JP4400780B2

JP4400780B2 - Fixed quantity extrusion type hopper and unit with bag breaking function

Info

Publication number: JP4400780B2
Application number: JP2003380564A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 輝彦吉田; 芳孝東郷; 力渋谷; 隆茶木; 重義木村
Original assignee: Kajima Corp
Current assignee: Kajima Corp
Priority date: 2003-11-10
Filing date: 2003-11-10
Publication date: 2010-01-20
Anticipated expiration: 2023-11-10
Also published as: JP2005138090A

Description

本発明は破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパーに関し、とくに袋入り生ごみを貯えて順次破袋しながら定量的に押出すホッパーに関する。本発明は、袋に入れて集められた生ごみを再資源化する際に有効に利用できる。 The present invention relates to a quantitative extrusion type hopper with a bag breaking function, and more particularly to a hopper that stores garbage in a bag and pushes it quantitatively while sequentially breaking the bag. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be effectively used when recycling garbage collected in a bag.

循環型社会の形成を目指して、従来は焼却・埋立て処分されてきた一般家庭やホテル・レストラン等から排出される生ごみ、食品工場等から排出される食品製造残さ、農業・林業・水産・畜産施設や工場等から排出される動植物性残さ等の有機性廃棄物（以下、これらを纏めて生ごみという。）から肥料・飼料・電力エネルギー・熱エネルギー等の有価資源を回収してリサイクルする再資源化技術の研究開発が進められている。例えば特許文献１は、生ごみをスラリー状に粉砕した上でバイオリアクターへ送ってバイオガスと残留有機物とに変換し、バイオガスから燃料電池により電力エネルギーを回収し、残留有機物から肥料・飼料を回収するシステムを開示する。但し、生ごみの多くは合成樹脂製等の袋その他の包装（以下、単に袋という。）に入れて事業所毎に又は公共サービス等により集積場に集められるので、効率的に再資源化処理するためには再資源化できる生ごみと再資源化できない袋等の異物とを分別する必要がある。 Aiming at the formation of a recycling-oriented society, food waste generated from ordinary households, hotels, restaurants, etc. that have been incinerated or landfilled in the past, food production residues from food factories, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, Collect and recycle valuable resources such as fertilizer, feed, electric power energy, and thermal energy from organic waste such as animal and vegetable residues discharged from livestock facilities and factories (hereinafter collectively referred to as garbage). Research and development of recycling technology is underway. For example, in Patent Document 1, food waste is pulverized into a slurry and sent to a bioreactor to be converted into biogas and residual organic matter. Electric energy is recovered from the biogas by a fuel cell, and fertilizer and feed are obtained from the residual organic matter. A system for recovery is disclosed. However, most of the garbage is put in bags or other packaging made of synthetic resin (hereinafter simply referred to as bags) and collected at the collection site at each office or by public services. In order to do this, it is necessary to separate garbage that can be recycled from foreign materials such as bags that cannot be recycled.

図９は、ホッパーに集めた袋入り生ごみを分別する装置の一例を示す。図示例のホッパー１は、袋入り生ごみを貯える容器1Aと、その下端に設けた送り出し用スクリュー（コンベア）２とを有する。容器1Aに貯えられた袋入り生ごみは、スクリュー２により破袋機３へ順次送り出され、定量供給機４を介して分別能力に応じた所定量で異物分別機５に供給される。破袋機３において生ごみの袋を破り、異物分別機５において袋の破片や食器等の異物を生ごみから分別する。図９から理解できるように、袋入り生ごみを効率的に分別するためには（１）袋を破砕（破袋）すると共に（２）定量供給を確保し、更に（３）スクリュー２や破袋機３、定量供給機４における詰まり、即ち閉塞を防止することが重要である。 FIG. 9 shows an example of an apparatus for separating bagged garbage collected in a hopper. The illustrated hopper 1 has a container 1A for storing bagged garbage and a delivery screw (conveyor) 2 provided at the lower end thereof. The garbage in the bag stored in the container 1A is sequentially sent out to the bag breaking machine 3 by the screw 2 and supplied to the foreign matter sorting machine 5 through the fixed amount feeding machine 4 in a predetermined amount according to the sorting ability. The bag breaker 3 breaks the garbage bags, and the foreign matter sorter 5 separates the foreign matter such as broken bags and tableware from the garbage. As can be understood from FIG. 9, in order to efficiently separate the garbage in the bag, (1) the bag is crushed (broken), (2) a fixed supply is ensured, and (3) the screw 2 or broken It is important to prevent clogging, that is, blockage, in the bag machine 3 and the metering feeder 4.

特許文献２は、紐状ごみ等の詰まりを防止しつつ都市ごみを連続的に送り出す装置を開示する。図１０（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）は、特許文献２のごみ供給装置の図式的立面図及び平面図を示す。図示例の装置50は、ホッパー51と、ホッパー51の底部に設けた２軸のスクリュー53からなるスクリューコンベア54と、スクリューコンベア54の出口に昇降自在に設けた刃物48と、刃物48を昇降駆動する昇降機構56とを有する。各スクリュー53は、駆動モータ36で駆動されるスクリュー軸41と、軸41上に設けたピッチP1、P2、P3（P3＞P1＞P2）の三組のスクリュー羽根42、43、44とを有する。白矢印Ｉで示すようにホッパー供給口52へ投入された都市ごみは、矢印55の回転向きのように逆向きに回転する２本のスクリュー53によりスクリュー先端45の出口へ排出される。その出口において、昇降機構56の駆動モータ37が駆動チェーン38を介して変速輪39を駆動することにより刃物48を昇降運動させ、刃物48の刃先48aの上下動により塊状の都市ごみを切断・せん断・解砕する。切断された都市ごみは白矢印Ｏで示すように重力により落下する。 Patent document 2 discloses an apparatus for continuously sending out municipal waste while preventing clogging of string-like waste and the like. 10 (A) and 10 (B) show a schematic elevation view and a plan view of the waste supply apparatus of Patent Document 2. FIG. The apparatus 50 in the illustrated example includes a hopper 51, a screw conveyor 54 including a biaxial screw 53 provided at the bottom of the hopper 51, a cutter 48 provided at the outlet of the screw conveyor 54 so as to be movable up and down, and a tool 48 that drives the cutter 48 up and down. And an elevating mechanism 56. Each screw 53 has a screw shaft 41 driven by a drive motor 36 and three sets of screw blades 42, 43, 44 having pitches P1, P2, P3 (P3> P1> P2) provided on the shaft 41. . As shown by the white arrow I, municipal waste introduced into the hopper supply port 52 is discharged to the outlet of the screw tip 45 by the two screws 53 rotating in the opposite directions as indicated by the arrow 55. At the exit, the drive motor 37 of the lifting mechanism 56 drives the transmission wheel 39 via the drive chain 38 to move the blade 48 up and down, and cut and shear the lump of municipal waste by the vertical movement of the cutting edge 48a of the blade 48.・ Disintegrate. The cut municipal waste falls by gravity as indicated by the white arrow O.

特許文献２のごみ供給装置は、各スクリュー軸41が軸受46、47により一端で独立に枢支され、他端（スクリュー先端）45が軸受無しで開放されているので、紐状ごみのスクリュー軸41への絡まりを防止できる。また、スクリューコンベア54の両スクリュー53の逆向き回転55とスクリュー羽根42のピッチP1とによって定量的搬送が可能であり、スクリュー羽根43、44におけるピッチP2、P3の変化（粗密の変化）とスクリューコンベア54の出口における塊状ごみの切断等とによって連続的な（間欠的でない）ごみの供給が確保できる。 In the dust supply device of Patent Document 2, each screw shaft 41 is pivotally supported at one end independently by bearings 46 and 47, and the other end (screw tip) 45 is opened without a bearing. Tangle to 41 can be prevented. In addition, quantitative conveyance is possible by the reverse rotation 55 of both screws 53 of the screw conveyor 54 and the pitch P1 of the screw blades 42. Changes in the pitches P2, P3 (changes in density) in the screw blades 43, 44 and screws A continuous (non-intermittent) supply of garbage can be ensured by cutting the litter at the outlet of the conveyor 54 and the like.

