JP4405657B2 - Hydraulic shock absorber valve structure - Google Patents

Hydraulic shock absorber valve structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4405657B2
JP4405657B2 JP2000328289A JP2000328289A JP4405657B2 JP 4405657 B2 JP4405657 B2 JP 4405657B2 JP 2000328289 A JP2000328289 A JP 2000328289A JP 2000328289 A JP2000328289 A JP 2000328289A JP 4405657 B2 JP4405657 B2 JP 4405657B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
valve
piston
opening window
boss portion
shock absorber
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JP2000328289A
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JP2002130358A (en
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智也 下瀬
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KYB Corp
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KYB Corp
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Description

【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、自動車の懸架装置など車体の振動を抑制する油圧緩衝器に関し、詳しくは、減衰力のばらつきを減少させることのできる油圧緩衝器のバルブ構造に関する。
【0001】
【従来の技術】
この種の油圧緩衝器としては、例えば図3,図4に示すようなものが知られている。まず構造の概要を図面に基づいて説明する。車両に取り付けた状態では図3と上下関係が同じであるので、以下、図3の上下関係で部材の位置或いは部位を説明する。
【0002】
車体と車輪との間に結合部材を介して取付けられる油圧緩衝器は、車体側に取り付けられるピストンロッド1にピストン5と伸側減衰力を制御するピストンバルブを組み付けそれを摺動自在に収容するとともに、下端部に圧側減衰力を制御するベースバルブを装着したシリンダ21を車輪側に取り付けられる外筒22に収容し、外気を遮断するシール24とロッドガイド23とを収容したパッキンケース25を外筒22の上部から嵌挿した後、外筒22の上端部を全周溶接等により密封して形成されている。そして、シリンダ21と外筒22の間にはタンク室Dが形成される。
【0003】
作動油の充満したシリンダ21内をピストンロッド1が上昇する際には、密閉された上部室Aの作動油は、ピストンバルブを介して下部室Bに流出し、この際の通路抵抗が伸側減衰力となる。ピストンロッド1の上昇によって不足するピストンロッド退出体積分の作動油は、前記シリンダ21の下端部に配設されたベースバルブを介してタンク室Dに連なる底部室Cより補充される。
【0004】
つぎに、伸側減衰力を制御するピストンバルブについて説明する。
【0005】
ピストンロッド1の下端部には上部よりも小径のインロー部1Aが設けられ、ここにリーフバルブ3と切欠きリーフバルブ4からなる逆止弁CVの最大撓みを規制するバルブストッパ2,外端が逆止弁CVの撓みの支持径となる環座7,リーフバルブ3,当該リーフバルブ3の下側に重畳され外周に切欠き4Aを設けた切欠きリーフバルブ4,上面が切欠きリーフバルブ4に対向するピストン5を順次嵌挿する。
【0006】
シリンダ21内を上部室Aと下部室Bに区画し外周にガイド5Sを巻着したピストン5には、上部室Aと円環状の下側開口窓5Cとを連通する伸側ポート5Aが穿孔されるとともに、下部室Bと円環状の上側開口窓5Dとを連通する圧側ポート5Bが穿孔されている。上記下側開口窓5Cには、リーフバルブ6からなる伸側減衰弁PVが対向している。続いて、外端が伸側減衰弁PVの撓みの支持径となる環座7,伸側減衰弁PVの最大撓みを規制するバルブストッパ8を順次組み付け、最後にピストンナット9をインロー部1Aのねじ部に螺着し、締付け工具により締結することによりピストンバルブが構成される。
【0007】
作動油の充満したシリンダ21内をピストンロッド1が上昇する所謂伸長工程において、ピストン速度が小さくピストンの下側開口窓5Cと下部室B間の圧力差が小さい所謂低速域においては、伸側減衰弁PVは下側開口窓5Cを覆窓している。このため上部室Aの圧油は、切欠きリーフバルブ4の切欠き4Aを通り、ピストンの上側開口窓5D及び圧側ポート5Bを介して下部室Bに流出し、この際の通路抵抗により、ピストン速度のほぼ2乗に比例する低速域の伸側減衰力を発生する。
【0008】
ピストン速度が増大するのに伴い、切欠きリーフバルブ4の切欠き4Aを通過する流量が増え切欠き前後の圧力差が増大するとともに、伸側ポート5Aを介して上部室Aに連通するピストンの下側開口窓5Cと下部室B間の圧力差も大きくなる。
【0009】
ピストン速度が中速域に近づくにつれ、下側開口窓5Cに対向して配設されている伸側減衰弁PVの外周側が、その合成された撓み剛性に打ち勝って、下側開口窓5Cの外側シート部5Fから押し開かれ、作動油が下部室Bに流出し、この際の通路抵抗と伸側ポート5Aの通路抵抗とにより中速域以降の伸側減衰力を発生する。リーフバルブ6からなる伸側減衰弁PVの撓み剛性と伸側ポート5Aの通路面積を適当に選択することにより、所要の減衰力特性を得ることができる。
【0010】
