JP4255329B2 - 2 houses - Google Patents
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- JP4255329B2 JP4255329B2 JP2003276678A JP2003276678A JP4255329B2 JP 4255329 B2 JP4255329 B2 JP 4255329B2 JP 2003276678 A JP2003276678 A JP 2003276678A JP 2003276678 A JP2003276678 A JP 2003276678A JP 4255329 B2 JP4255329 B2 JP 4255329B2
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Description
本発明は、２世帯住宅などの隣接した２棟の住宅とパーゴラとを組み合わせた２棟建て住宅に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a two-storied house in which two adjacent houses such as a two-family house and a pergola are combined.
従来から、親世帯と子世帯が別棟に住まうために、ひとつの敷地を分割して２棟の家を建築することがある。これは１棟の２世帯住宅に比べて、将来的に一方の住宅を売却する場合や他人に貸す場合などの問題を考慮した方法である。このような別棟の２世帯住宅の場合、ひとつの敷地を単純（東西あるいは南北など）に２分割し、それぞれ南側に庭を確保し、北寄りに住宅を配置するという方法が一般的である。 Conventionally, in order for a parent household and a child household to live in separate buildings, one house is divided and two houses are constructed. This is a method that takes into account problems in the case of selling one house in the future or lending it to another person, compared to a single two-family house. In the case of such a two-family house in a separate building, it is common to divide one site into two simple (east-west or north-south), secure a garden on the south side, and place the house on the north side.
また、前述のような別棟の２世帯住宅において、庭などの外部空間を利用して、該外部空間の一部または全体に光を遮ることを目的としたパーゴラを設けることもある。 In addition, in a two-family house in a separate building as described above, a pergola for the purpose of shielding light from a part or the whole of the external space may be provided by using an external space such as a garden.
しかしながら、上述のような２世帯住宅の場合、ひとつの敷地内であっても、別棟となっており、夫々の住宅が南側の庭に向かって開放され、他の方向に対しては閉じられた計画となるため、世帯間の接点が確保しにくく、近くに住みながらお互いの交流がはかり難いという問題がある。また、ひとつの敷地に別棟の住宅を建築しているため、庭などのまとまった外部空間が確保し難いという問題もある。更に、ひとつの敷地を南北に分割して別棟の家を建てた場合、南側の住宅が北側の住宅の庭に迫ってしまうため、該北側の住宅および庭の採光が確保し難いという問題がある。 However, in the case of the two-family house as described above, even if it is in one site, it is a separate building, and each house was opened towards the garden on the south side and closed in the other direction. Because it is a plan, there is a problem that it is difficult to secure contact points between households, and it is difficult to interact with each other while living nearby. Another problem is that it is difficult to secure a large external space such as a garden because a separate building is built on one site. In addition, when one site is divided into north and south and a separate building is built, there is a problem in that it is difficult to secure lighting in the north side of the house and the garden because the house on the south side approaches the garden of the house on the north side. .
また、従来、前述のような住宅の外部空間に利用されるパーゴラは、光を遮ることを目的として利用されてはいたが、お互いの視線あるいは外部からの視線を遮ることを目的として利用されてはいなかった。 Conventionally, the pergola used in the exterior space of a house as described above has been used for the purpose of blocking light, but it is used for the purpose of blocking each other's line of sight or the line of sight from the outside. I didn't.
そこで、本発明の目的は、将来的に一方の住宅を売却する場合や他人に貸す場合に問題が少ないというメリットを確保しつつ、上記問題点の解消をはかり、親子２世帯が快適に住まうことができる住宅を提供することである。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to live comfortably in two families of parents and children while securing the merit that there are few problems when selling one house in the future or lending it to others. It is to provide a house that can.
