JP4504090B2 - Microwave distance measuring device - Google Patents

Microwave distance measuring device Download PDF

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JP4504090B2
JP4504090B2 JP2004140502A JP2004140502A JP4504090B2 JP 4504090 B2 JP4504090 B2 JP 4504090B2 JP 2004140502 A JP2004140502 A JP 2004140502A JP 2004140502 A JP2004140502 A JP 2004140502A JP 4504090 B2 JP4504090 B2 JP 4504090B2
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partition plate
microwave
cylindrical body
reflected
measuring device
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JP2005321325A (en
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修一 阪元
秀彦 古家
秀樹 大田
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Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd
Nippon Steel Plant Designing Corp
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Nittetsu Plant Designing Corp
Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、容器内の内容物の層高レベルを非接触で測定するマイクロ波距離測定装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a microwave distance measuring device that measures a layer height level of contents in a container in a non-contact manner.

マイクロ波による距離測定装置は様々な分野で応用されているが、一つの応用分野として、廃棄物を溶融処理する廃棄物溶融炉内の炉内廃棄物の層高レベル測定装置がある。   Microwave distance measuring devices are applied in various fields, and one application field is a device for measuring a high level of in-furnace waste in a waste melting furnace for melting waste.

この炉内廃棄物の層高レベル測定装置については、従来から種々の提案がなされており、例えば、特開2000‐304233号公報には、廃棄物溶融炉に固定される層高レベル測定装置にマイクロ波の反射波により廃棄物の層高レベルを測定するマイクロ波送受信装置が設けられ、炉内と仕切る仕切板（多孔質セラミック製）が設けられ、パージガスを測定装置取付座内へ吹き込むパージガス配管が設けられていることを特徴とする廃棄物溶融炉内の廃棄物層高レベル測定装置が提案されている。
特開2000‐304233号公報 Various proposals have conventionally been made for this in-furnace waste level measurement device. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-304233 discloses a layer height level measurement device fixed to a waste melting furnace. A microwave transmitter / receiver that measures the level of waste by reflected microwaves is provided, a partition plate (made of porous ceramic) that separates the inside of the furnace, and a purge gas pipe that blows purge gas into the measuring device mounting seat A device for measuring a high level of a waste layer in a waste melting furnace is proposed.
JP 2000-304233 A

前述の廃棄物層高レベル測定装置においては、マイクロ波送受信装置から発信されたマイクロ波の一部は筒状体内に設置されている仕切板を通過して廃棄物の層に到達して反射し、仕切壁を介してマイクロ波送受信装置で受信し、反射時間によって位置関係演算し、層高レベルを測定している。
しかし、マイクロ波の一部はこの仕切板を通過せず仕切壁により反射し、マイクロ波送受信装置がこの反射波を受信してしまううえ、直接反射する波のほかに、筒状体に複数衝突を繰り返して反射した後の波（多重反射波）も受けやすいという問題点があった。
これらの障害波が、仕切板に微小のダストが付着することで大きくなったり、反対に、廃棄物の質や傾きなどにより廃棄物表面の反射波が小さくなったりすると、図３の右側に示すように、廃棄物表面の反射波波形１３よりも障害波波形１４の方が相対的に大きくなり、装置がそれを廃棄物表面の反射波として誤認検知するという問題が起きる。
そこで本発明は、前述のような仕切板による障害波を小さくすることができ、具体的には、装置を熱や異物の付着等から保護する機構を設けなければならない場合でも、障害波を受けることなく、対象物の距離を安定して連続的に正確に把握することができるマイクロ波式距離測定装置を提供することを課題とする。 In the above-described waste layer high-level measurement device, a part of the microwave transmitted from the microwave transmitting / receiving device passes through the partition plate installed in the cylindrical body and reaches the waste layer and is reflected. The signal is received by the microwave transmitting / receiving device through the partition wall, the positional relationship is calculated by the reflection time, and the layer height level is measured.
However, part of the microwave does not pass through this partition plate but is reflected by the partition wall, and the microwave transceiver receives this reflected wave, and in addition to the directly reflected wave, multiple collisions with the cylindrical body There is a problem that it is easy to receive waves (multiple reflected waves) after being repeatedly reflected.
If these obstacle waves become larger due to the minute dust adhering to the partition plate, or conversely, if the reflected waves on the waste surface become smaller due to the quality or inclination of the waste, it is shown on the right side of FIG. Thus, the obstacle wave waveform 14 becomes relatively larger than the reflected wave waveform 13 on the waste surface, and there arises a problem that the apparatus erroneously detects it as a reflected wave on the waste surface.
Therefore, the present invention can reduce the disturbance wave caused by the partition plate as described above. Specifically, even if it is necessary to provide a mechanism for protecting the apparatus from heat, adhesion of foreign substances, etc., the disturbance wave is received. It is an object of the present invention to provide a microwave distance measuring apparatus that can stably and accurately grasp the distance of an object without any problem.

