JP4361916B2 - 金属部材の表面強化方法 - Google Patents

金属部材の表面強化方法 Download PDF

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JP4361916B2
JP4361916B2 JP2006115991A JP2006115991A JP4361916B2 JP 4361916 B2 JP4361916 B2 JP 4361916B2 JP 2006115991 A JP2006115991 A JP 2006115991A JP 2006115991 A JP2006115991 A JP 2006115991A JP 4361916 B2 JP4361916 B2 JP 4361916B2
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metal member
strengthening
coating
pressing force
metal
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JP2007039790A (ja
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正夫 熊谷
嘉雄 神保
文哉 矢ヶ部
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Kanagawa Prefecture
JATCO Ltd
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Priority to EP06013745.2A priority patent/EP1741794B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/56—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • B23P9/04—Treating or finishing by hammering or applying repeated pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/08—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by burnishing or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0605—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/58—After-treatment
    • C23C14/5886—Mechanical treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
    • C21D2201/03—Amorphous or microcrystalline structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Description

本発明は、ＤＬＣ（Ｄｉａｍｏｎｄ Ｌｉｋｅ Ｃａｒｂｏｎ）の被膜を有する金属部材の表面を強化する方法に関するものであり、該金属部材の表層部に結晶粒径の小さな組織を形成し、これにより耐摩耗性等の機械強度のより一層の改善を図ろうとするものである。
機械部品等の金属部材においては、その設計仕様によっては該成品の表面における機械強度や耐摩耗性を高めておく必要があり、従来は、焼入れや浸炭、窒化等の熱処理あるいは金属製品の表面に対してショットピーニングを行なう等の処理を施すことで対処していた（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特許第3212433号公報
ところで、従来の表面強化方法では、何れの処理を行う場合においても大掛かりな設備が必要であり、温度管理やショットの球種の管理が煩雑で品質管理が難しくコストアップが避けられない不具合があること、また、金属部材の特定部位に限定して強化を図るのが難しいうえ、とくに、ショットピーニングを行う場合には、ショットの衝突に伴う温度上昇により焼き戻し軟化を起こしたり、ショットの衝突によって成品の表面が荒れてしまい安定した品質を保持することできないことが懸念された。
本発明の課題は、金属部材の表面強化を図る場合に生じていた上記のような従来の問題を解消できる新規な方法を提案するところにある。
本発明は、金属部材の表面を強化するに当たり、前記金属部材の表面に０．２μｍ以上の厚さになるＤＬＣの被膜を被成し、その表面から２．５ＧＰａ以上の面圧を維持したままでローラを転動させるか、あるいは歯車を転動させることにより繰り返し押圧力を付加することを特徴とする金属部材の表面強化方法である。
また、前記ＤＬＣの被膜の摩擦係数は、０．６未満であるのがとくに好ましい。
金属部材の表面に2.5GPa以上の面圧を維持したまま繰り返し押圧力を付加すると、その部位には平均結晶粒径が１μm以下になる微細な組織（ナノスケールの組織）が生成されることとなり機械強度、耐摩耗性が格段に改善される。
押圧力を付加するに当たって押圧片を用いる場合にはそれを押し当てた状態で摺動させるだけでよく、また、ローラを用いる場合には、該ローラを繰り返し転動させるだけでよいので、大掛かりな設備は必要とせず、しかも金属部材の特定部位の強化が可能となる。
本発明においては金属部材の表面にＤＬＣの被膜を被成するがその理由は、低摩擦、高強度特性を用いて基材（金属部材）の疲労破壊を防ぎつつ微細組織の生成を促すことができるからであり、被膜の厚さは耐摩耗性を確保する観点から、０．２μｍ以上とする。