特許第３０６４２７２号公報Japanese Patent No. 3064272 特開平１−０９２１１３号公報JP-A-1-092113

しかし図９に示す従来の分別装置は、ホッパー１と異物分別機５との間に破袋機３及び定量供給機４を配置するので、重力を利用する場合は複数の機器を重力方向に積み重ねる必要があり、設置の高さが問題となる。例えば地下ピットに設置する場合には深い掘削が必要となり、地上に設置する場合は建屋を高くする必要があり、何れも建設費や維持費が嵩む要因となる。また、使用する機器の数が多いことも設備・運転コストが嵩む要因となる。 However, since the conventional sorting apparatus shown in FIG. 9 arranges the bag breaker 3 and the fixed amount feeder 4 between the hopper 1 and the foreign matter sorter 5, when using gravity, a plurality of devices are stacked in the direction of gravity. It is necessary and the height of installation becomes a problem. For example, deep excavation is required when installed in an underground pit, and a building needs to be raised when installed on the ground, both of which increase construction costs and maintenance costs. In addition, the large number of devices used increases the facility and operating costs.

他方、図１０のごみ供給装置50は、ホッパー51のスクリューコンベア54と刃物48の昇降機構56とを単独の装置内に組み込むので、設置スペースのある程度の縮小が期待できる。しかし同装置50は、昇降機構56の刃物48とスクリューコンベア54の出口との間にかなり空隙あり、袋入り生ごみが刃物48と一緒に移動してしまうので、袋入り生ごみの確実な破袋は難しい。破袋が不十分であると、袋の内・外間の密度差が解消できず、定量供給も期待できない。また、スクリューコンベア54と昇降機構56とを同時に駆動する必要があるので、運転コストが嵩む問題点もある。生ごみ再資源化事業の普及を図るためには、前述した袋入り生ごみの破袋、定量供給及び閉塞防止を確実に且つ経済的に実現できる技術の開発が必要である。 On the other hand, since the dust supply device 50 of FIG. 10 incorporates the screw conveyor 54 of the hopper 51 and the lifting mechanism 56 of the blade 48 into a single device, it can be expected that the installation space will be reduced to some extent. However, the device 50 has a considerable gap between the blade 48 of the lifting mechanism 56 and the outlet of the screw conveyor 54, and the garbage in the bag moves together with the blade 48, so that the garbage in the bag is surely broken. The bag is difficult. If the bag breakage is inadequate, the density difference between the inside and outside of the bag cannot be resolved, and a quantitative supply cannot be expected. Further, since it is necessary to drive the screw conveyor 54 and the lifting mechanism 56 at the same time, there is a problem that the operation cost increases. In order to disseminate the garbage recycling business, it is necessary to develop a technology that can reliably and economically realize the above-described bag breaking, quantitative supply and prevention of clogging of bagged garbage.

そこで本発明の目的は、袋入り生ごみを確実に且つ経済的に破袋して定量供給できるホッパーを提供することにある。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hopper that can reliably and economically break the garbage in a bag and supply it quantitatively.

本発明者は、ホッパー底部のスクリューコンベアに破袋機能を持たせることに着目した。例えば、図１０のスクリューコンベア54の２軸のスクリュー53に破袋機能を持たせ、袋入り生ごみを定量的に押出しながら破袋できれば、破袋機及び定量供給機を省略して設備の小型化及び省資源化・省エネルギー化を図ることができる。また、スクリューコンベア54の駆動エネルギーを袋入り生ごみの破袋に利用できれば極めて経済的である。本発明は、この着想に基づく研究開発の結果、完成に至ったものである。 The inventor of the present invention paid attention to providing a screw breaking function to the screw conveyor at the bottom of the hopper. For example, if the biaxial screw 53 of the screw conveyor 54 in FIG. 10 has a bag breaking function and can break the bag while quantitatively extruding the garbage in the bag, the bag breaking machine and the quantitative feeder can be omitted and the equipment can be made compact. , Resource saving and energy saving. In addition, it is extremely economical if the driving energy of the screw conveyor 54 can be used for bag breaking of garbage in bags. The present invention has been completed as a result of research and development based on this idea.

図１〜３の実施例を参照するに、本発明の破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパーは、袋入り生ごみＡを貯えるホッパー１において、ホッパー１の底部に延在してホッパー外方に至る螺旋送り羽根10付き回転軸13の対、各回転軸13のホッパー外方部（符号13Bで示す部分）に送り羽根10と交互に設けられ且つ外径が送り羽根10のそれ以下の螺旋刃付き羽根11、及び両螺旋羽根10、11の外周を覆い外方端に開口12Hを有する筒状外壁12を備え、両軸13の回転に応じ、貯えた袋入り生ごみＡを両軸13と送り羽根10の対と外壁12との間へ定量的に取り込むと共に刃付き羽根11の対により外壁12の内面へ押付けて破砕し、破砕後の袋Ｂと生ごみＣとを開口12Hから押出してなるものである。 1-3, the quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function according to the present invention extends to the bottom of the hopper 1 and reaches the outside of the hopper in the hopper 1 for storing the garbage A in the bag. A pair of rotary shafts 13 with spiral feed blades 10 and spiral blades with an outer diameter smaller than that of the feed blades 10 provided alternately with the feed blades 10 on the outer part of the hopper of each rotary shaft 13 (part indicated by reference numeral 13B) A cylindrical outer wall 12 that covers the outer periphery of the blade 11 and the spiral blades 10 and 11 and has an opening 12H at the outer end is provided, and the stored garbage A in the bag is fed to the shaft 13 in accordance with the rotation of the shaft 13 Quantitatively taken in between the pair of blades 10 and the outer wall 12 and pressed against the inner surface of the outer wall 12 by a pair of blades 11 with blades, and the crushed bag B and garbage C are extruded from the opening 12H. Is.

また図１〜３の実施例を参照するに、本発明の破袋機能付き定量押出しユニットは、袋入り生ごみＡを貯え且つ当該袋入り生ごみＡの押出し用の螺旋送り羽根10付き回転軸13Aの対を底部に有するホッパー１へ着脱自在に取付けるユニットであって、各回転軸13Aのホッパー外方端に着脱自在に固定する螺旋送り羽根10付き延長軸13Bの対、当該延長軸13Bの対の各々に送り羽根10と交互に設けられ且つ外径が送り羽根10のそれ以下の螺旋刃付き羽根11、及び延長軸13Bの対の両螺旋羽根10、11の外周を覆い外方端に開口12Hを有する筒状外壁12を備えてなるものである。 1 to 3, the quantitative extrusion unit with a bag breaking function according to the present invention stores the garbage A in a bag and the rotary shaft with a spiral feed blade 10 for extruding the garbage A in the bag. A unit for detachably attaching a pair of 13A to the hopper 1 having the bottom, and a pair of extension shafts 13B with a spiral feed blade 10 that is detachably fixed to the outer hopper end of each rotary shaft 13A. Covers the outer periphery of the pair of spiral blades 10 and 11 of the pair of the extension shaft 13B and the blade 11 with the spiral blade provided alternately with the feed blade 10 in each pair and having an outer diameter smaller than that of the feed blade 10. A cylindrical outer wall 12 having an opening 12H is provided.

好ましくは、刃付き羽根11の外径を回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の外方端へ向け徐々に拡大し、筒状外壁12の内面における両回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の間の空間と対向する部位（符号12Bで示す部分）に当該空間へ向け突出する例えば断面Ｖ字形の突条14、15を設ける。望ましくは図４に示すように、刃付き羽根11と対向する筒状外壁12の内面及び／又は突条14、15に、例えば回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の長さ方向の線状刃である固定刃23を設ける。更に好ましくは、例えば筒状外壁12の外方端部を回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の長さ方向に対し斜めに切除することにより、開口12Hを筒状外壁12の外方端下面に設ける。また、筒状外壁12の下面開口12Hと対向する上面に両回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の間の空間へ向け突出する固定刃を設けることができる。更に望ましくは、各回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の羽根無し部分と係合するスクレーパを設ける。 Preferably, the outer diameter of blade 11 with blades is gradually enlarged toward the outer end of rotating shaft 13 (or extension shaft 13B), and between both rotating shafts 13 (or extension shaft 13B) on the inner surface of cylindrical outer wall 12 For example, protrusions 14 and 15 having a V-shaped cross-section projecting toward the space are provided at a portion (a portion indicated by reference numeral 12B) facing the space. Desirably, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, a linear blade in the length direction of the rotary shaft 13 (or extension shaft 13 </ b> B) is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall 12 facing the blade with blade 11 and / or the protrusions 14, 15. A fixed blade 23 is provided. More preferably, for example, the opening 12H is formed on the lower surface of the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12 by cutting the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12 obliquely with respect to the length direction of the rotating shaft 13 (or the extension shaft 13B). Provide. In addition, a fixed blade that protrudes toward the space between the rotating shafts 13 (or the extension shafts 13B) can be provided on the upper surface of the cylindrical outer wall 12 that faces the lower surface opening 12H. More desirably, a scraper that engages with a bladeless portion of each rotating shaft 13 (or extension shaft 13B) is provided.