本発明は、前述のような課題を解決するため、鋭意検討の結果なされたものであり、その要旨とするところは特許請求の範囲に記載した通りの下記内容である。
（１）容器内に堆積する内容物にマイクロ波を照射して、その反射波により前記内容物の層高レベルを測定するマイクロ波式距離測定装置であって、
前記容器内の上部に筒状体を配設し、該筒状体の上部にマイクロ波送受信装置を配設し、前記筒状体内の上方に受信アンテナを配置し、前記筒状体内の下方に仕切板を一方向に２０〜４０°傾斜させて配設して該仕切板による反射波を前記仕切板と前記受信アンテナとの間に反射させ、該仕切板により反射波が直接受信アンテナで受信されないようにし、前記筒状体内面で前記仕切板と前記受信アンテナとの間に、前記仕切板の傾斜方向の半周部分に電波吸収体を貼設することにより、前記筒状体内でマイクロ波送受信装置と仕切板との間で反射波が筒状体に衝突して再度反射しないようにしたことを特徴とするマイクロ波式距離測定装置。
The present invention has been made as a result of intensive studies in order to solve the above-described problems, and the gist of the present invention is the following contents as described in the claims.
(1) A microwave distance measuring device that irradiates the contents deposited in the container with microwaves and measures the layer height level of the contents by the reflected waves,
A cylindrical body is disposed in the upper part of the container, a microwave transmitting / receiving device is disposed in the upper part of the cylindrical body, a receiving antenna is disposed in the upper part of the cylindrical body, and a lower part in the cylindrical body. The partition plate is disposed at an angle of 20 to 40 ° in one direction, and the reflected wave from the partition plate is reflected between the partition plate and the receiving antenna, and the reflected wave is directly received by the receiving antenna by the partition plate. The microwave is transmitted and received in the cylindrical body by attaching a radio wave absorber to the half-circumferential part of the inclined direction of the partition plate between the partition plate and the receiving antenna on the inner surface of the cylindrical body. A microwave distance measuring device characterized in that a reflected wave collides with a cylindrical body between the device and a partition plate and is not reflected again.

