JP4467897B2 - Phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment equipment - Google Patents

Phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4467897B2
JP4467897B2 JP2003044059A JP2003044059A JP4467897B2 JP 4467897 B2 JP4467897 B2 JP 4467897B2 JP 2003044059 A JP2003044059 A JP 2003044059A JP 2003044059 A JP2003044059 A JP 2003044059A JP 4467897 B2 JP4467897 B2 JP 4467897B2
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phosphate
phosphorus
containing organic
solid
liquid separation
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JP2003044059A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004249245A (en
Inventor
尚平 深田
中村  剛
憲男 室谷
雅人 藤田
康二 川端
英一 堀田
博克 神田
勝啓 伊藤
文雄 井出
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Takuma Co Ltd
Hitachi Zosen Corp
Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
JFE Engineering Corp
Unitika Ltd
Suido Kiko Kaisha Ltd
Mitsui E&S Holdings Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Takuma Co Ltd
Hitachi Zosen Corp
Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
JFE Engineering Corp
Unitika Ltd
Suido Kiko Kaisha Ltd
Mitsui E&S Holdings Co Ltd
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Application filed by Sanki Engineering Co Ltd, Takuma Co Ltd, Hitachi Zosen Corp, Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd, Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd, JFE Engineering Corp, Unitika Ltd, Suido Kiko Kaisha Ltd, Mitsui E&S Holdings Co Ltd filed Critical Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Priority to JP2003044059A priority Critical patent/JP4467897B2/en
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  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、リン含有有機性汚水、特に、生し尿、浄化槽汚泥、合併浄化槽汚泥、濃集汚泥等のし尿系汚水、下水等、または、これらの混合物の廃液中に含まれるリンまたは窒素を、再資源化可能なリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムとして回収でき、また、リンまたは窒素の除去効率を大幅に改善できるリン含有有機性汚水処理装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、リン含有有機性汚水の処理方法において、リンや窒素を除去するための手段としては、生物学的硝化脱窒素処理方法や、嫌気好気法、凝集沈殿法等を組み合わせた方法が多く、その一例として高負荷脱窒素処理プロセスが挙げられる。また、高負荷脱窒素処理プロセスからリンを回収する手段として、特公平1−24558号公報には、生物処理手段の前段でマグネシウム化合物を添加し、生成したリン酸マグネシウム化合物を添加し、生成したリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムを濃縮汚泥と共に固液分離して、コンポスト化するプロセスが開示されている。
【特許文献】
特公平1−24558号公報
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の高負荷脱窒素処理プロセスは、生物処理手段に係る負荷変動が大きいために運転操作が煩雑であること、脱リンのために多量の薬剤を使用せざるを得ないこと等の問題があった。また、上記特公平1−24558号公報に開示されたリン回収を伴うプロセスは、回収されたリンと汚泥とが混合された状態で分離されるために、回収されたリンの再資源化用途がコンポストに限られるので、リンを効率的に回収できないといった問題があった。
【0004】
