the average fiber diameter of wollastonite is limited to 5 to 10 μm is that, since the wollastonite itself is a material having a low bulk density, if the average fiber diameter exceeds 10 μm, the wollastonite itself This is because the adhesive area is reduced because the surface area is reduced, and as a result, the adhesive strength is reduced. On the other hand, when the average fiber diameter is less than 5 μm, the surface area of the wollastonite itself is increased, and the friction material itself is increased. This is because the density of the resin is lowered, and therefore the adhesive strength is lowered.

さらに、このウォラストナイトの全質量を10〜15質量%と限定した理由は、ウォラストナイト自体が柔軟性に富みかつ嵩密度が低い材料であるために、その全質量が10質量%未満では、摩擦材自体の密度は高くなるもののウォラストナイト全体量における表面積が小さくなるために接着面積が小さくなり、また、密度が高くなるために摩擦材の気孔率も低下し、その結果、摩擦材の剛性が高くなり、異音が発生し易くなるからであり、一方、全質量が15質量%を越えると、摩擦材自体の密度が低くなり、強度が低下するからである。   Furthermore, the reason why the total mass of the wollastonite is limited to 10 to 15% by mass is that the wollastonite itself is a material having high flexibility and low bulk density, so that the total mass is less than 10% by mass. Although the density of the friction material itself is increased, the surface area in the total amount of wollastonite is reduced, so that the adhesion area is reduced, and because the density is increased, the porosity of the friction material is also reduced. This is because, when the total mass exceeds 15% by mass, the density of the friction material itself decreases and the strength decreases.

また、変性無しのフェノール樹脂の全質量を6.0〜6.6質量%と限定した理由は、全質量が6.0質量%未満では、他の材料の隙間に樹脂が充填されず、接着強度が低下するからであり、一方、全質量が6.6質量%を超えると、他の材料の隙間に樹脂が充填され、接着強度も向上するが、摩擦特性の低下、異音の発生等の不具合が生じるからである。   Further, the reason why the total mass of the phenol resin without modification is limited to 6.0 to 6.6% by mass is that when the total mass is less than 6.0% by mass, the resin is not filled in the gaps of other materials, and adhesion On the other hand, if the total mass exceeds 6.6% by mass, the resin is filled in the gaps of other materials and the adhesive strength is improved, but the friction characteristics are reduced, the generation of abnormal noise, etc. This is because of the above problems.

未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末の全質量を1〜2質量%と限定した理由は、全質量が1質量%未満では、ゴム振動減衰性が不足して異音が発生する可能性があるからであり、一方、全質量が2質量%を超えると、フェード試験での高温時に分解生成物(ガスまたは液状物質)による摩擦係数の低下が生じるからである。   The reason why the total mass of the unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder is limited to 1 to 2% by mass is that if the total mass is less than 1% by mass, the rubber vibration attenuating property may be insufficient and noise may be generated. On the other hand, if the total mass exceeds 2% by mass, the coefficient of friction decreases due to decomposition products (gas or liquid substance) at a high temperature in the fade test.

金属繊維の全質量を12〜20質量%と限定した理由は、全質量が12質量%未満では、金属繊維による摩擦係数の向上が不足して効力試験時の摩擦係数が低くなるからであり、一方、全質量が20質量%を超えると、金属繊維により摩擦材の強度が強くなり過ぎてしまい、その結果、接着面積が低下するからであり、また、ロータとの金属間の摩擦のため、摩擦振動が大きくなり、異音が発生し易くなるからである。   The reason why the total mass of the metal fibers is limited to 12 to 20% by mass is that when the total mass is less than 12% by mass, the friction coefficient during the efficacy test is lowered due to insufficient improvement of the friction coefficient by the metal fibers, On the other hand, if the total mass exceeds 20% by mass, the strength of the friction material becomes too strong due to the metal fibers, and as a result, the adhesion area decreases, and because of the friction between the metal and the rotor, This is because frictional vibration increases and abnormal noise is likely to occur.