上記目的を達成するための本発明の代表的な２棟建て住宅の第一の構成は、隣接した２棟の住宅を凹状に組み合わせることで、一方に開放された固定式の仕切り材のないひとまとまりの中庭空間を形成するとともに、前記中庭空間の開放面側に設置される板状の垂直部材と、一端が前記垂直部材の上端に連結され他端が住宅の外壁面に取り付けられた支持部材に支持される板状の水平部材とからなり、光の反射率の高い色で仕上げたパーゴラ用建材を、前記中庭空間に所定のピッチで前記垂直部材どうし及び前記水平部材どうしが厚み方向に連続するように一列に配置してパーゴラを形成し、更に前記板状のパーゴラ用建材の設置ピッチをＬ1、前記水平部材の断面の高さをＨ1としたときの比（Ｌ1／Ｈ1）、および前記中庭空間が介在する２棟の住宅間の距離（中庭空間の長さ）をＬ2、前記住宅の１階階高をＨ2としたときの比（Ｌ2／Ｈ2）を調整して、前記中庭空間を介して一方の住宅の１階と他方の住宅の２階と間の視界を略遮るように前記パーゴラ用建材を配置し、前記隣接した２棟の住宅双方の１階部の前記中庭空間に面した壁面のうち少なくとも前記パーゴラ用建材と平行な壁面に掃出し窓や折り畳み式のフルオープンサッシ等の大開口部を設置し、前記隣接した２棟の住宅双方の大開口部から前記中庭空間へ出入り可能に構成したことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the first configuration of a typical two-storied house according to the present invention is to combine two adjacent houses in a concave shape so that there is no fixed partition member opened on one side. to form a courtyard space unity, the support member and the vertical member plate-like installed in the open side of the courtyard space, the other end is connected to the upper end of one end the vertical member attached to the outer wall surface of the housing Pergola building material finished in a color with high light reflectance, and the vertical members and horizontal members are continuous in the thickness direction at a predetermined pitch in the courtyard space. the ratio of as to form a pergola and arranged in a row, when further the installation pitch pergola building materials of the plate and L 1, the height of the cross section of the horizontal member and H 1 to (L 1 / H 1 ), And the courtyard space The distance between the two buildings housing (length courtyard space) L 2, a 1 Kaikaidaka of the housing by adjusting the ratio (L 2 / H 2) when formed into a H 2, through the courtyard space The pergola building materials are arranged so as to substantially obscure the view between the first floor of one house and the second floor of the other house, and face the courtyard space on the first floor of both of the two adjacent houses. A large opening such as a sweep window or a foldable full-open sash is installed on at least the wall parallel to the building material for the pergola , and it is possible to enter and exit the courtyard space through the large openings of both the two adjacent houses characterized by being configured to.
また本発明の第二の構成は、上記第一の構成において、前記中庭空間に該中庭空間に面した住宅の室内床の高さと略同一の高さの床を設けると共に、前記パーゴラをなす水平部材までの高さを住宅の１階の天井までの高さと略同一にしたことを特徴とする。 A second configuration of the present invention is the above first configuration, wherein a floor having a height substantially the same as the height of the indoor floor of the house facing the courtyard space is provided in the courtyard space, and the pergola horizontal The height to the member is substantially the same as the height to the ceiling of the first floor of the house.
また本発明の第三の構成は、上記第一、第二のいずれかの構成において、脱着式あるいは可動式の仕切り材を、前記パーゴラをなす少なくとも１つのパーゴラ用建材に設けたことを特徴とする。 The third configuration of the present invention is characterized in that, in any of the first and second configurations, a detachable or movable partition member is provided in at least one pergola building material forming the pergola. To do.
上記第一の構成によれば、隣接した２棟の住宅を凹状に組み合わせることで、一方に開放された中庭空間を形成しているため、２棟の住宅（世帯）間の接点を確保しつつ、且つ庭などのまとまった外部空間も確保できる。また、前記凹状の中庭空間が介在した住宅間の距離や該住宅の１階階高の高さに応じて前記パーゴラの高さやピッチを好適な値にすることによって、前記中庭空間への採光を確保しつつ、前記中庭空間を介した一方の住宅の１階と他方の住宅の２階と間の視界を略遮ることが可能であり、一方から見下ろされる（或いは見上げられる）という不快感を解消することができる。また、一方の住宅の２階のベランダに洗濯物や布団を干した場合に、他方の住宅の１階から前記洗濯物や布団を見え難くできるため、視覚的な不快感を緩和することができる。 According to said 1st structure, since the courtyard space opened by one side is formed by combining two adjacent houses in a concave shape, while ensuring the contact between two houses (households) In addition, a large external space such as a garden can be secured. In addition, by setting the height and pitch of the pergola to a suitable value according to the distance between the houses through which the concave courtyard space is interposed and the height of the first floor of the house, the lighting to the courtyard space can be performed. While securing, it is possible to substantially block the view between the first floor of one house and the second floor of the other house through the courtyard space, eliminating the unpleasant feeling of looking down (or looking up) from one side can do. In addition, when laundry or futon is dried on the veranda on the second floor of one house, the laundry or futon can be made difficult to see from the first floor of the other house, so that visual discomfort can be alleviated. .
更に、採光を充分確保しつつ、中庭空間に面した隣地や道路などの外部とは隔離された（あるいは隔離されているように感じる）空間を形成することができ、２世帯間の交流がはかり易く、該２世帯が快適に住まうことが可能な住宅を提供することができる。 Furthermore, while ensuring sufficient lighting, it is possible to form a space that is isolated (or feels like being isolated) from the outside, such as the adjacent land facing the courtyard space or the road, and exchanges between the two households are possible. It is easy to provide a house where the two households can live comfortably.
また、前述の如き構成の垂直部材と水平部材とからなるパーゴラ用建材を所定のピッチで一列に配置することにより、住宅側の外壁面に沿って前記水平部材を支持する垂直部材（柱）を設置する必要がなく、中庭空間に面する全ての外壁面を開口部として開放することができる。 In addition, by arranging the pergola building material composed of the vertical member and the horizontal member as described above in a row at a predetermined pitch, a vertical member (column) for supporting the horizontal member along the outer wall surface on the house side is provided. There is no need for installation, and all the outer wall surfaces facing the courtyard space can be opened as openings.