本発明によれば、装置を熱や異物の付着等から保護する機構を設けなければならない場合でも、障害波を受けることなく、対象物の距離を安定して連続的に正確に把握することができるマイクロ波式距離測定装置を提供することができるなど産業上有用な著しい効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, even when it is necessary to provide a mechanism for protecting the apparatus from heat, foreign matter adhesion, etc., it is possible to stably and accurately grasp the distance of an object without receiving an obstacle wave. It is possible to provide a microwave-type distance measuring device that can be used, and there are significant industrially useful effects.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態について図１および図２を用いて詳細に説明する。
図１は、本発明のマイクロ波式距離測定装置を廃棄物溶融炉に設置した状態を例示する図である。
図１において、１はシャフト炉式熱分解溶融炉、２はマイクロ波式距離測定装置、３は マイクロ波送受信装置、４は仕切板、５はマイクロ波、６は反射波、７は受信波波形、１３は廃棄物面からの反射波波形を示す。
シャフト炉式熱分解溶融炉１の上部にマイクロ波送受信装置３を備えたマイクロ波式距離測定装置２が設置される。マイクロ波式距離測定装置２は、仕切板４（例えば、多孔質セラミック製）により溶融炉１と遮断されている。マイクロ波送受信装置３から送信されたマイクロ波５は、廃棄物の表面で反射し、反射波６はマイクロ波送受信装置３で受信し、演算処理装置で廃棄物の層高レベルを測定する。
図１の右側の受信波波形７および廃棄物面からの反射波波形１３に示すように、本発明のマイクロ波式距離測定装置は、層高レベルにおいて反射波が最も強く返ってくる地点を層高レベルとして認識することができる。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state where the microwave distance measuring device of the present invention is installed in a waste melting furnace.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a shaft furnace type pyrolysis melting furnace, 2 is a microwave distance measuring device, 3 is a microwave transmitting / receiving device, 4 is a partition plate, 5 is a microwave, 6 is a reflected wave, and 7 is a received wave waveform. , 13 shows the reflected wave waveform from the waste surface.
A microwave distance measuring device 2 including a microwave transmitting / receiving device 3 is installed on the upper portion of the shaft furnace type pyrolysis melting furnace 1. The microwave distance measuring device 2 is disconnected from the melting furnace 1 by a partition plate 4 (for example, made of porous ceramic). The microwave 5 transmitted from the microwave transmitting / receiving device 3 is reflected by the surface of the waste, the reflected wave 6 is received by the microwave transmitting / receiving device 3, and the layer height level of the waste is measured by the arithmetic processing device.
As shown in the received wave waveform 7 on the right side of FIG. 1 and the reflected wave waveform 13 from the waste surface, the microwave distance measuring device of the present invention uses the layer where the reflected wave returns most strongly at the layer high level. It can be recognized as a high level.

図２は本発明によるマイクロ波式距離測定装置の断面図および平面図を示す。
図２において、１はシャフト炉式熱分解溶融炉、２はマイクロ波式距離測定装置、３はマイクロ波送受信装置、４は仕切板、８は筒状体、９はパージガス管、１０は遮断弁、１１ は受信用アンテナ、１２は電波吸収体を示す。
シャフト炉式熱分解溶融炉１に固定されるマイクロ波式距離測定装置２には、マイクロ波送受信装置３が設けられ、マイクロ波が送受信される。測定装置取付座には、パージガスを取付座８内へ吹き込むパージガス配管９が設けられるとともに、取付座８内の圧力を表示する圧力計ＰＩが設けられている。マイクロ波式距離測定装置２と溶融炉１との間には、炉内と遮断するための遮断弁１０が設けられている。マイクロ波式距離測定装置２を保守等により取り外す場合、炉内の高温ガスが吹き出すのを防止するために、予め遮断弁１０を閉じる。 FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view and a plan view of a microwave distance measuring device according to the present invention.
In FIG. 2, 1 is a shaft furnace type pyrolysis melting furnace, 2 is a microwave distance measuring device, 3 is a microwave transmitting / receiving device, 4 is a partition plate, 8 is a cylindrical body, 9 is a purge gas pipe, and 10 is a shut-off valve. , 11 is a receiving antenna, and 12 is a radio wave absorber.
The microwave distance measuring device 2 fixed to the shaft furnace type pyrolysis melting furnace 1 is provided with a microwave transmitting / receiving device 3 for transmitting and receiving microwaves. The measuring device mounting seat is provided with a purge gas pipe 9 for blowing purge gas into the mounting seat 8 and a pressure gauge PI for displaying the pressure in the mounting seat 8. Between the microwave distance measuring device 2 and the melting furnace 1, a shut-off valve 10 for shutting off from the inside of the furnace is provided. When the microwave distance measuring device 2 is removed for maintenance or the like, the shutoff valve 10 is closed in advance to prevent the hot gas in the furnace from blowing out.

