JP4560452B2 - Blood separation tool and blood separation method - Google Patents

Blood separation tool and blood separation method Download PDF

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JP4560452B2
JP4560452B2 JP2005213327A JP2005213327A JP4560452B2 JP 4560452 B2 JP4560452 B2 JP 4560452B2 JP 2005213327 A JP2005213327 A JP 2005213327A JP 2005213327 A JP2005213327 A JP 2005213327A JP 4560452 B2 JP4560452 B2 JP 4560452B2
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典子 宮口
隆 多羅尾
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Japan Vilene Co Ltd
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本発明は血液分離用具及び血液の分離方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a blood separation tool and a blood separation method.

従来から各種疾患の診断等のために生化学検査が広く行われている。この生化学検査においては、赤血球等の血球による影響を排除するために、血液から血漿又は血清を分離している。このように血液から血漿又は血清を分離する方法として、血液を凝固させた後に遠心分離する方法、分離材により分離する方法などが知られている。これらの中でも分離材により分離する方法によれば、時間がかからず、簡易に行なうことができるため、医療施設内における生化学検査以外に、遠隔臨床検査システムにおいても使用することができる。この遠隔臨床検査システムは、自宅で患者自らが採血し、採血した血液を血液分離用具の分離材に置き、分離材によって濾過された血漿又は血清を医療施設へ送付し、検査を行なうシステムである。   Conventionally, biochemical tests have been widely performed for diagnosis of various diseases. In this biochemical test, plasma or serum is separated from blood in order to eliminate the influence of blood cells such as red blood cells. As a method for separating plasma or serum from blood in this way, a method of centrifuging blood after coagulation, a method of separating with a separating material, and the like are known. Among these, the method of separating with a separating material does not take much time and can be performed easily, so that it can be used in a remote clinical examination system in addition to a biochemical examination in a medical facility. This remote clinical test system is a system in which a patient collects blood at home, puts the collected blood on a separation material of a blood separation tool, sends plasma or serum filtered by the separation material to a medical facility, and performs a test. .

このような血液分離用具は、血漿又は血清のみを濾過する分離材(血球分離材)と、分離材により濾過分離された血漿又は血清を保持する保持材とを備えている。このような血液検査用用具における分離材として非繊維質微多孔性膜や繊維質微多孔性膜(ガラスフィルター等)などを使用し、保持材としてろ紙や多孔質フィルムなどを使用するのが一般的であった(特許文献1)。   Such a blood separation device includes a separation material (blood cell separation material) for filtering only plasma or serum, and a holding material for retaining plasma or serum filtered and separated by the separation material. In general, non-fibrous microporous membranes or fibrous microporous membranes (glass filters, etc.) are used as separation materials in such blood test tools, and filter paper or porous films are used as holding materials. (Patent Document 1).

特開2000−249699号公報(段落番号0014、0015、実施例1など)JP 2000-249699 A (paragraph numbers 0014, 0015, Example 1 etc.)

しかしながら、このような血液分離用具においては、高ヘマトクリット値の血液を分離材に置くと、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあり、正確な検査ができない場合があった。また、保持材として吸収力の高いものを使用した場合にも同様に、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあり、正確な検査ができない場合があった。   However, in such a blood separation device, when blood with a high hematocrit value is placed on the separation material, there are cases where hemolysis and blood cell leakage are present in the plasma, and accurate examination may not be possible. Similarly, when a material having high absorbability is used as the holding material, there are cases in which there is hemolysis or blood cell leakage in the plasma, and accurate examination may not be possible.

本発明は上述のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、広範囲のヘマトクリット値の血液に対応でき、また、どのような保持材であっても、溶血や血球もれを生じることなく、正確な検査をすることができる血液分離用具、及び血液の分離方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, can cope with a wide range of hematocrit blood, and does not cause hemolysis or blood cell leakage with any holding material, An object of the present invention is to provide a blood separation tool and a blood separation method capable of performing an accurate test.

本発明の請求項1にかかる発明は、「血液を透過させず、血液を保持できる血液受容部を備えた血液受容材と、血液から血球を分離できる血球分離材と、血漿又は血清を保持できる、平均繊維径が2μm以下、かつ全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径が5μm以下の極細繊維集合体からなる血漿又は血清保持材とを備えており、使用時に前記血液受容材の血液受容部と血球分離材とが対向して隣接可能、かつ前記血球分離材と血漿又は血清保持材とが接触可能であることを特徴とする血液分離用具。」である。
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is described as follows: “A blood receiving material having a blood receiving portion that can hold blood without allowing blood to permeate, a blood cell separating material that can separate blood cells from blood, and plasma or serum can be held. And a plasma or serum holding material composed of an ultrafine fiber assembly having an average fiber diameter of 2 μm or less and a pore diameter of 95 μm or less that occupies 95% of the volume of all the pores . A blood separating device characterized in that the blood receiving part and the blood cell separating material can face each other and can be adjacent to each other, and the blood cell separating material and the plasma or the serum holding material can be in contact with each other.

本発明の請求項2にかかる発明は、「血球分離材の一方の面における平均孔径と他方の面における平均孔径とが異なり、血球分離材の平均孔径のより大きい面が血液受容材の血液受容部と対向して隣接可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の血液分離用具。」である。   The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is such that “the average pore diameter on one surface of the blood cell separator is different from the average pore diameter on the other surface, and the surface having the larger average pore diameter of the blood cell separator is The blood separation device according to claim 1, wherein the blood separation device can be adjacent to the portion.

本発明の請求項3にかかる発明は、「血漿又は血清保持材が、静電紡糸法により製造された極細繊維集合体からなることを特徴とする、請求項1〜請求項2のいずれか1項に記載の血液分離用具。」である。
The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, "plasma or serum holding material, characterized by comprising the ultrafine fibrous aggregate prepared by an electrostatic spinning method, any of claims 1 to 2 1 The blood separation device according to item.

本発明の請求項4にかかる発明は、「請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の血液分離用具の血液受容部に、採取した血液を置いた後、血液受容部と血球分離材とを対向して隣接させるとともに、血球分離材と血漿又は血清保持材とを接触させることを特徴とする、血液の分離方法。」である。
The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is as follows: "After the collected blood is placed in the blood receiving part of the blood separating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , the blood receiving part is separated from the blood cell. A blood separation method characterized in that the blood cell separating material and the plasma or serum retaining material are brought into contact with each other while the material is opposed and adjacent to each other.

