JP4477856B2 - 無機保護膜を有するセパレータ及びこれを採用したリチウム電池 - Google Patents
無機保護膜を有するセパレータ及びこれを採用したリチウム電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4477856B2 JP4477856B2 JP2003373605A JP2003373605A JP4477856B2 JP 4477856 B2 JP4477856 B2 JP 4477856B2 JP 2003373605 A JP2003373605 A JP 2003373605A JP 2003373605 A JP2003373605 A JP 2003373605A JP 4477856 B2 JP4477856 B2 JP 4477856B2
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
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- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
1)リチウム金属(メタル)層をセパレータ上に蒸着する段階と、
2)前記リチウム金属が蒸着されたセパレータをN2、SO2、CO2またはO2と接触させて無機保護膜を形成する段階とを含む方法を例とすることができる。
アセトニトリル溶液に67.5質量%単体硫黄、ケッチェンブラック11.4質量%、ポリ(エチレンオキシド)21.1質量%を混合した後、均一な状態になるまで混合した。得られたスラリーをカーボン塗布されたアルミニウム集電体上にキャスティングした後、アセトニトリルを乾燥させて圧延した。この時、単位面積当りエネルギー密度は1.1mAh/cm2にしてカソードを製造した。
アノードとして20μmのリチウムを銅フォイルに蒸着して使用した。
電解液に使われる有機溶媒はメトキシエタン/ジグリム/ジオキソラン=4/4/2(体積比)のものを使用し、リチウム塩としては1.15M LiCF3SO3を使用した。
25μm厚さのポリプロピレンセパレータを40℃の真空オーブンで1日以上乾燥させて使用した。リチウムメタルが装着されたモリブデンボートをチャンバに入れて10−6torrまで減圧して熱蒸着した。厚さ調節は厚さモニターを使用し、蒸着厚さは5000Åにした。リチウムメタル蒸着が完了した後、窒素を圧力が10Torrになるまでチャンバ内に注入した。窒素注入直後から厚さモニター上の重量が増加し始めるが、これは窒素とリチウムとが反応してLi3Nが形成されたことを意味する。厚さモニター上でこれ以上の重量増加が観察されない時点で、1分程度さらに反応させた後、セパレータ/Li3Nをチャンバから取り出して表面を肉眼観察すれば赤色のLi3Nが均一に形成されていることが確認できた。あらかじめ製造したカソード、アノード、電解液及び前記セパレータ/Li3Nを使用してセルを製造した。
直径4インチのLi3PO4をターゲットとして窒素雰囲気、5mTorr、200W RF Power下で2時間25μm厚さのポリプロピレンセパレータ上に蒸着して、2000Å厚さの燐オキシナイトライドリチウム(LiPON)を形成した。このように形成されたセパレータ/LiPONを使用したことを除いては実施例1と同じ方法でセルを製造した。
セパレータ/Li3Nの代りにポリプロピレンセパレータを使用したことを除いては実施例1と同一にしてセルを製造した。
前記実施例1と2及び比較例で製造したセルを使用して自己放電抑制効果を観察した。セルの充放電条件は、充電は0.2C、容量の120%まで、放電は0.1Cとして1.5Vまで行った。
3 カソード活物質層、
5 セパレータ、
7 アノード活物質層、
9 無機保護膜。
Claims (4)
- (1)カソード、アノード及び前記カソードとアノード間に介在されるセパレータを含むリチウム電池において、
前記セパレータが、ポリエチレンセパレータ、ポリプロピレンセパレータ、ポリエチレン/ポリプロピレン2層セパレータ、ポリエチレン/ポリプロピレン/ポリエチレン3層セパレータ、ポリプロピレン/ポリエチレン/ポリプロピレン3層セパレータまたはガラス繊維フィルタペーパーであり、
前記セパレータの少なくとも一面上に無機保護膜が形成されていることを特徴とするリチウム電池;
(2)前記無機保護膜が、リチウムイオン伝導性を有する単一イオンコンダクティングガラスであることを特徴とする上記(1)に記載のリチウム電池;
(3)前記無機保護膜が、窒化リチウムであることを特徴とする上記(1)または(2)に記載のリチウム電池;
(4)前記無機保護膜の厚さが、0.01ないし5μmであることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(3)のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム電池;
からなる上記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載のリチウム電池に用いられてなるセパレータの無機保護膜形成方法であって、
前記セパレータ上にリチウム金属を蒸着する段階と、
前記リチウム金属が蒸着されたセパレータをN2、SO2、CO2またはO2と接触させて無機保護膜を形成する段階と、を含むことを特徴とするセパレータの無機保護膜形成方法。 - 前記無機保護膜が、リチウムイオン伝導性を有する単一イオンコンダクティングガラスであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセパレータの無機保護膜形成方法。
- 前記無機保護膜が、窒化リチウムであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のセパレータの無機保護膜形成方法。
- 前記無機保護膜の厚さが、0.01ないし5μmであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のセパレータの無機保護膜形成方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR10-2002-0067680A KR100467705B1 (ko) | 2002-11-02 | 2002-11-02 | 무기 보호막을 갖는 세퍼레이타 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2004158453A JP2004158453A (ja) | 2004-06-03 |
JP4477856B2 true JP4477856B2 (ja) | 2010-06-09 |
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JP2003373605A Expired - Fee Related JP4477856B2 (ja) | 2002-11-02 | 2003-10-31 | 無機保護膜を有するセパレータ及びこれを採用したリチウム電池 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7175937B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4477856B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100467705B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100423325C (ja) |
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US20040106037A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
US7175937B2 (en) | 2007-02-13 |
KR100467705B1 (ko) | 2005-01-24 |
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