従って、この発明の目的は、リン含有有機性汚水の処理に際し、リン含有有機性汚水中に含まれるリンまたは窒素を再資源化可能なリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムの結晶として回収すると共に、リンまたは窒素の除去効率を大幅に改善することにより、生物反応手段にかかる負荷を軽減して、脱リンのために必要な薬剤を大幅に軽減することができるリン含有有機性汚水処理装置を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に記載された発明は、リン含有有機性汚水の受入貯留手段と、前記受入貯留手段から導入されたリン含有有機性汚水中の夾雑物を除去する前処理手段と、前記前処理手段で処理されたリン含有有機性汚水を均一に混合する混合手段と、前記混合手段で混合されたリン含有有機性汚水を硝化脱窒素処理する生物処理手段と、リン、COD、色度成分を除去する高度処理手段を備えた高負荷脱窒素処理型のリン含有有機性汚水処理装置において、前記生物処理手段から一部引き抜いた汚水と前記混合手段からの汚水とを分離水と汚泥とに分離する固液分離手段と、前記固液分離手段により分離された分離水からリン酸塩を生成させるリン酸塩生成手段と、前記リン酸塩生成手段において得られたリン酸塩を回収するリン酸塩回収手段とを備えたことに特徴を有するものである。
【0006】
請求項2に記載された発明は、前記リン酸塩生成手段において生成されるリン酸塩がリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムであることに特徴を有するものである。
【0007】
請求項3に記載された発明は、リン酸塩を回収した後に、リン酸塩分級手段を設けることに特徴を有するものである。
【0008】
請求項4に記載された発明は、前記リン酸塩分級手段において分級したリン酸塩の一部を、前記リン酸塩生成手段において再利用することに特徴を有するものである。
【0009】
請求項5に記載された発明は、前記固液分離手段において分離した汚泥を、前記生物処理手段に返送または脱水処理することに特徴を有するものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、この発明のリン含有有機性汚水処理装置の一実施態様を、図面を参照しながら説明する。
【0011】
図1は、この発明のリン含有有機性汚水処理装置の一例を示すブロック図であり、生し尿1と浄化槽汚泥2との両方を受け入れる例である。この発明の処理対象となるリン含有有機性汚水は、特に、生し尿、浄化槽汚泥、合併浄化槽汚泥、農集汚泥等のし尿系汚水、下水等、または、これらの混合物を含むことができる。また、この発明において、リン含有有機性汚水には、雑廃水等を含んでも良い。
【0012】
図1において、3は、生し尿1を導入して來雑物を除去する第一前処理手段であり、4は、浄化槽汚泥2を導入して夾雑物を除去する第二前処理手段である。
【0013】
第一および第二前処理手段3および4は、髪の毛、砂、石、紙、繊維、ゴム製品、その他、ゴミ等の夾雑物を除去する手段であり、その構成は限定されない。
【0014】
5は、第一および第二前処理手段3および4において処理された各々の汚水を、攪拌翼等の攪拌手段を用いて均一に混合する混合手段である。6は、生物反応脱窒素手段であり、混合手段5からの汚水、後述する第一固液分離手段7からの汚泥8、後述するリン酸塩回収手段11からの脱離液14および後述する生物反応硝化手段16からの返送水15を脱窒素処理する。
【0015】
7は、第一固液分離手段であり、生物反応脱窒素手段6から引き抜かれた汚泥および後述するリン酸塩生成手段10にてリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムを生成するときの窒素成分量が低い場合の、窒素供給のための混合手段5からの導入汚水を固液分離する。第一固液分離手段7は、効率良く固液分離が行えるように、必要に応じて凝集剤を添加し混合攪拌する機能を備えている。凝集剤には、高分子凝集剤の他、リンが多量に凝集しない範囲で無機凝集剤を用いることができる。固液分離された汚泥8は、生物反応脱窒素手段6および後述する脱水手段22の少なくとも一方に返送される。
【0016】
10は、リン酸塩生成手段であり、第一固液分離手段7において分離された分離水9にマグネシウム塩またはカルシウム塩を添加して、リン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムの結晶を析出し、成長させる。11は、リン酸塩回収手段であり、リン酸塩生成手段10において生成したリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムの結晶を回収する。回収されたリン酸塩12は、肥料原料として利用可能である。リンまたは窒素が除去された脱離液14は、生物反応脱窒素工程6へ返送される。
【0017】
16は、生物反応硝化手段であり、生物反応脱窒素手段6からの脱窒素処理水を生物反応硝化する。17は、第二固液分離手段であり、生物反応硝化手段16により生物反応が完了した汚泥を固液分離する。第二固液分離手段17により固液分離された汚泥18は、脱水手段22に導入され、脱水される。19は、凝集剤混和手段であり、第二固液分離手段17によって固液分離された分離水に、凝集剤を添加し、攪拌混和する。凝集剤には、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、硫酸バンド、塩化第二鉄、ポリ硫酸第二鉄等の無機系凝集剤および高分子凝集剤のうちの少なくとも1つを用いる。
【0018】
20は、第三固液分離手段であり、凝集剤が攪拌混和された液をCOD成分および残留するリン成分等が移行した汚泥21と分離水とに固液分離する。分離された汚泥21は、第二固液分離手段17からの汚泥18と同様に、脱水手段22に導入され、脱水される。22は、脱水手段であり、脱水によって減容化された脱水汚泥23は、焼却処理されるか、生ゴミと混合してメタン発酵用原料もしくはコンポスト用原料として利用される。
【0019】