本発明の請求項1にかかる血液分離用具は、血液受容部が血液を透過させず、血液を保持できるため、血液受容部に採取した血液を置いた後に、血液受容部と血球分離材とを対向して隣接させることにより、血液受容部の血液が血球分離材によって吸い上げられるとともに、血漿又は血清のみが濾過分離される。そして、血球分離材によって濾過分離された血漿又は血清は血球分離材に接触した血漿又は血清保持材によって保持される。このような血液分離用具にあっては、血液を吸い上げることによって濾過分離することになるが、血球の比重が高く血漿又は血清の比重が低いことから、血漿又は血清を吸い上げやすいことに起因するのか、溶血や血球もれを生じることなく、正確な検査をすることができることを見出した。
更に、本発明の請求項1にかかる血液分離用具は、平均繊維径が2μm以下、かつ全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径が5μm以下の極細繊維集合体からなることで、孔径が揃っており、かつ孔径の小さい血漿又は血清保持材であるため、血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性に優れており、結果として採取率の高いものである。そのため、1〜2滴の少量の血液で検査することができ、患者の苦痛を和らげることができる。
In the blood separation device according to claim 1 of the present invention, since the blood receiving part does not permeate the blood and can hold the blood, the blood receiving part and the blood cell separator are placed after the collected blood is placed in the blood receiving part. By facing and adjoining, blood in the blood receiving part is sucked up by the blood cell separator, and only plasma or serum is filtered and separated. The plasma or serum filtered and separated by the blood cell separation material is held by the plasma or serum holding material in contact with the blood cell separation material. In such a blood separation device, it is filtered and separated by sucking up blood, but because of the high specific gravity of blood cells and low specific gravity of plasma or serum, is it due to the fact that it is easy to suck up plasma or serum? It was found that an accurate examination can be performed without causing hemolysis or blood cell leakage.
Furthermore, the blood separation device according to claim 1 of the present invention is composed of an ultrafine fiber aggregate having an average fiber diameter of 2 μm or less and a hole diameter occupying 95% of the volume of all pores of 5 μm or less. Since the plasma or serum retaining material has a small pore size, the plasma or serum absorbability and retention are excellent, and as a result, the collection rate is high. Therefore, it can test | inspect with a small amount of blood of 1-2 drops, and can relieve a patient's pain.

本発明の請求項2にかかる血液分離用具は、血球分離材の平均孔径のより大きい面が血液受容部と対向して隣接できるため、血液を速やかに吸収できるとともに、吸い上げられるにしたがって孔径が小さくなるため、効果的に血漿又は血清を濾過分離することができる。   In the blood separation device according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the surface having a larger average pore diameter of the blood cell separator can be adjacent to the blood receiving portion, the blood can be rapidly absorbed and the pore diameter becomes smaller as it is sucked up. Therefore, plasma or serum can be effectively separated by filtration.

本発明の請求項3にかかる血液分離用具は、静電紡糸法により孔径が揃っており、かつ孔径の小さい血漿又は血清の保持材を製造できるため、血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性に優れている。また、通常、溶融紡糸法では作製できない、血漿又は血清との馴染みの良い樹脂であっても、静電紡糸法によれば血漿又は血清の保持材を製造できるため、血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性に優れていることができる。更には、静電紡糸法により製造した血漿又は血清の保持材は繊維間の接着が緩やかで、血漿又は血清を保持材が吸収した際に膨らみやすいため、吸収時に血球分離材との密着性が高まり、更に吸収性が良くなる。
The blood separation device according to claim 3 of the present invention is excellent in absorbability and retention of plasma or serum because the pore diameter is uniform by the electrospinning method and a plasma or serum retaining material having a small pore diameter can be produced. ing. In addition, even if the resin is familiar with plasma or serum and cannot be produced by melt spinning, plasma or serum retaining material can be produced by the electrospinning method. It can be excellent in retention. Furthermore, the plasma or serum holding material produced by the electrospinning method has a loose adhesion between the fibers, and is easy to swell when the holding material absorbs plasma or serum. It increases and absorbs better.

本発明の請求項4にかかる血液の分離方法は、上記の血液分離用具を使用し、血液を吸い上げることによって血漿又は血清を濾過分離する方法であるため、溶血や血球もれを生じることなく、正確な検査をすることができる。
The method for separating blood according to claim 4 of the present invention is a method for filtering and separating plasma or serum by sucking up blood using the blood separating tool, without causing hemolysis or blood cell leakage, Accurate inspection is possible.

本発明の血液分離用具について、血液分離用具使用前の模式的斜視図である図1、図1におけるI−I線切断面図である図2、及び血液分離用具の使用方法を説明する模式的断面図である図3〜図6をもとに説明する。   FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the blood separation device of the present invention before using the blood separation device, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 1, and a schematic diagram illustrating a method of using the blood separation device. This will be described with reference to FIGS.

図1及び図2に示すように、本発明の血液分離用具1は血液を透過させず、血液を保持できる血液受容部13を備えた血液受容材10と、血液から血球を分離できる血球分離材20と、血漿又は血清を保持できる血漿又は血清保持材30とを備えている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the blood separation device 1 of the present invention has a blood receiving material 10 having a blood receiving portion 13 that does not allow blood to pass through and can hold blood, and a blood cell separating material that can separate blood cells from blood. 20 and a plasma or serum holding material 30 capable of holding plasma or serum.

図1及び図2の血液分離用具1においては、血液受容材10は段差を有するものの上面から下面へ貫通する中空孔を有する円筒状の外枠12と、前記段差に載置されたフィルム11からなる。このフィルム11とそれを取り囲む外枠12の内壁面が血液受容部13を構成する。なお、このフィルム11の外径は外枠12の径の大きい内径とほぼ同じであるため、血液受容部13に血液を置いたとしても、血液を透過させることなく、血液を保持することができる。   In the blood separation device 1 of FIGS. 1 and 2, the blood receiving material 10 has a step, but a cylindrical outer frame 12 having a hollow hole penetrating from the upper surface to the lower surface, and a film 11 placed on the step. Become. The film 11 and the inner wall surface of the outer frame 12 surrounding the film 11 constitute a blood receiving portion 13. Since the outer diameter of the film 11 is substantially the same as the larger inner diameter of the outer frame 12, even when blood is placed on the blood receiving portion 13, the blood can be retained without allowing blood to permeate. .

血球分離材20は上面から下面へ貫通する中空孔を有するたて方向断面T字状の支持体21の下面側に固定された状態にある。なお、前記支持体21は下面の直径が前記外枠12の径の大きい内径よりもやや小さく、しかも前記外枠12の上面から段差までの距離よりもやや短い高さをもつ円筒状突起部21aと、前記円筒状突起部の上面側端部から外側に伸び、外径が前記外枠12の外径とほぼ一致するつば部21bとから構成されている。そのため、使用時に支持体21の円筒状突起部21aを前記外枠12の中空孔に挿入することによって、血液受容部13と血球分離材20とが向かい合って隣接することができる。   The blood cell separator 20 is in a state of being fixed to the lower surface side of the vertical support T-shaped support body 21 having a hollow hole penetrating from the upper surface to the lower surface. The support 21 has a cylindrical protrusion 21a having a lower surface diameter slightly smaller than the larger inner diameter of the outer frame 12 and a height slightly shorter than the distance from the upper surface of the outer frame 12 to the step. And a flange portion 21b that extends outward from the upper surface side end portion of the cylindrical projection and has an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer frame 12. Therefore, by inserting the cylindrical protrusion 21a of the support 21 into the hollow hole of the outer frame 12 during use, the blood receiving portion 13 and the blood cell separator 20 can face each other and be adjacent to each other.

