JP4273217B2 - 集合方法及びプラスチック複合管 - Google Patents

集合方法及びプラスチック複合管 Download PDF

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JP4273217B2
JP4273217B2 JP2003572748A JP2003572748A JP4273217B2 JP 4273217 B2 JP4273217 B2 JP 4273217B2 JP 2003572748 A JP2003572748 A JP 2003572748A JP 2003572748 A JP2003572748 A JP 2003572748A JP 4273217 B2 JP4273217 B2 JP 4273217B2
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tape
plastic
layer
oriented
radiation
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JP2005518961A (ja
JP2005518961A5 (ja
Inventor
ピエール マッツ
フレデリック ビュレッケン
クロード デーアンノー
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エゲプラスト ベルナー スツルマン ゲーエムベーハー ウント コンパニー カーゲー
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08Tubular products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/02Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
    • B29C63/04Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like
    • B29C63/08Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically
    • B29C63/10Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1435Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. transmission welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1483Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • B29C66/73712General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented mono-axially
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00Producing tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F16L9/123Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement with four layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C55/02Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1409Visible light radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
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    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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    • Y10T428/1352Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
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Description

本発明は、電磁放射線によるプラスチック多層テープの集合方法に関する。
様々な用途の為に、プラスチックの集合体を製造して集合体の構成成分の機械的強度を改善する事が行われている。
例えば、溶融結合の技術を使用して、配向されたプラスチック要素を集合させて高剛性で且つ高い機械的強度のプラスチック複合構造を製造する事は公知である。特に、密接に溶融表面部分を維持してそれらを溶融結合によって集合させる為に、その溶融点付近の温度に維持された配向プラスチック繊維のスタックを圧縮する事が可能である。
