JP4473759B2 - Groove cover - Google Patents
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- JP4473759B2 JP4473759B2 JP2005089444A JP2005089444A JP4473759B2 JP 4473759 B2 JP4473759 B2 JP 4473759B2 JP 2005089444 A JP2005089444 A JP 2005089444A JP 2005089444 A JP2005089444 A JP 2005089444A JP 4473759 B2 JP4473759 B2 JP 4473759B2
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Description
本発明は、道路の側溝、横断溝などのU字溝等に設けられる溝蓋に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a groove cover provided in a U-shaped groove such as a side groove or a transverse groove on a road.
従来、道路の側溝などのU字溝を覆蓋する溝蓋は、コンクリート製のほか、鋼板などを短冊状に切断し組み立てたグレーチングや、透孔を設けた鋳鉄製蓋板が使用されている。
本発明者及び本出願人は、ガタツキの少ない鋳鉄製の三角形状の三点支持の溝蓋を開発し、改良して提案してきた。
例えば、特許文献1(特開平09−328807号公報「U字溝ブロック連結用の溝蓋」)、特許文献2(特開平10−102571号公報「溝蓋」)、特許文献3(特開平11−336173号公報「溝蓋」)などに開示された発明をあげることができる。
これらの溝蓋は、一般に1000mmを単位に設計、製作され、主溝蓋が連設され、その両端部に副溝蓋が配設されるよう構成されるが、2000mm又はそれ以上に設計する場合も同様に主溝蓋を連設した後、両端部に副溝蓋が配設されるので、主溝蓋は二等辺三角形状とし、副溝蓋は主溝蓋の2分の1の直角三角形状となるよう設計、製作されるを基本とし、また、連設したとき個々の溝蓋が単独で取外し出来ないように隣位する溝蓋の蓋板裏面に係止片を翼状に突設するなどし、溝蓋を持上げると持上げた溝蓋の係止片が隣位する溝蓋の蓋板裏面に係止するように構成してきた。
特許文献4(特開2003−129556号公報「三点支持式の溝蓋」)には、副溝蓋である直角三角形の斜辺を長くし、それに隣接する主溝蓋は斜辺も同様に長くした不等辺三角形とした主溝蓋として、端部の安定性を向上させてガタツキ解消を図った三点支持式の溝蓋を提案した。特許文献5(特開2002−206273号公報「溝蓋」)には、溝蓋とU字溝をボルトで連結して隙間やガタツキが発生することを防止した発明を開示した。
Conventionally, as a groove cover for covering a U-shaped groove such as a side groove of a road, a grating made by cutting and assembling a steel plate or the like into a strip shape and a cast iron cover plate provided with a through hole are used.
The present inventor and the present applicant have developed, improved and proposed a triangular three-point support groove lid made of cast iron with little backlash.
For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-328807, “Groove cover for U-shaped groove block connection”), Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-102571, “Groove cover”), Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 11). -336173 gazette "groove lid") and the like.
These groove lids are generally designed and manufactured in units of 1000 mm, and are configured so that the main groove lids are connected to each other and the sub-groove lids are arranged at both ends thereof. However, when designing to 2000 mm or more In the same way, after the main groove cover is continuously provided, the secondary groove cover is disposed at both ends, so the main groove cover has an isosceles triangle shape, and the secondary groove cover is a right triangle that is a half of the main groove cover. Designed and manufactured to have a shape, and a locking piece is projected in the shape of a wing on the back of the lid plate of the adjacent groove lid so that the individual groove lids cannot be removed individually when they are connected. For example, when the groove lid is lifted, the latched piece of the lifted groove lid is locked to the back surface of the adjacent lid plate of the groove lid.
In Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-129556 “Three-point support type groove cover”), the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle that is the sub-groove cover is lengthened, and the main groove cover adjacent thereto is also made the length of the hypotenuse in the same way. We proposed a three-point support-type groove lid that improves the stability of the end and eliminates rattling as the main groove lid with an irregular triangle. Patent Document 5 (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-206273 “Groove Cover”) discloses an invention in which a groove cover and a U-shaped groove are connected with a bolt to prevent a gap or a backlash from occurring.
これらの従来提案した鋳鉄製の三点支持式の溝蓋の例を図5に示す。二等辺三角形状をなし各頂部より脚片300を垂設した主溝蓋100と、該主溝蓋100の等しい2辺の交点より底辺への垂線により左右に2分割した直角三角形状をなし各頂部より脚片300を垂設した副溝蓋200(即ち、主溝蓋の底辺を2分の1に相当する長さを底辺とした主溝蓋のほぼ半分の大きさの直角三角形)により構成されている。表面には排水用の透孔400が形成されている。この鋳鉄製の三点支持式の溝蓋は、3脚が常に設置した安定性姿勢を保ち、通常は脚の浮き上がりによるガタツキは発生せず信頼性が高い溝蓋である。
また、この例では三角形状の溝蓋の裏面には図5に示す係止片500が突設されており、複数の主溝蓋100を連接し、その両端に副溝蓋200が配設された状態で設置して、図6に示すように一定長の蓋を構成する。溝蓋を持上げると持上げた溝蓋の係止片500が隣位する溝蓋の裏面の湾曲部に係止して、溝蓋相互を連接してみだりに浮き上がり、外れてしまうことを防止するように構成されている。
Examples of these conventionally proposed cast iron three-point support type groove covers are shown in FIG. A main groove lid 100 having an isosceles triangle shape and a leg piece 300 suspended from the top, and a right triangle shape divided into right and left by a perpendicular line from the intersection of two equal sides of the main groove lid 100 to each side Consists of sub-groove lid 200 with leg pieces 300 suspended from the top (that is, a right-angled triangle that is approximately half the size of the main groove lid, with the bottom of the main groove lid being the length corresponding to one half). Has been. A drainage through hole 400 is formed on the surface. This cast iron three-point support type groove cover is a highly reliable groove cover that maintains a stable posture in which the three legs are always installed and does not normally cause rattling due to the lifting of the legs.