チタン酸カリウム板状繊維の平均粒径を10〜20μmと限定した理由は、平均粒径が10μm未満では、粒径に比べて表面積が大きくなるために、表面活性が高くなり、したがって、粒子同士が凝集し易くなるために均一分散が難しくなり、その結果、組成に偏りが生じ、摩擦特性の低下という不具合が生じる虞があるからであり、一方、平均粒径が20μmを越えると、逆に表面積が小さくなり、結合材を構成するフェノール樹脂がチタン酸カリウム板状繊維以外の材料の間に充填されることとなり、気孔率の低下による摩擦特性の低下、異音の発生等の不具合が生じる虞があるからである。   The reason why the average particle diameter of the potassium titanate plate-like fibers is limited to 10 to 20 μm is that when the average particle diameter is less than 10 μm, the surface activity is increased because the surface area is larger than the particle diameter. This is because it is difficult to uniformly disperse due to the tendency to agglomerate, and as a result, there is a risk that the composition may be biased and the frictional characteristics may be deteriorated. On the other hand, if the average particle size exceeds 20 μm, conversely The surface area is reduced, and the phenol resin that constitutes the binder is filled between materials other than the potassium titanate plate-like fibers, resulting in problems such as reduced frictional characteristics and abnormal noise due to reduced porosity. This is because there is a fear.

さらに、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維の全質量を5〜10質量%と限定した理由は、全質量が5質量%未満では、異音が発生するという不具合があり、また、全質量が10質量%を超えると、強度が低下するという不具合が生じるからである。   Furthermore, the reason that the total mass of the potassium titanate plate-like fibers is limited to 5 to 10 mass% is that there is a problem that abnormal noise occurs when the total mass is less than 5 mass%, and the total mass is 10 mass%. It is because the malfunction will arise that strength will fall if it exceeds.

ロックウールの全質量を5〜10質量%と限定した理由は、ロックウールも、ウォラストナイトよりは劣るものの嵩密度が低く、また、硬質で摩擦係数を向上させる特性を有するために、全質量が5質量%未満では、摩擦材の気孔率が低下し、フェード時に摩擦係数が低下し異音が発生するからであり、全質量が10質量%を超えると、摩擦振動により異音が発生し易くなるからである。   The reason why the total mass of rock wool is limited to 5 to 10% by mass is that rock wool is inferior to wollastonite but has a low bulk density and is hard and has a property of improving the coefficient of friction. Is less than 5% by mass, the porosity of the friction material is reduced, and the friction coefficient is reduced during fading, and noise is generated. When the total mass exceeds 10% by mass, noise is generated due to frictional vibration. It is because it becomes easy.

以下、実施例及び比較例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。
「実施例1〜12」
実施例1〜12のプレーキパッド(ブレーキ摩擦材)を作製した。
まず、溶剤を用いて裏金を充分に洗浄し、この裏金にショットブラストまたはリン酸処理等の化成処理を施した後、摩擦材と接する面に接着剤を塗布し乾燥した。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention concretely, this invention is not limited by these Examples.
"Examples 1-12"
The brake pads (brake friction materials) of Examples 1 to 12 were produced.
First, the backing metal was sufficiently washed with a solvent, and after chemical treatment such as shot blasting or phosphoric acid treatment was applied to the backing metal, an adhesive was applied to the surface in contact with the friction material and dried.