つぎに、圧側減衰力を制御するベースバルブについて説明する。まず、ガイド11の軸部11Aに、リーフバルブ13と切欠きリーフバルブ14からなる吸込み弁DVの最大撓みを規制するバルブストッパ12,外端が吸込み弁DVの撓みの支持径となる環座17,リーフバルブ13,当該リーフバルブ13の下側に重畳され外周に切欠き14Aを設けた切欠きリーフバルブ14,上面が切欠きリーフバルブ14に対向するバルブケース15を順次嵌挿する。
【0011】
シリンダ21の下端部に嵌着され下部室Bと底部室Cとを区画するバルブケース15には、下部室Bと円環状の下側開口窓15Cとを連通する内周ポート15Bが穿孔されるとともに、底部室Cと円環状の外側開口窓15Kとを連通する外周ポート15Aが穿孔されている。
【0012】
続いて、ガイド11の軸部11Aに、上記バルブケースの外側開口窓15Kに対向するリーフバルブ16からなる圧側減衰弁BV,更に、外端が圧側減衰弁BVの撓みの支持径となる環座17,圧側減衰弁BVの最大撓みを規制するバルブストッパ18を順次組み付け、最後に、ガイドの軸部11Aの下端部を工具により加締めることによりベースバルブが構成される。
【0013】
作動油の充満したシリンダ21内をピストンロッド1が下降する所謂収縮工程において、ピストン速度が小さくバルブケースの下側開口窓15Cと底部室C間の圧力差が小さい所謂低速域においては、圧側減衰弁BVは下側開口窓15Cを覆窓している。このためピストンを介して容積の拡大する上部室Aに補充される分を除いた下部室Bの圧油は、切欠きリーフバルブの切欠き14A,外側開口窓15K,外周ポート15Aを介して底部室Cに開放され、この際の通路抵抗により、ピストン速度のほぼ2乗に比例する低速域の圧側ベース減衰力を発生する。
【0014】
ここで、ピストンを介して容積の拡大する上部室Aに補充される下部室Bの圧油は、ピストン速度が小さくピストンの外側開口窓15Kと上部室A間の圧力差が小さい所謂低速域においては、リーフバルブ3と切欠きリーフバルブ4からなる逆止弁CVは上側開口窓5Dを覆窓している。このため、下部室Bの圧油はピストン5の圧側ポート5Bを通り、切欠きリーフバルブ4の切欠き4Aを介して上部室Aに流出し、この際の通路抵抗により、ピストン速度のほぼ2乗に比例する低速域の圧側背面減衰力を発生する。当該圧側背面減衰力を上記圧側ベース減衰力に付加したものが低速域の圧側減衰力となる。
【0015】
ピストン速度が増大するのに伴い、切欠き14Aを通過する流量が増え切欠き前後の圧力差も増大するとともに、リーフバルブ13の通孔13A,当該通孔13Aと連通する切欠きリーフバルブ14の開口部14B,バルブケースの上側開口窓15D,内周ポート15Bを介して下部室Bに連通するバルブケースの下側開口窓15Cと、底部室C間との圧力差も大きくなる。
【0016】
このため、ピストン速度が中速域に近づくにつれ、下側開口窓15Cに対向して配設されているリーフバルブ16からなる圧側減衰弁BVの外周側が、その合成された撓み剛性に打ち勝って下側開口窓15Cの外側シート部15Fから押し開かれ、作動油が底部室Cに流出し、この際の通路抵抗と内周ポート15Bの通路抵抗とにより中速域以降の圧側ベース減衰力を発生する。
【0017】
ここで、容積の拡大する上部室Aには、ピストン5の圧側ポート5Bを通り、リーフバルブ3と切欠きリーフバルブ4からなる逆止弁CVの合成された撓み剛性に打ち勝ってその外周側を押し開き、下部室Bから作動油が補充され、この際の通路抵抗により中速域以降の圧側背面減衰力を発生する。当該圧側背面減衰力を上記圧側ベース減衰力に付加したものが中速域以降の圧側減衰力となる。
【0018】
逆に、ピストンロッド1が上昇する際には、底部室Cからバルブケースの外周ポート15Aを通り、リーフバルブ13と切欠きリーフバルブ14からなる吸込み弁DVの撓み剛性に打ち勝って、その外周側を押し開き、ピストンロッド1の退出体積分の作動油が下部室Bに補充される。
【0019】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来技術に係わるピストン5とバルブケースにおける上側と下側のバルブ支持構造は形状が類似しているので、解決しようとする課題をピストンバルブの下部室B側のバルブ支持構造を例にして説明する。図3,図4に示すようにピストン5の下面に形成した下側開口窓5Cは、円筒状の中央ボス部5Eと、このボス部5Eより僅かに高く(例えば5μ)した円環状の外側シート部5Fに包囲された環状溝になっている。
【0020】
一方、外端が伸側減衰弁PVの撓みの支持部となる環座7の下側に組み付けられ、伸側減衰弁PVの撓みを規制するバルブストッパ8は、撓みの支持部材となる環座7の外端を下側から確実に保持するため、上面が基端側から外端側に向けて勾配が上方に立ち上がるテーパ面になっている。車輌の要求に合わせ高い減衰力を設定するために、環座7の外径をボス部5Eの外径よりも大きくすると、環座7の外端がバルブストッパ8のテーパ面に押されてピストン5側に押し倒される。
【0021】
ピストン5は、減衰力を安定させるために、円環状のシート部5Fをボス部5Eより僅かに高くした段差を設けているので、ボス部5Eとバルブストッパ8の間に挟持される伸側減衰弁PVは、シート部5Fとボス部5Eとの段差による初期撓みに加えバルブストッパ8がピストン5側に押し倒された分だけ初期撓みが増加する。初期撓みの増加分はテーパ面の出来映えにより変動しこれにより開弁圧力が変化するので、その分減衰力のばらつきが増すことになる。
【0022】
本発明は以上のような実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、環座の外径をボス部の外径より大きくしても減衰力のばらつきが増すことのない油圧緩衝器を提供することである。
【0023】
【問題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、シリンダ内にピストン又はバルブケースからなる隔壁部材を介して二つの油室を区画し、二つの油室は隔壁部材に形成したポートとポートの出口端又はポートの入り口及び出口端の双方に形成した開口窓を介して連通し、当該開口窓は基端側ボス部と外側の円環状シート部とで規制され、当該ボス部とシート部とには開口窓を開閉するリーフバルブが開閉自在に当接し、リーフバルブの基端側背面は環座を介して支持され、当該環座は基端側から外端側に向けて勾配が立ち上がるテーパ面を備えたバルブストッパで坦持されている油圧緩衝器を前提とする。上記リーフバルブは、ピストン側の伸側減衰弁及び逆止弁、又は、バルブケース側の圧側減衰弁及び吸込み弁を構成している。