Further, in this example, a locking piece 500 shown in FIG. 5 is projected on the back surface of the triangular groove lid, and a plurality of main groove lids 100 are connected, and sub-groove lids 200 are disposed at both ends thereof. In this state, a fixed-length lid is formed as shown in FIG. When the groove cover is lifted, the raised groove cover engagement piece 500 is locked to the curved portion on the rear surface of the adjacent groove cover, and the groove cover is connected to each other so as to prevent the groove cover from floating and coming off. It is configured.
また、鋳鉄製の三点支持式の溝蓋は溝蓋を連設した場合、夏季など気温の上昇に伴う溝蓋の膨張を考慮し、1000mmにつき995〜997mmと僅か短かくなるように設計し、膨張しても浮上ることのないよう製作されるので、冬季気温が下り溝蓋が収縮したとき、車両等の通過により両端に位置する副溝蓋を受枠に固定してあっても、主溝蓋と副溝蓋間又は主溝蓋間に隙間が生じることがあり、その対策が望まれている。 In addition, the cast iron three-point support type groove cover is designed to be slightly shorter as 995 to 997 mm per 1000 mm in consideration of the expansion of the groove cover with the rise in temperature such as summer when the groove cover is continuously provided. Because it is manufactured so that it does not float even if it expands, even if the secondary groove lids positioned at both ends are fixed to the receiving frame by passing the vehicle etc. There may be a gap between the groove lid and the sub-groove lid or between the main groove lid, and countermeasures are desired.
前記した突設片による溝蓋同士の係止構造は途中の1枚を取り外すことができず、溝蓋をU字溝に設置する際や、保守点検、修理交換或いは清掃の際に、溝蓋を取り外す場合、端から順に解体分離する必要がある。これは、相互の係止によって、1枚が力を受けても全体で浮き上がり等の異常を防止するには効果を発揮するものである。しかし、透孔から車のキー等を落とした場合には、簡単に拾い上げることができない問題も抱えている。
本発明は、隣接溝蓋同士の連結性を保ちつつ、途中の溝蓋1枚をU字溝などの受け枠から取り外すことができる溝蓋を開発し提供することを課題とする。
The locking structure between the groove lids by the protruding pieces described above cannot remove one piece in the middle, and when installing the groove lid in the U-shaped groove, maintenance inspection, repair replacement or cleaning, the groove lid When removing, it is necessary to disassemble and separate in order from the end. This is effective for preventing abnormalities such as lifting even if one sheet receives force due to mutual locking. However, when a car key or the like is dropped from the through hole, there is a problem that it cannot be picked up easily.
This invention makes it a subject to develop and provide the groove cover which can remove one groove cover in the middle from receiving frames, such as a U-shaped groove, maintaining the connectivity of adjacent groove covers.
鉤状の突出片とその鉤状の突出片を受け入れる鉤状の凹部空間を設けて、隙間が空かずに安定した相互係合が保持できる溝蓋を提供するものである。 The present invention provides a gutter-like projecting piece and a gutter-like recessed space for receiving the gutter-like projecting piece to provide a groove lid that can maintain stable mutual engagement without a gap.
本発明の主な構成は次のとおりである。
(1)溝蓋において、隣接する溝蓋同士を係合する辺に、鉤形状の係合突出部と該鉤形状の突出部を受容する鉤形状の凹部を設けたことを特徴とする溝蓋。
(2)溝蓋が、三角形状であることを特徴とする(1)記載の溝蓋。
(3)鉤形状の係合突出部と鉤形状の凹部の係合接触面が共に垂直壁面部を有していることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)記載の溝蓋。
(4)隣接する溝蓋同士を係合する辺が、辺の全長又は一部に垂直壁面部を有していることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の溝蓋。
(5)垂直壁面部が、20〜75mmの高さであることを特徴とする(3)又は(4)記載の溝蓋。
(6)三角形状の溝蓋が、2等辺三角形状の主溝蓋と、底辺が該主溝蓋の底辺の半分に相当する副溝蓋であることを特徴とする(2)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の溝蓋。
(7)主溝蓋が複数枚と副溝蓋が2枚からモジュールを構成する(6)記載の溝蓋。
(8)溝蓋が、鋳鉄製であることを特徴とする(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の溝蓋。
(9)三角形状の各頂点部に支持脚を設けたことを特徴とする(2)〜(8)のいずれかに記載の溝蓋。
なお、本発明は、三角形の鋳鉄製の溝蓋に典型的に適用できるものである。
The main configuration of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A groove lid characterized in that a groove-shaped engagement protrusion and a hook-shaped recess for receiving the hook-shaped protrusion are provided on a side where adjacent groove covers are engaged with each other. .
(2) The groove cover according to (1), wherein the groove cover has a triangular shape.