血漿又は血清保持材30は断面T字状の保持体31の下面側に固定された状態にある。この保持体31は下面の直径が前記支持体21の内径よりもやや小さく、しかも前記支持体21の上面から血液分離材20までの距離とほぼ同じ高さをもつ円筒状突起部31aと、前記円筒状突起部31aの上面側端部から外側に伸び、外径が前記外枠12の外径とほぼ一致するつば部31bとから構成されている。そのため、使用時に保持体31の円筒状突起部31aを前記支持体21の中空孔に挿入することによって、血球分離材20と血漿又は血清保持材30とが接触することができる。   The plasma or serum holding material 30 is fixed to the lower surface side of the holding body 31 having a T-shaped cross section. The holding body 31 has a cylindrical protrusion 31a having a lower surface diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the support body 21 and a height substantially the same as the distance from the upper surface of the support body 21 to the blood separating material 20, and The cylindrical protrusion 31a is formed of a flange portion 31b that extends outward from the upper surface side end portion and has an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer frame 12. Therefore, by inserting the cylindrical protrusion 31a of the holding body 31 into the hollow hole of the support body 21 in use, the blood cell separation material 20 and the plasma or serum holding material 30 can come into contact with each other.

このような血液分離用具1を用いて血液を分離する場合、まず、血液受容材10の血液受容部13に採取した血液を置く(図3)。次いで、血球分離材20を支持する支持体21の下面側を血液受容材10を構成する外枠12の中空孔に挿入することによって、血液受容部13と血球分離材20とを対向して隣接させ、血液受容部13の血液を血球分離材20によって吸い上げるとともに、血漿又は血清のみを濾過分離する(図4)。次いで、保持体31の下面側を支持体21の中空孔に挿入することによって、血球分離材20と血漿又は血清保持材30とを接触させ、血漿又は血清保持材30によって血漿又は血清を保持する(図5)。そして、保持体31及び血漿又は血清保持材30を支持体21の中空孔から取り出し、乾燥する(図6)。   When blood is separated using such a blood separation tool 1, first, the collected blood is placed in the blood receiving portion 13 of the blood receiving material 10 (FIG. 3). Next, the lower surface side of the support 21 that supports the blood cell separating material 20 is inserted into the hollow hole of the outer frame 12 constituting the blood receiving material 10, so that the blood receiving portion 13 and the blood cell separating material 20 are opposed to each other. The blood in the blood receiving unit 13 is sucked up by the blood cell separator 20 and only plasma or serum is filtered and separated (FIG. 4). Next, the blood cell separation material 20 and the plasma or serum holding material 30 are brought into contact with each other by inserting the lower surface side of the holding body 31 into the hollow hole of the support body 21, and the plasma or serum holding material 30 holds the plasma or serum. (FIG. 5). Then, the holding body 31 and the plasma or serum holding material 30 are taken out from the hollow holes of the support body 21 and dried (FIG. 6).

本発明の血液分離用具1は上記のような構造からなり、上記のようにして血液受容部13の血液を重力に逆らって、血球分離材20によって吸い上げているため、血球の比重が高く血漿又は血清の比重が血球より低いことから、高ヘマトクリット値の血液や、血漿又は血清保持材30が吸収力の高い場合であっても、血漿中に溶血や血球もれを生じることなく、正確な検査をすることができる。なお、上述の血液分離用具1においては、血液受容部13の一部としてフィルム11を使用し、フィルム11を載置しただけで固定していないため、血球分離材20の支持体21を挿入し、血液を吸い上げるにしたがって、フィルム11が浮上する。そのため、血球分離材20とフィルム11とが一定間隔を保ち、血球分離材20の全面を使って血漿又は血清を均一に濾過分離することができる。   The blood separating device 1 of the present invention has the above-described structure, and the blood in the blood receiving portion 13 is sucked up by the blood cell separating material 20 against the gravity as described above. Since the specific gravity of serum is lower than that of blood cells, even if the blood has a high hematocrit value or the plasma or the serum retaining material 30 has high absorbability, accurate examination without causing hemolysis or blood cell leakage in the plasma Can do. In the blood separating tool 1 described above, since the film 11 is used as a part of the blood receiving portion 13 and the film 11 is merely placed and not fixed, the support 21 for the blood cell separating material 20 is inserted. As the blood is sucked up, the film 11 rises. Therefore, the blood cell separation material 20 and the film 11 are kept at a constant interval, and plasma or serum can be filtered and separated uniformly using the entire surface of the blood cell separation material 20.

このような本発明の血液分離用具1は、例えば、外枠12、フィルム11、支持体21、血球分離材20、保持体31、及び血漿又は血清保持材30をそれぞれ準備した後、外枠12の段差にフィルム11を載置し、支持体21に血球分離材を固定し、保持体31に血漿又は血清保持材30を固定することによって製造することができる。   Such a blood separation device 1 of the present invention is prepared by, for example, preparing the outer frame 12, the film 11, the support 21, the blood cell separation material 20, the holding body 31, and the plasma or serum holding material 30. The film 11 is placed on the step, the blood cell separation material is fixed to the support 21, and the plasma or serum holding material 30 is fixed to the holding body 31.

上述の図面においては、血液受容材10は外枠12とフィルム11とから構成されているが、血液を透過させず、血液を保持できるのであれば、フィルム11である必要はない。なお、外枠12とフィルム11とを使用する必要はなく、外枠12自体が中空孔が貫通していないことによって血液受容部13を形成する、容器状のものであっても良い。また、上述の説明においては、血液受容材10、血球分離材20及び血漿又は血清保持材30が完全に分離した状態にあるが、少なくとも2つの材料が図示しない材料によって連結された状態にあっても良い。このような状態にあることによって、材料の紛失を防ぐことができる。   In the above-described drawings, the blood receiving material 10 is composed of the outer frame 12 and the film 11. However, the blood receiving material 10 does not need to be the film 11 as long as the blood can be held without being permeated. The outer frame 12 and the film 11 do not need to be used, and the outer frame 12 itself may have a container shape that forms the blood receiving portion 13 when the hollow hole does not penetrate. In the above description, the blood receiving material 10, the blood cell separating material 20, and the plasma or serum holding material 30 are completely separated, but at least two materials are connected by a material not shown. Also good. By being in this state, loss of material can be prevented.

