JP4496539B2 - Propulsion excavator and construction method - Google Patents

Propulsion excavator and construction method Download PDF

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JP4496539B2
JP4496539B2 JP2005142541A JP2005142541A JP4496539B2 JP 4496539 B2 JP4496539 B2 JP 4496539B2 JP 2005142541 A JP2005142541 A JP 2005142541A JP 2005142541 A JP2005142541 A JP 2005142541A JP 4496539 B2 JP4496539 B2 JP 4496539B2
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skin plate
propulsion
cutter head
pipe
equipment
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順 鶴元
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株式会社三井三池製作所
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Description

本発明は、推進しながら掘削刃を備えたカッターヘッドで掘削して地中に暗渠を築造する推進掘削機及び工法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a propulsion excavator and a construction method for excavating with a cutter head equipped with an excavating blade while propelling to build a culvert in the ground.

従来、先端に掘削刃を備えたカッターヘッドを備えた掘削機を発進立抗から推進させて地中に暗渠を築造する推進掘削機が知られており、この種の推進掘削機は、スキンプレートの前方開口部に隔壁が設けられ、その隔壁外に掘削刃を備えたカッターヘッドが突設され、スキンプレート内にカッターヘッドを回転させる駆動機器類と掘削された土砂や礫を排出する排土設備類が設置され、スキンプレートの後方部には推進管が取付けられる構成になっている。   Conventionally, there has been known a propulsion excavator that constructs a culvert in the ground by propelling an excavator having a cutter head with a cutting blade at the tip from a start-up resistance, and this kind of propulsion excavator is a skin plate. A partition wall is provided at the front opening of the slab, and a cutter head provided with a digging blade protrudes outside the partition wall, and driving equipment for rotating the cutter head in the skin plate and discharge of excavated earth and sand and gravel Equipment is installed, and a propulsion pipe is attached to the rear part of the skin plate.

そして、掘削を行う際には、スキンプレートの後方に推進管を取付け、圧送ホースにより切羽と隔壁間のカッターチャンバ内にカッターヘッドの回転を円滑にし、掘削土砂や礫を液化する泥水を供給し、駆動モータを主とする駆動機器類でカッターヘッドを回転させ、発進立坑の位置から掘削し、排土管を主とする排土設備類を通して掘削土砂や礫を排出し、後押ジャッキでスキンプレートの後方に推進管を漸次取付けて機体を推進させながら掘削し、地山に暗渠を築造している。   When excavating, a propulsion pipe is attached to the back of the skin plate, and the cutter head is smoothly rotated into the cutter chamber between the face and the bulkhead by a pressure feed hose, and muddy water that liquefies excavated sediment and gravel is supplied. Rotate the cutter head with drive equipment, mainly the drive motor, excavate from the position of the start shaft, discharge the excavated sediment and gravel through the earth discharge equipment, mainly the discharge pipe, and skin plate with the push jack A propulsion pipe is gradually attached to the rear of the excavation and excavated while propelling the aircraft, and a culvert is built in the natural ground.

従来、かかる推進掘削機は、スキンプレートの径と推進管の径が略同径となるようにして既設構造物(例えば、掘削出口の到達立坑)に到達した際に、スキンプレート内の着脱可能な駆動機器類及び排土施設類を撤去し、推進管と同径のスキンプレートを覆工材として用いて暗渠を築造している(例えば、特許第3380737号公報の図9〜12)。   Conventionally, such a propulsion excavator can be attached to and detached from the skin plate when it reaches an existing structure (for example, a vertical shaft at the excavation outlet) so that the diameter of the skin plate and the diameter of the propulsion pipe are substantially the same. Driving machinery and soil removal facilities are removed, and a culvert is built using a skin plate having the same diameter as the propelling pipe as a lining material (for example, FIGS. 9 to 12 of Japanese Patent No. 3380737).