(3) The groove lid according to (1) or (2), wherein the engagement contact surfaces of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion and the hook-shaped recess both have vertical wall surfaces.
(4) The groove lid according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the side that engages adjacent groove lids has a vertical wall surface part on the entire length or part of the side. .
(5) The groove lid according to (3) or (4), wherein the vertical wall surface has a height of 20 to 75 mm.
(6) The triangular groove cover is an isosceles triangular main groove cover, and the bottom is a secondary groove cover corresponding to half of the bottom of the main groove cover (2) to (5) The groove lid according to any one of the above.
(7) The groove cover according to (6), wherein the module is composed of a plurality of main groove covers and two sub groove covers.
(8) The groove lid according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the groove lid is made of cast iron.
(9) The groove lid according to any one of (2) to (8), wherein a support leg is provided at each apex of the triangle.
The present invention is typically applicable to a triangular cast iron groove lid.
本発明の溝蓋は、鉛直方向には分離可能であるが水平面方向及び斜め上方への移動は規制されるので、安定した連結構造が保たれた溝蓋を提供できる。個々の主な効果は次のとおりである。
1.鉤形状の突出辺と凹部の係合によって、前後左右の平面方向の相互離反を防止することができる。三角形状の場合には、溝蓋同士がくさび状に接しており、傾斜辺に沿ってズレが生じやすく、その繰り返しによって隙間が大きく拡大しやすい傾向があるが、この斜辺に沿うズレ移動を防止する効果がある。
2.鉤形状の係合突出部と鉤形状の凹部の係合接触面が共に垂直壁面部及び隣接辺に設けられた垂直壁は、挟圧を受けても、上方への分力が発生しないので、溝蓋の浮き上がりが軽減される。また、鉤形状の係合によって隙間が拡大しないことから、一方の溝蓋が斜め上方に浮き上がる現象が生じても、隣接する垂直壁に接触して浮き上がりが抑制される効果がある。
鉛直方向には移動が自由であるので、個別に取り外し可能である。
3.鉤形の突出片及び凹部を含めて溝蓋を一体に鋳造成形することによって係合部の強度を確保することができる。
The groove lid of the present invention can be separated in the vertical direction, but is restricted from moving in the horizontal plane direction and obliquely upward, so that a groove lid that maintains a stable connection structure can be provided. The main effects of each are as follows.
1. By engagement between the hook-shaped protruding side and the recessed portion, it is possible to prevent the front, rear, left and right planes from being separated from each other. In the case of a triangular shape, the groove lids touch each other in a wedge shape, and the displacement tends to occur along the inclined side, and the gap tends to increase greatly due to the repetition, but the displacement along the oblique side is prevented. There is an effect to.
2. The vertical wall in which the engagement contact surfaces of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion and the hook-shaped recess are both provided on the vertical wall surface and the adjacent side does not generate a component force upward even when subjected to pinching pressure. The rise of the groove lid is reduced. In addition, since the gap does not expand due to the hook-shaped engagement, even if one of the groove lids is lifted obliquely upward, there is an effect that the lift is suppressed by contacting the adjacent vertical wall.
Since it can move freely in the vertical direction, it can be removed individually.
3. The strength of the engaging portion can be ensured by integrally casting the groove lid including the hook-shaped protruding piece and the concave portion.
本発明は、溝蓋の係止構造として、鉤形状の係止部材が相互に噛み合うようにすることによって、前後左右の水平面での分離を規制する機能を持たせたものである。更に、溝蓋が相互に接する面同士に鉛直面を設けることにより、挟圧を受けても上方への浮き上がり分力が発生し難いようにしたものである。また、鉤形形状の噛み合いによって、隙間が広がることが防止され、溝蓋の端部に荷重がかかり、他端に上向きのモーメントが生じても、他端側の対向面が接触して、他端の跳ね上がりを抑止するものである。
その結果、本発明の溝蓋は、連接されて敷設されることとなるので、車両の通行時に、溝蓋が前後又は左右方向へ移動することを防止でき、また、溝蓋が浮き上がることを防止できる係合構造を備えた溝蓋が実現できる。そして、溝蓋を設置する際に、又は取り外す際に、溝蓋を垂直上下方向へスライドするだけの操作で係合又は分離ができる係合構造を備えた溝蓋が実現することができる。中途から施行ができるので、工事の自由度が広がり、施行時間の短縮につながり、メンテナンスや落とし物の回収も容易となる。
The present invention provides a groove lid locking structure having a function of restricting separation in front, rear, left and right horizontal planes by engaging hook-shaped locking members with each other. Further, by providing a vertical surface between the surfaces where the groove lids are in contact with each other, it is difficult to generate a component force that lifts upward even when subjected to pinching pressure. In addition, the engagement of the bowl-shaped shape prevents the gap from spreading, and even if a load is applied to the end of the groove lid and an upward moment is generated at the other end, the opposing surface on the other end side contacts, It suppresses the jumping of the edge.
As a result, since the groove cover of the present invention is connected and laid, it is possible to prevent the groove cover from moving back and forth or to the left and right when the vehicle is passing, and to prevent the groove cover from floating up. A groove lid having a possible engagement structure can be realized. Then, when installing or removing the groove lid, a groove lid having an engagement structure that can be engaged or separated by simply sliding the groove lid vertically up and down can be realized. Since it can be implemented from midway, the degree of freedom of construction is widened, the implementation time is shortened, and maintenance and recovery of lost items becomes easy.