また、血液分離用具1を使用する際に、上述の説明においては、血球分離材20を血液受容部13と対向して隣接させ、血液を血球分離材20によって吸い上げた後に、血漿又は血清保持材30を接触させているが、保持体31の下面側を支持体21の中空孔に挿入し、血球分離材20と血漿又は血清保持材30とを接触させた状態で、支持体21の下面側を外枠12の中空孔に挿入しても同様に血漿又は血清を分離濾過することができる。   Further, when using the blood separation device 1, in the above description, the blood cell separating material 20 is opposed to and adjacent to the blood receiving portion 13, and after the blood is sucked up by the blood cell separating material 20, the plasma or serum holding material is used. 30, but the lower surface side of the support body 21 is inserted into the hollow hole of the support body 21 so that the blood cell separator 20 and the plasma or serum holding material 30 are in contact with each other. Even if it is inserted into the hollow hole of the outer frame 12, the plasma or serum can be similarly separated and filtered.

本発明の血液分離用具1は上述のような構成からなるが、血球分離材20は一方の面における平均孔径と他方の面における平均孔径とが異なり、平均孔径のより大きい面が血液受容材10の血液受容部13と対向して隣接できるのが好ましい。血液を速やかに吸い上げることができ、吸い上げるにしたがって平均孔径が小さくなるため、効果的に血漿又は血清を濾過分離することができるためである。このような血球分離材としては、例えば、非対称性多孔質膜(例えば、BTS−SP300(ポール社製))や、ガラスフィルター、メルトブロー不織布、或いは静電紡糸不織布を平均孔径が異なるように2枚以上積層したもの、などを挙げることができる。なお、血液を吸い上げやすいように、平均孔径のより大きい面の平均孔径が30〜200μmであり、血球もれが生じないように、平均孔径の小さい面の平均孔径が0.1〜20μmであるのが好ましい。この「平均孔径」は200個の孔の直径の算術平均値を意味し、孔の直径は血液分離材の表面における電子顕微鏡写真で観察できる孔の最も長く採ることのできる長さを意味する。例えば、孔が楕円形状である場合には、長径が孔の直径に該当する。   The blood separation device 1 of the present invention has the above-described configuration, but the blood cell separation material 20 has a different average pore diameter on one surface and an average pore diameter on the other surface, and a surface having a larger average pore diameter is the blood receiving material 10. It is preferable that the blood receiving portion 13 can be opposed to and adjacent to the blood receiving portion 13. This is because blood can be sucked up quickly, and the average pore size becomes smaller as it is sucked up, so that plasma or serum can be filtered and separated effectively. As such a blood cell separator, for example, two asymmetric porous membranes (for example, BTS-SP300 (manufactured by Paul)), glass filters, melt blown nonwoven fabrics, or electrospun nonwoven fabrics with different average pore diameters are used. A laminate of the above can be cited. In order to easily suck blood, the average pore diameter of the larger average pore diameter is 30 to 200 μm, and the average pore diameter of the smaller average pore diameter is 0.1 to 20 μm so as not to cause blood cell leakage. Is preferred. This “average pore diameter” means the arithmetic average value of the diameters of 200 holes, and the diameter of the holes means the longest possible length of the holes that can be observed with an electron micrograph on the surface of the blood separating material. For example, when the hole has an elliptical shape, the major axis corresponds to the diameter of the hole.

血漿又は血清保持材30は、平均繊維径が2μm以下、かつ全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径が5μm以下の極細繊維集合体からなるのが好ましい。孔径が揃っており、かつ孔径が小さいため、血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性に優れ、採取率が高く、1〜2滴の少量の血液で検査することができ、患者の苦痛を和らげることができるためである。本発明の血液分離用具1は血漿又は血清の吸収性に優れるものであっても、溶血や血球もれを生じることなく、血漿又は血清を分離し、保持することができるため、前記極細繊維集合体であっても好適に使用することができる。   The plasma or serum retaining material 30 is preferably composed of an ultrafine fiber aggregate having an average fiber diameter of 2 μm or less and a pore diameter that occupies 95% of the total pore volume of 5 μm or less. Because the pore size is uniform and the pore size is small, it is excellent in plasma and serum absorbability and retention, has a high collection rate, can be examined with a small amount of blood of 1 to 2 drops, and relieves patient pain. It is because it can do. Even if the blood separation device 1 of the present invention is excellent in absorbability of plasma or serum, it can separate and hold plasma or serum without causing hemolysis or blood cell leakage. Even if it is a body, it can be used conveniently.

極細繊維の平均繊維径が小さければ小さい程、血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性に優れているため、極細繊維の平均繊維径は1.5μm以下であるのが好ましく、1.2μm以下であるのがより好ましく、0.8μm以下であるのが更に好ましい。なお、極細繊維の平均繊維径の下限は特に限定するものではないが、1nm程度が適当である。本発明における極細繊維の「繊維径」は、血漿又は血清保持材30の断面方向における電子顕微鏡写真から測定して得られる極細繊維の横断面における直径を意味し、極細繊維の横断面形状が非円形である場合には、横断面積と同じ面積の円の直径を極細繊維の繊維径とみなす。また、極細繊維の「平均繊維径」は極細繊維100本の繊維径の算術平均値をいう。   The smaller the average fiber diameter of the ultrafine fibers, the better the absorbability and retention of plasma or serum. Therefore, the average fiber diameter of the ultrafine fibers is preferably 1.5 μm or less, and is 1.2 μm or less. Is more preferably 0.8 μm or less. The lower limit of the average fiber diameter of the ultrafine fibers is not particularly limited, but about 1 nm is appropriate. The “fiber diameter” of the ultrafine fiber in the present invention means the diameter in the cross section of the ultrafine fiber obtained by measurement from the electron micrograph in the cross-sectional direction of the plasma or serum holding material 30, and the cross-sectional shape of the ultrafine fiber is not In the case of a circle, the diameter of a circle having the same area as the cross-sectional area is regarded as the fiber diameter of the ultrafine fiber. The “average fiber diameter” of the ultrafine fibers refers to an arithmetic average value of the fiber diameters of 100 ultrafine fibers.