24は、砂ろ過手段であり、第三固液分離手段20によって分離された分離水を砂ろ過処理し、僅かに存在するSS分を分離除去する。25は、活性炭処理手段であり、砂ろ過手段24からの砂ろ過処理水中の残留COD成分、色度成分および臭気成分等を吸着分離する。
【0020】
なお、図1に示すように、リン酸塩回収手段11の後にリン酸塩分級手段13を設けて、粒子径の小さいリン酸塩結晶をリン酸塩生成手段10へ供給することにより、リン酸塩生成における種結晶として再利用が可能であり、これにより効率的且つ良質なリン酸塩の製造が可能となる。
【0021】
さらに、この発明における第一固液分離手段7は、重力沈降装置、遠心分離装置、浮上分離装置、膜ろ過装置、ろ布ろ過装置等を用いることができる。例えば、ろ布ろ過装置を用いた場合、使用されるろ布は、濁質成分等を除去することのできるろ布であり、主に通気度1〜10000mL/cm2/分のろ布が用いられる。さらに、ろ布ろ過装置形式は、加圧打込み式、加圧圧搾式、走行式、ドラム式、多段ディスク式等が用いられる。
【0022】
また、ろ布ろ過への通水方式は、外圧型と内圧型があり、どちらの通水方式でも問題ない。得られるろ過液のSS濃度は、濁質分がろ布表面上に堆積したケーキを用いてろ過するため、1mg/L程度まで除去することが可能である。また過大な加圧ポンプを用いる必要はなく、安価なろ布を使用するため、経済的にも有利である。
【0023】
また、この発明における第二固液分離手段17および第三固液分離手段20は、重力沈降装置、遠心分離装置、浮上分離装置、膜分離装置、ろ布ろ過装置等を用いることかでき、処理水の性状の要求によって選択すれば良い。例えば、膜分離手段を第二固液分離手段17に適用する場合には、生物反応硝化手段16から送られる汚泥は、既に脱窒素および硝化処理がなされているので、膜の目詰まりも減少し、洗浄による膜フラックスの回復効果も安定し、安定的な運転が可能である。膜分離手段に用いる膜の種類は、限外ろ過膜、精密ろ過膜、逆浸透膜等の何れでも良く、その使用方法は、槽内設置型(液中膜式等)でも槽外設置型でも良い。また、膜の形式は、平膜、中空糸、管状等の何れでも良い。
【0024】
以上の構成からなるこの発明のリン含有有機性汚水処理装置によれば、以下のようにして、生し尿と浄化槽汚泥とが処理される。
【0025】
生し尿1は、第一前処理手段3、浄化槽汚泥2は、第二前処理手段4においてそれぞれ処理されて種々の夾雑物が除去される。夾雑物が除去された汚水は、混合手段5に送られて均一に混合される。
【0026】
混合手段5からの汚水は、生物反応脱窒素手段6に送られて脱窒素処理される。生物反応脱窒素手段6からの汚泥は、第一固液分離手段7に送られて固液分離される。第一固液分離手段7からの分離水9は、リン酸塩生成手段10に送られ、ここで、マグネシウム塩またはカルシウム塩が添加されて、リン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムの結晶が析出し、成長する。なお、リン酸塩生成手段10にてリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムを生成するときの窒素成分量が低い場合には、窒素供給のために混合手段5からの汚水を第一固液分離手段7に送る。
【0027】
リン酸塩生成手段10において生成されたリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムの結晶は、リン酸塩回収手段11おいて回収される。回収されたリン酸塩12は、肥料原料として利用が可能である。リン酸塩回収手段11からのリンまたは窒素が除去された脱離液14は、生物反応脱窒素手段6へ返送される。
【0028】
一方、第一固液分離手段7により固液分離された汚泥8は、生物反応脱窒素手段6および脱水手段22の少なくとも一方に返送される。
【0029】
なお、リン酸塩分級手段13を設ける場合には、リン酸塩回収手段11により回収されたリン酸塩は、リン酸塩分級手段13に送られて分級され、粒子径の小さいリン酸塩結晶は、リン酸塩生成手段10へ供給されて、リン酸塩生成における種結晶として再利用される。
【0030】
生物反応脱窒素手段6からの脱窒素処理水は、生物反応硝化手段16に送られ硝化処理される。生物反応硝化手段16によって生物反応が完了した汚泥は、第二固液分離手段17に送られ固液分離される。生物反応硝化手段16からの硝化処理後の汚水は、返送水15として生物反応脱窒素手段6に返送される。
【0031】
生物反応脱窒素手段6によって生物反応が完了した汚泥は、第二固液分離手段17に送られて固液分離される。第二固液分離手段17により固液分離された汚泥18は、脱水手段22に導入されて脱水され、一方、分離水は、凝集剤混和手段19に送られ、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、硫酸バンド、塩化第二鉄、ポリ硫酸第二鉄等の無機系凝集剤および高分子凝集剤のうちの少なくとも1つ凝集剤が添加され、攪拌混合される。
【0032】
凝集剤混和手段19において凝集剤が添加され、攪拌混合された液は、第三固液分離手段20に送られて固液分離される。第三固液分離手段20により固液分離された、COD成分および残留リン成分等が移行した汚泥21は、脱水手段22に導入され脱水される。脱水手段22によって減容化された脱水汚泥23は、焼却処理されるか、生ゴミと混合してメタン発酵用原料もしくはコンポスト用原料として利用される。
【0033】
第三固液分離手段20によって分離された分離水は、砂ろ過手段24に送られ、僅かに残存するSS分が分離除去される。SS分が分離除去された処理水は、活性炭処理工程25に送られ、砂ろ過処理水中の残留COD成分、色度成分および臭気成分等が吸着分離される。
【0034】
このようにして処理された清澄な処理水26は、次工程に送られる。
【0035】