また、ストレート系フェノール樹脂(変性無しのフェノール樹脂)、未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末、銅繊維及びスチール繊維、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維、平均繊維径が6.5μmのウォラストナイト、ロックウール、アラミド繊維(その他の強化繊維)、潤滑材(黒鉛、コークス等)、有機系摩擦調整剤(カシューダスト、加硫済のゴム粉末等)、無機系摩擦調整剤(酸化鉄、錫、珪酸ジルコニウム等の粉末)、充填材として硫酸バリウム、pH調整材として水酸化カルシウムを、所定量秤量し、混合した。
実施例1〜12それぞれの配合量(質量%)を表1に示す。
In addition, straight phenol resin (unmodified phenol resin), unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder, copper fiber and steel fiber, potassium titanate plate fiber, wollastonite with an average fiber diameter of 6.5 μm, rock wool, Aramid fibers (other reinforcing fibers), lubricants (graphite, coke, etc.), organic friction modifiers (cashew dust, vulcanized rubber powder, etc.), inorganic friction modifiers (iron oxide, tin, zirconium silicate, etc.) ), Barium sulfate as a filler, and calcium hydroxide as a pH adjuster were weighed and mixed in predetermined amounts.
Table 1 shows the amount (% by mass) of each of Examples 1 to 12.

Figure 0004593539
Figure 0004593539

その後、この混合物を所定の金型を用いて、50MPaの圧力かつ常温(25℃)にて冷間圧縮成形した。
次いで、この冷間圧縮成形品と上記の接着剤を塗布した裏金を、150℃に加熱した金型内にセットし、この温度にて40MPaの圧力で250秒加熱圧縮成形した。
次いで、この成型品を220℃にて6時間熱処理し、さらに、研磨加工、溝加工を施し、実施例1〜12のプレーキパッドとした。
Thereafter, this mixture was cold compression-molded at a pressure of 50 MPa and normal temperature (25 ° C.) using a predetermined mold.
Next, this cold compression molded product and the back metal coated with the above-mentioned adhesive were set in a mold heated to 150 ° C. and subjected to heat compression molding at this temperature at a pressure of 40 MPa for 250 seconds.
Subsequently, this molded product was heat-treated at 220 ° C. for 6 hours, and further subjected to polishing and grooving to obtain the brake pads of Examples 1 to 12.

「比較例1〜13」
ストレート系フェノール樹脂をゴム変性フェノール樹脂に替えたものを比較例1、フェノール樹脂の全質量が本発明より少ないものを比較例2、フェノール樹脂の全質量が本発明より多いものを比較例3、未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末の全質量が本発明より少ないものを比較例4、未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末の全質量が本発明より多いものを比較例5、銅繊維及びスチール繊維の全質量が本発明より少ないものを比較例6、銅繊維及びスチール繊維の全質量が本発明より多いものを比較例7、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維の全質量が本発明より少ないものを比較例8、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維の全質量が本発明より多いものを比較例9、ウォラストナイトの全質量が本発明より少ないものを比較例10、ウォラストナイトの全質量が本発明より多いものを比較例11、ロックウールの全質量が本発明より少ないものを比較例12、ロックウールの全質量が本発明より多いものを比較例13とし、上記実施例1〜12と全く同様にして比較例1〜13のプレーキパッド(ブレーキ摩擦材)を作製した。
比較例1〜13それぞれの配合量(質量%)を表2に示す。
"Comparative Examples 1-13"
Comparative Example 1 in which the straight phenol resin was replaced with a rubber-modified phenol resin, Comparative Example 2 in which the total mass of the phenol resin was less than that of the present invention, Comparative Example 3 in which the total mass of the phenol resin was greater than that of the present invention, Comparative Example 4 in which the total mass of unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder is less than that of the present invention, Comparative Example 5 in which the total mass of unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder is greater than that of the present invention, Comparative Example 5, total mass of copper fibers and steel fibers Is less than the present invention in Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 7 in which the total mass of copper fibers and steel fibers is greater than in the present invention, Comparative Example 8 in which the total mass of the potassium titanate plate-like fibers is less than in the present invention, Comparative Example 9 in which the total mass of the potassium titanate plate-like fibers is greater than that of the present invention, Comparative Example 10 in which the total mass of wollastonite is less than that of the present invention, and the total mass of wollastonite from the present invention. Comparative Example 11 with the total mass of rock wool less than that of the present invention as Comparative Example 12, Comparative Example 13 with the total mass of rock wool greater than that of the present invention, and exactly the same as Examples 1-12 above. Thus, the brake pads (brake friction materials) of Comparative Examples 1 to 13 were produced.
Table 2 shows the blending amounts (mass%) of Comparative Examples 1 to 13.