保持材を構成する極細繊維は連続繊維であっても、非連続繊維であっても良いが、連続繊維であると、血液分離用具1の作製時又は使用時に極細繊維の脱落が生じにくいため好適である。また、保持材を構成する極細繊維はどのような樹脂から構成されていても良いが、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアミドなど血漿又は血清の吸収性の良いものを使用することができる。また、ポリオレフィン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリイミド等の撥水性樹脂であっても、紫外線照射、プラズマ照射、或いは親水性樹脂を極細繊維表面に付与するなどの親水化処理を実施することによって使用することができる。なお、血漿又は血清の検査項目としてタンパクが含まれている場合には、検査結果に影響を及ぼさないように、タンパク吸着性の低い樹脂(例えば、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、親水化処理したポリフッ化ビニリデンなど)からなるのが好ましい。タンパク吸着を防ぐために、リン脂質系高分子などの低タンパク吸着素材を繊維表面に付与しても良い。以上から、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、親水化処理したポリフッ化ビニリデンは吸収性が高いことのみならず、低タンパク吸着性といった点から特に好ましい。なお、ポリビニルアルコールやポリビニルピロリドンは水溶性であるため、架橋させて不溶化させるのが好ましい。更に、極細繊維は上述のような樹脂1種類からなる必要はなく、2種類以上の樹脂が混合又は複合されていても良い。   The ultrafine fibers constituting the holding material may be continuous fibers or discontinuous fibers. However, the continuous fibers are preferable because the ultrafine fibers do not easily fall off when the blood separation device 1 is manufactured or used. It is. Further, the ultrafine fibers constituting the holding material may be composed of any resin, but for example, those having good absorbability of plasma or serum such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyamide may be used. it can. Also, even for water-repellent resins such as polyolefin, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethersulfone, polyimide, etc., hydrophilic treatment such as ultraviolet irradiation, plasma irradiation, or imparting hydrophilic resin to the surface of ultrafine fibers It can be used by implementing. In addition, if protein is included as a test item for plasma or serum, a resin with low protein adsorptivity (for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydrofluorinated polyfluoride so as not to affect the test result) Vinylidene etc.). In order to prevent protein adsorption, a low protein adsorption material such as a phospholipid polymer may be applied to the fiber surface. From the above, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and polyvinylidene fluoride subjected to a hydrophilic treatment are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of not only high absorbability but also low protein adsorption. In addition, since polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone are water-soluble, it is preferable to crosslink and insolubilize. Furthermore, the ultrafine fiber does not need to be made of one kind of resin as described above, and two or more kinds of resins may be mixed or combined.

保持材は極細繊維集合体の全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径が5μm以下であるのが好ましいが、この径が小さければ小さい程、毛細管作用が働きやすく、吸収性及び保持性に優れているため、この径は3μm以下であるのがより好ましく、2μm以下であるのが更に好ましく、1μm以下であるのが更に好ましい。他方、前記径の下限値は特に限定するものではない。なお、全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径を前記値としているのは、仮に5%程度前記値を超えるような大きな孔があったとしても、残りの95%の体積を占める孔によって十分に毛細管作用が働き、血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性に優れているためである。また、本発明における「全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径」は、ASTM E1294−89に規定されている「自動細孔径分布測定機を使ったメンブレンフィルターの細孔径の特性に対する標準試験方法」にしたがって孔径を測定し、最小の孔径から積算して体積の95%が含まれる孔径の最大値をいう。   The holding material preferably has a pore diameter of 5 μm or less occupying 95% of the total pore volume of the ultrafine fiber assembly. However, the smaller this diameter, the easier the capillary action works, and the absorbency and retainability. This diameter is more preferably 3 μm or less, still more preferably 2 μm or less, and even more preferably 1 μm or less. On the other hand, the lower limit of the diameter is not particularly limited. The diameter of the hole occupying 95% of the volume of all the holes is set as the above value. Even if there is a large hole exceeding about 5%, the hole occupying the remaining 95% of the volume. This is because the capillarity works sufficiently, and is excellent in the absorbability and retention of plasma or serum. In addition, the “pore diameter occupying 95% of the volume of all pores” in the present invention is “standard for pore size characteristics of membrane filter using automatic pore size distribution measuring instrument” defined in ASTM E1294-89. The pore diameter is measured according to the “test method”, and the maximum value of the pore diameter including 95% of the volume is calculated from the minimum pore diameter.

保持材は上述のような極細繊維の集合体からなるのが好ましいが、静電紡糸法により製造されたものであると、孔径が揃っており、かつ孔径の小さい保持材であることができ、血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性が優れているため好適である。また、好適であるポリビニルアルコールやポリビニルピロリドンからなる極細繊維であっても紡糸できるため、このような極細繊維を紡糸した場合には血漿又は血清の吸収性及び保持性が更に優れている。更に、静電紡糸法により製造した保持材は繊維間の接着が緩やかで、血漿又は血清を保持材が吸収した際に膨らみやすいため、吸収時に血球分離材との密着性が高まり、更に吸収性が良くなるという効果も奏する。この静電紡糸法とは樹脂を溶媒に溶解させた紡糸溶液の溶媒を揮発させるとともに電気的に延伸して繊維化する方法であり、従来から公知の方法である。   The holding material is preferably composed of an aggregate of ultrafine fibers as described above, but if the holding material is manufactured by an electrospinning method, the hole diameter is uniform, and the holding material can be a small hole diameter, It is suitable because of its excellent absorbability and retention of plasma or serum. In addition, since even ultrafine fibers made of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrrolidone which are suitable can be spun, when such ultrafine fibers are spun, the absorbability and retention of plasma or serum are further improved. Furthermore, the holding material manufactured by the electrospinning method has a gentle adhesion between fibers, and is easy to swell when the holding material absorbs plasma or serum. It also has the effect of improving. This electrospinning method is a method in which a solvent of a spinning solution in which a resin is dissolved in a solvent is volatilized and electrically stretched to form a fiber, and is a conventionally known method.

保持材の目付及び厚さは特に限定するものではないが、目付は血漿又は血清の保持性に優れているように、5g/m以上であるのが好ましい。厚さは血球分離材と密着しやすいクッション性を有するように、50μm以上であるのが好ましく、100μm以上であるのがより好ましい。保持材が1枚の極細繊維集合体から構成されている場合には、1枚の極細繊維集合体の厚さが前記値の範囲にあるのが好ましく、2枚以上の極細繊維集合体から構成されている場合には、積層された極細繊維集合体の厚さが前記値の範囲にあるのが好ましい。この「厚さ」は10kPa加圧時の厚さを10点で測定し、その10点の算術平均値をいう。 The basis weight and thickness of the holding material are not particularly limited, but the basis weight is preferably 5 g / m 2 or more so that the holding ability of plasma or serum is excellent. The thickness is preferably 50 μm or more, and more preferably 100 μm or more so as to have a cushioning property that allows easy adhesion to the blood cell separator. When the holding material is composed of a single ultrafine fiber assembly, the thickness of the single ultrafine fiber assembly is preferably in the above range, and is composed of two or more ultrafine fiber assemblies. When it is, it is preferable that the thickness of the laminated ultrafine fiber aggregate is in the range of the above value. This “thickness” refers to the arithmetic average value of 10 points measured at 10 points when the pressure is 10 kPa.