<溝蓋の形状>
溝蓋は、基本的には、従来の通常の形状、構造と共通しており、表面の平板と裏面側に梁状のリブから構成される。表面の平板には、多くの場合、透孔が形成される。また、滑り止め用の凹凸や小さな突起が形成される。溝蓋の形状は、方形、三角形など通常U字溝などの溝蓋として用いられているものに適用できる。特に、三角形状に適用した場合は、斜辺同士が接触・離反の繰り返しによって、溝の長手方向に隙間が広がりやすいので、効果が大きい。これらの基本形状の溝蓋が連接される対向壁面に、本発明に係る係止構造が設けられる。側辺部は、係止構造が挿脱できるような形状とされる。
<Shape of groove cover>
The groove lid is basically the same as the conventional normal shape and structure, and is composed of a flat plate on the front surface and a beam-shaped rib on the back surface side. In many cases, through holes are formed in the flat plate on the surface. Also, unevenness and small protrusions for preventing slipping are formed. The shape of the groove cover can be applied to a shape that is normally used as a groove cover such as a U-shaped groove such as a square or a triangle. In particular, when applied to a triangular shape, the effect is great because the gap is likely to spread in the longitudinal direction of the groove due to repeated contact and separation between the hypotenuses. The locking structure according to the present invention is provided on the opposing wall surface where the groove lids of these basic shapes are connected. The side portion is shaped so that the locking structure can be inserted and removed.
<溝蓋の製法、材質>
鋳造の場合は、高強度で耐久性に優れ、大荷重の箇所にも使用可能である。鋼材を溶接したグレーチングや鋳造物など通常の溝蓋全般に用いることができる。しかし、係止構造を溶接した場合、大きな荷重がかかる箇所に使用するには適さない。
<Manufacturing method and material of groove lid>
In the case of casting, it is high-strength and excellent in durability, and can be used in places with heavy loads. It can be used for general groove lids such as gratings and castings with welded steel. However, when the locking structure is welded, it is not suitable for use in a place where a large load is applied.
<鉤形係止構造>
係止構造は、側壁面を構成するリブ等に設けられ、鉤形の突出片と該突出片を収容できる凹部とからなり、隣接するこの突出片と凹部が互いに噛み合わされて係合して前後左右の分離を防止できるような形状で設計される。具体的な突出片の形状は、釣り針形、L字形、くの字形などが例示され、凹部は、これらの突出片の外面に添う形状を基本とする。ただし、隣合う係止構造が噛み合って、前後左右の抜止機能が発揮される構造であるように設計されることが満足されれば、突出片と凹部の形状の設計はこの例示に限定されない。
係止構造は、側壁面に1〜複数設けることができる。同形状構造の係止構造を側壁の長手方向中央部あるいは三等分する位置の2カ所など左右反転しても同じ位置に来るようにすると、溝蓋の種類を少なくすることができ、製作、施工上有利である。
突出辺と凹部が接触する当接面は、鉛直方向に形成すると、当接横圧が水平に伝播し、強度上あるいは浮き上がり力などが発生せず、安全である。
突出片の基部に応力が集中するので、突出片の取り付け角度や、長さを変更することにより、強度設計を変更することができる。
係止構造は、リブに設けることが強度上望ましいが、表面板に設けることが可能である。従来例に示したリブから縁が庇状に表面板が延出されている場合は、係止構造が設けられた部分の縁を切り欠きを設けて、結合を容易にすることができる。
<Saddle-shaped locking structure>
The locking structure is provided on a rib or the like that constitutes the side wall surface, and includes a hook-shaped protruding piece and a concave portion that can accommodate the protruding piece, and the adjacent protruding piece and the concave portion are engaged with each other and engaged with each other. It is designed in a shape that can prevent left and right separation. Specific examples of the shape of the protruding piece include a fishhook shape, an L shape, and a dogleg shape, and the concave portion basically has a shape that follows the outer surface of these protruding pieces. However, the design of the shape of the projecting piece and the recess is not limited to this example as long as it is satisfied that the adjacent locking structure is engaged so that the front / rear / right / left retaining function is achieved.
One or more locking structures can be provided on the side wall surface. If the same structure of the locking structure is turned left and right, such as the middle part of the side wall in the longitudinal direction or two parts of the position that divides it into three parts, the type of groove cover can be reduced, It is advantageous in construction.
If the abutting surface where the projecting side and the recess contact is formed in the vertical direction, the abutting lateral pressure propagates horizontally, and no strength or lifting force is generated, which is safe.
Since stress concentrates on the base of the protruding piece, the strength design can be changed by changing the mounting angle or length of the protruding piece.
The locking structure is preferably provided on the rib in terms of strength, but can be provided on the surface plate. When the surface plate is extended from the rib shown in the conventional example in the shape of a bowl, the edge of the portion where the locking structure is provided is notched to facilitate the coupling.