しかしながら、スキンプレートを推進管の径と略同径にすると、スキンプレートの径が小さく高出力の駆動機器類や大口径の排土設備類の設置ができ難く能率的な作業が行われず、限定された地山しか掘削できない。また掘削到達部分は一般的に崩れ易く軟弱であり、高強度の暗渠が得難い。
特許第3380737号公報
However, if the skin plate is made approximately the same diameter as the propulsion pipe, it is difficult to install high-power drive equipment or large-diameter earth removal equipment because the skin plate diameter is small, and efficient work is not performed. Only excavated ground can be excavated. In addition, the excavation reaching portion is generally easy to collapse and is soft, and it is difficult to obtain a high-strength underdrain.
Japanese Patent No. 3380737

本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決しようとするものであり、作業の能率向上が図れ、以前不可能とされた地山の掘削を可能にし、高強度の暗渠が得られ、また隔壁、カッターヘッド、駆動機器類及び排出施設類の撤去が容易で、かつ再利用ができる推進掘削機及び工法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, can improve work efficiency, enable excavation of a previously impossible ground, obtain a high-strength culvert, and provide a partition wall. It is an object of the present invention to provide a propulsion excavator and a construction method that can be easily removed and reused, such as cutter heads, drive devices, and discharge facilities.

本発明である推進掘削機は、スキンプレートの前方開口部に隔壁が設けられ、該隔壁外にはカッターヘッドが突設され、スキンプレート内にはカッターヘッドを回転させる駆動機器類と掘削された土砂や礫を排出する排土設備類が設置され、スキンプレートの後方部には推進管が取付けられる推進掘削機において、前記スキンプレートの内径が推進管外径よりも大きく、前記隔壁及びカッターヘッドが要素毎に分解可能に設けられ、スキンプレート内には駆動機器類と排土設備類が着脱可能に設置されていることを特徴する。   In the propulsion excavator according to the present invention, a partition wall is provided at the front opening of the skin plate, a cutter head protrudes from the partition wall, and the skin plate is excavated with driving devices for rotating the cutter head. In a propulsion excavator in which earth removal equipment for discharging earth and sand and gravel is installed and a propelling pipe is attached to the rear part of the skin plate, the inner diameter of the skin plate is larger than the outer diameter of the propelling pipe, and the bulkhead and the cutter head Is provided so that it can be disassembled for each element, and in the skin plate, drive devices and soil removal equipment are detachably installed.

また、前記推進掘削機においてスキンプレートと推進管が、ヒューム管からなると好ましい。   In the propulsion excavator, the skin plate and the propulsion pipe are preferably made of a fume pipe.

更に、本発明である眼推進掘削工法は、スキンプレートの前方開口部に隔壁が設けられ、該隔壁外にはカッターヘッドが突設され、スキンプレート内にはカッターヘッドを回転させる駆動機器類と掘削された土砂や礫を排出する排土設備類が設置され、スキンプレートの後方部には推進管が取付けられる推進掘削工法において、前記スキンプレートの内径を推進管外径よりも大きくし、前記隔壁及びカッターヘッドを要素毎に分解可能に設け、スキンプレート内に駆動機器類及び排土設備類を着脱可能に設置し、掘削後に隔壁、カッターヘッド、駆動機器類及び排土設備類を撤去し、空洞になったスキンプレート内に推進管を挿入してスキンプレートと推進管の間に充填材を充填することを特徴とする。   Further, according to the eye propulsion excavation method of the present invention, a partition wall is provided at the front opening of the skin plate, a cutter head projects from the partition wall, and drive devices for rotating the cutter head inside the skin plate are provided. In the propulsion excavation method in which earth removal equipment for discharging excavated earth and sand and gravel is installed and a propelling pipe is attached to the rear part of the skin plate, the inner diameter of the skin plate is made larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe, A partition wall and cutter head can be disassembled for each element, and the driving equipment and earthing equipment are detachably installed in the skin plate. After excavation, the bulkhead, cutter head, driving equipment and earthing equipment are removed. The propulsion pipe is inserted into the hollow skin plate, and a filler is filled between the skin plate and the propulsion pipe.