また、保持材は血漿又は血清の保持量が多いように、またクッション性に優れ血球分離材との密着性に優れるように、空隙率が30%以上であるのが好ましく、50%以上であるのがより好ましく、70%以上であるのが更に好ましく、80%以上であるのが更に好ましい。他方、保持材の機械的強度に優れているように、空隙率は98%以下であるのが好ましく、95%以下であるのがより好ましく、90%以下であるのが更に好ましい。なお、「空隙率(P)」は次の式から算出される値をいう。
P={1−W/(T×d)}×100
ここで、Wは保持材の目付(g/m)を意味し、Tは保持材の厚さ(μm)を意味し、dは繊維構成樹脂の密度(g/cm)をそれぞれ意味する。
Moreover, the porosity is preferably 30% or more, and preferably 50% or more so that the holding material has a large amount of plasma or serum, and has excellent cushioning properties and adhesion to the blood cell separation material. Is more preferably 70% or more, and further preferably 80% or more. On the other hand, the porosity is preferably 98% or less, more preferably 95% or less, and still more preferably 90% or less so that the holding material is excellent in mechanical strength. “Porosity (P)” is a value calculated from the following equation.
P = {1-W / (T × d)} × 100
Here, W means the basis weight (g / m 2 ) of the holding material, T means the thickness (μm) of the holding material, and d means the density (g / cm 3 ) of the fiber constituent resin. .

なお、極細繊維集合体の全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径が5μm以下の血漿又は血清保持材30は、静電紡糸法により紡糸する際に、紡糸溶液の濃度、粘度、溶媒の種類、ノズル先端と捕集板の距離、印加電圧、紡糸環境の温度、湿度、ノズル先端からの紡糸溶液の吐出量などの条件を適宜調整することによって製造することができる。例えば、水溶性樹脂(例えば、ポリビニルアルコール)の場合、紡糸溶液の濃度は10〜20wt%、粘度は100〜12000mPa・s、溶媒は純水、ノズル先端と捕集板との距離は10〜20cm、印加電圧は15〜20kV、紡糸環境の温度20〜30℃、湿度40〜60%RH、ノズル先端からの紡糸溶液の吐出量0.1〜1.0g/時間とすることにより製造しやすい。また、水と混和する有機溶剤(例えば、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド)に溶解する樹脂の場合、紡糸溶液の濃度は10〜30wt%、粘度は100〜5000mPa・s、ノズル先端と捕集板との距離は5〜15cm、印加電圧は10〜20kV、紡糸環境の温度20〜30℃、湿度10〜40%RH、ノズル先端からの紡糸溶液の吐出量0.1〜3.0g/時間程度とすることにより製造しやすい。   Note that the plasma or serum retaining material 30 having a pore diameter of 5 μm or less that accounts for 95% of the total pore volume of the microfiber assembly is the concentration, viscosity, and solvent of the spinning solution when spinning by the electrostatic spinning method. It is possible to manufacture by appropriately adjusting conditions such as the type of the nozzle, the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting plate, the applied voltage, the temperature of the spinning environment, the humidity, and the discharge amount of the spinning solution from the nozzle tip. For example, in the case of a water-soluble resin (for example, polyvinyl alcohol), the concentration of the spinning solution is 10 to 20 wt%, the viscosity is 100 to 12000 mPa · s, the solvent is pure water, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting plate is 10 to 20 cm. The applied voltage is 15 to 20 kV, the spinning environment temperature is 20 to 30 ° C., the humidity is 40 to 60% RH, and the discharge rate of the spinning solution from the nozzle tip is 0.1 to 1.0 g / hour. In the case of a resin that is dissolved in an organic solvent miscible with water (for example, N, N-dimethylformamide), the concentration of the spinning solution is 10 to 30 wt%, the viscosity is 100 to 5000 mPa · s, the nozzle tip and the collecting plate The distance of 5 to 15 cm, the applied voltage is 10 to 20 kV, the temperature of the spinning environment is 20 to 30 ° C., the humidity is 10 to 40% RH, and the discharge rate of the spinning solution from the nozzle tip is about 0.1 to 3.0 g / hour. It is easy to manufacture by doing.

なお、血漿又は血清保持材30は上述のような極細繊維集合体からなるものに限定されず、セルロース繊維、セルロースアセテート繊維、ポリアミド繊維、ポリビニルアルコール繊維、及び/又はポリアクリロニトリル繊維からなる繊維集合体であっても使用することができる。   The plasma or serum retaining material 30 is not limited to the above-described ultrafine fiber aggregate, and is a fiber aggregate composed of cellulose fiber, cellulose acetate fiber, polyamide fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and / or polyacrylonitrile fiber. Can even be used.

以下、本発明の実施例を記載するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(実施例1)
上面における内径が1.15cmで、下面における内径が0.91cmで、上面から0.82cmの位置に段差を有する中空孔を有する円筒状の外枠12(外径:1.53cm)と、直径1.14cmのポリエステルフィルム11(厚さ:100μm)を用意した。そして、前記段差に前記フィルム11を載置して血液受容材10とした。
Example 1
A cylindrical outer frame 12 (outer diameter: 1.53 cm) having an inner diameter of 1.15 cm on the upper surface, an inner diameter of 0.91 cm on the lower surface and a stepped hole at a position of 0.82 cm from the upper surface, A 1.14 cm polyester film 11 (thickness: 100 μm) was prepared. And the said film 11 was mounted in the said level | step difference, and it was set as the blood receptive material 10. FIG.

また、外径が1.10cmで、高さが0.75cmの円筒状突起部21aと、前記円筒状突起部の上面側端部から外側に伸びるつば部21b(外径:1.54cm、高さ:0.36cm)とを有し、しかも前記つば部21bの上面から円筒状突起部21aの下面へ貫通する内径が0.90cmの中空孔を有する断面T字状の支持体21と、直径が1.10cm、平均孔径の大きい面における平均孔径が100μmで、平均孔径の小さい面における平均孔径が2μmの非対称性多孔質膜(BTS−SP300(ポール社製))を用意した。そして、前記支持体21の円筒状突起部21a下面に前記非対称性多孔質膜の平均孔径の小さい面が当接するように、接着剤で固定し、分離材−支持体複合材を形成した。   Also, a cylindrical projection 21a having an outer diameter of 1.10 cm and a height of 0.75 cm, and a collar portion 21b (outer diameter: 1.54 cm, high height) extending outward from the upper surface side end of the cylindrical projection. And a T-shaped support body 21 having a hollow hole with an inner diameter of 0.90 cm that penetrates from the upper surface of the collar portion 21b to the lower surface of the cylindrical projection portion 21a, and a diameter. Was 1.10 cm, an asymmetric porous membrane (BTS-SP300 (manufactured by Paul)) having an average pore diameter of 100 μm on the surface having a large average pore diameter and an average pore diameter of 2 μm on the surface having a small average pore diameter was prepared. And it fixed with the adhesive so that the surface with the small average hole diameter of the said asymmetric porous membrane might contact the lower surface of the cylindrical projection part 21a of the said support body 21, and the separation material-support body composite material was formed.