然しながらこの方法は、操作に時間が掛かり且つ調節が困難である。それは、現実的には、緻密なプラスチック要素を集合させる為にだけ使用できるものである(特許出願GB−A−2253420)。
又、ヨーロッパ特許EP−B1−0904441から、赤外線レーザーを使用して溶融結合された、配向プラスチックで作られたパラレルストリップの二つのアレイであってそれらの間で90°に近い角度を作るアレイからグリッドを製造する方法も公知である。各ストリップは赤外放射線に対して透明な層と、その放射線を吸収するカーボンブラック充填層を含む二層構造を有する。
然しながら、この方法は、可撓性の残る構造を与え、且つ、圧力に耐えなければならない中空体を製造するのには適していない。
本発明の一つの目的は、公知の方法の欠点を持たない、圧力に耐えることのできる不浸透性の中空体を製造するのに適した方法を提供する事である。
本発明のその他の目的は、集合操作が溶融結合の方法によって行われる時にその集合操作を促進する事である。
この目的の為に、本発明は、電磁放射線によるテープの溶融結合を含み、該テープが、少なくとも一方向に配向されていて且つ該放射線に対して透明である少なくとも一つのプラスチック層と、該放射線によって運ばれるエネルギーを部分的に吸収する少なくとも一つの層を含み、該集合体の少なくとも一つのテープの一つの面がプラスチックで予め形成されている支持体に溶融結合される、多層テープを集合させる方法に関する。
「テープを集合させる方法」と言う表現は、予め形成された支持体とテープを一緒に結合させて、それらの機械的性質の観点から、それらが、単一体で作られているかの様な挙動を示す様にする方法を意味するものと理解される。
本発明方法は、多層テープ、即ち、異なる組成の少なくとも二つの層の重ね合わせによって形成されたテープに関する。
この方法では、集合操作は、テープを互いにそして予め形成された支持体に熔融結合させる事によって行われる。「熔融結合」と言う用語は、集合されるべきテープの表面の小さな深みにわたって材料を熔融させ、次いで、熔融した表面が互いに触れ合い熔融材料が互いに浸透し合って熔融材料を構成する様に、テープを支持体上に一緒に加圧する事から成る集合方法を意味する。
本発明によれば、熔融は、高ネルギー放射線により熔融結合されるべきテープの表面を照射する事によって得られる。
本発明方法では、この高エネルギー放射線は電磁放射線である。この照射は、テープの個々の層が巻き上げ操作中に重ね合わされた後に、又は、巻き上げ操作が管の長さにわたって完結した後に行われても良い。又、全てのテープ層が重ね合わされた後で、最後のテープの巻き上げ操作と同時に、又は、逆に、最後のテープ層が管全体の長さにわたって重ね合わされた後に行われても良い。
本発明方法のテープの材料は、プラスチックで作られる。「プラスチック」と言う用語は、少なくとも1種の合成樹脂ポリマーを含む材料を意味するものと理解される。
プラスチックとしては、任意のタイプの熱可塑性プラスチックが適当である。
「熱可塑性プラスチック」と言う用語は、熱可塑性エラストマー及びそのブレンドを含む任意の熱可塑性ポリマーを意味するものと理解される。「ポリマー」と言う用語は、ホモポリマー及びコポリマー(特に、二成分又は三成分コポリマー)の両方を意味するものと理解される。その様なコポリマーの例として、ランダムコポリマー、線状又はその他のブロックコポリマー及びグラフトコポリマーが挙げられるがこれらに限定されない。
その熔融点が分解温度以下である任意のタイプの熱可塑性ポリマー又はコポリマーが適当である。少なくとも10℃にわたって広がる熔融範囲を有する合成熱可塑性プラスチックが適当である。その様な材料の例としては、その分子量において多分散性を有する材料が挙げられる。
特に、ポリオレフィン、ポリビニルハライド、熱可塑性ポリエステル、ポリケトン、ポリアミド及びそれらのコポリマーを使用する事が可能である。又、ポリマー材料と無機、有機及び/又は天然の充填剤、例えば、炭素、塩及びその他の無機誘導体、天然又はポリマー繊維(これらに限定されない)とのブレンドであっても良い様なポリマー又はコポリマーのブレンドが使用されても良い。
ポリオレフィンが良好な結果を与えた。ポリオレフィンの中では高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)が好ましい。
本発明の集合方法では、多層構造を有するプラスチックテープが使用される。好ましくは、それらは少なくとも一つの配向層を含む。「配向層」と言う用語は、その組成を作り上げているポリマーの分子鎖の少なくとも20質量%が、少なくとも一つの同じ方向に配列されているプラスチックの層を意味するものと理解される。この配向層は幾つかの異なる方向で配列されていても良い。テープのそれぞれは、従って、同時に一方向より多く配向された層を含んでも良い。一種の変形として、テープは、又、各テープで異なる単一方向でそれぞれに配向された層を含んでも良い。更に好ましくは、テープの配向された層は同一の方向に配向される。
