JP4247709B2 - Laser welding equipment - Google Patents

Laser welding equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4247709B2
JP4247709B2 JP2003143805A JP2003143805A JP4247709B2 JP 4247709 B2 JP4247709 B2 JP 4247709B2 JP 2003143805 A JP2003143805 A JP 2003143805A JP 2003143805 A JP2003143805 A JP 2003143805A JP 4247709 B2 JP4247709 B2 JP 4247709B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rotary tool
laser welding
welding
base material
plating layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2003143805A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004344919A (en
Inventor
健 岡本
卓秀 平山
靖弘 古賀
信治 奥村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yaskawa Electric Corp
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Yaskawa Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yaskawa Electric Corp filed Critical Yaskawa Electric Corp
Priority to JP2003143805A priority Critical patent/JP4247709B2/en
Publication of JP2004344919A publication Critical patent/JP2004344919A/en
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Publication of JP4247709B2 publication Critical patent/JP4247709B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はメッキ鋼板の突合せ溶接の施工に用いるレーザ溶接装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
メッキ鋼板、特に母材に比べて沸点の低い亜鉛をメッキした亜鉛メッキ鋼板にレーザ溶接を施工すると、亜鉛が気化して、溶融状態の鋼を吹き飛ばして溶接部の外観を損ねたり、溶融状態の鋼の内部に気泡が発生してブローホール欠陥を生じるという問題がある。そのため、溶接施工に先立って溶接予定線上のメッキ層を除去する発明が各種提案されている。たとえば、特許文献1には、母材を一対のローラで挟んで、このローラの間に通電して母材を発熱させて亜鉛を気化して除去する方法が示されている。また、特許文献2には、ブラスト加工によってメッキ層を除去することが提案されている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平4−258391号公報
【0004】
【特許文献2】
特開平11−226765号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、前者の方法は母材をローラで挟むので、重ね継ぎ手には適してしるが、突合せ継ぎ手には使いにくいと言う問題があった。また後者の方法は、ブラスト工程と溶接工程の2工程に分かれるので作業の能率が悪いと言う問題があった。そこで本発明は、メッキ層除去とレーザ溶接を一つの装置で連続して行なえるレーザ溶接装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するために、請求項1の発明はメッキ鋼板の突合せ溶接を施工するレーザ溶接装置において、レーザ溶接ヘッドの溶接進行方向前方に回転工具を備え、レーザ溶接に先立って溶接予定線上のメッキ層を前記回転工具で除去するとともに、前記回転工具の回転軸に前記溶接予定線に対して前進角を与えるものである。
また、請求項2の発明は前記回転工具の端面に螺旋状の刃を設けるものであり、請求項3の発明は前記回転工具の端面に放射状の刃を設けるものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施例を図に基づいて説明する。
図1は本発明の第1の実施例を示すレーザ溶接装置の構成図である。図において、10および11は溶接対象の母材である。母材10,11は表面にメッキ層12を有する亜鉛メッキ鋼板であり、溶接線13で突合せ溶接される。加工時の変形等に起因して、母材10と母材11の間には目違い14(高さ方向の食い違い)やギャップ15が存在するのが普通である。16は、溶接の施工に先立って溶接線13およびその近傍において母材10,11からメッキ層12を除去する回転工具であり、17はレーザ溶接ヘッドである。回転工具16とレーザ溶接ヘッド17は図示しない共通のベースに取り付けられ回転工具16はレーザ溶接ヘッド17に対して、溶接進行方向18の前方に位置するように固定されているので、回転工具16とレーザ溶接ヘッド17は一定の間隔を保って、溶接線13上を溶接進行方向18に進行する。回転工具16は母材10,11の表面に対して垂直な軸回りに回転して、溶接線13の近傍において母材10、11のメッキ層12を除去するととも、母材10、11を垂直下向きに押し付けることにより、母材10と母材11の間の目違い14を矯正する。また、回転工具16と母材10、11の摩擦によって生じる摩擦熱によって、母材10、11の温度が上昇して母材10、11が膨張するので、母材10、11間のギャップ15が十分に小さくなる。
このようにして、回転工具16が溶接線13上を通過すると、母材10と母材11の間の目違い14とギャップ15が解消するとともに、メッキ層12が除去された溶接に対して理想的な表面状態が形成される。続いて、回転工具16の後方にあるレーザ溶接ヘッド17によってレーザビーム溶接が施工される。このとき溶接線13の近傍にはメッキ層12が存在しないので、溶接金属中にはメッキ層12の亜鉛の蒸気が溶解することがない。よって、亜鉛蒸気の溶解に由来するブローホールの発生を防止することができる。
【0008】
図2は本発明の第2の実施を示すレーザ溶接装置の側面図である。図において、20は回転ツール16の回転軸である。回転軸20は母材10に垂直な軸21に対して、溶接進行方向18と逆方向に3°だけ傾いている(回転工具16の先端に前進角3°を与えている)ので、メッキ層12の除去と回転工具16の進行が容易になっている。
回転工具16は、母材10、11およびメッキ層12よりも十分に耐磨耗性の高い工具鋼SK61或いはステンレス鋼SUS403を用いているため、母材10、11およびメッキ層12との摩擦によって磨耗することはない。
【0009】
図3は本発明の第3の実施例を示す回転工具の先端部の平面図である。
図3(a)は回転工具16の先端面(つまり、母材10、11と接触する平面)に螺旋形の山刃31を刻んだ例であり、図3(b)は回転工具16の先端面に螺旋形の溝刃32を刻んだ例である。これらの回転工具16は前記螺旋形と反対方向33に回転して、切粉を外側に排出する。
図3(c)は回転工具16の先端面に放射形の山刃34を刻んだ例であり、図3(d)は回転工具16の先端面に放射形の溝刃35を刻んだ例である。これらの回転工具16は放射形の刃を備えているので、回転方向36を選ばない。つまり時計回り、反時計回りのいずれであっても切粉を外側に排出できる。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、請求項1に記載の発明は、回転工具を母材に押し付けながら、母材を研削するので、母材のメッキ層を除去するとともに、2枚の母材の目違いを矯正し、また研削による摩擦熱によって母材を膨張させて母材間のギャップを減少させることができるので、ブローホールの発生を防止するとともに精度の高い溶接継ぎ手を実現する効果がある。
また、回転工具に前進角を与えたので、回転工具の溶接線方向の送り動作がスムーズになるという効果がある。
また、請求項2に記載の発明は、回転工具の端面に螺旋状の刃を刻んだので、切粉を能率よく排出する効果がある。
また、請求項3に記載の発明は、回転工具の端面に放射状の刃を刻んだので、回転工具を時計回り、反時計回りのいずれにも回転でできるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1の実施例を示すレーザ溶接装置の斜視図である。
【図2】本発明の第2の実施例を示すレーザ溶接装置の側面図である。
【図3】本発明の第3の実施例を示す回転工具の先端面の平面図である。
【符号の説明】
10:母材 11:母材 12:メッキ層 13:溶接線 14:目違い
15:ギャップ 16:回転工具 17:レーザ溶接ヘッド
18:溶接進行方向 20:回転軸 21:軸 31:山刃 32:溝刃
33:反対方向 34:山刃 35:溝刃 36:回転方向
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a laser welding apparatus used for butt welding of plated steel sheets.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When laser welding is applied to a galvanized steel sheet plated with zinc, which has a lower boiling point than that of the base metal, the zinc vaporizes and blows away the molten steel, which may damage the appearance of the welded part. There is a problem that bubbles are generated inside the steel, resulting in blowhole defects. Therefore, various inventions have been proposed for removing the plating layer on the planned welding line prior to welding. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a base material is sandwiched between a pair of rollers, energized between the rollers to generate heat and vaporize and remove zinc. Patent Document 2 proposes removing the plating layer by blasting.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-4-258391 [0004]