この発明は、新設されるリン含有有機性汚水処理装置として適用可能であるばかりでなく、既存のリン含有有機性汚水処理装置の生物処理手段またはその前段に付加することによって、リンまたは窒素の負荷を軽減でき、再資源化が可能なリンとして回収することができ、凝集剤の軽減、発生汚泥量の軽減が図られ、安定した運転を行うことが可能となる。
【0036】
【実施例】
次に、この発明を実施例によりさらに説明する。
【0037】
浄化槽汚泥と生し尿とからなる廃液を50%ずつ均一に混合したし尿系汚水性状およびこのし尿系汚水に対して、カチオン系高分子凝集剤を1.0%対kg・SS添加および攪拌し、図1に示したリン含有有機性汚水処理装置の固液分離手段としてろ布ろ過固液分離装置を適用して固液分離したときの、分離水のリン回収前後の性状を表1にそれぞれ示す。
【0038】
【表1】

Figure 0004467897
リン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムとしてリンを回収するために、分離水中のPO4濃度と等モルとなる170mg/Lとなるように水酸化マグネシウムを添加して、リン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムを生成および回収した。
【0039】
表1のリン回収前後の分離水性状比較の結果から、リンおよび窒素が有効に回収されていることが分かった。また、リン酸マグネシウムアンモニウム回収を伴わない処理フローの場合、高分子凝集剤添加量は、1.5%対kg・SSであったため、高分子凝集剤の使用量を削減でき、リン濃度が低下したことから無機凝集剤のポリ硫酸第二鉄添加量も70%程度、削減できることが分かった。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、この発明によれば、生し尿、浄化槽汚泥、合併浄化槽汚泥、濃集汚泥等のし尿系汚水、下水等、または、これらの混合物の廃液中に含まれるリンまたは窒素を、再資源化可能なリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムとして回収でき、また、リンまたは窒素の除去効率を大幅に改善できるので、生物反応工程にかかる負荷を軽減することができるといった有用な効果がもたらされる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明のリン含有有機性汚泥処理装置の一実施態様を示すブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
1:生し尿
2:浄化槽汚泥
3:第一前処理手段
4:第二前処理手段
5:混合手段
6:生物反応脱窒素手段
7:第一固液分離手段
8:汚泥
9:分離水
10:リン酸塩生成手段
11:リン酸塩回収手段
12:リン酸塩
13:リン酸塩分級手段
14:脱離液
15:返送水
16:生物反応硝化手段
17:第二固液分離手段
18:汚泥
19:凝集剤混和手段
20:第三固液分離手段
21:汚泥
22:脱水手段
23:脱水汚泥
24:砂ろ過手段
25:活性炭処理手段
26:処理水[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes phosphorus-containing organic sewage, in particular, human urine, septic tank sludge, combined septic tank sludge, concentrated sewage-containing human waste sewage, sewage, etc. The present invention relates to a phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus that can be recovered as recyclable magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate and that can greatly improve the removal efficiency of phosphorus or nitrogen.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the treatment method of phosphorus-containing organic wastewater, as means for removing phosphorus and nitrogen, there are many methods combining biological nitrification denitrification treatment method, anaerobic aerobic method, coagulation precipitation method, etc. One example is a high-load denitrification process. In addition, as a means for recovering phosphorus from the high load denitrification process, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-245558 was prepared by adding a magnesium compound at the front stage of the biological treatment means and adding the produced magnesium phosphate compound. A process for solid-liquid separation of magnesium ammonium phosphate together with concentrated sludge and composting is disclosed.