面圧は2.5GPa以上として、繰り返し押圧力を付加するが、その理由は、このような面圧で繰り返し押圧力を付加すると通常の加工よりも強い歪を繰り返し導入することができこれにより微細な組織を得ることができるからである。
炭素系被膜を有する金属部材Ｂにつき、その外周面の強化を図るには、図１に示すように、金属部材の周面に所定の面圧でもって金属部材Ａを押し当てて転動させればよい。
表1に示すような被膜をそれぞれ有する金属部材Ｂ(鋼種ＳＣｒ420Ｈ(浸炭)：直径26ｍｍ、)を用意して、各金属部材に浸炭処理を施したのちそれぞれの外周面に図２に示すような条件のもとで面圧を付与しつつ繰り返し押圧力を付加すべく金属部材Ａを転動（ローラの回転数：1500ｒｐｍ、潤滑：2L／min、潤滑油温度90°C、すべり率：60％、ローラの材質：SUJ2、ローラの直径：130mm）させて各金属部材の耐ピッチング性について調査を行った。
Figure 0004361916
その結果を図２に示す。本発明にしたがう適合例１（図２中実線で表示）は表１の No.１の被膜を有する金属部材であり、適合例２（図２中点線で表示）は表１の No.２の被膜を有する金属部材であり、適合例３（図２中破線で表示）は表１の No.３の被膜を有する金属部材であり、また、適合例４（図２中一点鎖線で表示）は表１の No.４の被膜を有する金属部材であり、さらに適合例５（図２中二点鎖線で表示）は表１の No.５の被膜を有する金属部材であり、これら適合例１〜５は、被膜を有しない比較例１（図２中太い点線で表示）、TiN（膜厚2.5μm、成膜温度450°ｃ）の被膜を有する比較例２（図２中太い実線で表示）に比べ、その表層や内部を基点にして発生するクラックの発生限界が面圧、繰り返し回数の両方若しくは何れか一方において上昇する傾向にあって耐ピッチング性が改善されることが確認された。
機械的強度に優れた表面層を有する金属部材が安定供給できる。
本発明を実施するのに好適な設備を模式的に示した図である。 面圧と繰り返し回数との関係を示したグラフである。
符号の説明
Ａ 金属部材
Ｂ 金属部材

Claims (3)

  1. 金属部材の表面を強化するに当たり、
    前記金属部材の表面に０．２μｍ以上の厚さになるＤＬＣの被膜を被成し、その表面から２．５ＧＰａ以上の面圧を維持したままでローラを転動させることにより繰り返し押圧力を付加することを特徴とする金属部材の表面強化方法。
  2. 金属部材の表面を強化するに当たり、
    前記金属部材の表面に０．２μｍ以上の厚さになるＤＬＣの被膜を被成し、その表面から２．５ＧＰａ以上の面圧を維持したままで歯車を転動させることにより繰り返し押圧力を付加することを特徴とする金属部材の表面強化方法。
  3. 前記ＤＬＣの被膜は、摩擦係数が０．６未満である、請求項１又は２記載の表面強化方法。
JP2006115991A 2005-07-05 2006-04-19 金属部材の表面強化方法 Expired - Fee Related JP4361916B2 (ja)

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JP2006115991A JP4361916B2 (ja) 2005-07-05 2006-04-19 金属部材の表面強化方法
EP06013745.2A EP1741794B1 (en) 2005-07-05 2006-07-03 Metal surface strengthening method by coating and working
US11/480,584 US7838075B2 (en) 2005-07-05 2006-07-05 Surface strengthening method

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JP2006115991A JP4361916B2 (ja) 2005-07-05 2006-04-19 金属部材の表面強化方法

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US20090175567A1 (en) * 2008-01-09 2009-07-09 Roller Bearing Company Of America, Inc. Cam followers for long life
JP5503344B2 (ja) * 2010-03-10 2014-05-28 株式会社神戸製鋼所 高強度肌焼き鋼部品およびその製造方法

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JP2007039790A (ja) 2007-02-15
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EP1741794B1 (en) 2014-10-01
EP1741794A2 (en) 2007-01-10
US20070009662A1 (en) 2007-01-11

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