また、パーゴラをなすパーゴラ用建材を反射率の高い仕上げにすることによって、パーゴラをなす各パーゴラ用建材間から射し込む光を採り入れるだけでなく、該パーゴラに対して斜め上方から射し込む光を反射によって効率良く内部空間に採り入れることができる。特に２棟を南北に配置した際の南棟に反射光による採光が確保される。 In addition, by making the pergola building material with a high reflectivity, the pergola building material not only incorporates the light shining between the pergola building materials, but also efficiently reflects the light shining obliquely from above the pergola. It can be taken into the interior space well. In particular, the lighting by the reflected light is secured in the south building when the two buildings are arranged in the north and south.
また、上記第二の構成のように、前記採光を充分確保しつつ、外部とは隔離された空間を、段差が少ない床構造にして２世帯間を繋ぐことで、互いの行き来がしやすい空間を提供することができる。更に住宅１階の天井までの高さとパーゴラをなす水平部材までの高さを略同一とすることで、前記空間を前述の行き来のしやすい機能だけでなく視覚的にも一体感を持たせることができ、あたかも世帯間を繋ぐ内部空間であるように感じられる視覚的効果が得られ、２世帯間の交流が更に促進される。また、前記中庭空間に設ける床は、ウッドデッキ等の木製の材料が好ましい。この構成によれば、素足での歩行の際に、夏場の熱さや冬場の冷たさによる不快感を緩和することができ、両世帯の交流を促進することができる。 In addition, as in the second configuration described above, a space that is easy to go to and from each other by connecting the two households with a floor structure that has a small step difference while securing sufficient lighting, and having a floor structure with few steps. Can be provided. Furthermore, by making the height to the ceiling of the first floor of the house approximately the same as the height of the horizontal member that forms the pergola, the space has a sense of unity visually as well as the aforementioned easy-to-go function. And a visual effect that feels as if it is an internal space connecting the households, and the exchange between the two households is further promoted. The floor provided in the courtyard space is preferably a wooden material such as a wood deck. According to this configuration, when walking with bare feet, discomfort caused by the heat in summer and the coldness in winter can be alleviated, and exchange between the two households can be promoted.
また、上記第三の構成のように、パーゴラをなす少なくとも１つのパーゴラ用建材に、壁、フェンス等の仕切り部材を設けることで、それぞれの知人を招いて前記空間を利用して楽しむ場合や、一方の住宅を売却した場合や貸した場合に、前記空間を容易に遮断することができ、パーゴラによる斜め方向の視線の遮断効果に加えて、水平方向の視線も遮断することができ、２棟間の独立性を容易に作り出すことができる。 In addition, as in the third configuration, by providing partition members such as walls and fences to at least one pergola building material that forms a pergola, inviting each acquaintance to enjoy using the space, When one house is sold or rented, the space can be easily blocked, and in addition to the effect of blocking the gaze in the oblique direction by the pergola, the gaze in the horizontal direction can also be blocked. Independence between can be easily produced.
更に、前記パーゴラをなす各パーゴラ用建材（の垂直部材）間に、上げ下げ式のロールスクリーンなどの仕切り部材を組み込む構成としても良い。このように構成することで、必要に応じて道路や隣地からの視線を遮ることも可能である。 Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which incorporates partition members, such as a raising / lowering type roll screen, between each construction material (perpendicular member) for pergola which makes the said pergola. By configuring in this way, it is possible to block the line of sight from the road and the adjacent land as necessary.
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の好適な実施の形態を例示的に詳しく説明する。ただし、以下の実施形態に例示されている構成要素の寸法、材質、形状、それらの相対配置などは、本発明が適用される住宅の構造や各種条件により適宜変更されるものであり、本発明の範囲をそれらのみに限定する趣旨のものではない。 Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components exemplified in the following embodiments are appropriately changed according to the structure of the house to which the present invention is applied and various conditions. It is not intended to limit the scope of the above to only those.
図１及び図２に示すように、南北に長いひとつの敷地において、親世帯と子世帯が別棟に住まうために、敷地を南北に分割し、２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを建築している。そして住宅Ａについては南西の角を、住宅Ｂについては北西の角をそれぞれ欠き込み、２棟の住宅を凹状に組み合わせて、西向きに中庭空間１を形成している。そして夫々の１階部には、前記中庭空間１に面して、掃出し窓や折り畳み式のフルオープンサッシ等の大開口部が設置された、リビング、ダイニングキッチン、和室（茶の間）等のパブリック空間が配置されている。また、南側に立つ住宅Ｂの２階部においては、前記中庭空間１の南側にあたる部分を南寄りに後退させて、前記中庭空間１への採光に配慮している。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in one site long from north to south, the parent and child households are divided into north and south, and two houses A and B are constructed in order to live in separate buildings. The house A has a southwest corner, and the house B has a northwest corner. The two houses are combined in a concave shape to form a courtyard space 1 facing west. On the first floor of each, facing the courtyard space 1, public spaces such as living rooms, dining kitchens, Japanese-style rooms (between tea rooms), etc. are equipped with large openings such as sweep-out windows and folding full open sashes. Is arranged. Further, in the second floor portion of the house B standing on the south side, a portion corresponding to the south side of the courtyard space 1 is moved backward toward the south so that the lighting to the courtyard space 1 is taken into consideration.