[Patent Literature]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-245558
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional high-load denitrogenation process has problems such as complicated operation due to large load fluctuations related to biological treatment means, and the necessity of using a large amount of chemicals for dephosphorization. was there. Further, the process involving phosphorus recovery disclosed in the above Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-245558 is separated in a state where the recovered phosphorus and sludge are mixed, so that the recovered phosphorus can be recycled. Since it is limited to compost, there was a problem that phosphorus could not be recovered efficiently.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to recover phosphorus or nitrogen contained in phosphorus-containing organic wastewater as recyclable magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate crystals in the treatment of phosphorus-containing organic wastewater, To provide a phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus capable of greatly reducing the burden on biological reaction means and greatly reducing chemicals necessary for dephosphorylation by greatly improving nitrogen removal efficiency. It is in.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention described in claim 1, and pre-processing means for removing the receiving reservoir means of the phosphorus-containing organic wastewater, the receiving contaminants in phosphorus-containing organic wastewater introduced from the storage means, the pretreatment means Mixing means for uniformly mixing phosphorus-containing organic sewage treated with the above, biological treatment means for nitrifying and denitrifying phosphorus-containing organic sewage mixed with the mixing means, and removing phosphorus, COD, and chromaticity components In a high-load denitrogenation-type phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus equipped with advanced treatment means that separates sewage partially extracted from the biological treatment means and sewage from the mixing means into separated water and sludge Solid-liquid separation means, phosphate production means for producing phosphate from the separated water separated by the solid-liquid separation means, and phosphate for recovering the phosphate obtained in the phosphate production means Recovery means It has the characteristics that were e.
[0006]
The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that the phosphate produced in the phosphate production means is magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate.
[0007]
The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that a phosphate classification means is provided after the phosphate is recovered.
[0008]
The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that a part of the phosphate classified in the phosphate classification means is reused in the phosphate generation means.
[0009]
The invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that the sludge separated in the solid-liquid separation means is returned or dehydrated to the biological treatment means.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention, which is an example of accepting both raw urine 1 and septic tank sludge 2. The phosphorus-containing organic sewage to be treated according to the present invention can include, in particular, live urine, septic tank sludge, combined septic tank sludge, farm sewage sludge, etc., sewage, sewage, or a mixture thereof. Moreover, in this invention, miscellaneous wastewater etc. may be included in phosphorus containing organic wastewater.
[0012]
In FIG. 1, 3 is the first pretreatment means for introducing the raw urine 1 to remove impurities, and 4 is the second pretreatment means for introducing the septic tank sludge 2 to remove the impurities. .
[0013]
The first and second pretreatment means 3 and 4 are means for removing contaminants such as hair, sand, stones, paper, fibers, rubber products, and other foreign matters, and their configurations are not limited.
[0014]
5 is a mixing means for uniformly mixing the sewage treated in the first and second pretreatment means 3 and 4 by using a stirring means such as a stirring blade. 6 is a biological reaction denitrification means, sewage from the mixing means 5, sludge 8 from the first solid-liquid separation means 7 described later, desorbed liquid 14 from the phosphate recovery means 11 described later, and organisms described later. The return water 15 from the reaction nitrification means 16 is denitrified.
[0015]
7 is a first solid-liquid separation means, in which the sludge extracted from the biological reaction denitrification means 6 and the amount of nitrogen component when producing magnesium ammonium phosphate in the phosphate production means 10 described later are low. The introduced sewage from the mixing means 5 for supplying nitrogen is solid-liquid separated. The first solid-liquid separation means 7 has a function of adding a flocculant and mixing and stirring as necessary so that solid-liquid separation can be performed efficiently. In addition to the polymer flocculant, an inorganic flocculant can be used as the flocculant as long as phosphorus does not aggregate in a large amount. The solid-liquid separated sludge 8 is returned to at least one of the biological reaction denitrification unit 6 and the dehydration unit 22 described later.