<接触壁面>
隣接する溝蓋が接触する側壁面は、鉛直方向に近づけることが好ましい。挟圧を受けた場合に、水平に圧力を受け、テーパがついていた場合のアーチ状の盛り上がりなどが防止できる。また、隣接溝蓋が互いに係合されていることにより、常に、密接していることとなり、一端に荷重が掛かり、他端が持ち上がろうとしても、隣接している溝蓋の側壁に接触して、持ち上がりが抑制されることとなる。この側壁の鉛直壁面は、壁面の一部でも良く、高さ方向もある程度の長さがあれば良く、必ずしも壁面全体である必要はない。この、鉛直壁同士の接触効果は、鉤形係止構造部の壁面でも生ずる機能である。また、係合によって隣接溝蓋同士が離反せず密接しているので、辺同士が接して、平面回動も抑制され、安定性が向上する。
模式的に示した図4の当接壁面を参考に説明すると、図4(a)は、横圧を受けても、鉛直面で受け止めるため、上向きの分力は発生し難いが、図4(b)では、テーパが付いているので、挫屈するように上向きの分力が発生し、テーパ面同士が接触してアーチ状に盛り上がり、更に横圧が加わるとはじけるように分離して、溝蓋が溝から外れる危険が生ずる。この様な状態になると、脱輪や運転操作が不自由になり事故の危険が大きくなる。特に、横断溝では、このような危険性を少なくする必要性が高い。
鉛直壁面の角度は、設計や施工上の制約から現実的には、高さが20〜75mmであって、テーパ(Δd)が0.05〜0.6mm程度となるようにする。
図4(c)、(d)にテーパの状況を示す。図4(c)は2段テーパとなっていて、テーパの高さh1部分を鉛直に近づけるので、全高Hが大きくても緩テーパとすることができる。図4(d)は、全高Hに渡って、同じテーパを設けている。具体的な目安は(1) h1又はH=20mmのとき、テーパは0.05mm≦Δd≦0.3mm、(2) h1又はH=50mmのときテーパは0.2mm≦Δd≦0.5mm、(3) h1又はH=75mmのときテーパは0.3mm≦Δd≦0.6mm程度とする。
したがって、連接される側壁面同士は直接接触することが好ましいので、表面から側壁を構成するリブは連続して形成されることが好ましい。
特に、鋳造法では、一般に型抜き勾配が設けられているので、リブにはテーパがついていることが多いが、本発明では、溝蓋の外壁面となる面は、鉛直に近づけ、内側面にテーパを大きくするなどして、型抜きに対する技術的な課題を克服する。また、テーパ付きのリブを基本としつつも、鉛直部を一部に設けること、あるいは、半柱状に複数本鉛直状に設けることも可能である。鉛直壁の高さは、溝の受け枠の形状から、20〜75mmの範囲に構成され、係合隙間との関係にもよるが、20〜30mmでも十分に機能させることができる。
<Contact wall>
The side wall surface with which the adjacent groove lid contacts is preferably close to the vertical direction. When receiving a pinching pressure, the pressure is applied horizontally, and an arched bulge when the taper is applied can be prevented. In addition, since the adjacent groove lids are engaged with each other, they are always in close contact with each other, and even if a load is applied to one end and the other end tries to lift, it contacts the side wall of the adjacent groove lid. As a result, lifting is suppressed. The vertical wall surface of the side wall may be a part of the wall surface and need only have a certain length in the height direction, and is not necessarily the entire wall surface. This contact effect between the vertical walls is a function that also occurs on the wall surface of the hook-shaped locking structure. Further, since the adjacent groove lids are in close contact with each other by the engagement, the sides are in contact with each other, the plane rotation is also suppressed, and the stability is improved.
Referring to the abutting wall surface of FIG. 4 schematically shown, FIG. 4 (a) is received on the vertical surface even when subjected to lateral pressure, and thus an upward component force is hardly generated. In b), since the taper is attached, an upward component force is generated so as to buckle, the taper surfaces come into contact with each other and rise in an arch shape, and are separated so as to be repelled when lateral pressure is applied. There is a risk that the will come off the groove. In such a state, derailment and driving operation become inconvenient, increasing the risk of accidents. In particular, it is highly necessary to reduce such a risk in the transverse groove.
The angle of the vertical wall surface is practically such that the height is 20 to 75 mm and the taper (Δd) is about 0.05 to 0.6 mm due to restrictions on design and construction.
FIGS. 4C and 4D show the taper situation. FIG. 4C shows a two-step taper, and the height h 1 of the taper is brought close to the vertical, so that even if the total height H is large, a gentle taper can be obtained. In FIG. 4D, the same taper is provided over the entire height H. Specifically, (1) When h 1 or H = 20 mm, the taper is 0.05 mm ≦ Δd ≦ 0.3 mm. (2) When h 1 or H = 50 mm, the taper is 0.2 mm ≦ Δd ≦ 0. When 5 mm, (3) h 1 or H = 75 mm, the taper is about 0.3 mm ≦ Δd ≦ 0.6 mm.
Therefore, it is preferable that the side wall surfaces connected to each other are in direct contact with each other, and therefore, the ribs constituting the side wall are preferably formed continuously from the surface.
In particular, in the casting method, since a die-cutting gradient is generally provided, the rib is often tapered, but in the present invention, the surface that becomes the outer wall surface of the groove lid is close to the vertical, Overcoming technical challenges to die cutting by increasing the taper. Moreover, although it is based on a taper rib, it is also possible to provide a vertical part in a part, or to provide two or more semi-columnar vertical shapes. The height of the vertical wall is in the range of 20 to 75 mm from the shape of the receiving frame of the groove, and depending on the relationship with the engagement gap, it can function sufficiently even at 20 to 30 mm.