測定装置と炉内を仕切る仕切板４を設けることにより、炉内からの高温ガスの熱を遮断することができ、また、パージガス配管９から測定装置取付座に吹き込まれたパージガスは、仕切板４の多孔質部を通過して炉内側に流れるので、仕切板４の外表面の異物付着を防止することができる。 さらに、仕切板４を、障害波が受信用アンテナ１１内に極力入らない角度に傾けて設置する。
仕切板4は、筒状体８内の下方に一方向に傾斜して設置されており、この傾斜角度は、２０〜４０°が最もよく、仕切板によりマイクロ波が反射する反射波はこの角度により直接受信装置へ反射することはない。 By providing the partition plate 4 for partitioning the measuring device and the inside of the furnace, the heat of the hot gas from the inside of the furnace can be shut off, and the purge gas blown into the measuring device mounting seat from the purge gas pipe 9 is separated from the partition plate 4. Since it passes through the porous portion and flows to the inside of the furnace, it is possible to prevent foreign matter adhesion on the outer surface of the partition plate 4. Further, the partition plate 4 is installed at an angle at which the obstacle wave does not enter the receiving antenna 11 as much as possible.
The partition plate 4 is installed so as to incline in one direction below the cylindrical body 8. The tilt angle is best at 20 to 40 °, and the reflected wave reflected by the partition plate is at this angle. Does not reflect directly to the receiver.

また、筒状体８には電波吸収体１２を貼設している。
この電波吸収体１２は筒状体8内で、仕切板8と受信アンテナ11との間に張設している。電波吸収体１２は反射した電波を吸収するものであればよく、たとえば、一般に市販されているラバー材やフェライト材を採用することができる。
送受信装置3は筒状体8を介して溶解炉1の上部に設置している。筒状体8には受信用アンテナ１１を設置しており、送受信装置3により送信されたマイクロ波の反射波はこの受信アンテナ11によって受信する。そして、この筒状体8には受信用アンテナ11のほか、溶融炉1内の熱や粉塵の侵入防止する仕切板4が設置されている。この筒状体8に設置した仕切板4の傾斜角度が２０°以下では反射波が受信用アンテナ11に衝突して受信されてしまう。これを防止するため受信用アンテナ11と仕切板との間隔を大きくすればよいが、筒状体8が長くなり送受信装置と溶融炉内排気物の層高レベルまでの距離が長くなり、それだけ強いマイクロ波を発信しなればならなくなり、設備コストが大幅にアップする。仕切板4の傾斜角度が４０°以上では、筒状体８の長さが長くなり送受信装置と溶融炉内排気物の層高レベルまでの距離も長くなる。 In addition, a radio wave absorber 12 is attached to the cylindrical body 8.
The radio wave absorber 12 is stretched between the partition plate 8 and the receiving antenna 11 in the cylindrical body 8. The radio wave absorber 12 only needs to absorb the reflected radio wave, and for example, a commercially available rubber material or ferrite material can be used.
The transmission / reception device 3 is installed on the upper part of the melting furnace 1 through the cylindrical body 8. The cylindrical body 8 is provided with a receiving antenna 11, and the microwave reflected wave transmitted by the transmitting / receiving device 3 is received by the receiving antenna 11. In addition to the receiving antenna 11, the cylindrical body 8 is provided with a partition plate 4 for preventing heat and dust from entering the melting furnace 1. When the inclination angle of the partition plate 4 installed on the cylindrical body 8 is 20 ° or less, the reflected wave collides with the receiving antenna 11 and is received. In order to prevent this, the distance between the receiving antenna 11 and the partition plate may be increased, but the cylindrical body 8 becomes longer and the distance between the transmitter / receiver and the layer height level of the exhaust in the melting furnace becomes longer and stronger. It will be necessary to transmit microwaves, which will greatly increase the equipment cost. When the inclination angle of the partition plate 4 is 40 ° or more, the length of the cylindrical body 8 is increased, and the distance from the transmitting / receiving device to the layer height level of the exhaust in the melting furnace is also increased.