更に、外径が0.86cmで、高さが1.07cmの円筒状突出部31aと、前記円筒状突起部31aの上面側端部から外側に伸びるつば部31b(外径:1.22cm、高さ:0.72cm)とを有する、断面T字状の保持体31と、静電紡糸法により紡糸し、集積させた後に、温度180℃に設定したオーブン中で10分間熱処理をして架橋させた、直径が0.8cmのポリビニルアルコール極細連続繊維集合体(=血漿又は血清保持材30、平均繊維径:0.22μm、全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径:0.6μm以下、目付:140g/m、厚さ:430μm、空隙率:75%)を用意した。そして、前記保持体31の下面に前記ポリビニルアルコール極細連続繊維集合体を接着剤で固定し、保持材−保持体複合材を形成した。以上の血液受容材、分離材−支持体複合材及び保持材−保持体複合材から血液分離用具を構成した。 Furthermore, the cylindrical protrusion 31a having an outer diameter of 0.86 cm and a height of 1.07 cm, and a collar portion 31b (outer diameter: 1.22 cm, extending outward from the upper surface side end of the cylindrical protrusion 31a). A holder 31 having a T-shaped cross section having a height of 0.72 cm), and spinning and accumulating by means of an electrostatic spinning method, followed by heat treatment for 10 minutes in an oven set at a temperature of 180 ° C. Polyvinyl alcohol ultrafine continuous fiber aggregate having a diameter of 0.8 cm (= plasma or serum retaining material 30, average fiber diameter: 0.22 μm, pore diameter occupying 95% of the total pore volume: 0.6 μm Hereinafter, a basis weight: 140 g / m 2 , thickness: 430 μm, porosity: 75%) was prepared. And the said polyvinyl-alcohol extra fine continuous fiber assembly was fixed to the lower surface of the said holding body 31 with the adhesive agent, and the holding material-holding body composite material was formed. A blood separating device was constituted from the blood receiving material, the separating material-support composite material, and the holding material-holding material composite material.

この血液分離用具の血液受容材10にヘマトクリット値が41%の血液50μLを入れた後、上記分離材−支持体複合材の中空孔に上記保持材−保持体複合材を挿入し、血球分離材20と保持材30とが接触した状態で、分離材−支持体複合材の支持体21の下面側を血液受容材10を構成する外枠12の中空孔に挿入して、血球分離を行い、保持材によって血漿を保持させた。その後、保持材−保持体複合材を抜き出し、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、保持材の血漿保持前後における質量変化から保持材に吸収された血漿量(bpm、単位:mg)を算出した。そして、次の式から血漿採取率(bpr)を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。
bpr=[(bpm/1.03)/{50×(1−H/100)}]×100
ここで、bprは血漿採取率(%)、bpmは保持材に吸収された血漿量(mg)、Hはヘマトクリット値(%)、1.03は血漿の平均比重をそれぞれ意味する。
After 50 μL of blood having a hematocrit value of 41% is put in the blood receiving material 10 of this blood separation device, the holding material-holding material composite is inserted into the hollow hole of the separating material-supporting material, and the blood cell separating material is inserted. 20 and the holding material 30 are in contact with each other, the lower surface side of the support 21 of the separating material-support composite material is inserted into the hollow hole of the outer frame 12 constituting the blood receiving material 10 to perform blood cell separation, Plasma was held by a holding material. Thereafter, the holding material-holding body composite material is extracted and observed whether there is hemolysis or blood cell leakage in the plasma, and the amount of plasma absorbed by the holding material from the mass change of the holding material before and after plasma holding (bpm, Unit: mg) was calculated. And the plasma collection rate (bpr) was calculated from the following formula. These results were as shown in Table 1.
bpr = [(bpm / 1.03) / {50 × (1-H / 100)}] × 100
Here, bpr means the plasma collection rate (%), bpm means the amount of plasma absorbed in the holding material (mg), H means the hematocrit value (%), and 1.03 means the average specific gravity of the plasma.

(実施例2)
直径が0.80cmの静電紡糸法により製造したポリアクリロニトリル極細連続繊維集合体(平均繊維径:0.4μm、全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径:1.6μm、目付:118g/m、厚さ:400μm、空隙率:73%)を血漿又は血清保持材30として用いて、保持材−保持体複合材を形成したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、血液受容材、分離材−支持体複合材及び保持材−保持体複合材から血液分離用具を構成した。
(Example 2)
Polyacrylonitrile ultrafine continuous fiber aggregate produced by an electrospinning method having a diameter of 0.80 cm (average fiber diameter: 0.4 μm, pore diameter occupying 95% of the total pore volume: 1.6 μm, basis weight: 118 g) / M 2 , thickness: 400 μm, porosity: 73%) as a plasma or serum holding material 30, and a blood receiving material in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a holding material-holding body composite was formed. A blood separation tool was constructed from the separating material-support composite material and the holding material-support composite material.

そして、実施例1と同様にして、ヘマトクリット値が41%の血液から血漿を分離濾過し、保持材によって血漿を保持させ、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、血漿採取率を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。   Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, plasma was separated and filtered from blood having a hematocrit value of 41%, the plasma was retained by a retaining material, and observation was made as to whether there was hemolysis or blood cell leakage in the plasma. The collection rate was calculated. These results were as shown in Table 1.

(実施例3)
実施例2と同じ血液分離用具を用い、実施例1と同様にして、ヘマトクリット値が58%の血液から血漿を分離濾過し、保持材によって血漿を保持させ、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、血漿採取率を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。
(Example 3)
Using the same blood separation device as in Example 2, as in Example 1, plasma was separated and filtered from blood having a hematocrit value of 58%, and the plasma was retained by a retaining material, and hemolysis and blood cell leakage were observed in the plasma. While observing whether or not there was, the plasma collection rate was calculated. These results were as shown in Table 1.

(実施例4)
実施例1と同じ血液分離用具を用い、実施例1と同様にして、ヘマトクリット値が35%の血液から血漿を分離濾過し、保持材によって血漿を保持させ、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、血漿採取率を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。
Example 4
Using the same blood separation device as in Example 1, as in Example 1, plasma was separated and filtered from blood with a hematocrit value of 35%, and the plasma was retained by a retaining material, so that hemolysis and blood cell leakage occurred in the plasma. While observing whether or not there was, the plasma collection rate was calculated. These results were as shown in Table 1.

(実施例5)
実施例2と同じ血液分離用具を用い、実施例1と同様にして、ヘマトクリット値が35%の血液から血漿を分離濾過し、保持材によって血漿を保持させ、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、血漿採取率を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。
(Example 5)
Using the same blood separation device as in Example 2, as in Example 1, plasma was separated and filtered from blood with a hematocrit value of 35%, and the plasma was retained by the retaining material. While observing whether or not there was, the plasma collection rate was calculated. These results were as shown in Table 1.