本発明による破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパーは、ホッパー底部に延在してホッパー外方に至る螺旋送り羽根付き回転軸対と、各回転軸のホッパー外方部に送り羽根と交互に設けられ且つ外径が送り羽根のそれ以下の螺旋刃付き羽根と、両螺旋羽根の外周を覆い外方端に開口を有する筒状外壁とを有するので、次の顕著な効果を奏する。 The quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function according to the present invention is provided with a pair of rotating shafts with spiral feed blades extending to the hopper bottom and extending outward from the hopper, and feed blades provided alternately on the outer hopper portion of each rotating shaft. In addition, since the outer blade has a spiral blade with an outer diameter smaller than that of the feed blade and a cylindrical outer wall that covers the outer periphery of both the spiral blades and has an opening at the outer end, the following remarkable effects can be obtained.

（イ）送り羽根と刃付き羽根とを設けた回転軸対を用いてホッパー内の袋入り生ごみを押出すので、袋入り生ごみを押出すと同時に確実に破砕できる。
（ロ）送り羽根により袋入り生ごみを定量的に押出しながら確実に破袋できるので、破袋後の袋の破片及び生ごみを実質上定量的に排出することができる。
（ハ）ホッパーの送り出しスクリュー内で破袋して定量的に排出し、従来の生ごみ再資源化処理に不可欠であった破袋機及び定量供給機を省略し、省資源化・省エネルギー化による経済的な再資源化システムの構築に寄与できる。
（ニ）また、比較的背の高い破袋機及び定量供給機が不要となるため、再資源システムの小型化が可能になる。 (A) Since the garbage in the bag in the hopper is extruded using the pair of rotating shafts provided with the feed blade and the blade with blade, the garbage in the bag can be reliably crushed simultaneously with the extrusion.
(B) Since the garbage in the bag can be reliably broken while quantitatively extruding the garbage with the feed blade, the broken pieces of the bag and the garbage after the broken bag can be discharged substantially quantitatively.
(C) By breaking the bag in the delivery screw of the hopper and discharging it quantitatively, by omitting the bag breaker and the quantitative feeder that were indispensable for the conventional garbage recycling process, saving resources and energy It can contribute to the construction of an economical recycling system.
(D) In addition, since a relatively tall bag-breaking machine and a quantitative supply machine are not required, the recycling system can be downsized.

（ホ）スクリュー延長部をスクリュー本体に対し着脱自在なユニットとすることができるので、刃付き羽根の摩耗時等の交換・保守作業の容易化が図れる。
（へ）筒状外壁の内面に固定刃を設け、刃付き羽根と固定刃とを組み合わせることにより、袋入り生ごみの一層確実な破砕が可能となる。
（ト）筒状外壁の外方端下面に開口を設けることにより、筒状外壁内での袋の破片や生ごみの滞留を避け、閉塞の発生を避けることができる。
（チ）筒状外壁に適宜給水ノズルを設けることにより、送り出しスクリューを簡単に洗浄することができる。
（リ）また、給水ノズルから温水を供給することにより、寒冷地等における凍結した袋入り生ごみも簡単に効率良く破砕し定量供給することができる。 (E) Since the screw extension portion can be a unit that can be attached to and detached from the screw body, the replacement and maintenance work can be facilitated when the blade with blade is worn.
(F) By providing a fixed blade on the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall and combining the blade with blade and the fixed blade, the garbage in the bag can be more reliably crushed.
(G) By providing an opening on the lower surface of the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall, it is possible to avoid bag debris and garbage from staying in the cylindrical outer wall and to prevent the occurrence of clogging.
(H) By appropriately providing a water supply nozzle on the cylindrical outer wall, the delivery screw can be easily washed.
(Li) Further, by supplying warm water from a water supply nozzle, frozen bagged garbage in a cold district or the like can be easily and efficiently crushed and quantitatively supplied.

図１から３は本発明によるホッパー１の一実施例を示す。図示例のホッパー１は、袋入り生ごみＡを貯える漏斗状の容器1Aと、容器1Aの底部に延在しホッパー１の外方に至るスクリュー２とを有する。スクリュー２は一対の水平で平行な螺旋送り羽根10付き回転軸13を有し、各回転軸13のホッパー１外方部の周面に外径が送り羽根10のそれ以下の螺旋刃付き羽根11を送り羽根10と交互に設け、刃付き羽根11の外周に生ごみ袋Ｂを破断するための刃を形成する。またスクリュー２に両回転軸13の送り羽根10及び刃付き羽根11の外周を覆う筒状外壁12を設け、筒状外壁12の外方端に開口12Hを形成する。スクリュー２の開口12Hと反対側端には回転軸13の回転を駆動する回転軸駆動部40を接続する。 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a hopper 1 according to the invention. The hopper 1 in the illustrated example has a funnel-shaped container 1A for storing bagged garbage A, and a screw 2 that extends to the bottom of the container 1A and reaches the outside of the hopper 1. The screw 2 has a pair of horizontal and parallel rotating shafts 13 with spiral feed blades 10, and a blade 11 with spiral blades whose outer diameter is less than that of the feed blades 10 on the outer surface of the hopper 1 of each rotating shaft 13. Are alternately provided with the feed blade 10 to form a blade for breaking the garbage bag B on the outer periphery of the blade 11 with blade. The screw 2 is provided with a cylindrical outer wall 12 that covers the outer periphery of the feed blade 10 of the rotary shaft 13 and the bladed blade 11, and an opening 12H is formed at the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12. A rotary shaft drive unit 40 that drives the rotation of the rotary shaft 13 is connected to the end of the screw 2 opposite to the opening 12H.

図示例のスクリュー２は、ホッパー１の底部に一体的に設けたスクリュー本体部2Aの外方端に、接続部12Cを介して破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット（スクリュー延長部）2Bを取付けたものである。定量押出しユニット2Bは、スクリュー本体部2Aの回転軸本体部13Aに着脱自在に固定する延長軸（回転軸延長部）13Bと、スクリュー本体部2Aの筒状外壁本体部12Aに接続部12Cを介して固定する筒状外壁延長部12Bとを有する。延長軸13Bの外周に螺旋送り羽根10と螺旋刃付き羽根11とを交互に設ける。延長軸13B上の送り羽根10は、回転軸本体部13A上のそれと連続した延長部とすることができる。スクリュー２の外方端を着脱自在なユニットとすることにより、例えば刃付き羽根11が摩耗した場合の交換等の容易化が図れる。但し、スクリュー２は着脱自在な定量押出しユニット2Bを用いたものに限らず、回転軸13A、13Bと筒状外壁12A、12Bとを一体の長いものとし、その長い回転軸13のホッパー１外方部に刃付き羽根11を形成したものとすることができる。 The screw 2 in the illustrated example has a quantitative extrusion unit (screw extension) 2B with a bag breaking function attached to the outer end of a screw main body 2A integrally provided at the bottom of the hopper 1 through a connecting portion 12C. It is. The quantitative extrusion unit 2B includes an extension shaft (rotation shaft extension portion) 13B that is detachably fixed to the rotation shaft main body portion 13A of the screw main body portion 2A, and a cylindrical outer wall main body portion 12A of the screw main body portion 2A via a connection portion 12C. And a cylindrical outer wall extension 12B to be fixed. A spiral feed blade 10 and a blade 11 with a spiral blade are alternately provided on the outer periphery of the extension shaft 13B. The feed blade 10 on the extension shaft 13B can be an extension portion continuous with that on the rotary shaft main body portion 13A. By making the outer end of the screw 2 a detachable unit, for example, replacement when the bladed blade 11 is worn can be facilitated. However, the screw 2 is not limited to the one using the detachable quantitative extrusion unit 2B, and the rotating shafts 13A, 13B and the cylindrical outer walls 12A, 12B are integrally long, and the outer side of the hopper 1 of the long rotating shaft 13 The bladed blade 11 may be formed in the part.