なお、ひとつの敷地において、親世帯と子世帯が別棟に住まうために、隣接して建てた２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを凹状に組み合わせて中庭空間１を形成する構成は、図１に示す構成に限定されるものではない。例えば、図３（ａ）に示すように、東西に長いひとつの敷地において、東西に隣接して建てた２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを凹状に組み合わせて南向きの中庭空間１を形成する構成、あるいは、図３（ｂ）に示すように、南北に長いひとつの敷地において、南北に隣接して建てた２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを凹状に組み合わせて、東向きに中庭空間１を形成する構成であっても良い。図３（ｃ）、図３（ｄ）は、本発明を適用しなかった場合の２棟建て住宅を示すものであって、図３（ｃ）は東西に長いひとつの敷地において、東西に分割して建てた２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを示し、図３（ｄ）は南北に長いひとつの敷地において、南北に分割して建てた２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを示すものである。なお、図３において、（ａ），（ｂ）に示す本発明の実施形態と、（ｃ），（ｄ）に示す従来例とは、敷地面積と建築面積が同じ条件の２棟の住宅を示している。 In addition, the structure which forms the courtyard space 1 by combining two houses A and B built adjacently in a concave shape so that the parent household and the child household can live in separate buildings on one site is shown in FIG. It is not limited to. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), in one site long in the east and west, a structure that forms a south facing courtyard space 1 by combining two houses A and B built adjacent to the east and west in a concave shape, Or as shown in FIG.3 (b), the structure which forms the courtyard space 1 in the east direction by combining two houses A and B built adjacent to the north and south in one premises long in the north and south. It may be. 3 (c) and 3 (d) show a two-storied house when the present invention is not applied, and FIG. 3 (c) is divided into east and west on one site long in east and west. FIG. 3 (d) shows two houses A and B that are divided into north and south on one site long in the north and south. In FIG. 3, the embodiment of the present invention shown in (a) and (b) and the conventional example shown in (c) and (d) are two houses with the same site area and building area. Show.
また、図４〜図９に示すように、前記中庭空間１には、複数のパーゴラ用建材１０によってパーゴラが形成されている。このパーゴラを形成するパーゴラ用建材は、図５に示すように、中庭空間１の開放面側に設置される板状の垂直部材１１と、一端が前記垂直部材１１の上端に連結され他端が住宅の外壁面に取り付けられた支持部材１３に支持される板状の水平部材１２と、からなる。本実施形態では、図５に示すように、垂直部材１１は、その下端部が中庭空間１の開放面側に設けられたブロック塀１５と、該ブロック塀１５に取り付けられた支持部材１３とによって支持され、スチールアングル１４を介してボルトやビスで固定されている。また水平部材１２の垂直部材１１との連結部は、スチールアングル１４を介したビス止めによって、一端が前記垂直部材１１の上端に連結されている。水平部材１２の他端は、住宅の外壁面１６に取り付けられた支持部材１３によって支持され、スチールアングル１４を介してボルトやビスで固定されている。このパーゴラ用建材１０を所定のピッチで一列に配置することで、図に示すようなパーゴラを形成している。この構成により、住宅側の外壁面に沿って前記水平部材１２を支持する垂直部材（柱）を設置する必要がなく、中庭空間１に面する全ての外壁面を開口部として開放することができる。 Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 4-9, the pergola is formed in the said courtyard space 1 by the some building material 10 for pergola. As shown in FIG. 5, the pergola building material forming this pergola has a plate-like vertical member 11 installed on the open surface side of the courtyard space 1, one end connected to the upper end of the vertical member 11, and the other end And a plate-like horizontal member 12 supported by a support member 13 attached to the outer wall surface of the house. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the vertical member 11 includes a block cage 15 having a lower end portion provided on the open surface side of the courtyard space 1 and a support member 13 attached to the block cage 15. It is supported and fixed with bolts or screws through a steel angle 14. The connecting portion of the horizontal member 12 and the vertical member 11 is connected at one end to the upper end of the vertical member 11 by screwing via a steel angle 14. The other end of the horizontal member 12 is supported by a support member 13 attached to the outer wall surface 16 of the house, and is fixed with bolts or screws via a steel angle 14. By arranging the pergola building materials 10 in a line at a predetermined pitch, a pergola as shown in the figure is formed. With this configuration, there is no need to install a vertical member (column) that supports the horizontal member 12 along the outer wall surface on the house side, and all the outer wall surfaces facing the courtyard space 1 can be opened as openings. .