【0024】
課題を解決するため本発明の採った手段は、ボス部の外周側に当該ボス部の端面に連なり上記環座の外端よりも外側に突出する突起を円周方向に沿って複数突設したことである。各突起は半径方向の突出高さが同一で且つ円周方向に等分して設けることが望ましい。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係わる油圧緩衝器は、図3の従来技術と同じ基本構造を備え、ピストンロッド1がその下端部に装着されたピストン105を介して、シリンダ21内に移動自在に挿入されるとともに、上部室Aと下部室Bを区画する。また、シリンダ21の下端部にはバルブケース115が嵌着され、同じく下部室Bと底部室Cを区画している。
【0026】
ピストンバルブ側の環座107に対応するピストン105の下側開口窓105Cと上側開口窓105Dは上下対称であり、ベースバルブ側の環座117に対応するバルブケース115の下側開口窓115Cと上側開口窓115Dはほぼ上下対称であるので、以下、ピストン,バルブケースの順に、下側開口窓を例にして説明する。
【0027】
図3の従来技術と同じく、ピストン105は上部室Aと下部室Bとを区画し、上部室Aと下部室Bとはピストン105に形成した伸側ポート105Aと圧側ポート105Bを介して連通している。伸側ポート105Aの出口端に形成された下側開口窓105Cは伸側減衰弁PVで開閉され、圧側ポート105Bの出口端に形成された上側開口窓105Dは逆止弁CVで開閉される。
【0028】
下側開口窓105Cに当接する伸側減衰弁PVの上側は、下側開口窓105Cを規制する外側の円環状シート部105Fと中央のボス部105Eに支持され、基端部背面側は環座107で支持されている。環座107はピストンナット9で締結されたバルブストッパ108で支持され、このバルブストッパ108の上面は、基端側から外端側に向けて勾配が立ち上がるテーパ面として形成されている。
【0029】
図1に示す本発明の実施形態を、まずピストンバルブについて、伸側減衰弁PV側のバルブ支持構造から説明する。図1に示すように、本発明に係わるピストンバルブは、バルブストッパ108の上面が基端側から外端側にかけてピストン105側に傾斜する外高(例えば5μ)の緩やかなテーパ面であり、且つ環座107の外端がボス部105Eの外端より大きく通常よりも高い減衰力を設定できる構造になっている。
【0030】
一般に、環座107の外端が伸側減衰弁PVの初期撓みに影響しないようにする方法としては、ピストン105のボス部105Eの外径を環座107の外径より更に大きくすることが考えられる。しかしこの方法による場合は、円環状の下側開口窓105Cの開口面積が減少してしまうので、減衰力の設定自由度が低下する。
【0031】
そこで本発明は、下側開口窓105Cの開口面積を大きく減少させないで、上記の目的を達成する別の方法として開発されたものである。すなわち、下側ボス部105Eの外周側に、当該下側ボス部105Eの端面に連なる突起105Jを円周方向に沿って複数外側に向けて突設し、リーフバルブ6からなる伸側減衰弁PVの基端側上面を、下側ボス部105Eと突起105Jで支持させたものである。伸側減衰弁PVの基端側背面は環座107で支持される。
【0032】
このため、突起105Jは下側開口窓105Cの開口面積を若干小さくするが、下側ボス部105Eの外径全体を大きくするものに比べて開口面積を大きくとれるのである。複数の突起105Jの外方への張り出し高さは、突起105Jの各頂点が環座107の外端よりも外側に突出していればよい。突起105Jは支持部としては最低2個あればよいが、伸側減衰弁PVの撓みの支持部材である環座107の撓みを一様に阻止して減衰力の変動を防止するためには、3個以上であることが望ましい。
【0033】
上記の条件さえ満たせば、複数の突起105Jの外方への張り出し高さには多少の不揃いがあってもよいが、突起105Jは、すべての張り出し高さが同一で且つ円周方向に等分して設けることがより好ましい。何故ならば、突起105Jの各頂点を結ぶ外接円の中心が下側ボス部105Eの軸心と同一で且つ円周方向に等分して設けられるときに、下側開口窓105Cに当接する伸側減衰弁PVの初期撓みが一様になるからである。伸側ポート105Aは突起105Jと干渉しない位置に穿設する。
【0034】
上記の構成によれば、バルブストッパ108の上面テーパにより環座107の外周側がピストン5側に押し倒されそうになっても、円周方向の突起105Jがこれを阻止するので、伸側減衰弁PVの初期撓みを増加させることがないため、減衰力のばらつきの増加を未然に防止することができる。上記突起105Jは、下側ボス部105E側に設ける場合を説明しているが、上側ボス部105G側にも同様に設けることができる。
【0035】
この場合、上側開口窓105Dに当接する逆止弁CVのバルブ支持構造は、上記伸側減衰弁PVのバルブ支持構造と実質的に同じであるので、詳細な説明は省略する。しかし、逆止弁CV側で発生する圧側背面減衰力が圧側減衰弁BV側で発生する圧側ベース減衰力に比べて小さいこともあって、突起105Jは必ずしも双方に設ける必要はなく、下側ボス部105E側にのみ設けてもよい。
【0036】
続いて、上記発明をベースバルブ側に適用する場合について説明する。下側開口窓115Cに当接する圧側減衰弁BVの上側は、下側開口窓115Cを規制する外側の円環状シート部115Fと中央のボス部115Eに支持され、基端部背面側は環座117で支持されている。環座117はバルブストッパ118で支持され、このバルブストッパ118の上面は、基端側から外端側に向けて勾配が立ち上がるテーパ面として形成されている。
【0037】
バルブケース115の下側ボス部115Eの外周側に、当該下側ボス部115Eの端面に連なる突起115Jを少なくても2個望ましくは3個以上円周方向に等分して外側に向けて突設する。この場合も前記ピストンバルブ側と同様に、バルブストッパ118の上面テーパにより環座117の外周側がバルブケース115側に押し倒されそうになっても、バルブケース115の円周方向の突起115Jがこれを阻止するので、リーフバルブ16からなる圧側減衰弁BVの初期撓みを増加させることがないため、減衰力のばらつきの増加を未然に防止することができる。