加えて、本発明である眼推進掘削工法は、スキンプレートと推進管が、ヒューム管からなる場合は更に好ましい。。   In addition, the eye propulsion excavation method according to the present invention is more preferable when the skin plate and the propulsion tube are made of a fume tube. .

請求項1の発明によれば、スキンプレートが推進管の外径よりも大きいので、高出力の駆動機器や大口径の排土施設の設置が可能となる。つまり、スキンプレートの内径が大きければ、出力の大きな駆動機器類と口径の大きな排土施設類の設置が可能になって、大容量のこれらの機器や設備によって作業の能率が向上し、また従前は不可能とされた地山の掘削も可能になる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the skin plate is larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe, it is possible to install a high-power driving device or a large-diameter earth removal facility. In other words, if the inner diameter of the skin plate is large, it will be possible to install driving equipment with a large output and earthing facilities with a large diameter, and these large capacity equipment and facilities will improve work efficiency. It will also be possible to excavate ground that was impossible.

また、隔壁及びカッターヘッドが要素毎分解可能で、かつ駆動機器類及び排土設備類が着脱可能であることから、掘削後、隔壁、カッターヘッド、駆動機器類及び排土設備類が容易に撤去できる一方、再利用に寄与される。   In addition, because the bulkhead and cutter head can be disassembled element by piece, and the drive equipment and soil removal equipment can be attached and detached, the partition wall, cutter head, drive equipment and soil removal equipment can be easily removed after excavation. On the other hand, it contributes to reuse.

請求項2の発明によれば、スキンプレートと推進管が比較的安価なヒューム管、即ち遠心力鉄筋コンクリート管からなるので、廉価なものとなる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, the skin plate and the propulsion pipe are made of a relatively inexpensive fume pipe, that is, a centrifugal reinforced concrete pipe.

請求項3の発明によれば、掘削後に、要素毎に分解可能な隔壁,カッターヘッド、着脱可能な駆動機器類及び排土設備類を分解又は取外し撤去して空洞になったスキンプレートに推進管を挿入することによって、到達部分がスキンプレートと推進管からなる二重の覆工材で覆われることになるので、強構造の暗渠が得られる。つまり、到達部分が二重覆工構造になることから、高強度の暗渠になる。   According to the invention of claim 3, after excavation, the partition wall, the cutter head, the detachable drive device and the soil removal equipment which can be disassembled for each element are disassembled or removed and removed, and the propellant pipe is attached to the hollow skin plate. Since the reaching part is covered with the double lining material composed of the skin plate and the propelling pipe, the undercut of a strong structure is obtained. That is, since the reaching portion has a double lining structure, it becomes a high-strength underdrain.

また、隔壁及びカッターヘッドが分解可能であり、また駆動機器類及び排土設備類が着脱可能になっているので、掘削後の隔壁、カッターヘッド、駆動機器類や排出施設類の撤去が容易になり、かつこれらの部材や機器類、設備類の再利用が可能となる。従って撤去作業の能率が向上し、また機器類や設備類の有効利用が図られる。   In addition, the bulkhead and cutter head can be disassembled, and the drive equipment and soil removal equipment are detachable, making it easy to remove the bulkhead, cutter head, drive equipment and discharge facilities after excavation. In addition, these members, equipment, and facilities can be reused. Therefore, the efficiency of the removal work is improved, and the equipment and facilities are effectively used.

請求項4の発明によれば、スキンプレートと推進管がヒューム管(遠心力鉄筋コンクリート管)からなるので、廉価な工法となる。   According to the invention of claim 4, since the skin plate and the propulsion pipe are made of a fume pipe (centrifugal reinforced concrete pipe), it is an inexpensive construction method.

以下、図面に示した本発明の実施の形態について、説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.