パーゴラを形成する各パーゴラ用建材１０は、図５に示すように前記部材１１，１２が板状の部材であって、幅が小さく背の高い断面を有しており、更に詳しくは断面の高さｈ11が厚みｈ12の３倍以上となる板状部材となっている。例えば、垂直部材１１，水平部材１２として、高さｈ11が185mm、厚みｈ12が38mmの板状部材を用いてパーゴラ用建材１０を構成しても良い。この構成により垂直方向からの採光が遮られ難く、また降雨時に水平部材１２上面に雨水がたまり難く、降雨後も雨垂れを気にせず中庭空間１を利用できる。 As shown in FIG. 5, each of the building materials 10 for pergola forming the pergola has plate-like members 11 and 12 having a small width and a tall cross section. The thickness h 11 is a plate-like member that is three times or more the thickness h 12 . For example, the pergola building material 10 may be configured by using plate-like members having a height h 11 of 185 mm and a thickness h 12 of 38 mm as the vertical member 11 and the horizontal member 12. With this configuration, lighting from the vertical direction is difficult to block, and rainwater does not collect easily on the upper surface of the horizontal member 12 during rainfall, and the courtyard space 1 can be used without worrying about dripping after raining.
前記単体のパーゴラ用建材１０の材質は木材や、スチール，アルミ等の金属などが考えられるが、強度があり、加工がし易く、安価な木材が好ましく、枠組壁（ツーバイフォー）工法で用いられる２×８（ツーバイエイト）材などが更に好ましい。 The material of the single pergola building material 10 may be wood, metal such as steel, aluminum, etc., but it is strong, easy to process, and inexpensive wood is preferred, and it is used in the frame wall (two-by-four) method. A x8 (two-by-eight) material is more preferable.
更に前記パーゴラを形成する複数のパーゴラ用建材１０は、前記中庭空間１を介して一方の住宅Ａ（またはＢ）の１階と他方の住宅Ｂ（またはＡ）の２階と間の視界を略遮るように配置されている。この配置は、図４に示すように、前記垂直部材１１と前記水平部材１２とからなるパーゴラ用建材１０の設置ピッチをＬ1、前記水平部材１２の断面の高さをＨ1としたときの比（Ｌ1／Ｈ1）、および前記中庭空間が介在する２棟の住宅間の距離（中庭空間の長さ）をＬ2、前記住宅の１階階高をＨ2としたときの比（Ｌ2／Ｈ2）を調整することによってなされる。 Further, the plurality of pergola building materials 10 forming the pergola substantially have a field of view between the first floor of one house A (or B) and the second floor of the other house B (or A) through the courtyard space 1. It is arranged to block. As shown in FIG. 4, this arrangement is obtained when the installation pitch of the building material 10 for the pergola composed of the vertical member 11 and the horizontal member 12 is L 1 , and the height of the cross section of the horizontal member 12 is H 1. The ratio (L 1 / H 1 ) and the ratio when the distance between the two houses with the courtyard space (the length of the courtyard space) is L 2 and the first floor height of the house is H 2 ( By adjusting L 2 / H 2 ).
具体的には、例えば、前記中庭空間１が介在する２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂ間の距離（中庭空間の長さ）Ｌ2を６４５５ｍｍ、前記住宅Ａ，Ｂの１階階高Ｈ2を２８７０ｍｍとしたときに、これに応じて、前記垂直部材１１と前記水平部材１２とからなるパーゴラ１０の設置ピッチＬ1を６１０ｍｍ、前記水平部材１２の断面の高さＨ1を９０ｍｍとすることによって、前記中庭空間１への採光を確保しつつ、前記パーゴラ１０群によって前記中庭空間１を介した一方の住宅Ａ（またはＢ）の１階と他方の住宅Ｂ（またはＡ）の２階と間の視界を略遮ることができる。 Specifically, for example, the distance (the length of the courtyard space) L 2 between the two houses A and B interposing the courtyard space 1 is 6455 mm, and the first-floor height H 2 of the houses A and B is 2870 mm. Then, according to this, by setting the installation pitch L 1 of the pergola 10 composed of the vertical member 11 and the horizontal member 12 to 610 mm and the cross-sectional height H 1 of the horizontal member 12 to 90 mm, While securing the daylight to the courtyard space 1, between the first floor of one house A (or B) and the second floor of the other house B (or A) through the courtyard space 1 by the group of pergola 10 The field of view can be substantially blocked.
なお、図４には、視点までの高さＭ1が１３００ｍｍの人が、一方の住宅Ｂの１階から他方の住宅Ａの２階を見上げた際の視線の遮り具合と、視点までの高さＭ2が１５００ｍｍの人が、一方の住宅Ｂの２階から他方の住宅Ａの１階を見下ろした際の視線の遮り具合とを例示している。また、図６は、一方の住宅Ｂの１階から他方の住宅Ａの２階を見上げた際のパーゴラによる視線の遮り具合を表している。また前述の各構成要素の寸法や相対配置などは例示であって、前述したように本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。本発明に係る構造は、前記中庭空間１への採光を確保しつつ、前記中庭空間１を介して一方の住宅Ａ（またはＢ）の１階と他方の住宅Ｂ（またはＡ）の２階と間の視界を略遮る配置構成であれば、他の寸法や相対配置であっても良い。 In FIG. 4, when a person whose height M 1 to the viewpoint is 1300 mm looks up from the first floor of one house B to the second floor of the other house A, the degree of occlusion of the line of sight and the height to the viewpoint are shown. An example of how a person whose length M 2 is 1500 mm looks down when looking down from the second floor of one house B to the first floor of the other house A is shown. Moreover, FIG. 6 represents the degree of the line of sight blocking by the pergola when looking up from the first floor of one house B to the second floor of the other house A. Further, the dimensions and relative arrangements of the respective constituent elements described above are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these as described above. The structure according to the present invention secures daylighting to the courtyard space 1, and the first floor of one house A (or B) and the second floor of the other house B (or A) through the courtyard space 1. Other dimensions and relative arrangements may be used as long as the arrangement configuration substantially blocks the field of view between them.