【0038】
上記突起115Jは、下側開口窓115C側に設ける場合を説明しているが、上側開口窓115D側にも同様に設けることができる。上側開口窓115Dに当接する吸込み弁DVのバルブ支持構造は、上記圧側減衰弁BVのバルブ支持構造と実質的に同じであるので、詳細な説明は省略する。しかし、吸込み弁DVは吸い込み性をよくするためもともと撓み剛性を小さく設定しており、環座117の撓みに起因する吸込み弁DVの初期撓みの影響は小さいので、突起115Jは必ずしも双方に設ける必要はなく、下側ボス部115E側にのみ設けてもよい。
【0039】
また、本発明に係わるピストン105,バルブケース115は、ピストンの下側ボス部105E及び上側ボス部105G,バルブケースの下側ボス部115E及び上側ボス部115Gに対応する環座の外端が、それぞれ各ボス部の外端と同径か又は小さい場合にもそのまま使用することができる。更に本発明は、ピストンバルブ側及びベースバルブ側のいずれか一方に適用してもよいし、又は双方に適用することもできる。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述した通り本発明によれば、リーフバルブを坦持するボス部の端面に連なり且つリーフバルブを背面から支持する環座の外端よりも外側に突出させた突起を円周方向に等分に設けることにより、減衰力の設定自由度が低下することを防ぐことが可能となり、更には、バルブストッパのテーパ面により環座の外周側が隔壁部材側に押し倒されそうになっても、円周方向の突起がこれを阻止するので、リーフバルブの初期撓みを増加させることがないため、減衰力のばらつきの増加を未然に防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係わる油圧緩衝器の要部断面図である。
【図2】本発明に係わるピストンの底面図である。
【図3】従来技術に係る油圧緩衝器の縦断面図である。
【図4】従来技術に係わるピストンの底面図である。
【符号の説明】
A 上部室
B 下部室
BV 圧側減衰弁
CV 逆止弁
DV 吸込み弁
PV 伸側減衰弁
6,16 リーフバルブ(ピストン側,バルブケース側)
21 シリンダ
105 ピストン
105C,105D 開口窓(ピストンの下側,上側)
105E,105G ボス部(ピストンの下側,上側)
105F,115F 円環状シート部(ピストン側,バルブケース側)
105J,115J 突起(ピストン側,バルブケース側)
107,117 環座(ピストン側,バルブケース側)
115 バルブケース
115C,115D 開口窓(バルブケースの下側,上側)
115E,115G ボス部(バルブケースの下側,上側)
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a hydraulic shock absorber that suppresses vibrations of a vehicle body such as an automobile suspension, and more particularly to a valve structure of a hydraulic shock absorber that can reduce variation in damping force.
[0001]
[Prior art]
As this type of hydraulic shock absorber, for example, those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are known. First, an outline of the structure will be described with reference to the drawings. Since the vertical relationship is the same as that in FIG. 3 when attached to the vehicle, the position or part of the member will be described below in the vertical relationship of FIG.
[0002]
A hydraulic shock absorber attached between a vehicle body and a wheel via a coupling member is assembled with a piston rod 1 attached to the vehicle body side and a piston valve for controlling an extension-side damping force and is slidably accommodated. At the same time, a cylinder 21 fitted with a base valve for controlling the compression damping force at the lower end is accommodated in an outer cylinder 22 attached to the wheel side, and a packing case 25 accommodating a seal 24 and a rod guide 23 for blocking outside air is removed. After the upper part of the cylinder 22 is inserted, the upper end part of the outer cylinder 22 is sealed by all-around welding or the like. A tank chamber D is formed between the cylinder 21 and the outer cylinder 22.