図1および図2は、本発明の一実施の形態に係る推進掘削機の断面図および正面図を示すものであり、推進掘削機1は、円筒外殻鋼板からなるスキンプレート2の前方開口部3に内外を隔てる隔壁4が設けられ、その隔壁4外、即ちスキンプレート2の前方外側にはカッターヘッド5が突出して設けられている。   1 and 2 show a sectional view and a front view of a propulsion excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. The propulsion excavator 1 is a front opening of a skin plate 2 made of a cylindrical outer shell steel plate. 3 is provided with a partition wall 4 separating the inside and the outside, and a cutter head 5 is provided so as to protrude outside the partition wall 4, that is, outside the front of the skin plate 2.

一方、スキンプレート2の内側には、カッターヘッド5を駆動する駆動機器類6と掘削された土砂や礫を排出する排土設備類7が設置されている。上記のカッターヘッド5及び隔壁4は、スキンプレート2の前方開口部3に設けられるが、掘削後、カッター中心部分,カッターアーム部等のように要素毎に分解可能になるよう設置されている。   On the other hand, on the inner side of the skin plate 2, there are installed drive devices 6 for driving the cutter head 5 and soil removal equipment 7 for discharging excavated earth and sand and gravel. The cutter head 5 and the partition wall 4 are provided in the front opening 3 of the skin plate 2, but are installed so as to be disassembled for each element such as a cutter center portion and a cutter arm portion after excavation.

また、カッターヘッド5は切削刃8を備えたもので、隔壁4に設けられた駆動軸9に支持されている。駆動機器類6は、駆動軸9に係合するギヤボックス10と減速機11と駆動モータ12からなり、その駆動モータ12の駆動によってカッターヘッド5は回転される。排土設備類7は、隔壁4に形成された排出口4bに接続された排土管13とその後方に設けられた排泥タンク14からなり、カッターヘッド5で掘削した土砂や礫を排出している。駆動機器類6と排土設備類7は、例えばインサートナットを取付けたリングを介してボルト締で着脱可能に設置されている。   The cutter head 5 includes a cutting blade 8 and is supported by a drive shaft 9 provided on the partition wall 4. The drive equipment 6 includes a gear box 10 that engages with a drive shaft 9, a reduction gear 11, and a drive motor 12, and the cutter head 5 is rotated by the drive of the drive motor 12. The soil removal equipment 7 is composed of a soil discharge pipe 13 connected to a discharge port 4b formed in the partition wall 4 and a waste mud tank 14 provided at the rear thereof. The soil discharge equipment 7 discharges soil and gravel excavated by the cutter head 5. Yes. The drive equipment 6 and the soil removal equipment 7 are installed so as to be detachable by bolting via a ring to which an insert nut is attached, for example.

更に、隔壁4には送入口4aが形成され、その送入口4aには、図示しないが圧送ホースが接続されて、切羽と隔壁4間のカッターチャンバ内にカッターヘッド5の回転を円滑にし、掘削土砂や礫を液化する泥水を供給して、カッターヘッド5の回転を円滑にすると共に掘削土砂や礫を液化している。図において17は、掘削方向を変え、又2分されたスキンプレート2を結合している連結ジャッキである。   Further, a feed port 4a is formed in the partition wall 4, and a pressure feed hose (not shown) is connected to the feed port 4a to smoothly rotate the cutter head 5 in the cutter chamber between the face and the partition wall 4, thereby excavating. Muddy water that liquefies earth and sand and gravel is supplied to facilitate rotation of the cutter head 5 and to liquefy excavated earth and sand and gravel. In the figure, reference numeral 17 denotes a connection jack that changes the excavation direction and connects the skin plates 2 divided into two.