(比較例1)
実施例1の分離材−支持体複合材の中空孔に保持材−保持体複合材を挿入し、血球分離材20と保持材30とが接触した状態のものを、実施例1の血液受容材10を構成するフィルム11を取り除いた外枠12の中空孔に挿入し、血液分離用具とした。この血液分離用具を、上から外枠12、分離材20、保持材30となるように置いた後、分離材の上からヘマトクリット値が41%の血液を50μL滴下して血球分離を行い、保持材によって血漿を保持させた。その後、保持材−保持体複合材を分離し、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、血漿採取率を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。
(Comparative Example 1)
The blood receiving material of Example 1 is obtained by inserting the holding material-holding material composite material into the hollow hole of the separating material-supporting material material of Example 1 and contacting the blood cell separating material 20 and the holding material 30 with each other. 10 was inserted into the hollow hole of the outer frame 12 from which the film 11 constituting the body 10 was removed, to obtain a blood separation tool. After this blood separation device is placed so that it becomes the outer frame 12, the separation material 20, and the holding material 30 from above, 50 μL of blood having a hematocrit value of 41% is dropped on the separation material to separate and hold the blood cells Plasma was retained by the material. Thereafter, the holding material-holding body composite material was separated, and it was observed whether there was hemolysis or blood cell leakage in the plasma, and the plasma collection rate was calculated. These results were as shown in Table 1.

(比較例2)
ヘマトクリット値が58%の血液を滴下したこと以外は比較例1と全く同様にして血球分離を行い、保持材によって血漿を保持させた。その後、保持材−保持体複合材を分離し、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、血漿採取率を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。
(Comparative Example 2)
Blood cells were separated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that blood having a hematocrit value of 58% was dropped, and plasma was retained by a retaining material. Thereafter, the holding material-holding body composite material was separated, and it was observed whether there was hemolysis or blood cell leakage in the plasma, and the plasma collection rate was calculated. These results were as shown in Table 1.

(比較例3)
実施例2の分離材−支持体複合材の中空孔に保持材−保持体複合材を挿入し、血球分離材20と保持材30とが接触した状態のものを、実施例2の血液受容材10を構成するフィルム11を取り除いた外枠12の中空孔に挿入し、血液分離用具とした。この血液分離用具を、上から外枠12、分離材20、保持材30となるように置いた後、分離材の上からヘマトクリット値が58%の血液を50μL滴下して血球分離を行い、保持材によって血漿を保持させた。その後、保持材−保持体複合材を分離し、血漿中に溶血や血球もれがあるかどうかを観察するとともに、血漿採取率を算出した。これらの結果は表1に示す通りであった。
(Comparative Example 3)
The blood receiving material of Example 2 was obtained by inserting the holding material-holding material composite material into the hollow hole of the separating material-supporting material composite material of Example 2 and contacting the blood cell separating material 20 and the holding material 30. 10 was inserted into the hollow hole of the outer frame 12 from which the film 11 constituting the body 10 was removed, to obtain a blood separation tool. After this blood separation device is placed so that it becomes the outer frame 12, the separation material 20, and the holding material 30 from above, 50 μL of blood with a hematocrit value of 58% is dropped on the separation material to separate and hold the blood cells Plasma was retained by the material. Thereafter, the holding material-holding body composite material was separated, and it was observed whether there was hemolysis or blood cell leakage in the plasma, and the plasma collection rate was calculated. These results were as shown in Table 1.

Figure 0004560452
保持材:PVA・・ポリビニルアルコール、PAN・・ポリアクリロニトリル
Figure 0004560452
Holding material: PVA ·· Polyvinyl alcohol, PAN ·· Polyacrylonitrile

表1から明らかなように、本発明の血液分離用具は高ヘマトクリット値の血液を使用した場合や吸収力の強い保持材を使用した場合であっても、溶血や血球もれを生じることなく、血漿を得ることができるものであった。   As is clear from Table 1, the blood separation device of the present invention does not cause hemolysis or blood cell leakage even when blood with a high hematocrit value is used or when a highly absorbent holding material is used. Plasma could be obtained.

血液分離用具使用前の模式的斜視図Schematic perspective view before using blood separation tool 図1におけるI−I線切断面図II sectional view in FIG. 血液分離用具の使用方法を説明する模式的断面図Schematic cross-sectional view explaining how to use blood separation tool 血液分離用具の使用方法を説明する模式的断面図Schematic cross-sectional view explaining how to use blood separation tool 血液分離用具の使用方法を説明する模式的断面図Schematic cross-sectional view explaining how to use blood separation tool 血液分離用具の使用方法を説明する模式的断面図Schematic cross-sectional view explaining how to use blood separation tool

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 血液分離用具
10 血液受容材
11 フィルム
12 外枠
13 血液受容部
20 血球分離材
21 支持体
21a 円筒状突起部
21b つば部
30 血漿又は血清保持材
31 保持体
31a 円筒状突起部
31b つば部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood separation tool 10 Blood receiving material 11 Film 12 Outer frame 13 Blood receiving part 20 Blood cell separating material 21 Support body 21a Cylindrical projection part 21b Collar part 30 Plasma or serum holding material 31 Holding body 31a Cylindrical projection part 31b Collar part

Claims (4)

血液を透過させず、血液を保持できる血液受容部を備えた血液受容材と、血液から血球を分離できる血球分離材と、血漿又は血清を保持できる、平均繊維径が2μm以下、かつ全部の孔の体積の95%を占める孔の径が5μm以下の極細繊維集合体からなる血漿又は血清保持材とを備えており、使用時に前記血液受容材の血液受容部と血球分離材とが対向して隣接可能、かつ前記血球分離材と血漿又は血清保持材とが接触可能であることを特徴とする血液分離用具。 A blood receiving material provided with a blood receiving part capable of holding blood without allowing blood to pass through, a blood cell separating material capable of separating blood cells from blood , an average fiber diameter of 2 μm or less, and all pores capable of holding plasma or serum A plasma or serum holding material composed of an ultrafine fiber assembly having a pore diameter of 5 μm or less that occupies 95% of the volume of the blood receiving portion, and the blood receiving portion of the blood receiving material and the blood cell separating material face each other at the time of use A blood separation device characterized in that the blood cell separation material and the plasma or serum holding material can contact each other. 血球分離材の一方の面における平均孔径と他方の面における平均孔径とが異なり、血球分離材の平均孔径のより大きい面が血液受容材の血液受容部と対向して隣接可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の血液分離用具。 The average pore size on one side of the blood cell separator is different from the average pore size on the other side, and the surface with the larger average pore size of the blood cell separator can be adjacent to the blood receiving part of the blood receptor. The blood separation device according to claim 1. 血漿又は血清保持材が、静電紡糸法により製造された極細繊維集合体からなることを特徴とする、請求項1〜請求項のいずれか1項に記載の血液分離用具。 The blood separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 2 , wherein the plasma or serum holding material comprises an ultrafine fiber assembly produced by an electrospinning method. 請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の血液分離用具の血液受容部に、採取した血液を置いた後、血液受容部と血球分離材とを対向して隣接させるとともに、血球分離材と血漿又は血清保持材とを接触させることを特徴とする、血液の分離方法。 4. After putting the collected blood in the blood receiving part of the blood separating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , the blood receiving part and the blood cell separating material are placed adjacent to each other, and blood cell separation is performed. A method for separating blood, comprising bringing a material into contact with plasma or a serum retaining material.
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