このように、本発明に係る構成によれば、隣接した２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを凹状に組み合わせることで、一方に開放された中庭空間１を形成しているため、２棟の住宅（世帯）間の接点を確保しつつ、且つ庭などのまとまった外部空間（中庭空間１）も確保できる。また、前記凹状の中庭空間１が介在した住宅Ａ，Ｂ間の距離や該住宅Ａ，Ｂの１階階高の高さに応じて前記パーゴラ用建材１０の高さやピッチを好適な値に調整することによって、前記中庭空間１への採光を確保しつつ、前記中庭空間１を介した一方の住宅の１階と他方の住宅の２階と間の視界を略遮ることができる。これにより、例えば一方から見下ろされる（或いは見上げられる）という不快感を解消することができる。また、一方の住宅の２階のベランダに洗濯物や布団を干した場合に、他方の住宅の１階から前記洗濯物や布団を見え難くできるため、視覚的な不快感を緩和することができる。 Thus, according to the structure which concerns on this invention, since the courtyard space 1 opened to one side was formed by combining two adjacent houses A and B in a concave shape, two houses (households ), And a large external space (courtyard space 1) such as a garden can be secured. Further, the height and pitch of the pergola building material 10 are adjusted to suitable values according to the distance between the houses A and B through which the concave courtyard space 1 is interposed and the height of the first floor of the houses A and B. By doing so, it is possible to substantially block the view between the first floor of one house and the second floor of the other house through the courtyard space 1 while securing the lighting to the courtyard space 1. Thereby, for example, the unpleasant feeling of looking down (or looking up) from one side can be eliminated. In addition, when laundry or futon is dried on the veranda on the second floor of one house, the laundry or futon can be made difficult to see from the first floor of the other house, so that visual discomfort can be alleviated. .
更に、採光を充分確保しつつ、中庭空間１に面した隣地や道路などの外部とは隔離された（あるいは隔離されているように感じる）空間を形成することができ、２世帯間の交流がはかり易く、該２世帯が快適に住まうことが可能な住宅を提供することができる。 Furthermore, while ensuring sufficient lighting, it is possible to form a space that is isolated from (or feels like being isolated from) the neighboring land or road facing the courtyard space 1. It is possible to provide a housing that is easy to measure and in which the two households can live comfortably.
また、前記パーゴラを形成する板状のパーゴラ用建材１０は、光の反射率の高い色で仕上げてあることが好ましい。なお、ここで言う板状のパーゴラ用建材１０とは、前述したように、断面の高さｈ11が厚みｈ12の３倍以上となる板状部材（図５参照）のことである。従って、このような板状のパーゴラ用建材１０は、側面に光（上方から入射する光や下方へ反射する光）を遮る突起（Ｈ型鋼のフランジ部など）がなく、該側面を反射率の高い仕上げにすることによって、図７に示すようにパーゴラを形成する各パーゴラ用建材１０間から射し込む光を採り入れるだけでなく、該パーゴラに対して斜め上方から射し込む光をも反射によって効率良く内部空間に採り入れることができる。これにより、パーゴラが設けられていない中庭空間と比べてもより多くの採光が確保でき、該中庭空間１に面した各住宅Ａ，Ｂ内の部屋にも多くの光を採り入れることができる。特に２棟を南北に配置した際の南棟に反射光による採光が確保される。 Moreover, it is preferable that the plate-shaped building material 10 for a pergola forming the pergola is finished with a color having a high light reflectance. The plate-shaped pergola building material 10 referred to here is a plate-shaped member (see FIG. 5) having a cross-sectional height h 11 that is at least three times the thickness h 12 as described above. Therefore, such a plate-shaped pergola building material 10 has no projections (such as H-shaped steel flanges) that block light (light incident from above or light reflected downward) on the side surface, and the side surface has a reflectivity. By adopting a high finish, as shown in FIG. 7, not only the light entering between the building materials 10 for each pergola forming the pergola is taken, but also the internal space is efficiently reflected by reflecting the light entering obliquely from above the pergola. Can be adopted. As a result, more lighting can be ensured than in a courtyard space where no pergola is provided, and more light can be taken into the rooms in the houses A and B facing the courtyard space 1. In particular, lighting by reflected light is ensured in the south wing when the two buildings are arranged in the north and south.