地山を掘削する際には、まず発進用の立坑を構築して推進掘削機1を坑内に設置し、スキンプレート2の後方にヒューム管からなる推進管15を取付けて後押ジャッキ(図示せず)で後方から押し、駆動モータ12を駆動させて、その駆動によってカッターヘッド5を回転させ、圧送ホースにより切羽と隔壁4間のカッターチャンバ内に泥水を供給し、発進立坑の位置から掘削し、排土管13を通して掘削土砂や礫を排出し、スキンプレート2の後方に備えた後押ジャッキで推進管15を漸次取付けて機体を推進させながら掘削し、地山に暗渠を築造する。   When excavating a natural ground, a starting shaft is first constructed, the propulsion excavator 1 is installed in the pit, a propulsion pipe 15 made of a fume pipe is attached to the rear of the skin plate 2, and a push jack (not shown) 2), the drive motor 12 is driven, the cutter head 5 is rotated by the drive, muddy water is supplied into the cutter chamber between the face and the bulkhead 4 by the pressure feed hose, and excavated from the position of the starting shaft. Then, the excavated soil and gravel are discharged through the earth discharge pipe 13, and the propulsion pipe 15 is gradually attached with a push jack provided at the rear of the skin plate 2, and excavated while propelling the airframe to build a culvert in the natural ground.

図3は、掘削後にカッターヘッド、隔壁、駆動機器類及び排土設備類の撤去手順を示した説明図であり、既設構造物(人孔やシールド等)到達した際には、図3(a)のように、まず既設構造物Aの内壁面に坑口リング16を取付けてカッターヘッド5を突出させる。次に、突出したカッターヘッド5の止水処理を完全に行った後に、図3(b)のようにスキンプレート2内の駆動機器類6及び排土設備類7は取外して撤去し、またカッターヘッド5及び隔壁4を分解し撤去する。その後、図3(c)のように撤去されたスキンプレート5内に推進管15を挿入し、スキンプレート2と推進管15間に充填材を充填させて推進管15を固定する。このようにして、地山Bに暗渠を築造する。   FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the procedure for removing the cutter head, partition wall, drive equipment and earthing equipment after excavation. When the existing structure (human hole, shield, etc.) is reached, FIG. First, the wellhead ring 16 is attached to the inner wall surface of the existing structure A and the cutter head 5 is projected. Next, after the protruding cutter head 5 has been completely stopped, the drive devices 6 and the soil removal equipment 7 in the skin plate 2 are removed and removed as shown in FIG. The head 5 and the partition wall 4 are disassembled and removed. Thereafter, the propelling tube 15 is inserted into the removed skin plate 5 as shown in FIG. 3C, and a filling material is filled between the skin plate 2 and the propelling tube 15 to fix the propelling tube 15. In this way, a culvert is built on the natural ground B.

この推進掘削工法の採用によって、掘削作業の能率が向上し、また以前不可能とされた地山の掘削が可能となり、加えて高強度の暗渠が得られる。   By adopting this propulsion excavation method, the efficiency of the excavation work is improved, and it becomes possible to excavate the ground which was previously impossible, and in addition, a high-strength underdrain is obtained.

また、掘削後の隔壁4、カッターヘッド5、駆動機器類6及び排出施設類7の撤去が容易であり、撤去後に点検,整備を行うことによって再利用に寄与できる。   Moreover, the removal of the partition wall 4, the cutter head 5, the drive device 6 and the discharge facility 7 after excavation is easy, and it can contribute to reuse by performing inspection and maintenance after the removal.

前記実施の形態は、スキンプレート2が外殻鋼板で構成されているが、推進管15と同様にヒューム管、即ち遠心力鉄筋コンクリート管にしてもよい。スキンプレート2及び推進管15をヒューム管にすれば、廉価な掘削機が得られ、また安価な掘削工法になる。   In the above-described embodiment, the skin plate 2 is composed of the outer shell steel plate. However, like the propulsion pipe 15, a fume pipe, that is, a centrifugal reinforced concrete pipe may be used. If the skin plate 2 and the propulsion pipe 15 are made of fume pipes, an inexpensive excavator can be obtained and an inexpensive excavation method can be obtained.

尚、本発明は、複数のスキンプレート2を用い、且つ屈曲可能に接続して構成することにより、超長距離掘削が行われ、また急曲線施工も可能となる。   In the present invention, by using a plurality of skin plates 2 and being connected so as to be bendable, ultra-long distance excavation is performed, and sharp curve construction is also possible.