<施工>
本発明の溝蓋は、上下に挿脱可能であるので、設置位置が決まっていれば、中間位置からでも施工が可能である。交通車両が多く、長時間交通止めができないような場所では特に有利である。メンテナンスも必要な箇所に限って実施可能であるので、短時間かつ容易である。
特に、三角形状の溝蓋は、三脚であるので、四本脚などと比較して、脚のガタツキは少なく、常に脚が接地していることから、静穏性が優れ、車両が通過する道路の横断溝に適しているので、施工性、メンテナンス性の向上は重要である。また、道路脇の側溝に比べて、車両の荷重を受ける頻度が高い横断溝の蓋にあっては、端部に荷重が掛かる機会も多く、他端の持ち上がり抑制効果、及び、隙間が空くことによる二輪車の脱輪や誤操作などの危険を防止するうえで有効に寄与する。
三角形状の場合は、底辺長500mmの二等辺三角形と底辺長250mmの直角三角形を基本形状とすることが多い。この場合は、二等辺三角形の等辺部と直角三角形の斜辺部に係止構造を設けて、互いに連接施行する。U字溝などの溝は、メーター単位で製品化されていることが多く、横断車線は、2m以上の幅があることが普通なので、二等辺三角形の溝蓋が7枚と直角三角形の溝蓋2枚で2mが構成されることとなる。
実施例として、この三角形状の溝蓋を例示する。
<Construction>
Since the groove lid of the present invention can be inserted and removed up and down, if the installation position is determined, it can be constructed even from an intermediate position. This is particularly advantageous in places where there are many traffic vehicles and traffic cannot be stopped for a long time. Since maintenance can be performed only in the necessary places, it is easy in a short time.
In particular, since the triangular groove cover is a tripod, there is less rattling compared to four legs, etc., and the legs are always in contact with the ground. Since it is suitable for crossing grooves, it is important to improve workability and maintainability. Also, in the case of crossing groove lids, which are more frequently subjected to vehicle loads than roadside gutters, there are many occasions where the load is applied to the end, and the lifting effect on the other end and a gap are left open. This effectively contributes to preventing dangers such as motorcycle derailment and misoperation.
In the case of a triangular shape, an isosceles triangle having a base length of 500 mm and a right triangle having a base length of 250 mm are often used as basic shapes. In this case, a locking structure is provided on the equilateral part of the isosceles triangle and the oblique part of the right-angled triangle, and they are connected to each other. Grooves such as U-shaped grooves are often manufactured on a meter basis, and the crossing lane usually has a width of 2 m or more, so there are seven isosceles triangular groove covers and a right triangle groove cover. Two sheets constitute 2 m.
As an example, this triangular groove lid is illustrated.
本実施例は二等辺三角形と直角三角形状の実施例である。
図1(a)は三角形状の溝蓋の平面図、図1(b)はその裏面斜視図、図2は組み付けた施工図、図3(a)は表面側から見た係止部要部斜視図、図3(b)は裏面側から見た係止部要部斜視図である。
溝蓋は、図1、2に示す如く、二等辺三角形状をなす主溝蓋Aと、直角三角形状をなす副溝蓋Bとから構成されている。本実施例では、鋳鉄製である。
主溝蓋Aは、鋳鉄製で二等辺三角形をなしており、裏面には二等辺三角形の各頂点の三点に脚片4が設けられていると共に、各脚片4間にはリブ5が設けられ鋳鉄製三点支持式(三角形)溝蓋を構成している。踏面をなす表面には裏面に貫通する排水用の透孔7が全面に多数設けられており、透孔7は六角形をなしそれがハニカム状に多数配置されている。
副溝蓋Bは、鋳鉄製で直角三角形をなしており、裏面には三角形の各頂点位置に脚片4が設けられていると共に、各脚片4間にはリブ5が設けられ、鋳鉄製三点支持式(三角形)溝蓋を構成している。表面には透孔7が設けられている。
斜辺部のリブは、表面から連続する側壁面を形成している。底辺に位置するリブは、斜辺部とは異なり、連続面には限られず、内側に位置させることも、波形に連続屈曲させることもできる。
This example is an example of an isosceles triangle and a right triangle.
FIG. 1A is a plan view of a triangular groove cover, FIG. 1B is a rear perspective view thereof, FIG. 2 is an assembled construction drawing, and FIG. 3A is a main part of a locking portion viewed from the front side. A perspective view and FIG.3 (b) are the principal part perspective views of the latching | locking part seen from the back surface side.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the groove lid is composed of a main groove lid A having an isosceles triangle shape and a sub-groove lid B having a right triangle shape. In this embodiment, it is made of cast iron.
The main groove cover A is made of cast iron and has an isosceles triangle. On the back surface, leg pieces 4 are provided at three points of the apex of the isosceles triangle, and ribs 5 are provided between the leg pieces 4. A cast iron three-point support (triangular) groove lid is formed. A large number of drainage through holes 7 penetrating the back surface are provided on the entire surface forming the tread surface, and the through holes 7 are hexagonal and are arranged in a honeycomb shape.
The sub-groove lid B is made of cast iron and has a right triangle. On the back surface, leg pieces 4 are provided at the positions of the respective apexes of the triangle, and ribs 5 are provided between the leg pieces 4 so as to be made of cast iron. It constitutes a three-point support (triangular) groove lid. A through hole 7 is provided on the surface.
The ribs on the hypotenuse form a side wall surface continuous from the surface. Unlike the hypotenuse part, the rib located on the bottom side is not limited to the continuous surface, and can be located on the inner side or continuously bent into a waveform.