Figure 0004593539
Figure 0004593539

このようにして作製された実施例1〜12及び比較例1〜13のプレーキパッドについて、剪断強度、接着強度、摩擦特性、実車による鳴き・異音発生頻度をそれぞれ測定した。
剪断強度は、日本工業規格JIS D 4422「自動車用ブレーキシューアッセンブリ及びディスクブレーキパッドの接着強度試験方法」に基づき、剪断強度を測定した。
接着強度は、日本工業規格JIS D 4422「自動車用ブレーキシューアッセンブリ及びディスクブレーキパッドの接着強度試験方法」に基づき、接着強度試験を行い、試験後の母材の接着面積(%)を求めた。
The thus obtained brake pads of Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 13 were each measured for shear strength, adhesive strength, friction characteristics, and frequency of occurrence of squeal and abnormal noise caused by an actual vehicle.
The shear strength was measured based on Japanese Industrial Standard JIS D 4422 “Testing method for adhesion strength of brake shoe assembly and disc brake pad for automobile”.
The adhesive strength was determined by performing an adhesive strength test based on Japanese Industrial Standard JIS D 4422 “Testing Method for Adhesive Strength of Brake Shoe Assemblies and Disc Brake Pads for Automobiles” to determine the adhesive area (%) of the base material after the test.

摩擦特性は、第2効力試験及び第1フェードリカバリ試験の2項目について、自動車技術会規格JASO C 406「乗用車−ブレーキ装置−ダイナモメータ試験方法」に基づき測定した。
鳴き・異音発生頻度は、ブレーキパッドの温度を所定温度範囲とし、ディスクブレーキキャリパへの供給液圧を所定範囲としたときの、それぞれの組み合わせで所定回数、ダイナモメータにより制動試験を行い、このときに発生する音の大きさのレベルが一定値以上となったときの回数を計数して、その割合を算出した。
実施例1〜12の測定結果を表3に、比較例1〜13の測定結果を表4に、それぞれ示す。
The friction characteristics were measured based on the Japan Society of Automotive Engineers standard JASO C 406 “Passenger car-brake device-dynamometer test method” for the second efficacy test and the first fade recovery test.
The frequency of squeal and abnormal noise is determined by performing a braking test with a dynamometer a predetermined number of times for each combination when the brake pad temperature is within the predetermined temperature range and the hydraulic pressure supplied to the disc brake caliper is within the predetermined range. The number of times when the level of the loudness of the sound that occurred occasionally exceeded a certain value was counted, and the ratio was calculated.
The measurement results of Examples 1 to 12 are shown in Table 3, and the measurement results of Comparative Examples 1 to 13 are shown in Table 4, respectively.

Figure 0004593539
Figure 0004593539

Figure 0004593539
Figure 0004593539

表3、4によれば、実施例1〜12は、比較例1〜13に比べて剪断強度及び接着強度が高く、摩擦特性の変動が小さく安定性に優れ、異音の防止に優れていることが確認された。
また、実施例1〜12は、従来の製造方法をそのまま適用することができるので、製造に格別困難性はなく、製造が容易であることが確認された。
According to Tables 3 and 4, Examples 1 to 12 have higher shear strength and adhesive strength than Comparative Examples 1 to 13, have small fluctuations in friction characteristics, excellent stability, and excellent noise prevention. It was confirmed.
Moreover, since Examples 1-12 can apply the conventional manufacturing method as it is, it was confirmed that there is no special difficulty in manufacture and manufacture is easy.