図1は本発明のマイクロ波式距離測定装置をシャフト式熱分解溶融炉に設置した状態を例示する図である。
図2に本発明のマイクロ波式距離測定装置の詳細図である。
図2において、シャフト式熱分解溶融炉1の上部の開口部に固定されるマイクロ波式距離測定装置2は筒状体8とこの筒状体8の上部に設置したマイクロ波送受信装置3とマイクロ波式距離測定装置2から発信されマイクロ波の反射波6を受信する受信用アンテナ11とシャフト式熱分解溶融炉内の熱およびダストが筒状体8内に侵入を防止する仕切板4と仕切板4の下部にはシャフト炉式熱分解溶融炉1とマイクロ波式距離測定装置2とを社団する遮断弁が設置され、筒状体8内には筒状体8内の冷却およびダトスパージ用のパージガス管が連結されている。筒状体8内に設置した仕切板4は一定方向に傾斜して設置しおり、傾斜させることでマイクロ波式距離測定装置2から発信されたマイクロ波が新規板によって反射しても受信用アンテナ11で受信することはない。 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the microwave distance measuring device of the present invention is installed in a shaft-type pyrolysis melting furnace.
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the microwave distance measuring device of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, the microwave distance measuring device 2 fixed to the upper opening of the shaft-type pyrolysis melting furnace 1 includes a cylindrical body 8, a microwave transmitting / receiving device 3 installed on the upper portion of the cylindrical body 8, and a microwave. A receiving antenna 11 that receives a microwave reflected wave 6 transmitted from the wave-type distance measuring device 2 and a partition plate 4 and a partition that prevent heat and dust in the shaft-type pyrolysis melting furnace from entering the cylindrical body 8 At the bottom of the plate 4 is installed a shut-off valve that incorporates the shaft furnace type pyrolysis melting furnace 1 and the microwave type distance measuring device 2, and the cylindrical body 8 is used for cooling and dust purge in the cylindrical body 8. A purge gas pipe is connected. The partition plate 4 installed in the cylindrical body 8 is installed so as to be inclined in a certain direction, and even if the microwave transmitted from the microwave distance measuring device 2 is reflected by the new plate, the receiving antenna 11 is inclined. Never received by.

図2では仕切板4の傾斜角度は２０°を採用したものである。筒状体8内で受信用アンテナ11と仕切板4の間には電波吸収体12を貼設している。この電波吸収体12を貼設することにより仕切板4で反射した反射波を吸収する。
マイクロ波送受信装置3により発信されたマイクロ波5は仕切板4を通過して溶融炉1内の廃棄物の層に衝突して反射波6となってマイクロ波式測定装置2の受信用アンテナ11により受信され、測定装置2により演算されて波形をモニタリングすることで波形の発生状況から廃棄物の層高レベルを測定する。大部分のマイクロ波は仕切板を通過して廃棄物の層高レベルに達して反射波6として反射するが、マイクロ波送受信装置2から発信されたマイクロ波のうちの一部が仕切板4に衝突した際、仕切板4により反射する。ここで反射した反射波は受信用アンテナ11で受信され、この部分の反射波の波形がモニタリングされて層高レベルの外乱となってしまう。
このため、筒状体8内に配置した仕切板4は傾斜させ、仕切板4で反射する反射波が直接受信アンテナで受信されないようにしている。また。反射波が筒状体8に衝突して再度反射しないように筒状体8の内面に電波吸収体12を貼設している。電波吸収体12は仕切板4の傾斜方向の半周部分に貼設してもよいが、全周に貼設することで一層電波吸収効果を高めることができる。 In FIG. 2, the inclination angle of the partition plate 4 is 20 °. A radio wave absorber 12 is pasted between the receiving antenna 11 and the partition plate 4 in the cylindrical body 8. By sticking the radio wave absorber 12, the reflected wave reflected by the partition plate 4 is absorbed.
The microwave 5 transmitted from the microwave transmitting / receiving device 3 passes through the partition plate 4 and collides with a waste layer in the melting furnace 1 to become a reflected wave 6, and the receiving antenna 11 of the microwave measuring device 2. The height of the waste layer is measured from the waveform generation state by monitoring the waveform. Most of the microwaves pass through the partition plate, reach the waste layer high level, and are reflected as the reflected wave 6, but some of the microwaves transmitted from the microwave transmitting / receiving device 2 are applied to the partition plate 4. When it collides, it is reflected by the partition plate 4. The reflected wave reflected here is received by the receiving antenna 11, and the waveform of the reflected wave in this portion is monitored, resulting in disturbance at a high layer level.
For this reason, the partition plate 4 arranged in the cylindrical body 8 is inclined so that the reflected wave reflected by the partition plate 4 is not directly received by the receiving antenna. Also. A radio wave absorber 12 is attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 8 so that the reflected wave collides with the cylindrical body 8 and is not reflected again. The radio wave absorber 12 may be affixed to a half-circumferential portion of the partition plate 4 in the inclined direction, but the radio wave absorption effect can be further enhanced by affixing it to the entire circumference.