刃付き羽根11は、螺旋送り羽根10のピッチの間に送り羽根10とほぼ同じピッチで設け、ホッパー１の内方側の外径を小さくし外方側に向け外径を徐々に大きくすることが望ましい。図示例では、筒状外壁12の内径と送り羽根10の外径とをそれぞれ全長に亘り一定とし、刃付き羽根11の外方端の外径を送り羽根10と等しくしている。刃付き羽根11の外径をホッパー１の外方側に向け徐々に拡大することにより、刃付き羽根11が送り羽根10による袋入り生ごみＡの円滑な搬送の障害となるのを避けることができる。 Blades with blades 11 are provided at the same pitch as the feed blades 10 between the pitches of the spiral feed blades 10, and the outer diameter of the inner side of the hopper 1 is reduced and the outer diameter is gradually increased toward the outer side. Is desirable. In the illustrated example, the inner diameter of the cylindrical outer wall 12 and the outer diameter of the feed blade 10 are made constant over the entire length, and the outer diameter of the outer end of the blade with blade 11 is made equal to the feed blade 10. By gradually increasing the outer diameter of the bladed blade 11 toward the outer side of the hopper 1, the bladed blade 11 can be prevented from obstructing the smooth conveyance of the garbage A with the feed blade 10. it can.

また図示例のように、例えば筒状外壁12（外壁延長部12B）の外方端を回転軸13の長さ方向に対して斜めに切断した形状とし、開口12Hを筒状外壁12の外方端下面に形成することが望ましい。できるだけ広い下面開口12Hを設けることにより、後述する送り羽根10の押圧力だけでなく重力による落下作用を利用して破砕後の袋Ｂと生ごみＣとを排出することができる。筒状外壁12の外方端の斜め切断角度にとくに制限はないが、本発明者の実験によれば45度前後が適当である。図３は、筒状外壁12の開口12Hの内方端における筒状外壁12の断面（図２のIII−III線）を図式的に示したものである。更に望ましくは、図５（Ａ）に示すように、筒状外壁12の下面開口12Hの上面に、両回転軸13（延長軸13B）の間の空間へ向け突出して筒状外壁12の内方、すなわちホッパー１に臨むテーパー付き固定刃26を設ける。この固定刃26により、筒状外壁12の外方端における袋Ｂの破片や生ごみＣの滞留を大幅に低減できる。 Further, as shown in the figure, for example, the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12 (outer wall extension 12B) is cut obliquely with respect to the length direction of the rotating shaft 13, and the opening 12H is formed on the outer side of the cylindrical outer wall 12. It is desirable to form on the lower surface of the end. By providing the lower opening 12H as wide as possible, the crushed bag B and the garbage C can be discharged using not only the pressing force of the feed blade 10 described later but also the dropping action by gravity. Although there is no particular limitation on the oblique cutting angle at the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12, around 45 degrees is appropriate according to the experiments of the present inventors. FIG. 3 schematically shows a cross section of the cylindrical outer wall 12 at the inner end of the opening 12H of the cylindrical outer wall 12 (III-III line in FIG. 2). More preferably, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall 12 protrudes toward the space between the rotary shafts 13 (extension shafts 13B) on the upper surface of the lower surface opening 12H of the cylindrical outer wall 12. That is, a tapered fixed blade 26 facing the hopper 1 is provided. The fixed blade 26 can greatly reduce the retention of the fragments of the bag B and the garbage C at the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12.

動作時にスクリュー２の回転軸駆動部40を駆動すると、各回転軸13の対が同一向きに回転する。その回転に応じて、容器1Aの下端から両回転軸本体部13Aとその送り羽根10とで囲まれる空間の体積に応じた定量の袋入り生ごみＡがスクリュー２に順次取り込まれ、回転軸本体部13Aを介してスクリュー延長部（定量押出しユニット）2Bへ押出される（この取り込み態様について図１０（Ｂ）参照）。袋入り生ごみＡは延長軸13Bに達すると、送り羽根10により筒状外壁延長部12Bの内側へ押付けられると共に、刃付き羽根11により破断される。すなわち、袋入り生ごみＡは延長軸13Bの外周と送り羽根10と筒状外壁延長部12Bの内面とで囲まれた一種の閉空間に押込められるので、刃付き羽根11を回転させながら袋入り生ごみＡへ確実に進入させて、袋Ｂの破片と生ごみＣとに破砕することができる。 When the rotary shaft drive unit 40 of the screw 2 is driven during operation, the pair of rotary shafts 13 rotate in the same direction. In accordance with the rotation, a fixed amount of garbage A in a bag corresponding to the volume of the space surrounded by the rotary shaft main body 13A and the feed blade 10 is sequentially taken into the screw 2 from the lower end of the container 1A, and the rotary shaft main body Extruded to the screw extension (quantitative extrusion unit) 2B through the part 13A (refer to FIG. 10B for this uptake mode). When the garbage A in the bag reaches the extension shaft 13B, it is pressed by the feed blade 10 to the inside of the cylindrical outer wall extension 12B and is broken by the blade 11 with a blade. That is, the garbage A in the bag is pushed into a kind of closed space surrounded by the outer periphery of the extension shaft 13B, the feed blade 10 and the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall extension 12B. It can be surely entered into the incoming garbage A and crushed into fragments of the bag B and garbage C.

定量的に押出され且つ破砕された袋Ｂと生ごみＣとの混合物は、スクリュー延長部（定量押出しユニット）2B内を外方端に向け送られ、筒状外壁延長部12Bの開口12Hから押出される。好ましくは、上述したように下面開口12Hから重力を利用して落下させる。スクリュー延長部（定量押出しユニット）2Bを適当な長さとすることにより、容器1Aから押出された袋入り生ごみＡを開口12Hに到達し落下する前に確実に破砕することができ、更に袋Ｂの破片や生ごみＣの細分化等を確保することも可能である。 Quantitatively extruded and crushed mixture of bag B and garbage C is sent to the outer end through screw extension (quantitative extrusion unit) 2B and extruded from opening 12H of cylindrical outer wall extension 12B. Is done. Preferably, it is dropped from the lower surface opening 12H using gravity as described above. By setting the screw extension part (quantitative extrusion unit) 2B to an appropriate length, the garbage A in the bag extruded from the container 1A can be reliably crushed before reaching the opening 12H and falling down. It is also possible to ensure the fragmentation of garbage and the subdivision of garbage C.

本発明によれば、ホッパー１の回転軸13に送り羽根10と共に刃付き羽根11を設けて袋入り生ごみＡを確実に破砕して定量的に排出することができ、設備の高さを増大せずに破袋と定量供給とが達成できる。また、筒状外壁12の外方端下面に開口12Hを設けることにより、筒状外壁12の外方端における袋Ｂ及び生ごみＣの滞留のおそれを大幅に低減し開口12Hの閉塞を防止できる。更に、従来の破袋機及び定量供給機を使用する場合に比し、機器の数を減らし駆動エネルギーを省くことができので、極めて省エネルギーで経済的な設備とすることができる。 According to the present invention, the blade 11 with the blade is provided on the rotary shaft 13 of the hopper 1 together with the blade 10, so that the garbage A in the bag can be reliably crushed and discharged quantitatively, increasing the height of the equipment. Without bagging and quantitative supply can be achieved. Further, by providing the opening 12H on the lower surface of the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12, the possibility of stagnation of the bag B and the garbage C at the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12 can be greatly reduced and the opening 12H can be prevented from being blocked. . Furthermore, since the number of devices can be reduced and drive energy can be saved as compared with the case of using a conventional bag breaker and a quantitative supply machine, it is possible to provide an extremely energy-saving and economical facility.

こうして本発明の目的である「袋入り生ごみを確実に且つ経済的に破袋して定量供給できるホッパー」の提供を達成できる。 In this way, it is possible to provide the “hopper that can reliably and economically break the garbage in a bag and supply it quantitatively”, which is the object of the present invention.

図２及び３に示すように、スクリュー２の両回転軸13（又は定量押出しユニット2Bの延長軸13B）の間の空間の上方及び下方部分における破袋機能を向上させるため、筒状外壁12のホッパー１外方部（又は筒状外壁延長部12B）の内面にそれ等の部分を埋める突条14、15を設けることが望ましい。即ち、筒状外壁延長部12Bの内側上面及び下面における両回転軸13の間の空間との対向部位に、その空間へ向け夫々突出する断面Ｖ字形の下向き及び上向き突条14、15を形成する。送り羽根10の回転に応じて袋入り生ごみＡを外壁12及び／又は突条14、15へ押付け、前記空間の部分においても刃付き羽根11により袋入り生ごみＡを効率良く破砕することが可能となる。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in order to improve the bag breaking function in the upper and lower portions of the space between both rotary shafts 13 of the screw 2 (or the extension shaft 13B of the quantitative extrusion unit 2B), It is desirable to provide the ridges 14 and 15 that bury these portions on the inner surface of the outer portion of the hopper 1 (or the cylindrical outer wall extension 12B). That is, downward and upward ridges 14 and 15 having a V-shaped cross-section projecting toward the space are formed on the inner upper surface and the lower surface of the cylindrical outer wall extension portion 12B facing the space between the rotating shafts 13, respectively. . According to the rotation of the feed blade 10, the bagged garbage A can be pressed against the outer wall 12 and / or the ridges 14, 15, and the bagged garbage A can be efficiently crushed by the bladed blades 11 in the space. It becomes possible.