また、図８に示すように、前記中庭空間１に、該中庭空間１に面した住宅Ａ，Ｂの室内床の高さと略同一の高さの床２を設けると共に、前記パーゴラをなす水平部材１２下端までの高さを住宅Ａ，Ｂの１階の天井までの高さと略同一にすることが好ましい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a floor 2 having a height substantially the same as the height of the indoor floors of the houses A and B facing the courtyard space 1 is provided in the courtyard space 1, and the horizontal member forming the pergola It is preferable that the height to the lower end of 12 is substantially the same as the height to the ceiling of the first floor of the houses A and B.
このように、前記中庭空間１は、採光を充分確保しつつ、外部とは隔離された空間を形成するだけでなく、段差が少ない床構造にして２世帯間を繋ぐことで、互いの行き来がしやすい空間を形成することができる。更に住宅Ａ，Ｂの１階天井までの高さとパーゴラをなす水平部材１２下端までの高さを略同一とすることで、前述の如くして形成された空間を行き来がしやすい機能だけでなく視覚的にも一体感を持たせることができ、あたかも世帯間を繋ぐ内部空間であるように感じられる視覚的効果が得られ、２世帯間の交流が更に促進される。 In this way, the courtyard space 1 not only forms a space isolated from the outside while ensuring sufficient daylighting, but also has a floor structure with few steps to connect two households so that each other can come and go. A space that is easy to do can be formed. Further, by making the height to the first floor ceiling of the houses A and B substantially the same as the height to the lower end of the horizontal member 12 that forms the pergola, not only the function of easily moving between the spaces formed as described above. A sense of unity can be given visually, and a visual effect that feels as if it is an internal space connecting households is obtained, and exchange between two households is further promoted.
また、前記床２は、ウッドデッキ等の木製の材料が好ましい。この構成によれば、素足での歩行の際に、夏場の熱さや冬場の冷たさによる不快感を緩和することができ、両世帯の交流を促進することができる。 The floor 2 is preferably made of a wooden material such as a wood deck. According to this configuration, when walking with bare feet, discomfort caused by the heat in summer and the coldness in winter can be alleviated, and exchange between the two households can be promoted.
また、脱着式あるいは可動式の壁、フェンス等の仕切り材を、前記パーゴラを形成する少なくとも１つのパーゴラ用建材に設けることが好ましい。図９（ａ）では、前記中庭空間１の中央に位置する１つのパーゴラ用建材１０に、可動式の仕切り部材３を設けた構成を例示している。また図９（ｂ）に示すように、中庭空間１の中央に位置する１つのパーゴラ用建材１０に、脱着式の仕切り部材４を設けた構成としても良い。 Moreover, it is preferable to provide partition materials, such as a detachable or movable wall and a fence, in at least one pergola building material that forms the pergola. FIG. 9A illustrates a configuration in which a movable partition member 3 is provided on one pergola building material 10 located in the center of the courtyard space 1. Moreover, as shown in FIG.9 (b), it is good also as a structure which provided the detachable partition member 4 in the building material 10 for pergola located in the center of the courtyard space 1. FIG.
このように、パーゴラを形成する少なくとも１つのパーゴラ用建材に、脱着式あるいは可動式の仕切り部材３，４を設けた構造とすることで、それぞれの知人を招いて前記空間１を利用して楽しむ場合や、一方の住宅を売却した場合や貸した場合に、前記空間１を容易に遮断することができ、パーゴラによる斜め方向の視線の遮断効果に加えて、水平方向の視線も遮断することができ、２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂ間の独立性を容易に作ることができる。 In this way, by providing a structure in which the detachable or movable partition members 3 and 4 are provided on at least one pergola building material that forms the pergola, each acquaintance is invited to enjoy using the space 1. When one of the houses is sold or rented, the space 1 can be easily blocked, and in addition to the effect of blocking the gaze in the oblique direction by the pergola, the gaze in the horizontal direction can also be blocked. Independence between the two houses A and B can be easily made.
更に、前記パーゴラを形成する各パーゴラ用建材の垂直部材１１間に、上げ下げ式のロールスクリーンなどの仕切り部材を組み込むことで、必要に応じて道路や隣地からの視線を遮ることも可能である。 Further, by incorporating a partition member such as a lifting roll screen between the vertical members 11 of each pergola building material forming the pergola, it is possible to block the line of sight from the road or the adjacent land as necessary.