本発明の一実施の形態に係る推進掘削機の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the propulsion excavator which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. 図1の正面図である。It is a front view of FIG. 掘削後のカッターヘッド、隔壁、駆動機器類及び排土設備類の撤去手順を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the removal procedure of the cutter head after a digging, a partition, a drive device, and earth removal equipment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 推進掘削機、2 スキンプレート、3 前方開口部、4 隔壁、5 カッターヘッド、6 駆動機器類、7 排土設備類、15 推進管。

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Propulsion excavator, 2 Skin plate, 3 Front opening part, 4 Bulkhead, 5 Cutter head, 6 Driving equipment, 7 Earth removal equipment, 15 Propulsion pipe.

Claims (4)

スキンプレートの前方開口部に隔壁が設けられ、該隔壁外にはカッターヘッドが突設され、スキンプレート内にはカッターヘッドを回転させる駆動機器類と掘削された土砂や礫を排出する排土設備類が設置され、スキンプレートの後方部には推進管が取付けられる推進掘削機において、前記スキンプレートの内径が推進管外径よりも大きく、前記隔壁及びカッターヘッドが要素毎に分解可能に設けられ、スキンプレート内には駆動機器類及び排土設備類が着脱可能に設置されていることを特徴する推進掘削機。   A partition is provided at the front opening of the skin plate, and a cutter head protrudes outside the partition. Drive equipment for rotating the cutter head and a soil discharge facility for discharging excavated earth and sand and gravel are provided in the skin plate. In a propulsion excavator in which a propulsion pipe is attached to the rear part of the skin plate, the inner diameter of the skin plate is larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe, and the partition wall and the cutter head are provided to be disassembled for each element. A propulsion excavator characterized in that drive devices and soil removal equipment are detachably installed in the skin plate. 前記スキンプレートと推進管は、ヒューム管からなる請求項1記載の推進掘削機。   The propulsion excavator according to claim 1, wherein the skin plate and the propulsion pipe are made of a fume pipe. スキンプレートの前方開口部に隔壁が設けられ、該隔壁外にはカッターヘッドが突設され、スキンプレート内にはカッターヘッドを回転させる駆動機器類と掘削された土砂や礫を排出する排土設備類が設置され、スキンプレートの後方部には推進管が取付けられる推進掘削工法において、前記スキンプレートの内径を推進管外径よりも大きくし、前記隔壁及びカッターヘッドを要素毎に分解可能に設け、スキンプレート内に駆動機器類及び排土設備類を着脱可能に設置し、掘削後に隔壁、カッターヘッド、駆動機器類及び排土設備類を撤去し、空洞になったスキンプレート内に推進管を挿入してスキンプレートと推進管の間に充填材を充填することを特徴とする推進掘削工法。   A partition is provided at the front opening of the skin plate, and a cutter head protrudes outside the partition. Drive equipment for rotating the cutter head and a soil discharge facility for discharging excavated earth and sand and gravel are provided in the skin plate. In a propulsion excavation method in which a propelling pipe is attached to the rear part of the skin plate, the inner diameter of the skin plate is made larger than the outer diameter of the propelling pipe, and the partition wall and the cutter head are provided so as to be disassembled for each element. Install drive equipment and soil removal equipment in the skin plate in a removable manner. After excavation, remove the bulkhead, cutter head, drive equipment and soil removal equipment, and place the propelling pipe in the hollow skin plate. A propulsion excavation method characterized by being inserted and filled with a filler between the skin plate and the propulsion pipe. 前記スキンプレートと推進管は、ヒューム管からなる請求項3記載の推進掘削工法。
The propulsion excavation method according to claim 3, wherein the skin plate and the propulsion pipe are made of a fume pipe.
JP2005142541A 2005-05-16 2005-05-16 Propulsion excavator and construction method Expired - Fee Related JP4496539B2 (en)

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