[0016]
Reference numeral 10 denotes a phosphate production means, in which magnesium salt or calcium salt is added to the separated water 9 separated in the first solid-liquid separation means 7 to precipitate and grow magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate crystals. . 11 is a phosphate recovery means for recovering crystals of magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate generated by the phosphate generation means 10. The recovered phosphate 12 can be used as a fertilizer raw material. The desorbed liquid 14 from which phosphorus or nitrogen has been removed is returned to the biological reaction denitrification step 6.
[0017]
Reference numeral 16 denotes biological reaction nitrification means for biologically reacting nitrification of the denitrified water from the biological reaction denitrification means 6. 17 is a second solid-liquid separation means, and the biological reaction nitrification means 16 solid-liquid separates the sludge whose biological reaction has been completed. The sludge 18 separated by solid-liquid separation by the second solid-liquid separation means 17 is introduced into the dehydration means 22 and dehydrated. Reference numeral 19 denotes a flocculant admixing means. The flocculant is added to the separated water that has been subjected to solid-liquid separation by the second solid-liquid separation means 17 and mixed by stirring. As the flocculant, at least one of an inorganic flocculant such as polyaluminum chloride, sulfate band, ferric chloride, and polyferric sulfate and a polymer flocculant is used.
[0018]
Reference numeral 20 denotes third solid-liquid separation means, which separates the liquid in which the flocculant is stirred and mixed into the sludge 21 to which the COD component, the remaining phosphorus component, and the like have been transferred and the separated water. The separated sludge 21 is introduced into the dewatering means 22 and dehydrated in the same manner as the sludge 18 from the second solid-liquid separation means 17. Reference numeral 22 denotes a dehydration means. The dewatered sludge 23 reduced in volume by dehydration is incinerated or mixed with raw garbage and used as a raw material for methane fermentation or a raw material for compost.
[0019]
24 is a sand filtration means, which separates and removes a slightly present SS component by subjecting the separated water separated by the third solid-liquid separation means 20 to sand filtration. Reference numeral 25 denotes activated carbon treatment means, which adsorbs and separates residual COD components, chromaticity components, odor components and the like in the sand filtration treated water from the sand filtration means 24.
[0020]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the phosphate classification means 13 is provided after the phosphate collection means 11, and a phosphate crystal having a small particle diameter is supplied to the phosphate generation means 10, thereby providing phosphoric acid. It can be reused as a seed crystal in salt production, which enables efficient and high-quality phosphate production.
[0021]
Furthermore, as the first solid-liquid separation means 7 in the present invention, a gravity settling device, a centrifugal separation device, a floating separation device, a membrane filtration device, a filter cloth filtration device, or the like can be used. For example, when a filter cloth filtration device is used, the filter cloth used is a filter cloth that can remove turbid components and the like, and mainly a filter cloth having an air permeability of 1 to 10000 mL / cm 2 / min. It is done. Further, as the filter cloth filtration device type, a pressure driving type, a pressure squeezing type, a traveling type, a drum type, a multistage disk type and the like are used.
[0022]
In addition, there are two types of water passing methods for filter cloth filtration, an external pressure type and an internal pressure type. Since the SS concentration of the obtained filtrate is filtered using a cake in which turbid components are deposited on the surface of the filter cloth, it can be removed to about 1 mg / L. Moreover, it is not necessary to use an excessive pressurizing pump, and since an inexpensive filter cloth is used, it is economically advantageous.
[0023]
Further, the second solid-liquid separation means 17 and the third solid-liquid separation means 20 in this invention can use a gravity settling device, a centrifugal separation device, a flotation separation device, a membrane separation device, a filter cloth filtration device, etc. It may be selected according to the requirements of water properties. For example, when the membrane separation means is applied to the second solid-liquid separation means 17, the sludge sent from the biological reaction nitrification means 16 has already undergone denitrification and nitrification treatment, so that clogging of the membrane is also reduced. Also, the recovery effect of the membrane flux by cleaning is stable, and stable operation is possible. The type of membrane used for the membrane separation means may be any of ultrafiltration membranes, microfiltration membranes, reverse osmosis membranes, etc. good. Further, the form of the membrane may be any of a flat membrane, a hollow fiber, a tubular shape and the like.
[0024]
According to the phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention having the above configuration, raw urine and septic tank sludge are treated as follows.