また、上記中庭空間１にパーゴラを形成するためのパーゴラ用建材１０は、隣接した２棟の住宅Ａ，Ｂを凹状に組み合わせて形成した、一方に開放された中庭空間１に設置するパーゴラ用建材１０であって、前記中庭空間１の開放面側に設置される板状の垂直部材１１と、一端が前記垂直部材１１の上端に連結され他端が住宅の外壁面に取り付けられた支持部材１３に支持される板状の水平部材とからなり、複数を所定のピッチで配置することにより、前記中庭空間１への採光を確保しつつ前記中庭空間１を介して一方の住宅Ａ（またはＢ）の１階と他方の住宅Ｂ（またはＡ）の２階と間の視界を略遮るパーゴラを形成しているので、上述したような効果が得られるだけでなく、更に外観上の見た目も美しく、従来のパーゴラよりも意匠的に優れている。 Further, the pergola building material 10 for forming a pergola in the courtyard space 1 is formed by combining two adjacent houses A and B in a concave shape, and installed in the courtyard space 1 opened to one side. 10. A plate-like vertical member 11 installed on the open surface side of the courtyard space 1 and a support member 13 having one end connected to the upper end of the vertical member 11 and the other end attached to the outer wall surface of the house. It is composed of a plate-like horizontal member supported by the housing, and by arranging a plurality of them at a predetermined pitch, one house A (or B) is provided via the courtyard space 1 while ensuring lighting in the courtyard space 1. Since the pergola that substantially blocks the field of view between the first floor and the second floor of the other house B (or A), not only the effects described above are obtained, but also the appearance is beautiful. More design than traditional pergola It has been.
Ａ，Ｂ …住宅
Ｈ1 …水平部材の断面の高さ
Ｈ2 …住宅の１階階高
Ｌ1 …パーゴラの設置ピッチ
Ｌ2 …中庭空間の長さ
Ｍ1，Ｍ2 …視点までの高さ
１ …中庭空間
２ …床
１０ …パーゴラ用建材
１１ …垂直部材
１２ …水平部材
１３ …支持部材
１４ …スチールアングル
１５ …ブロック塀
１６ …外壁面
A, B ... Housing H 1 ... Height of cross section of horizontal member H 2 ... First floor height of housing L 1 ... Pergola installation pitch L 2 ... Length of courtyard space M 1 , M 2 ... Height to viewpoint DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Courtyard space 2 ... Floor 10 ... Pergola building material 11 ... Vertical member 12 ... Horizontal member 13 ... Support member 14 ... Steel angle 15 ... Block wall 16 ... Outer wall surface
Claims (3)
前記中庭空間の開放面側に設置される板状の垂直部材と、一端が前記垂直部材の上端に連結され他端が住宅の外壁面に取り付けられた支持部材に支持される板状の水平部材とからなり、光の反射率の高い色で仕上げたパーゴラ用建材を、前記中庭空間に所定のピッチで前記垂直部材どうし及び前記水平部材どうしが厚み方向に連続するように一列に配置してパーゴラを形成し、
更に前記板状のパーゴラ用建材の設置ピッチをＬ1、前記水平部材の断面の高さをＨ1としたときの比（Ｌ1／Ｈ1）、および前記中庭空間が介在する２棟の住宅間の距離（中庭空間の長さ）をＬ2、前記住宅の１階階高をＨ2としたときの比（Ｌ2／Ｈ2）を調整して、前記中庭空間を介して一方の住宅の１階と他方の住宅の２階と間の視界を略遮るように前記パーゴラ用建材を配置し、前記隣接した２棟の住宅双方の１階部の前記中庭空間に面した壁面のうち少なくとも前記パーゴラ用建材と平行な壁面に掃出し窓や折り畳み式のフルオープンサッシ等の大開口部を設置し、前記隣接した２棟の住宅双方の大開口部から前記中庭空間へ出入り可能に構成したことを特徴とする２棟建て住宅。 By combining two adjacent houses in a concave shape, a single courtyard space without a fixed partition that is open on one side is formed.
A plate-like vertical member installed on the open surface side of the courtyard space, and a plate-like horizontal member supported by a support member having one end connected to the upper end of the vertical member and the other end attached to the outer wall surface of the house The pergola building materials finished with a color having a high light reflectance are arranged in a row in the courtyard space so that the vertical members and the horizontal members are continuous in the thickness direction at a predetermined pitch. Form the
Further, the ratio of the plate-shaped pergola building material to L 1 , the ratio of the horizontal member cross-section height to H 1 (L 1 / H 1 ), and two houses with the courtyard space interposed Adjusting the ratio (L 2 / H 2 ) when the distance (the length of the courtyard space) is L 2 and the height of the first floor of the housing is H 2 , one housing is arranged through the courtyard space. The pergola building material is disposed so as to substantially obscure the view between the first floor of the second house and the second floor of the other house, and at least of the wall surfaces facing the courtyard space on the first floor of both of the two adjacent houses Large openings such as sweep windows and foldable full-open sashes were installed on the wall parallel to the building material for the pergola , and it was configured to allow access to the courtyard space from the large openings of both of the two adjacent houses . A two-storied house characterized by that.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2006226078A (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2006-08-31 | Tostem Corp | Partition device |
| JP2008274696A (en) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-13 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Habitable room with light control function |
| KR101273110B1 (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2013-06-13 | (주)이앤파트너스건축사사무소 | Duplex home |
| JP2015031034A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-16 | 大和ハウス工業株式会社 | House and residential housing |
| JP6907885B2 (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2021-07-21 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | Arrangement structure of buildings |
| JP2020002659A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-09 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | Dwelling house |
| JP7165302B2 (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2022-11-04 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | housing |
| JP2018178709A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-15 | 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 | Housing |
| JP7185822B2 (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-12-08 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | a pair of detached houses |
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