また図２に示すように、筒状外壁12のホッパー１外方部（又は筒状外壁延長部）12Bの内面の突条14は、筒状外壁12の外方へ向け突出長を徐々に増大させることが望ましい。即ち、筒状外壁12と両螺旋羽根10、11とのクリアランスを外方端において狭くしホッパー１へ近付くに従って徐々に広くしている。このようなクリアランスの変化は、前述した刃付き羽根11の外径の変化と同様に、袋入り生ごみＡの円滑な搬送と確実な破砕とを確保する上で有用である。なお、突条15の突出長は、容器1Aの下端から筒状外壁12の外方へ向けて一定としている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the protrusion 14 on the inner surface of the outer portion (or the outer portion of the cylindrical outer wall) 12B of the hopper 1 of the cylindrical outer wall 12 gradually increases the protruding length toward the outer side of the cylindrical outer wall 12. It is desirable to make it. That is, the clearance between the cylindrical outer wall 12 and the spiral blades 10, 11 is narrowed at the outer end and gradually widened as it approaches the hopper 1. Such a change in the clearance is useful for ensuring smooth conveyance and reliable crushing of the bagged garbage A, as in the change in the outer diameter of the bladed blade 11 described above. The protruding length of the ridge 15 is constant from the lower end of the container 1A toward the outside of the cylindrical outer wall 12.

図４は、羽根10、11と対向する筒状外壁12（又は筒状外壁延長部12B）の内面（及び／又は突条14）に固定刃23を設けた実施例を示す。同図（Ｃ）及び（Ｄ）に示すように固定刃23は回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の長さ方向の線状刃とすることができ、羽根10、11と交差する向きの固定刃23により袋入り生ごみＡの一層効率的な破砕が期待できる。また同図（Ｂ）では、筒状外壁12の回転軸13と交差する断面上の６箇所に固定刃取付け部20を設け、各取付け部20にそれぞれ固定刃23を一枚ずつ設けている。但し、固定刃23の数及び向きは運転実績等を考慮して適宜選択することができる。各取付け部20に固定刃押え用フランジ21と固定刃ボックス22とを設け、固定刃23の周辺は少し外側に膨らみをもたせ、羽根10、11と固定刃23との接触を避けることができる。各固定刃23には固定刃ストッパー24を貼付け、筒状外壁12の肉厚内によりストッパー24を把持させ、ボックス22へネジ止めされるフランジ21によって固定刃23を交換可能に取付ける。 FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which a fixed blade 23 is provided on the inner surface (and / or the protrusion 14) of the cylindrical outer wall 12 (or the cylindrical outer wall extension 12B) facing the blades 10 and 11. As shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, the fixed blade 23 can be a linear blade in the length direction of the rotating shaft 13 (or the extension shaft 13B), and fixed in a direction intersecting with the blades 10 and 11. With the blade 23, more efficient crushing of the bagable garbage A can be expected. In FIG. 2B, fixed blade attachment portions 20 are provided at six locations on the cross section of the cylindrical outer wall 12 intersecting the rotating shaft 13, and one fixed blade 23 is provided at each attachment portion 20. However, the number and direction of the fixed blades 23 can be appropriately selected in consideration of the operation results. Each mounting portion 20 is provided with a fixed blade pressing flange 21 and a fixed blade box 22, and the periphery of the fixed blade 23 has a slight bulge outward so that contact between the blades 10 and 11 and the fixed blade 23 can be avoided. A fixed blade stopper 24 is attached to each fixed blade 23, the stopper 24 is gripped by the thickness of the cylindrical outer wall 12, and the fixed blade 23 is attached in a replaceable manner by a flange 21 screwed to the box 22.

また図４の実施例は、筒状外壁12上の固定刃取付け部20に給水ノズル25を設けている。例えば寒冷地において、温水をノズル25に供給することにより、凍結した袋入り生ごみＡを解凍しながら破砕することができる。また、同図（Ｂ）に示すように給水ノズル25を主給水弁17M付きの給水管16Mと分岐給水弁17L付きの分岐給水管16A、16Bとを介して適当な給水源に接続し、スクリュー延長部（定量押出しユニット）2B内の洗浄を行なうことも可能である。 In the embodiment of FIG. 4, a water supply nozzle 25 is provided in the fixed blade mounting portion 20 on the cylindrical outer wall 12. For example, in a cold district, by supplying warm water to the nozzle 25, the frozen garbage A in the bag can be crushed while thawing. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5B, the water supply nozzle 25 is connected to an appropriate water supply source via a water supply pipe 16M with a main water supply valve 17M and branch water supply pipes 16A and 16B with a branch water supply valve 17L. It is also possible to clean the extension (quantitative extrusion unit) 2B.

図５は、２本の回転軸13（又は定量押出しユニット2Bの延長軸13B）を平行に維持するため、各回転軸13の外方端を所定間隔で保持する出口軸受けボックス28を設けた実施例を示す。図示例の軸受けボックス28は回転軸13の枢支用軸受け板28Aを含むが、軸受形状は軸受け板28A上の軸受け孔に限定されない。同図（Ａ）において各回転軸13（延長軸13B）上の一点鎖線は、簡単化のため、送り羽根10と刃付き羽根11とを両羽根10、11に外接する円筒として示したものである。 FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which an outlet bearing box 28 is provided to hold the outer ends of the rotary shafts 13 at predetermined intervals in order to keep the two rotary shafts 13 (or extension shafts 13B of the quantitative extrusion unit 2B) in parallel. An example is shown. The bearing box 28 in the illustrated example includes a pivot support plate 28A for the rotary shaft 13, but the bearing shape is not limited to the bearing hole on the bearing plate 28A. In FIG. 2A, the alternate long and short dash line on each rotating shaft 13 (extension shaft 13B) shows the feeding blade 10 and blade with blade 11 as a cylinder circumscribing both blades 10 and 11 for simplification. is there.

図５の例では、各回転軸13（回転軸延長部13B）の出口軸受けボックス28の近傍部位を羽根無しとし、軸受けボックス28の頂部における羽根無し回転軸13の間の空間と対向する部位に固定刃支持板30を設け、支持板30に両回転軸13の間の空間へ向け突出して筒状外壁12の内方（すなわちホッパー１側）に臨む固定刃（垂直固定刃）26を取付けている。固定刃26には、下降するに伴い筒状外壁12の外方端へ近付く形状のテーパが付されている。両回転軸13によって押出され破砕された袋Ｂの破片と生ごみＣとは下面開口12Hから落下するが、何らかの理由により落下せずに外方端へ向かう袋Ｂの破片や生ごみＣを固定刃26で切断することにより、更に細かく粉砕して下面開口12Hへ落下させることができる。なお、図示例では軸受けボックス28と下面開口12Hとを隣接させているが、両者は隣接していなくともよい。 In the example of FIG. 5, the vicinity of the outlet bearing box 28 of each rotating shaft 13 (rotating shaft extension 13 </ b> B) has no blade, and the portion of the top of the bearing box 28 faces the space between the bladeless rotating shaft 13. A fixed blade support plate 30 is provided, and a fixed blade (vertical fixed blade) 26 that protrudes toward the space between the rotary shafts 13 and faces the inside of the cylindrical outer wall 12 (that is, the hopper 1 side) is attached to the support plate 30. Yes. The fixed blade 26 is tapered so as to approach the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall 12 as it descends. The fragments and garbage C of the bag B extruded and crushed by the rotary shafts 13 fall from the lower surface opening 12H, but for some reason, the fragments and garbage C of the bag B heading to the outer end without dropping are fixed. By cutting with the blade 26, it can be further finely pulverized and dropped into the lower surface opening 12H. In the illustrated example, the bearing box 28 and the lower surface opening 12H are adjacent to each other, but they may not be adjacent to each other.