さらに、ウォラストナイトについては、平均繊維径を3μmから25μmの範囲で変化させたものそれぞれの試料について、上記実施例1と全く同様にしてプレーキパッド(ブレーキ摩擦材)を作製し、接着強度を測定した。
図1は、ウォラストナイトの平均繊維径と母材の接着面積(%)との関係を示す図である。
Further, for wollastonite, a brake pad (brake friction material) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 for each sample in which the average fiber diameter was changed in the range of 3 μm to 25 μm. It was measured.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the average fiber diameter of wollastonite and the bonding area (%) of the base material.

この図1によれば、ウォラストナイトの平均繊維径が5μmから10μmの範囲にあれば、接着強度試験後の母材の接着面積がほぼ100%となり、接着強度に優れていることが確認され、品質安定性に優れていることが分かった。
以上により、剪断強度、接着強度、摩擦特性、異音の防止等、品質の安定性に優れ、しかも、亀裂や割れ等の不具合が生じる虞の無いブレーキパッドを、低コストで容易に提供することが可能になった。
According to FIG. 1, when the average fiber diameter of wollastonite is in the range of 5 μm to 10 μm, the adhesion area of the base material after the adhesion strength test is almost 100%, and it is confirmed that the adhesion strength is excellent. It was found that the quality was excellent.
As described above, a brake pad that has excellent quality stability such as shear strength, adhesive strength, friction characteristics, and prevention of abnormal noise, and that is free from defects such as cracks and cracks can be easily provided at low cost. Became possible.

本発明は、吸湿性の高いセピオライトに代えて吸湿性の殆ど無いウォラストナイトを用い、さらに、このウォラストナイトの平均繊維径を5〜10μm、その含有量を10〜15質量%とすることにより、剪断強度、接着強度、摩擦特性、異音の防止、亀裂や割れ等の不具合の防止を図ることにより、品質安定性を改善したものであるから、自動車はもちろんのこと、ブレーキ機構を有する動力機械等へも適用可能であり、その工業的意義は極めて大である。   The present invention uses wollastonite having almost no hygroscopicity instead of sepiolite having high hygroscopicity, and further, the average fiber diameter of this wollastonite is 5 to 10 μm and the content thereof is 10 to 15% by mass. Has improved the stability of the quality by preventing shearing, adhesive strength, friction characteristics, noise, and cracks and cracks, so it has a brake mechanism as well as an automobile. It can be applied to power machines and the like, and its industrial significance is extremely large.

ウォラストナイトの平均繊維径と接着面積との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the average fiber diameter of a wollastonite, and an adhesion area.

Claims (2)

少なくとも強化繊維、結合材、潤滑材、摩擦調整材、及び充填材を含有してなるブレーキ摩擦材において、
前記強化繊維は、その一部に平均繊維径が5〜10μmのウォラストナイトを含有してなり、
前記ブレーキ摩擦材を100質量%としたとき、
ウォラストナイト10〜15質量%、変性無しのフェノール樹脂6.0〜6.6質量%及び未加硫のニトリルゴム粉末1〜2質量%を結合材とし、
金属繊維12〜20質量%、チタン酸カリウム板状繊維5〜10質量%、ロックウール5〜10質量%含有してなることを特徴とするブレーキ摩擦材。
In a brake friction material containing at least a reinforcing fiber, a binder, a lubricant, a friction modifier, and a filler,
The reinforcing fibers, Ri Na in an average fiber diameter containing wollastonite 5~10μm part thereof,
When the brake friction material is 100% by mass,
10 to 15% by weight of wollastonite, 6.0 to 6.6% by weight of unmodified phenol resin and 1 to 2% by weight of unvulcanized nitrile rubber powder are used as a binder,
A brake friction material comprising 12 to 20% by mass of metal fibers, 5 to 10% by mass of potassium titanate plate-like fibers, and 5 to 10% by mass of rock wool .
前記チタン酸カリウム板状繊維の平均粒径は、10〜20μmであることを特徴とする請求項1記載のブレーキ摩擦材。 The brake friction material according to claim 1, wherein an average particle diameter of the potassium titanate plate fiber is 10 to 20 µm.
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