[0003]
When the piston rod 1 ascends in the cylinder 21 filled with hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil in the sealed upper chamber A flows out to the lower chamber B through the piston valve, and the passage resistance at this time is increased on the extended side. Damping force. The hydraulic oil corresponding to the piston rod withdrawal volume that is insufficient due to the rise of the piston rod 1 is replenished from the bottom chamber C connected to the tank chamber D via a base valve disposed at the lower end of the cylinder 21.
[0004]
Next, a piston valve for controlling the extension side damping force will be described.
[0005]
An inlay portion 1A having a smaller diameter than the upper portion is provided at the lower end portion of the piston rod 1, and a valve stopper 2 for regulating the maximum deflection of the check valve CV including the leaf valve 3 and the notched leaf valve 4 is provided on the outer end thereof. A notch leaf valve 4 with a notch 4A provided on the outer periphery of the ring valve 7, the leaf valve 3, and the leaf valve 3 that are superimposed on the lower side of the check valve CV is supported. The pistons 5 facing each other are sequentially inserted.
[0006]
An extension port 5A that communicates the upper chamber A and the annular lower opening window 5C is perforated in the piston 5 that divides the inside of the cylinder 21 into an upper chamber A and a lower chamber B and is wound with a guide 5S. In addition, a pressure side port 5B that communicates the lower chamber B with the annular upper opening window 5D is perforated. The expansion side damping valve PV made up of the leaf valve 6 faces the lower opening window 5C. Subsequently, the ring seat 7 whose outer end is the support diameter of the extension side damping valve PV and the valve stopper 8 that regulates the maximum deflection of the extension side damping valve PV are sequentially assembled, and finally the piston nut 9 is attached to the inlay portion 1A. A piston valve is configured by screwing onto a threaded portion and fastening with a tightening tool.
[0007]
In a so-called extension process in which the piston rod 1 ascends in the cylinder 21 filled with hydraulic oil, the extension side damping is performed in a so-called low speed region where the piston speed is small and the pressure difference between the lower opening window 5C of the piston and the lower chamber B is small. The valve PV covers the lower opening window 5C. For this reason, the pressure oil in the upper chamber A passes through the notch 4A of the notch leaf valve 4 and flows out to the lower chamber B through the upper opening window 5D and the pressure side port 5B of the piston. A low-speed extension side damping force proportional to the square of the speed is generated.
[0008]
As the piston speed increases, the flow rate passing through the notch 4A of the notch leaf valve 4 increases, the pressure difference before and after the notch increases, and the piston communicating with the upper chamber A via the expansion side port 5A. The pressure difference between the lower opening window 5C and the lower chamber B is also increased.
[0009]
As the piston speed approaches the middle speed range, the outer peripheral side of the expansion side damping valve PV disposed facing the lower opening window 5C overcomes the combined bending rigidity, and the outside of the lower opening window 5C. The hydraulic fluid is pushed open from the seat portion 5F and flows out into the lower chamber B, and the extension side damping force after the middle speed region is generated by the passage resistance at this time and the passage resistance of the extension side port 5A. The required damping force characteristic can be obtained by appropriately selecting the bending rigidity of the expansion side damping valve PV comprising the leaf valve 6 and the passage area of the expansion side port 5A.
[0010]
Next, a base valve for controlling the compression side damping force will be described. First, a valve stopper 12 for restricting the maximum deflection of the suction valve DV comprising the leaf valve 13 and the notch leaf valve 14 is provided on the shaft portion 11A of the guide 11, and the ring seat 17 whose outer end is a support diameter for the deflection of the suction valve DV. , A leaf valve 13, a notched leaf valve 14 that is superimposed on the lower side of the leaf valve 13 and provided with a notch 14 </ b> A on the outer periphery, and a valve case 15 that has an upper surface facing the notched leaf valve 14 are sequentially inserted.
[0011]
An inner peripheral port 15B that connects the lower chamber B and the annular lower opening window 15C is drilled in the valve case 15 that is fitted to the lower end of the cylinder 21 and divides the lower chamber B and the bottom chamber C. In addition, an outer peripheral port 15A communicating the bottom chamber C and the annular outer opening window 15K is perforated.
[0012]
Subsequently, on the shaft 11A of the guide 11, the pressure side damping valve BV including the leaf valve 16 facing the outer opening window 15K of the valve case, and the ring seat whose outer end serves as a support diameter for the bending of the pressure side damping valve BV. 17. A valve stopper 18 for restricting the maximum deflection of the compression side damping valve BV is sequentially assembled, and finally, a base valve is configured by caulking the lower end portion of the shaft portion 11A of the guide with a tool.
[0013]
In a so-called contraction process in which the piston rod 1 descends in the cylinder 21 filled with hydraulic oil, in the so-called low speed region where the piston speed is small and the pressure difference between the lower opening window 15C of the valve case and the bottom chamber C is small, the compression side damping. The valve BV covers the lower opening window 15C. For this reason, the pressure oil in the lower chamber B, excluding the amount replenished in the upper chamber A whose volume is increased via the piston, is removed through the notch 14A of the notch leaf valve, the outer opening window 15K, and the outer peripheral port 15A. The chamber C is opened, and a pressure-side base damping force in a low speed region proportional to the square of the piston speed is generated by the passage resistance at this time.