また図５では、回転軸13（又は延長軸13B）の羽根無し部分に係合するスクレーパ27を設けている。固定刃26と軸受け板28Aとの間の羽根無し回転軸13の部分に袋Ｂや生ごみＣ中の紐状異物が絡みついて堆積すると、開口12Hの閉塞や軸回転の異常トルク発生等の原因となる。このような障害を防止するため、回転軸13の外表面に係合する絡み防止用スクレーパ27を出口軸受けボックス28の頂部の支持棒29から吊り下げている。好ましくは、スクレーパ27の上端折曲げ部27Aを同図（Ｃ）に示すように支持棒29に遊嵌し、スクレーパ27の下面先端部を同図（Ｂ）に示すように延長軸13B（回転軸13）の円筒形外周面の径方向と45度程度の傾斜角度で接触させる。図示例は２本の回転軸13（延長軸13B）を同一方向に回転させる場合を示すが、逆方向に回転させる場合もスクレーパ27の係合位置の調節により容易に対応可能である。 In FIG. 5, a scraper 27 that engages with a bladeless portion of the rotating shaft 13 (or the extension shaft 13B) is provided. If string-like foreign matter in the bag B or the garbage C is entangled and accumulated on the bladeless rotating shaft 13 between the fixed blade 26 and the bearing plate 28A, the opening 12H may be blocked or abnormal torque may be generated due to shaft rotation. It becomes. In order to prevent such an obstacle, an entanglement scraper 27 that engages with the outer surface of the rotating shaft 13 is suspended from a support rod 29 at the top of the outlet bearing box 28. Preferably, the upper end bent portion 27A of the scraper 27 is loosely fitted to the support rod 29 as shown in FIG. 3C, and the lower end of the scraper 27 is extended to the extension shaft 13B (rotation) as shown in FIG. Contact with the radial direction of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the shaft 13) at an inclination angle of about 45 degrees. Although the illustrated example shows the case where the two rotating shafts 13 (extension shafts 13B) are rotated in the same direction, the rotation of the rotating shafts 13 in the opposite direction can be easily handled by adjusting the engaging position of the scraper 27.

図６は、破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット（スクリュー延長部）2Bをホッパー１のスクリュー本体部2Aの外方端に取付ける機構の実施例を示す。上述したように本発明のホッパー１は、既設ホッパー１に定量押出しユニット2Bを付加する簡単な改造によって製造することができ、こうすれば刃付き羽根11の摩耗時等に定量押出しユニット2Bの交換が容易である。同図（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）は、取付けアダプタ32とキー機構との組み合わせにより定量押出しユニット2Bの回転軸延長部13Bとスクリュー本体部2Aの回転軸本体部13Aとを着脱自在に結合する継手31の一例を示す。 FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a mechanism for attaching a quantitative extruding unit (screw extension) 2B with a bag breaking function to the outer end of the screw body 2A of the hopper 1. As described above, the hopper 1 of the present invention can be manufactured by a simple modification by adding the quantitative extrusion unit 2B to the existing hopper 1, and in this way, the quantitative extrusion unit 2B can be replaced when the bladed blade 11 is worn. Is easy. FIGS. 4A and 4B show a joint that detachably connects the rotary shaft extension 13B of the quantitative extrusion unit 2B and the rotary shaft main body 13A of the screw main body 2A by a combination of the mounting adapter 32 and the key mechanism. An example of 31 is shown.

図６（Ａ）は、結合前の回転軸本体部13Aの接続端断面図とアダプタ32の一部切欠側面図と回転軸延長部13Bの側面図とを含む分解図である。同図のアダプタ32は、回転軸延長部13Bの基部が嵌入する軸端受入れ孔32V付きの大径部と、回転軸本体部13Aのアダプタ受入れ孔13Vに嵌入する縮径ボス部32Bとを有する。軸端受入れ孔32Vには、回転力伝達用のキー溝32Gと結合用のキー孔32Hとが穿たれている。結合に当たり、矢印J1に示すようにアダプタ32の縮径ボス部32Bに回転軸本体部13Aのアダプタ受入れ孔13Vを差込み、例えば焼きばめ等により一体化する。次に矢印J2に示すように回転軸延長部13Bの基部をアダプタ32の軸端受入れ孔32Vに差込み、図示しないキーをアダプタ32のキー孔32Hと回転軸延長部13Bのキー孔33とに貫通させた上で係止する。同図（Ｂ）は結合後の状態を示す。 6A is an exploded view including a connection end sectional view of the rotating shaft main body 13A before coupling, a partially cutaway side view of the adapter 32, and a side view of the rotating shaft extension 13B. The adapter 32 in the figure has a large-diameter portion with a shaft end receiving hole 32V into which the base portion of the rotating shaft extension 13B is fitted, and a reduced-diameter boss portion 32B to be fitted into the adapter receiving hole 13V in the rotating shaft main body portion 13A. . The shaft end receiving hole 32V is provided with a key groove 32G for transmitting rotational force and a key hole 32H for coupling. In connection, the adapter receiving hole 13V of the rotating shaft main body 13A is inserted into the reduced diameter boss portion 32B of the adapter 32 as shown by an arrow J1, and integrated by, for example, shrink fitting. Next, as shown by the arrow J2, the base of the rotating shaft extension 13B is inserted into the shaft end receiving hole 32V of the adapter 32, and a key (not shown) is passed through the key hole 32H of the adapter 32 and the key hole 33 of the rotating shaft extension 13B. Then lock it. FIG. 5B shows a state after the combination.

図６（Ｂ）において回転軸延長部13Bを回転軸本体部13Aから分離する場合は、上記結合の手順を逆に行なえばよい。但し、アダプタ32を回転軸本体部13Aから分離せずに残し、例えば交換用の定量押出しユニット2Bの回転軸延長部13Bを回転軸本体部13Aに残したアダプタ32へ結合してもよい。同図に示すアダプタ32とキー機構との組み合わせを用いれば、回転軸延長部13Bを容易に回転軸本体部13Aに対して着脱することができる。但し、本発明における定量押出しユニット2Bのスクリュー本体部2Aへの着脱機構は図示例に限定されない。 In the case where the rotating shaft extension 13B is separated from the rotating shaft main body 13A in FIG. 6B, the above coupling procedure may be performed in reverse. However, the adapter 32 may be left without being separated from the rotary shaft main body 13A, and for example, the rotary shaft extension 13B of the replacement quantitative extrusion unit 2B may be coupled to the adapter 32 left on the rotary shaft main body 13A. If the combination of the adapter 32 and the key mechanism shown in the figure is used, the rotating shaft extension 13B can be easily attached to and detached from the rotating shaft main body 13A. However, the attachment / detachment mechanism of the quantitative extrusion unit 2B in the present invention to the screw body 2A is not limited to the illustrated example.

図７は、上述したアダプタ32が結合されたスクリュー本体部2Aを輸送する際に、仮組用短軸34を用いて回転軸本体部13Aのアダプタ受入れ孔13Vとアダプタ32の軸端受入れ孔32Vとを外部の障害物から保護する実施例を示す。この場合は、同図（Ａ）において矢印J1に示すように回転軸本体部13Aのアダプタ受入れ孔13Vにアダプタ縮径ボス32Bを差込み、そのアダプタ32の軸端受入れ孔32Vに仮組用短軸34を矢印J2に示すように差込み、短軸保護部材35の保護孔35Hを仮組用短軸34の突出端に嵌合させる。運送用保護部材でスクリュー本体部2A、アダプタ32、仮組用短軸34、及び短軸保護部材35を結合状態のまま保持すれば、これらの結合用空洞部を高信頼度で保護しつつ輸送できる。図示例の運送用保護部材は、板部材W1、W2、W3、W4及び締付け部材T1、T2からなる。 FIG. 7 shows that when transporting the screw body 2A to which the adapter 32 is coupled, the adapter receiving hole 13V of the rotating shaft body 13A and the shaft end receiving hole 32V of the adapter 32 are used by using the temporary assembly short shaft 34. An example of protecting the device from external obstacles will be described. In this case, the adapter reduced diameter boss 32B is inserted into the adapter receiving hole 13V of the rotating shaft main body 13A as shown by an arrow J1 in FIG. 4A, and the temporary assembly short shaft is inserted into the shaft end receiving hole 32V of the adapter 32. 34 is inserted as shown by an arrow J2, and the protective hole 35H of the short shaft protection member 35 is fitted to the protruding end of the short shaft 34 for temporary assembly. If the screw body 2A, the adapter 32, the temporary assembly short shaft 34, and the short shaft protection member 35 are held in a coupled state by the transport protection member, these coupling cavities are transported while being reliably protected. it can. The transportation protection member in the illustrated example includes plate members W1, W2, W3, W4 and fastening members T1, T2.