本発明によれば、本発明方法で使用されるテープの少なくとも一つの配向層は、熔融結合の為に使用される電磁放射線に対して透明である。「透明」と言う用語は、透明層の材料1g当り100Jを超える吸収を行わない層を意味する。
本発明方法では、使用されるテープは、電磁放射線によって運ばれるエネルギーを部分的に吸収する少なくとも一つの層を含む。「部分的な吸収」と言う用語は、吸収層の材料1g当り300J以上の放射線エネルギーの吸収を意味するものと理解される。
本発明によれば、集合体の少なくとも一つのテープの一つの面が、プラスチック支持体に熔融結合される。支持体のプラスチックはテープの透明層のプラスチックと同じであっても良い。一方、又、テープの透明層とは性質において異なるプラスチックで構成されていても良い。
好ましくは、集合体の少なくとも一つのテープの一つの面の熔融結合は、テープを一緒に結合するのに使用されるものと同じ電磁放射線熔融結合方法を使用して行われる。
テープが熔融結合されるプラスチック支持体が配向又は非配向構造であるかは問題ではない。
好ましくは、プラスチック支持体の構造は非配向である。
集合体を形成する為に本発明方法で熔融結合できるテープの数は広範囲に変えられても良い。一般的には、偶数のテープを一緒に結合する事が好ましい。特に、少なくとも二つのテープが熔融結合された時に有用な結果が得られた。特に有用な結果は、少なくとも四つのテープが熔融結合される時に得られた。好ましくは、最大八つのテープが熔融結合される。
本発明方法を実施するのに好ましい方法では、使用される電磁放射線は、少なくとも700nmの波長を有する。同様に、最大で1200nmの波長を有する電磁放射線を使用する事が好ましい。
最も好ましくは、電磁放射線は赤外放射線である。放射される周波数の全領域にわたって連続スペクトルを持つ赤外線源が適当であり、特に、テープの透明層によって吸収されない波長範囲で主に放射する赤外線源が適当である。その様な赤外線源は、例えば、極めて短い波長、例えば、1000nmの領域で放射するものである。
レーザータイプのコヒーレント赤外放射線により最高の結果が得られた。その様な放射線源の例は、ダイオードレーザー及びNd:YAG(ネオジムをドープしたイットリウムアルミネートガーネット)レーザーである。
本発明方法を実施するのに特に有利な方法によれば、テープは管状の支持体の周りに巻き付けられて熔融結合される。この集合方法によって得られるものは、この場合は、配向プラスチックテープの少なくとも一つの層によって補強された管である。
管状支持体は、一般的にはプラスチックで作られる。このプラスチックの性質は、テープの吸収層のプラスチックと熔融結合で相溶性であるものから選ばれた。好ましくは、非配向プラスチックが管状支持体用に選択されても良い。
本発明方法では、放射線の吸収を担う材料の性質は変動しても良い。吸収層のプラスチックと容易にブレンドできる、吸収層に導入される組成物から選択される。良好な結果はカーボンブラックで得られた。好ましくは、電磁放射線の吸収は総量ではない。更に、熱を発生するのに十分な吸収値が留意されねばならない。実際には、吸収層の材料1g当り少なくとも300Jの吸収水準が良好な結果を与えた。
上述の実施方法と適合する、本発明方法を実施する一つの有利な方法は、管の外周に巻き付けられて熔融結合されたテープが管の方向に対して40〜70°の角度を作る管を製造する事から成る。この角度が55°に近い時に優れた結果が得られた。配列は、更に、後者と交差される先の厚味に結合されるテープのそれぞれの厚味に対して為されても良い。
実際には、管の方向に対する角度が先のテープの厚味の角度の反対である時に良好な結果が得られた。
又、本発明は、多層テープの少なくとも二つの隣接の厚味が熔融結合された、非配向プラスチックコアを含むプラスチック複合管に係り、前記テープは一緒に巻かれて結合されていて、各テープの少なくとも一つの層は電磁放射線に対して透明なプラスチックで形成され且つ少なくとも一方向に配向され、各テープの少なくとも今一方の層はこの電磁放射線を吸収する材料を含む。
好ましくは、テープの隣接する厚味は交差される、即ち、それらは、それらを80〜140°の範囲の角度の間にする様に配列される。
本発明方法の場合で上で定義された特定の用語は、この複合管に対しても同じ意味を有する。上述の方法を実施する様々な選択方法も又、本発明の複合管に関して適用しても良い。
好ましくは、吸収材を含むテープの層は透明層と同じ方法で配向される。配向は透明層の配向と完全に独立的であっても良く、それは、透明層の配向と同じ方向に置かれる吸収層の配向にとって好ましいものであるかも知れない。
本発明の複合管の一つの特定の実施態様では、透明層と同じ方向で配向されていて、更に、この放射線を吸収する材料を含む、同じプラスチックを含む二つの薄い層の間に置かれた、透明な配向材料の単一層から成るテープを含む。この実施態様では、テープの夫々の透明層は、透明層の材料1g当り100Jを超えない700〜1200nmの範囲の波長での電磁放射線吸収を有する。
以下の実施例は、本発明の範囲を何ら限定する事無しに、本発明の例示を目的としたものである。