[0014]
Here, the pressure oil in the lower chamber B that is replenished to the upper chamber A whose volume is increased via the piston is in a so-called low speed region where the piston speed is small and the pressure difference between the outer opening window 15K of the piston and the upper chamber A is small. The check valve CV comprising the leaf valve 3 and the notched leaf valve 4 covers the upper opening window 5D. For this reason, the pressure oil in the lower chamber B passes through the pressure side port 5B of the piston 5 and flows out into the upper chamber A through the notch 4A of the notch leaf valve 4, and the passage resistance at this time causes the piston speed to be almost 2%. It generates a compression side backside damping force in the low speed range proportional to the power. A pressure side damping force in a low speed region is obtained by adding the compression side back damping force to the compression side base damping force.
[0015]
As the piston speed increases, the flow rate passing through the notch 14A increases, the pressure difference before and after the notch increases, and the through hole 13A of the leaf valve 13 and the notch leaf valve 14 communicating with the through hole 13A. The pressure difference between the bottom chamber C and the lower opening window 15C of the valve case communicating with the lower chamber B via the opening 14B, the upper opening window 15D of the valve case, and the inner peripheral port 15B also increases.
[0016]
For this reason, as the piston speed approaches the middle speed range, the outer peripheral side of the compression side damping valve BV composed of the leaf valve 16 disposed facing the lower opening window 15C overcomes the combined bending rigidity. The hydraulic oil is pushed open from the outer sheet portion 15F of the side opening window 15C and flows out into the bottom chamber C, and a pressure-side base damping force after the middle speed region is generated by the passage resistance and the passage resistance of the inner peripheral port 15B. To do.
[0017]
Here, in the upper chamber A whose volume is increased, it passes through the pressure side port 5B of the piston 5 and overcomes the combined bending rigidity of the check valve CV composed of the leaf valve 3 and the notched leaf valve 4, and the outer peripheral side thereof is overcome. The hydraulic oil is pushed up and replenished from the lower chamber B, and a pressure side rear damping force after the middle speed region is generated by the passage resistance at this time. The pressure side rear damping force added to the pressure side base damping force becomes the pressure side damping force after the medium speed range.
[0018]
On the contrary, when the piston rod 1 moves up, it passes from the bottom chamber C through the outer peripheral port 15A of the valve case, overcomes the bending rigidity of the suction valve DV comprising the leaf valve 13 and the notch leaf valve 14, , And the lower chamber B is replenished with hydraulic oil corresponding to the withdrawal volume of the piston rod 1.
[0019]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the shape of the upper and lower valve support structures in the piston 5 and the valve case according to the prior art is similar, the problem to be solved will be described by taking the valve support structure on the lower chamber B side of the piston valve as an example. To do. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lower opening window 5C formed on the lower surface of the piston 5 has a cylindrical central boss portion 5E and an annular outer sheet slightly higher (for example, 5 μ) than the boss portion 5E. It is an annular groove surrounded by the portion 5F.
[0020]
On the other hand, the valve stopper 8 which is attached to the lower side of the ring seat 7 which serves as a bending support portion of the expansion side damping valve PV and regulates the bending of the expansion side damping valve PV is a ring seat which functions as a bending support member. In order to securely hold the outer end of 7 from the lower side, the upper surface is a tapered surface whose gradient rises upward from the base end side toward the outer end side. If the outer diameter of the ring seat 7 is made larger than the outer diameter of the boss portion 5E in order to set a high damping force in accordance with the requirements of the vehicle, the outer end of the ring seat 7 is pushed by the taper surface of the valve stopper 8 and the piston It is pushed down to the 5th side.
[0021]
Since the piston 5 is provided with a level difference in which the annular seat portion 5F is slightly higher than the boss portion 5E in order to stabilize the damping force, the extension side damping held between the boss portion 5E and the valve stopper 8 is provided. In addition to the initial deflection due to the step between the seat portion 5F and the boss portion 5E, the initial deflection of the valve PV is increased by the amount that the valve stopper 8 is pushed down to the piston 5 side. The increase in the initial deflection varies depending on the appearance of the tapered surface, and the valve opening pressure changes accordingly. Therefore, the variation in the damping force increases accordingly.
[0022]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is a hydraulic pressure in which variation in damping force does not increase even if the outer diameter of the ring seat is larger than the outer diameter of the boss portion. Is to provide a shock absorber.
[0023]
[Means for solving problems]
In the present invention, two oil chambers are defined in a cylinder via a partition member made of a piston or a valve case, and the two oil chambers are formed on a port formed in the partition member and an outlet end of the port or an inlet and an outlet end of the port. Communicating through the opening windows formed on both sides, the opening window is regulated by a base end side boss portion and an outer annular seat portion, and a leaf valve for opening and closing the opening window is provided between the boss portion and the seat portion. The leaf valve's base end-side back is supported via a ring seat, and the ring seat is supported by a valve stopper having a tapered surface whose gradient rises from the base end side toward the outer end side. Assuming a hydraulic shock absorber. The leaf valve constitutes an extension side damping valve and a check valve on the piston side, or a pressure side damping valve and a suction valve on the valve case side.