図８は、本発明のホッパー１を用いた生ごみの再資源化システムの実施例を示す。収集用トラック60で集めた袋入り生ごみＡを本発明のホッパー１へ投入し、ホッパー１の底部のスクリュー２により破砕後の袋Ｂ及び生ごみＣを定量的に異物分別機５へ投入する。同図に示すように本発明によれば、ホッパー１と異物分別機５との間に図９に示すような別置きの破袋機３や定量供給機４を必要とせず、ホッパー１から直接に破砕後の生ごみＣを定量的に異物分離機５へ供給できるので、設備全体の小型化・省エネルギー化を図ることができる。同図において異物分離機５で分別された袋Ｂの破片等の異物は異物ホッパー62に集められ、搬送装置63により矢印Ｂで示すように異物処理ユニット64へ自動的に配送される。また、異物分離機５で分別された生ごみＣは底部のスクリューコンベア65、スクリュー式送出装置66を介して矢印Ｃで示すようにバイオリアクター等の有価資源回収システム67へ供給され、例えば電力等のエネルギー回収に供される。 FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a garbage recycling system using the hopper 1 of the present invention. The garbage A contained in the bag collected by the collection truck 60 is put into the hopper 1 of the present invention, and the crushed bag B and the garbage C are quantitatively put into the foreign matter separator 5 by the screw 2 at the bottom of the hopper 1. . As shown in the figure, according to the present invention, there is no need for a separate bag breaker 3 or a fixed amount feeder 4 as shown in FIG. 9 between the hopper 1 and the foreign material separator 5, and it is directly from the hopper 1. In addition, since the garbage C after being crushed can be quantitatively supplied to the foreign matter separator 5, it is possible to reduce the size and energy of the entire facility. In the figure, foreign matter such as fragments of the bag B sorted by the foreign matter separator 5 is collected in the foreign matter hopper 62 and automatically delivered to the foreign matter processing unit 64 by the conveying device 63 as indicated by an arrow B. The garbage C separated by the foreign matter separator 5 is supplied to a valuable resource recovery system 67 such as a bioreactor as shown by an arrow C via a screw conveyor 65 and a screw-type delivery device 66 at the bottom. For energy recovery.

本発明による生ごみホッパーの実施例の図式的説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the Example of the garbage hopper by this invention. 図１におけるホッパーの要部の側面図であり、筒状外壁及びスクリュー本体の側壁を透明であると仮定して示す図である。It is a side view of the principal part of the hopper in FIG. 1, and is a figure which supposes that a cylindrical outer wall and the side wall of a screw main body are transparent. 図２の線III−IIIにおける図式的断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. （Ａ）筒状外壁に取付ける固定刃の取付け部の配置を示す図式的側面図、（Ｂ）線B−Bにおける図式的断面図、（Ｃ）線C−Cにおける図式的断面図、及び（Ｄ）線D−Dにおける図式的断面図ある。(A) Schematic side view showing the arrangement of the attachment portion of the fixed blade attached to the cylindrical outer wall, (B) Schematic sectional view at line BB, (C) Schematic sectional view at line CC, D) Schematic cross-sectional view along line DD. （Ａ）テーパ付き垂直固定刃及び絡み防止スクレーパの配置を示す図式的斜視図、（Ｂ）矢印B−Bから見た端面図、及び（Ｃ）スクレーパ枢支構造の説明図である。(A) Schematic perspective view showing arrangement of tapered fixed fixed blade and entanglement scraper, (B) end view seen from arrow BB, and (C) explanatory view of scraper pivot structure. （Ａ）スクリュー本体部とその延長部とのアダプタ利用の結合部の分解側面図、及び（Ｂ）その結合後の側面図である。(A) An exploded side view of a connecting part using an adapter between the screw main body part and its extension part, and (B) a side view after the connecting. （Ａ）スクリューの本体部・延長部間の結合用アダプタと該アダプタの組立用短軸との結合部分の分解側面図、及び（Ｂ）その結合後の側面図である。(A) It is a disassembled side view of the coupling | bond part of the adapter for a coupling | bonding between the main-body part and extension part of a screw, and the short axis | shaft for an assembly of this adapter, (B) The side view after the coupling | bonding. 本発明の一実施例を用いた生ごみの有価資源回収システムの図式的説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the valuable resource recovery system of garbage using one example of the present invention. 従来の袋入り生ごみを分別する装置の一例を示す図式的説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows an example of the apparatus which sorts the conventional garbage in a bag. スクリューコンベアを用いるごみ供給装置の従来例の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the prior art example of the waste supply apparatus using a screw conveyor.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…ホッパー 1A…容器
２…スクリュー 2A…スクリュー本体部
2B…破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット（スクリュー延長部）
３…破袋機４…定量供給機
５…異物分別機
10…螺旋送り羽根 11…螺旋刃付き羽根
12…筒状外壁 12A…筒状外壁本体部
12B…筒状外壁延長部 12C…接続部
12H…開口 13…回転軸
13A…回転軸本体部 13B…延長軸（回転軸延長部）
13V…アダプタ受入れ孔
14…突条 15…突条
16M…給水管 16A、16B…分岐給水管
17M…主給水弁 17L…分岐給水弁
20…固定刃取付け部 21…固定刃押え用フランジ
22…固定刃ボックス 23…固定刃
24…固定刃ストッパー 25…給水ノズル
26…テーパ付き固定刃 27…スクレーパ
27A…折曲げ部 28…出口軸受けボックス
28A…軸受け板 29…スクレーパ支持棒
30…固定刃支持板 31…継手
32…取付けアダプタ 32B…縮径ボス部
32G…キー溝 32H…キー孔
32V…軸端受入れ孔 33…キー孔
34…仮組用短軸 35…短軸保護部材
35H…保護孔
36…駆動モータ（スクリュー53用）
37…駆動モータ（昇降機構56用）
38…駆動チェ−ン 39…変速輪
40…回転軸駆動部 41…スクリュー軸
42、43、44…スクリュー羽根
45…スクリュー先端 46、47…軸受
48…刃物 48a…刃物の下端部（刃先）
50…ごみ供給装置 51…ホッパー
52…ホッパー供給口 53…スクリュー
54…スクリューコンベア 55…回転向き
56…昇降機構
60…トラック 61…異物分離機
62…異物ホッパー 63…搬送装置
64…異物処分ユニット 65…スクリューコンベア
66…スクリュー式送出装置
67…有価資源回収システム（バイオリアクター）
Ａ…袋入り生ごみＢ…生ごみ袋やその破片（異物）
Ｃ…生ごみＩ、Ｏ…矢印
W1、W2、W3…板部材 T1、T2…締付け部材 1 ... Hopper 1A ... Container 2 ... Screw 2A ... Screw body
2B… Quantitative extrusion unit with bag breaking function (screw extension)
3 ... Bag-breaking machine 4 ... Fixed-quantity feeder 5 ... Foreign matter sorting machine
10 ... Helix feed blade 11 ... Hair blade with spiral blade
12 ... Cylinder outer wall 12A ... Cylinder outer wall main body
12B ... Cylindrical outer wall extension 12C ... Connection
12H… Opening 13… Rotating shaft
13A ... Rotating shaft body 13B ... Extension shaft (Rotating shaft extension)
13V ... Adapter receiving hole
14 ... Projections 15 ... Projections
16M ... Water supply pipe 16A, 16B ... Branch water supply pipe
17M ... Main water supply valve 17L ... Branch water supply valve
20… Fixed blade mounting part 21… Flange for fixed blade presser
22 ... Fixed blade box 23 ... Fixed blade
24… Fixed blade stopper 25… Water supply nozzle
26… Tapered fixed blade 27… Scraper
27A ... Bending part 28 ... Outlet bearing box
28A ... Bearing plate 29 ... Scraper support rod
30 ... Fixed blade support plate 31 ... Fitting
32… Mounting adapter 32B… Reduced diameter boss
32G… Keyway 32H… Keyhole
32V ... Shaft end receiving hole 33 ... Key hole
34 ... Short shaft for temporary assembly 35 ... Short shaft protection member
35H… Protection hole
36 ... Drive motor (for screw 53)
37 ... Drive motor (for lifting mechanism 56)
38 ... drive chain 39 ... speed wheel
40 ... Rotary shaft drive unit 41 ... Screw shaft
42, 43, 44 ... Screw blade
45… Screw tip 46, 47… Bearing
48 ... Cutter 48a ... Bottom edge of the cutter (cutting edge)
50 ... Garbage feeder 51 ... Hopper
52 ... Hopper supply port 53 ... Screw
54 ... Screw conveyor 55 ... Rotation direction
56 ... Lifting mechanism
60 ... Truck 61 ... Foreign matter separator
62 ... Foreign matter hopper 63 ... Conveying device
64 ... Foreign matter disposal unit 65 ... Screw conveyor
66 ... Screw delivery device
67 ... valuable resource recovery system (bioreactor)
A ... Garbage in bags B ... Garbage bags and their fragments (foreign matter)
C ... Garbage I, O ... Arrow
W1, W2, W3 ... Plate members T1, T2 ... Tightening members