[0025]
The raw urine 1 is treated in the first pretreatment means 3 and the septic tank sludge 2 is treated in the second pretreatment means 4 to remove various impurities. The sewage from which the impurities have been removed is sent to the mixing means 5 and mixed uniformly.
[0026]
The sewage from the mixing means 5 is sent to the biological reaction denitrification means 6 to be denitrified. The sludge from the biological reaction denitrification means 6 is sent to the first solid-liquid separation means 7 for solid-liquid separation. The separated water 9 from the first solid-liquid separation means 7 is sent to the phosphate production means 10, where magnesium salt or calcium salt is added, and crystals of magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate are precipitated and grown. To do. In addition, when the amount of nitrogen components at the time of producing magnesium ammonium phosphate by the phosphate production means 10 is low, sewage from the mixing means 5 is sent to the first solid-liquid separation means 7 for supplying nitrogen.
[0027]
The crystals of magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate produced by the phosphate production means 10 are collected by the phosphate collection means 11. The recovered phosphate 12 can be used as a fertilizer raw material. The desorbed liquid 14 from which phosphorus or nitrogen has been removed from the phosphate recovery means 11 is returned to the biological reaction denitrification means 6.
[0028]
On the other hand, the sludge 8 that has been solid-liquid separated by the first solid-liquid separation means 7 is returned to at least one of the biological reaction denitrification means 6 and the dehydration means 22.
[0029]
In the case where the phosphate classifying means 13 is provided, the phosphate recovered by the phosphate collecting means 11 is sent to the phosphate classifying means 13 for classification, and a phosphate crystal having a small particle diameter. Is supplied to the phosphate production means 10 and reused as a seed crystal in the production of phosphate.
[0030]
The denitrified water from the biological reaction denitrification means 6 is sent to the biological reaction nitrification means 16 for nitrification treatment. The sludge whose biological reaction has been completed by the biological reaction nitrification means 16 is sent to the second solid-liquid separation means 17 for solid-liquid separation. The sewage after nitrification treatment from the biological reaction nitrification means 16 is returned to the biological reaction denitrification means 6 as return water 15.
[0031]
The sludge whose biological reaction has been completed by the biological reaction denitrification means 6 is sent to the second solid-liquid separation means 17 for solid-liquid separation. The sludge 18 solid-liquid separated by the second solid-liquid separation means 17 is introduced into the dehydration means 22 and dehydrated. On the other hand, the separated water is sent to the coagulant admixing means 19, where polyaluminum chloride, sulfate band, chloride At least one of an inorganic flocculant such as ferric iron and polyferric sulfate and a polymer flocculant is added and mixed by stirring.
[0032]
The flocculant is added in the flocculant admixing means 19 and the stirred and mixed liquid is sent to the third solid-liquid separation means 20 for solid-liquid separation. The sludge 21 to which the COD component, residual phosphorus component and the like have been separated by solid-liquid separation by the third solid-liquid separation means 20 is introduced into the dehydration means 22 and dehydrated. The dewatered sludge 23 reduced in volume by the dehydrating means 22 is incinerated or mixed with raw garbage and used as a raw material for methane fermentation or a raw material for compost.
[0033]
The separated water separated by the third solid-liquid separation means 20 is sent to the sand filtration means 24, and the slightly remaining SS is separated and removed. The treated water from which the SS component has been separated and removed is sent to the activated carbon treatment step 25, where residual COD components, chromaticity components, odor components and the like in the sand filtration treated water are adsorbed and separated.
[0034]
The clear treated water 26 treated in this way is sent to the next step.
[0035]
The present invention is not only applicable as a newly-installed phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus, but also by adding it to a biological treatment means of an existing phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus or its upstream stage, thereby loading phosphorus or nitrogen. Can be recovered as phosphorus that can be recycled, the flocculant can be reduced, and the amount of generated sludge can be reduced, thereby enabling stable operation.
[0036]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples.
[0037]
The waste liquid consisting of septic tank sludge and raw urine was uniformly mixed by 50% each, and the urinary sewage state and the sewage sewage were mixed with 1.0% of the cationic polymer flocculant and SS and stirred. Table 1 shows the properties of the separated water before and after the recovery of phosphorus when solid-liquid separation is performed by applying a filter cloth filtration solid-liquid separation device as the solid-liquid separation means of the phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment device shown in FIG. .
[0038]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004467897
In order to recover phosphorus as magnesium ammonium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide was added and produced and recovered so as to be 170 mg / L of equimolar PO 4 concentration in the separated water.