[0024]
In order to solve the problem, the means adopted by the present invention is that a plurality of protrusions are provided along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the boss part, which are connected to the end face of the boss part and protrude outward from the outer end of the ring seat. That is. It is desirable that the protrusions have the same protrusion height in the radial direction and are equally divided in the circumferential direction.
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The hydraulic shock absorber according to the present invention has the same basic structure as the prior art of FIG. 3, and the piston rod 1 is movably inserted into the cylinder 21 via the piston 105 attached to the lower end portion thereof, The upper chamber A and the lower chamber B are partitioned. A valve case 115 is fitted to the lower end portion of the cylinder 21, and similarly defines the lower chamber B and the bottom chamber C.
[0026]
The lower opening window 105C and the upper opening window 105D of the piston 105 corresponding to the ring seat 107 on the piston valve side are vertically symmetrical, and the lower opening window 115C and the upper side of the valve case 115 corresponding to the ring seat 117 on the base valve side. Since the opening window 115D is substantially vertically symmetric, the following description will be made by taking the lower opening window as an example in the order of the piston and the valve case.
[0027]
3, the piston 105 divides the upper chamber A and the lower chamber B, and the upper chamber A and the lower chamber B communicate with each other via an extension side port 105A and a pressure side port 105B formed in the piston 105. ing. The lower opening window 105C formed at the outlet end of the extension side port 105A is opened and closed by the extension side damping valve PV, and the upper opening window 105D formed at the outlet end of the compression side port 105B is opened and closed by the check valve CV.
[0028]
The upper side of the expansion side damping valve PV that contacts the lower opening window 105C is supported by an outer annular sheet portion 105F that regulates the lower opening window 105C and a central boss portion 105E. 107 is supported. The ring seat 107 is supported by a valve stopper 108 fastened by a piston nut 9, and the upper surface of the valve stopper 108 is formed as a tapered surface with a gradient rising from the base end side toward the outer end side.
[0029]
The embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described first from the valve support structure on the expansion-side damping valve PV side for the piston valve. As shown in FIG. 1, the piston valve according to the present invention is a gently tapered surface having an outer height (for example, 5 μ) in which the upper surface of the valve stopper 108 is inclined toward the piston 105 from the base end side to the outer end side, and The outer end of the ring seat 107 is larger than the outer end of the boss portion 105E, and a damping force higher than usual can be set.
[0030]
In general, as a method for preventing the outer end of the ring seat 107 from affecting the initial deflection of the expansion side damping valve PV, it is considered that the outer diameter of the boss portion 105E of the piston 105 is made larger than the outer diameter of the ring seat 107. It is done. However, according to this method, since the opening area of the annular lower opening window 105C is reduced, the degree of freedom in setting the damping force is lowered.
[0031]
Therefore, the present invention has been developed as another method for achieving the above object without greatly reducing the opening area of the lower opening window 105C. That is, on the outer peripheral side of the lower boss portion 105E, a plurality of protrusions 105J continuous to the end face of the lower boss portion 105E are provided to protrude outward along the circumferential direction. Is supported by the lower boss 105E and the projection 105J. The proximal side rear surface of the extension side damping valve PV is supported by a ring seat 107.
[0032]
For this reason, the protrusion 105J slightly reduces the opening area of the lower opening window 105C, but can increase the opening area as compared with the case where the entire outer diameter of the lower boss portion 105E is increased. The projecting height of the plurality of protrusions 105 </ b> J may be such that each vertex of the protrusion 105 </ b> J protrudes outward from the outer end of the ring seat 107. The protrusions 105J may be at least two support portions, but in order to uniformly prevent the bending of the ring seat 107, which is a support member for bending the expansion side damping valve PV, to prevent fluctuations in the damping force, It is desirable that there are three or more.
[0033]
As long as the above conditions are satisfied, the protruding heights of the plurality of protrusions 105J may be slightly uneven. However, the protrusions 105J have the same protruding height and are equally divided in the circumferential direction. It is more preferable to provide them. This is because, when the center of the circumscribed circle connecting the vertices of the protrusion 105J is the same as the axial center of the lower boss portion 105E and is equally divided in the circumferential direction, the extension contacted with the lower opening window 105C is made. This is because the initial deflection of the side damping valve PV becomes uniform. The extension side port 105A is drilled at a position where it does not interfere with the protrusion 105J.
[0034]
According to the above configuration, even if the outer peripheral side of the ring seat 107 is likely to be pushed down to the piston 5 side by the upper surface taper of the valve stopper 108, the circumferential protrusion 105J prevents this, so the expansion side damping valve PV Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in variation in damping force. Although the case where the protrusion 105J is provided on the lower boss portion 105E side has been described, it can be provided on the upper boss portion 105G side in the same manner.
[0035]
In this case, the valve support structure of the check valve CV that contacts the upper opening window 105D is substantially the same as the valve support structure of the extension-side damping valve PV, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. However, since the pressure side damping force generated on the check valve CV side is smaller than the pressure side base damping force generated on the pressure side damping valve BV side, the protrusions 105J are not necessarily provided on both sides. You may provide only in the part 105E side.
[0036]
Next, a case where the above invention is applied to the base valve side will be described. The upper side of the pressure side damping valve BV that contacts the lower opening window 1 15C is supported by an outer annular seat portion 1 15F that regulates the lower opening window 1 15C and a central boss portion 1 15E, and the rear surface side of the base end portion is the annular seat 1 17 It is supported by. The annular seat 1 17 is supported by a valve stopper 1 18, and the upper surface of the valve stopper 1 18 is formed as a tapered surface whose gradient rises from the base end side toward the outer end side.