Claims

袋入り生ごみを貯えるホッパーにおいて、ホッパー底部に延在してホッパー外方に至る螺旋送り羽根付き回転軸対、各回転軸のホッパー外方部に送り羽根と交互に設けられ且つ外径が送り羽根のそれ以下の螺旋刃付き羽根、及び前記両螺旋羽根の外周を覆い外方端に開口を有する筒状外壁を備え、前記両軸の回転に応じ、前記貯えた袋入り生ごみを前記両軸と送り羽根の対と外壁との間へ定量的に取り込むと共に刃付き羽根の対により外壁内面へ押付けて破砕し、破砕後の袋と生ごみとを前記開口から押出してなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 In a hopper that stores garbage in a bag, a pair of rotating shafts with spiral feed blades extending to the bottom of the hopper and extending outward from the hopper. A blade with a spiral blade below that of the blade, and a cylindrical outer wall that covers the outer periphery of both the spiral blades and has an opening at the outer end, and the stored garbage in the bag according to the rotation of both shafts. Capable of quantitatively taking in between the shaft and feed blade pair and the outer wall, pressing against the inner surface of the outer wall with a pair of blades with blades, crushing, and pushing the crushed bag and garbage from the opening with a bag breaking function Fixed quantity extrusion type hopper.

請求項１のホッパーにおいて、前記刃付き羽根の外径を前記回転軸の外方端へ向け徐々に拡大してなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 The quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function, wherein the outer diameter of the blade with blades is gradually enlarged toward the outer end of the rotating shaft.

請求項１又は２のホッパーにおいて、前記筒状外壁の内面における両回転軸間の空間と対向する部位に当該空間へ向け突出する突条を設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 3. The quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a protrusion projecting toward the space is provided at a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall facing the space between both rotation shafts.

請求項１から３の何れかのホッパーにおいて、前記刃付き羽根と対向する筒状外壁内面及び／又は突条に固定刃を設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 4. A quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function, wherein a fixed blade is provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall and / or the ridge facing the blade with blades, according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

請求項４のホッパーにおいて、前記固定刃を前記回転軸の長さ方向の線状刃としてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 The hopper according to claim 4, wherein the fixed blade is a linear blade in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft and has a bag breaking function.

請求項１から５の何れかのホッパーにおいて、前記開口を前記筒状外壁の外方端下面に設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 The hopper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the opening is provided on a lower surface of an outer end of the cylindrical outer wall.

請求項６のホッパーにおいて、前記下面開口を、前記筒状外壁の外方端部を前記回転軸の長さ方向に対し斜めに切除することにより形成してなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 7. The quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function, wherein the lower surface opening is formed by cutting the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall obliquely with respect to the length direction of the rotating shaft.

請求項６又は７のホッパーにおいて、前記筒状外壁の下面開口と対向する上面に前記両回転軸間の空間へ向け突出する固定刃を設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 8. The quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a fixed blade protruding toward the space between the two rotating shafts is provided on the upper surface of the cylindrical outer wall facing the lower surface opening.

請求項６から８の何れかのホッパーにおいて、前記各回転軸の羽根無し部分と係合するスクレーパを設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 The hopper according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the hopper has a bag breaking function and is provided with a scraper that engages with a bladeless portion of each rotating shaft.

請求項１から９の何れかのホッパーにおいて、前記筒状外壁に給水ノズルを設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 10. A quantitative extrusion hopper with a bag breaking function, wherein a water supply nozzle is provided on the cylindrical outer wall according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

請求項１０のホッパーにおいて、前記給水ノズルを常温又は高温の水源からの洗浄用給水管に接続してなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 The hopper according to claim 10, wherein the water supply nozzle is connected to a water supply pipe for cleaning from a normal or high temperature water source and has a bag breaking function.

請求項１から１１の何れかのホッパーにおいて、前記両螺旋羽根付き回転軸対のホッパー外方部及び筒状外壁のホッパー外方部を前記ホッパー底部の回転軸対及び筒状外壁に対し着脱可能なユニットとしてなる破袋機能付き定量押出し型ホッパー。 12. The hopper according to claim 1, wherein a hopper outer part of the rotating shaft pair with both spiral blades and a hopper outer part of the cylindrical outer wall can be attached to and detached from the rotating shaft pair and the cylindrical outer wall of the hopper bottom part. Quantitative extrusion type hopper with bag breaking function as a simple unit.

袋入り生ごみを貯え且つ当該袋入り生ごみ押出し用の螺旋送り羽根付き回転軸対を底部に有するホッパーへ着脱自在に取付けるユニットであって、前記各回転軸のホッパー外方端に着脱自在に固定する螺旋送り羽根付き延長軸対、当該延長軸対の各々に送り羽根と交互に設けられ且つ外径が送り羽根のそれ以下の螺旋刃付き羽根、及び前記延長軸対の両螺旋羽根の外周を覆い外方端に開口を有する筒状外壁を備えてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 A unit for storing garbage in a bag and detachably attaching to a hopper having a rotating shaft pair with a spiral feed blade for extruding the garbage in a bag at the bottom, and detachably attached to the outer hopper end of each rotating shaft Extension shaft pairs with helical feed blades to be fixed, blades with spiral blades provided alternately with the feed blades on each of the extension shaft pairs and having an outer diameter smaller than that of the feed blades, and the outer circumferences of both spiral blades of the extension shaft pair A quantitative extrusion unit with a bag breaking function, comprising a cylindrical outer wall having an opening at the outer end.

請求項１３のユニットにおいて、前記刃付き羽根の外径を前記延長軸の外方端へ向け徐々に拡大してなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 14. A unit for extruding quantitatively with a bag breaking function, wherein the outer diameter of the blade with blade is gradually enlarged toward the outer end of the extension shaft.

請求項１３又は１４のユニットにおいて、前記筒状外壁の内面における両延長軸間の空間と対向する部位に当該空間へ向け突出する突条を設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 The unit according to claim 13 or 14, wherein a quantitative extruding unit with a bag breaking function is provided, wherein a protrusion projecting toward the space is provided at a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall facing the space between the two extension shafts.

請求項１３から１５の何れかのユニットにおいて、前記刃付き羽根と対向する筒状外壁内面及び／又は突条に固定刃を設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 16. The quantitative extrusion unit with a bag breaking function according to claim 13, wherein a fixed blade is provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical outer wall facing the blade with blade and / or the ridge.

請求項１６のユニットにおいて、前記固定刃を前記延長軸の長さ方向の線状刃としてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 The unit of claim 16, wherein the fixed blade is a linear blade in the length direction of the extension shaft and has a bag breaking function.

請求項１３から１７の何れかのユニットにおいて、前記開口を前記筒状外壁の外方端下面に設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 The unit for extruding with a bag breaking function according to any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the opening is provided on a lower surface of an outer end of the cylindrical outer wall.

請求項１８のユニットにおいて、前記下面開口を、前記筒状外壁の外方端部を前記延長軸の長さ方向に対し斜めに切除することにより形成してなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 The unit of claim 18, wherein the lower surface opening is formed by cutting the outer end of the cylindrical outer wall obliquely with respect to the length direction of the extension shaft.

請求項１８又は１９のユニットにおいて、前記筒状外壁の下面開口と対向する上面に前記両延長軸間の空間へ向け突出する固定刃を設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 20. The quantitative extrusion unit with a bag breaking function according to claim 18, wherein a fixed blade protruding toward the space between the two extension shafts is provided on the upper surface of the cylindrical outer wall facing the lower surface opening.

請求項１８から２０の何れかのユニットにおいて、前記各延長軸の羽根無し部分と係合するスクレーパを設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 21. The quantitative extrusion unit with a bag breaking function according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein a scraper that engages with a bladeless portion of each extension shaft is provided.

請求項１３から２１の何れかのユニットにおいて、前記筒状外壁に給水ノズルを設けてなる破袋機能付き定量押出しユニット。 The unit of any one of claims 13 to 21, wherein a quantitative extruding unit with a bag breaking function is provided by providing a water supply nozzle on the cylindrical outer wall.