[0039]
From the results of the comparison of separated aqueous states before and after phosphorus recovery in Table 1, it was found that phosphorus and nitrogen were effectively recovered. In addition, in the case of a processing flow that does not involve recovery of magnesium ammonium phosphate, the amount of polymer flocculant added was 1.5% to kg · SS, so the amount of polymer flocculant used could be reduced and the phosphorus concentration decreased. As a result, it was found that the amount of polyferric sulfate added to the inorganic flocculant can be reduced by about 70%.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, raw urine, septic tank sludge, combined septic tank sludge, concentrated sludge and other human waste sewage, sewage, etc., or phosphorus or nitrogen contained in the waste liquid of these mixtures, Since it can be recovered as recyclable magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate, and the removal efficiency of phosphorus or nitrogen can be greatly improved, it has a useful effect that the burden on the biological reaction process can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a phosphorus-containing organic sludge treatment apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Living urine 2: Septic tank sludge 3: First pretreatment means 4: Second pretreatment means 5: Mixing means 6: Biological reaction denitrification means 7: First solid-liquid separation means 8: Sludge 9: Separation water 10: Phosphate production means 11: Phosphate recovery means 12: Phosphate 13: Phosphate classification means 14: Desorbed liquid 15: Return water 16: Biological reaction nitrification means 17: Second solid-liquid separation means 18: Sludge 19: Coagulant admixing means 20: Third solid-liquid separation means 21: Sludge 22: Dehydration means 23: Dehydrated sludge 24: Sand filtration means 25: Activated carbon treatment means 26: Treated water

Claims (5)

リン含有有機性汚水の受入貯留手段と、前記受入貯留手段から導入されたリン含有有機性汚水中の夾雑物を除去する前処理手段と、前記前処理手段で処理されたリン含有有機性汚水を均一に混合する混合手段と、前記混合手段で混合されたリン含有有機性汚水を硝化脱窒素処理する生物処理手段と、リン、COD、色度成分を除去する高度処理手段を備えた高負荷脱窒素処理型のリン含有有機性汚水処理装置において、
前記生物処理手段から一部引き抜いた汚水と前記混合手段からの汚水とを分離水と汚泥とに分離する固液分離手段と、前記固液分離手段により分離された分離水からリン酸塩を生成させるリン酸塩生成手段と、前記リン酸塩生成手段において得られたリン酸塩を回収するリン酸塩回収手段とを備えたことを特徴とするリン含有有機性汚水処理装置。
Phosphorus-containing organic wastewater receiving and storing means, pretreatment means for removing impurities in the phosphorus-containing organic wastewater introduced from the receiving and storing means, and phosphorus-containing organic wastewater treated by the pretreatment means High-load dewatering equipped with a mixing means for uniformly mixing, a biological treatment means for nitrifying and denitrifying the phosphorus-containing organic wastewater mixed by the mixing means, and an advanced treatment means for removing phosphorus, COD and chromaticity components In nitrogen treatment type phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment equipment,
Solid-liquid separation means for separating the sewage partially extracted from the biological treatment means and the sewage from the mixing means into separated water and sludge, and producing phosphate from the separated water separated by the solid-liquid separation means A phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus, comprising: a phosphate generation unit that causes the phosphate generation unit to recover the phosphate obtained in the phosphate generation unit.
前記リン酸塩生成手段において生成されるリン酸塩がリン酸マグネシウムアンモニウムまたはリン酸カルシウムであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載されたリン含有有機性汚水処理装置。The phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate produced in the phosphate production means is magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate. リン酸塩を回収した後に、リン酸塩分級手段を設けることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載されたリン含有有機性汚水処理装置。The phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a phosphate classification unit is provided after the phosphate is recovered. 前記リン酸塩分級手段において分級したリン酸塩の一部を、前記リン酸塩生成手段において再利用することを特徴とする、請求項3記載のリン含有有機性汚水処理装置。4. The phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a part of the phosphate classified in the phosphate classification unit is reused in the phosphate generation unit. 前記固液分離手段において分離した汚泥を、前記生物処理手段に返送または脱水処理することを特徴とする、請求項1から4の何れか1つに記載されたリン含有有機性汚水処理装置。The phosphorus-containing organic sewage treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sludge separated in the solid-liquid separation means is returned to the biological treatment means or dehydrated.
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