鉤形係合部1は、鉤形係合突部10と鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)20及び挿通間隙30とからなり、該鉤形係合部1は、図1、2に示すように、主溝蓋Aでは、二等辺三角形の等辺をなす接合側辺6の各々の略中央に設けられており、また、副溝蓋Bでは直角三角形の斜辺をなす接合側辺6の略中央部に設けられている。鉤状係合部1は、接合側壁61であるリブ5に鋳造によって形成されている。 The hook-shaped engagement portion 1 includes a hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10, a hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove) 20, and an insertion gap 30. The hook-shaped engagement portion 1 is shown in FIGS. As described above, the main groove cover A is provided at substantially the center of each of the joining side edges 6 forming the equilateral sides of the isosceles triangle, and the sub-groove cover B is substantially the same as the joining side edge 6 forming the oblique side of the right triangle. It is provided in the center. The hook-shaped engaging portion 1 is formed by casting on the rib 5 that is the joining side wall 61.
鉤形係合突部10は、図3(a)(b)に示すように、平面視でC字状乃至はL字状をなすように突出形成されている。また、鉤形係合突部10の側面は、溝蓋厚さ方向軸線に対して平行な垂直壁10aとして形成されており、上端は溝蓋表面高さと同位置にあり、下端はリブの高さ方向の中間位置に達する程度の高さに形成されている。
鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)20は、図3(a)(b)に示すように、鉤形係合突部10の基端部から先端に向かって溝蓋の接合側辺6に形成されており、鉤形係合突部10を収容する収容空所となる。本実施例では、リブ5を湾曲状に鉤形係合突部10に対向して鋳造している。
挿通間隙30は、鉤形係合突部10の先端と鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)20との開放間に形成されており、鉤形係合部1相互を係合したとき、鉤形係合突部10の基部11が挿通される間隙となる。
As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 is formed so as to protrude in a C shape or an L shape in plan view. Further, the side surface of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 is formed as a vertical wall 10a parallel to the groove cover thickness direction axis, the upper end is at the same position as the groove cover surface height, and the lower end is the height of the rib. It is formed so as to reach a middle position in the vertical direction.
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove) 20 is formed on the joining side edge 6 of the groove lid from the base end portion of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 toward the tip. It is formed and becomes an accommodation space for accommodating the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10. In this embodiment, the rib 5 is cast in a curved shape so as to face the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10.
The insertion gap 30 is formed between the distal end of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 and the hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove) 20, and when the hook-shaped engagement portions 1 are engaged with each other, It becomes a gap through which the base 11 of the shape engaging protrusion 10 is inserted.
鉤形係合突部10の外面は、溝蓋の厚さ方向軸線に対して平行な垂直壁面10aを有しており、該垂直壁面10aはまた湾曲面乃至は多角面の形状を呈するように形成されている。
鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)20の内面は、溝蓋の厚さ方向軸線に対して平行な垂直壁面20aを有しており、該垂直壁面20aもまた鉤形係合突部10の外面の添うように湾曲面乃至は多角面の形状を呈するように形成されている。
The outer surface of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 has a vertical wall surface 10a parallel to the thickness direction axis of the groove lid, and the vertical wall surface 10a also has a curved surface or a polygonal shape. Is formed.
The inner surface of the hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove) 20 has a vertical wall surface 20 a parallel to the axis in the thickness direction of the groove lid, and the vertical wall surface 20 a is also the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10. The outer surface is formed to have a curved surface or a polygonal shape.
鉤形係合突部10の垂直壁面10a及び鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)20の垂直壁面20aは、相手側の鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)20の垂直壁面20a又は鉤形係合突部10の垂直壁面10aに対面状態で係合されている。そこで、車両走行時の衝撃で溝蓋が移動又は回動しようとしても側壁部同士の当接と、鉤形係合突部10と鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)20とが湾曲面乃至は多角面の対面部分が接触して溝蓋の移動や回動を阻止する抵抗によって、溝蓋は連結を保持し、位置と姿勢を維持する。
垂直壁面10a、20aは、図3(a)(b)に示すように、平面視において、湾曲した垂直壁面として形成されており、そのため壁面は垂直軸線方向に平行な複数の面を有している。平面であれば、特定方向からの作用力に対して最大の抵抗力を示しそれ以外の角度の作用力に対しては対抗力が漸減する。しかしながら、湾曲した垂直壁面として形成しているため、何れの方向の作用力に対しても略等しい抵抗力で安定的に対抗する。なお、垂直壁面10a,20aは、側壁面61のテーパとの関係で、型抜勾配を設ける必要が生ずることがあるので、製造技術上の制約の範囲内で、垂直に設けることが望ましい。その範囲は、図4(c)(d)の説明と同様である。
鉤形係合部1が形成されたリブ5の側壁面61は、ほぼ鉛直形成して、隣接溝蓋同士の衝合が鉛直面で受けるように構成している。
本実施例は、鉤形係合によって、隣接溝蓋同士が密着して衝合し、離反しないので、溝蓋同士は水平回動も抑制され、端部の跳ね上がりも防止できる溝蓋の施工に寄与する。
なお、以上の例では、鉤形係合突部10の基部が接合側辺6に対して、反時計回りで示す取り付け角度θが、小さい例を示したが、それよりも小さくすると、鉤形係合突部の取り付け強度を大きくし、耐久性を向上させることができる。そのバリエーション例を図7(a)と図7(b)に示す。図7(a)は前者であり、図7(b)は後者である。
The vertical wall surface 10a of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 and the vertical wall surface 20a of the hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove) 20 are the vertical wall surface 20a of the mating hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove) 20 or the hook shape. It is engaged with the vertical wall surface 10a of the engaging protrusion 10 in a face-to-face state. Therefore, even if the groove lid is about to move or rotate due to an impact when the vehicle travels, the contact between the side wall portions, and the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 and the hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove) 20 are curved surfaces. In this case, the groove lid keeps its connection and maintains its position and posture by the resistance that prevents the movement and rotation of the groove lid by contacting the facing portions of the polygonal surface.