溝付きバレルと50rpmで回転するバリヤー押出しスクリューを持ち、透明層用の、顔料無しの市販の樹脂と同じ商品名がELTEX−PE100TUB121で、ソルベーポリオレフィンヨーロパ社から市販されている高密度ポリエチレンを50kg/時間で吐出する、直径60mmの第1の押出機と、10rpmで回転するポリオレフィンスクリューを備え、吸収層用に0.5kg/時間で吐出する、直径30mmの第2の押出機の二つの押出機に結合された半月状の供給部を介して供給される、高さ5mmの開口を持つ幅400mmのフラットダイでの共押出しによって二層テープが初めに製造された。吸収層用の第2の押出機で使用された樹脂は、カーボンブラック充填剤を含む市販樹脂のELTEX−PE100TUB121であった。
ダイを出て行く二層シートは、次いで、50℃の平滑カレンダーに通され、115℃の温度条件で、六つの調整ロールに通し、次いで、ロールが増加速度で回転している延伸列において二回の連続通過での(最初の通過で680%延伸し、二回目の通過で30%延伸)延伸配向によって配向テープに変換された。配向されたテープは、次いで、冷却され、縦方向で約10%の僅かな収縮を起こした。
次いで、この配向テープを、二つの連続する厚味が、管の軸に関して+55°と−55°の角度で交差され、カーボンブラック充填層が管の方に向く様に、ELTEX−PE100TUB121の高密度ポリエチレン製の管状コアに手で巻きつけた。
次に、テープを、管の全体の外周に巻き付け、その後で、ビームが8mmの直径に対して平行にされた、出力30Wで波長800nmのCOHERENTブランドのダイオードレーザー源で、巻き付けテープを持つこの管の全体の表面を掃引する事によってテープを互いに熔融結合させ且つ管に熔融結合させた。レーザービームでの熔融結合と管の前進の線速度は0.72m/分であった。
次いで、得られた管の破裂強度を、レーザー放射線によるテープの最後の熔融結合の操作を施さなかった同じ管と比較した。得られた結果は次の通りであった。
Figure 0004273217
熔融結合されたテープは破裂強度を50%増加した事が分かる。
熔融結合されたテープで得られた管は、カーボンブラックを局所的に含む単一タイプの樹脂だけで構成されているので、管状コアの製造方法の中に製造スクラップを再循環させる事が通常可能である。

Claims (10)

  1. 多層テープを集合させる方法であって、電磁放射線によるテープの融結合を含み、テープが、少なくとも一方向に配向されていて且つ放射線に対して透明である少なくとも一つのプラスチック層と、放射線によって運ばれるエネルギーを部分的に吸収する少なくとも一つの層を含み、集合体の少なくとも一つのテープの一つの面がプラスチックで予め形成されている支持体に融結合される事を特徴とする方法。
  2. 少なくとも二つのテープが融結合される、請求項1に記載の方法。
  3. テープのプラスチックの少なくとも一つの層が単一方向に配向されている、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
  4. 電磁放射線が700〜1200nmの範囲の波長を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の方法。
  5. 電磁放射線がレーザー放射線である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の方法。
  6. プラスチックで予め形成されている支持体が非配向のプラスチック管状支持体である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の方法。
  7. 電磁放射線の吸収を担う材料がカーボンブラックである、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の方法。
  8. 多層テープの少なくとも二つの隣接する厚味が融結合されている、非配向プラスチックコアを含むプラスチック複合管であって、前記多層テープの少なくとも1つのテープの面がプラスチックで予め形成されている支持体に熔融結合されており、前記多層テープの各テープが一緒に巻かれて電磁放射線によって互いに熔融結合されていて、各テープの少なくとも一つの層は電磁放射線に対して透明なプラスチックで形成され且つ少なくとも一方向に配向され、各テープの少なくとも今一方の層は電磁放射線によって運ばれるエネルギーを部分的に吸収する材料を含む事を特徴とするプラスチック複合管。
  9. 吸収材を含む層も配向されている、請求項8に記載のプラスチック複合管。
  10. テープが、配向された材料の層で形成されており、700〜1200nmの範囲の波長の電磁放射線に対して透明であり、透明層と同じ方向で配向された同じプラスチックを含み、及び該放射線を吸収する材料を含む二つの薄い層の間に配置されている、請求項8又は9に記載のプラスチック複合管。
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