本発明のマイクロ波式距離測定装置を廃棄物溶融炉に設置した状態を例示する図である。It is a figure which illustrates the state which installed the microwave type distance measuring device of the present invention in a waste melting furnace. 本発明によるマイクロ波式距離測定装置の断面図および平面図である。It is sectional drawing and the top view of the microwave type distance measuring device by this invention. 従来のマイクロ波式距離測定装置を廃棄物溶融炉に設置した状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which installed the conventional microwave type distance measuring apparatus in the waste melting furnace.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ シャフト炉式熱分解溶融炉
２ マイクロ波式距離測定装置
３ マイクロ波送受信装置
４ 仕切板
５ マイクロ波
６ 反射波
７ 受信波波形
８ 筒状体
９ パージガス管
１０ 遮断弁
１１ 受信用アンテナ
１２ 電波吸収体
１３ 廃棄物面からの反射波波形
１４ 障害波波形 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shaft furnace type pyrolysis melting furnace 2 Microwave type distance measuring device 3 Microwave transmitter / receiver 4 Partition plate 5 Microwave 6 Reflected wave 7 Received wave waveform 8 Tubular body 9 Purge gas pipe 10 Shut-off valve 11 Receiving antenna 12 Radio wave absorption Body 13 Reflected wave waveform from waste surface 14 Obstacle waveform

Claims (1)

容器内に堆積する内容物にマイクロ波を照射して、その反射波により前記内容物の層高レベルを測定するマイクロ波式距離測定装置であって、
前記容器内の上部に筒状体を配設し、該筒状体の上部にマイクロ波送受信装置を配設し、前記筒状体内の上方に受信アンテナを配置し、前記筒状体内の下方に仕切板を一方向に２０〜４０°傾斜させて配設して該仕切板による反射波を前記仕切板と前記受信アンテナとの間に反射させ、該仕切板により反射波が直接受信アンテナで受信されないようにし、前記筒状体内面で前記仕切板と前記受信アンテナとの間に、前記仕切板の傾斜方向の半周部分に電波吸収体を貼設することにより、前記筒状体内でマイクロ波送受信装置と仕切板との間で反射波が筒状体に衝突して再度反射しないようにしたことを特徴とするマイクロ波式距離測定装置。 A microwave distance measuring device that irradiates the contents deposited in the container with microwaves and measures the layer height level of the contents by the reflected waves,
A cylindrical body is disposed in the upper part of the container, a microwave transmitting / receiving device is disposed in the upper part of the cylindrical body, a receiving antenna is disposed in the upper part of the cylindrical body, and a lower part in the cylindrical body. The partition plate is disposed at an angle of 20 to 40 ° in one direction, and the reflected wave from the partition plate is reflected between the partition plate and the receiving antenna, and the reflected wave is directly received by the receiving antenna by the partition plate. The microwave is transmitted and received in the cylindrical body by attaching a radio wave absorber to the half-circumferential part of the inclined direction of the partition plate between the partition plate and the receiving antenna on the inner surface of the cylindrical body. A microwave distance measuring device characterized in that a reflected wave collides with a cylindrical body between the device and a partition plate and is not reflected again.
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JP4656121B2 (en) * 2007-10-19 2011-03-23 株式会社デンソー Radar device and holding member
JP4497190B2 (en) * 2007-10-19 2010-07-07 株式会社デンソー Radar device and holding member
JP2009156705A (en) * 2007-12-26 2009-07-16 Toyota Motor Corp Covering structure of in-vehicle radar device
JP6297258B2 (en) * 2013-01-10 2018-03-20 新日鐵住金株式会社 Microwave distance measuring device
JP2018040533A (en) * 2016-09-07 2018-03-15 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 Waste deposit layer height measuring device and method for waste gasification melting furnace, and waste gasification melting apparatus and method

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JP2000304233A (en) * 1999-04-21 2000-11-02 Nippon Steel Corp Device for measuring height of waste bed in waste melting furnace
JP2003218630A (en) * 2002-01-25 2003-07-31 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Antenna system

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