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the vertical wall surfaces 10a and 20a are formed as curved vertical wall surfaces in a plan view, and therefore the wall surfaces have a plurality of surfaces parallel to the vertical axis direction. Yes. If it is a plane, the maximum resistance force is exerted against the acting force from a specific direction, and the opposing force gradually decreases with respect to the acting force at other angles. However, since it is formed as a curved vertical wall surface, it can stably counteract with an almost equal resistance force against the acting force in any direction. The vertical wall surfaces 10a and 20a may need to be provided with a die-cutting gradient in relation to the taper of the side wall surface 61. Therefore, it is desirable that the vertical wall surfaces 10a and 20a be provided vertically within the scope of manufacturing technology. The range is the same as that described with reference to FIGS.
The side wall surface 61 of the rib 5 on which the hook-shaped engagement portion 1 is formed is formed so as to be substantially vertical, and the abutment between adjacent groove covers is received by the vertical surface.
In this embodiment, the adjacent groove lids closely contact each other and do not separate due to the hook-shaped engagement, so that the groove lids are also prevented from rotating horizontally, and the groove lid can be prevented from jumping up. Contribute.
In the above example, the attachment angle θ shown in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the joint side 6 of the base portion of the hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10 is small. The attachment strength of the engaging protrusion can be increased and the durability can be improved. Examples of such variations are shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). FIG. 7A shows the former, and FIG. 7B shows the latter.
本実施例では、2000mmのモジュール構成として、7枚の主溝蓋Aと2枚の副溝蓋で構成された例が図2である。主溝蓋は底辺長が450mmで頂角部が50mmであり、副溝蓋はそれぞれ半分である。斜辺長は、溝の幅によって変更される。実用化されているU字溝の幅は300〜1000mm程度である。
鉤形係合部1はまた、当接面が垂直壁に形成されているため、溝蓋をU字溝上で下降操作の所謂スライドさせるだけの簡単な作業で係合することができる。また溝の保守点検や改修工事を行うために溝蓋を取り外す際にも、溝蓋を上方へ持ち上げるという簡単な作業で取り外すことができる。
In the present embodiment, FIG. 2 shows an example in which the module configuration is 2000 mm and includes seven main groove lids A and two sub-groove lids. The main groove lid has a base length of 450 mm and a vertex angle portion of 50 mm, and the sub-groove lids are each half. The hypotenuse length is changed depending on the width of the groove. The width of the U-shaped groove that has been put into practical use is about 300 to 1000 mm.
Also, since the abutment surface is formed on the vertical wall, the hook-shaped engagement portion 1 can be engaged by a simple operation of simply sliding the groove lid on the U-shaped groove. Also, when removing the groove cover for maintenance and repair work of the groove, it can be removed by a simple operation of lifting the groove cover upward.
A 主溝蓋
B 副溝蓋
1 鉤形係合部
10 鉤形係合突部
10a 垂直壁面
11 基部
20 鉤形係合凹部(係合溝)
20a 垂直壁面
30 挿通間隙
4 脚片
5 リブ
6 接合側辺
61 側壁面
7 透孔
100 主溝蓋
200 副溝蓋
300 脚片
400 透孔
500 係止片
A main groove cover B sub groove cover 1 hook-shaped engagement part 10 hook-shaped engagement protrusion 10a vertical wall surface 11 base 20 hook-shaped engagement recess (engagement groove)
20a Vertical wall 30 Insertion gap 4 Leg piece 5 Rib 6 Joining side 61 Side wall surface 7 Through hole 100 Main groove cover 200 Sub groove cover 300 Leg piece 400 Through hole 500 Locking piece
Claims (4)
係合突出部と鉤形形状の凹部とは鉛直方向に自由に挿脱可能に形成されていることを特徴とする溝蓋。 A triangular-shaped cast iron groove lid has a hook-shaped engagement protrusion and a hook-shaped protrusion that receives the hook-shaped protrusion on the side (excluding the leg piece) that engages adjacent groove covers. A groove lid provided with a recess ,
A groove lid characterized in that the engagement protrusion and the bowl-shaped recess are formed so as to be freely insertable / removable in the vertical direction .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005089444A JP4473759B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Groove cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005089444A JP4473759B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Groove cover |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2006266029A JP2006266029A (en) | 2006-10-05 |
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JP2018188869A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-29 | ドーエイ外装有限会社 | Joint device for floor |
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JP2012048747A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-03-08 | Fujitsu Ltd | Electronic apparatus |
JP6935563B1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Mounting structure of grating lid on resin trough body, trough line, trough line forming method and grating lid |
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JP2018188869A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-29 | ドーエイ外装有限会社 | Joint device for floor |
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