[0037]
On the outer peripheral side of the lower boss portion 115E of the valve case 115, at least two protrusions 115J connected to the end surface of the lower boss portion 115E are desirably divided into the circumferential direction and projected outward. Set up. In this case, as in the piston valve side, even if the outer peripheral side of the ring seat 117 is likely to be pushed down to the valve case 115 side by the taper of the upper surface of the valve stopper 118, the circumferential projection 115J of the valve case 115 Therefore, the initial deflection of the compression side damping valve BV formed of the leaf valve 16 is not increased, so that an increase in variation in damping force can be prevented in advance.
[0038]
Although the case where the protrusion 115J is provided on the lower opening window 115C side is described, the protrusion 115J can be provided on the upper opening window 1 15D side in the same manner. Since the valve support structure of the suction valve DV that contacts the upper opening window 1 15D is substantially the same as the valve support structure of the compression side damping valve BV, detailed description thereof is omitted. However, the suction valve DV is originally set to have a small bending rigidity in order to improve the suction performance, and the influence of the initial deflection of the suction valve DV due to the bending of the ring seat 117 is small. Therefore, the protrusions 115J are necessarily provided on both sides. However, it may be provided only on the lower boss portion 115E side.
[0039]
Further, the piston 105 and the valve case 115 according to the present invention have the outer ends of the ring seats corresponding to the lower boss portion 105E and the upper boss portion 105G of the piston, the lower boss portion 115E and the upper boss portion 115G of the valve case, Each can be used as it is even when it has the same diameter or smaller diameter than the outer end of each boss. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to either the piston valve side or the base valve side, or may be applied to both.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the protrusions that are connected to the end surface of the boss portion that supports the leaf valve and project outward from the outer end of the ring seat that supports the leaf valve from the back surface are provided in the circumferential direction, etc. It is possible to prevent the degree of freedom in setting the damping force from being lowered, and even if the outer peripheral side of the ring seat is likely to be pushed down to the partition wall member side by the tapered surface of the valve stopper, Since the circumferential protrusion prevents this, the initial deflection of the leaf valve is not increased, so that an increase in variation in damping force can be prevented in advance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a hydraulic shock absorber according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a piston according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hydraulic shock absorber according to the prior art.
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a piston according to the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Upper chamber B Lower chamber BV Pressure side damping valve CV Check valve DV Suction valve PV Extension side damping valve 6, 16 Leaf valve (piston side, valve case side)
21 Cylinder 105 Piston 105C, 105D Opening window (lower and upper side of piston)
105E, 105G Boss (lower and upper side of piston)
105F, 115F annular seat (piston side, valve case side)
105J, 115J Protrusion (piston side, valve case side)
107,117 Ring seat (piston side, valve case side)
115 Valve case 115C, 115D Opening window (lower side, upper side of valve case)
115E, 115G Boss (lower side and upper side of valve case)

Claims (3)

シリンダ内にピストン又はバルブケースからなる隔壁部材を介して二つの油室を区画し、二つの油室は隔壁部材に形成したポートとポートの出口端又はポートの入り口及び出口端の双方に形成した開口窓を介して連通し、当該開口窓は基端側ボス部と外側の円環状シート部とで規制され、当該ボス部とシート部とには開口窓を開閉するリーフバルブが開閉自在に当接し、リーフバルブの基端側背面は環座を介して支持され、当該環座は基端側から外端側に向けて勾配が立ち上がるテーパ面を備えたバルブストッパで坦持されている油圧緩衝器において、ボス部の外周側に当該ボス部の端面に連なり上記環座の外端よりも外側に突出する突起を円周方向に沿って複数突設したことを特徴とする油圧緩衝器のバルブ構造。Two oil chambers are defined in the cylinder via a partition member made of a piston or a valve case, and the two oil chambers are formed in the port formed in the partition member and both the port outlet end or the port inlet and outlet ends. The opening window communicates via an opening window, and the opening window is regulated by a proximal end boss portion and an outer annular seat portion, and a leaf valve for opening and closing the opening window is freely opened and closed between the boss portion and the seat portion. In contact, the rear end of the leaf valve is supported by a ring seat, and the ring seat is supported by a valve stopper having a tapered surface with a gradient rising from the base end toward the outer end. The valve of the hydraulic shock absorber, characterized in that a plurality of protrusions protruding in the circumferential direction are provided on the outer peripheral side of the boss portion, which are connected to the end face of the boss portion and protrude outward from the outer end of the ring seat. Construction. リーフバルブがピストン側の伸側減衰弁及び逆止弁、又は、バルブケース側の圧側減衰弁及び吸込み弁を構成していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の油圧緩衝器のバルブ構造。2. The valve structure of a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the leaf valve constitutes an extension side damping valve and a check valve on a piston side, or a pressure side damping valve and a suction valve on a valve case side. 各突起は半径方向の突出高さが同一で且つ円周方向に等分して設けることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の油圧緩衝器のバルブ構造。2. The valve structure for a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions are provided with the same height in the radial direction and equally divided in the circumferential direction.
JP2000328289A 2000-10-27 2000-10-27 Hydraulic shock absorber valve structure Expired - Fee Related JP4405657B2 (en)

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