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-226765 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the former method is suitable for a lap joint because the base material is sandwiched between rollers, but has a problem that it is difficult to use for a butt joint. Further, the latter method has a problem that work efficiency is poor because it is divided into two steps, a blasting step and a welding step. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a laser welding apparatus capable of continuously performing plating layer removal and laser welding with one apparatus.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 is a laser welding apparatus for performing butt welding of plated steel sheets, comprising a rotary tool in front of the welding direction of the laser welding head, on the planned welding line prior to laser welding. as well as the plated layer removal by the rotating tool and gives an advancing angle with respect to the welding planned line to the rotation axis of the rotary tool.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a spiral blade is provided on the end face of the rotary tool, and in a third aspect of the invention, a radial blade is provided on the end face of the rotary tool.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a laser welding apparatus showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 10 and 11 are base materials to be welded. The base materials 10 and 11 are galvanized steel plates having a plating layer 12 on the surface, and are butt welded with a welding line 13. Due to deformation at the time of processing or the like, it is normal that there are a gap 14 (a gap in the height direction) and a gap 15 between the base material 10 and the base material 11. Reference numeral 16 denotes a rotary tool that removes the plating layer 12 from the base materials 10 and 11 at and near the welding line 13 prior to welding, and reference numeral 17 denotes a laser welding head. The rotary tool 16 and the laser welding head 17 are attached to a common base (not shown), and the rotary tool 16 is fixed to the laser welding head 17 so as to be positioned in front of the welding traveling direction 18. The laser welding head 17 advances on the welding line 13 in the welding progress direction 18 at a constant interval. The rotary tool 16 rotates about an axis perpendicular to the surfaces of the base materials 10 and 11 to remove the plating layer 12 of the base materials 10 and 11 in the vicinity of the weld line 13 and to make the base materials 10 and 11 vertical. By pressing downward, the misalignment 14 between the base material 10 and the base material 11 is corrected. Further, the frictional heat generated by the friction between the rotary tool 16 and the base materials 10 and 11 raises the temperature of the base materials 10 and 11 so that the base materials 10 and 11 expand, so that the gap 15 between the base materials 10 and 11 is increased. Small enough.
In this way, when the rotary tool 16 passes over the welding line 13, the gap 14 and the gap 15 between the base material 10 and the base material 11 are eliminated, and ideal for welding in which the plating layer 12 is removed. Surface conditions are formed. Subsequently, laser beam welding is performed by a laser welding head 17 located behind the rotary tool 16. At this time, since the plating layer 12 does not exist in the vicinity of the weld line 13, the zinc vapor of the plating layer 12 does not dissolve in the weld metal. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the blowhole derived from melt | dissolution of zinc vapor | steam can be prevented.
[0008]
FIG. 2 is a side view of a laser welding apparatus showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes a rotation axis of the rotary tool 16. The rotating shaft 20 is inclined by 3 ° in the direction opposite to the welding progress direction 18 with respect to the shaft 21 perpendicular to the base material 10 (advancing angle of 3 ° is given to the tip of the rotating tool 16). Removal of 12 and advancement of the rotary tool 16 are facilitated.
Since the rotary tool 16 uses tool steel SK61 or stainless steel SUS403, which has sufficiently higher wear resistance than the base materials 10 and 11 and the plated layer 12, friction between the base material 10 and 11 and the plated layer 12 causes There is no wear.
[0009]
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the distal end portion of the rotary tool showing the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3A shows an example in which a spiral mountain blade 31 is carved on the tip surface of the rotary tool 16 (that is, a plane that contacts the base materials 10 and 11), and FIG. 3B shows the tip of the rotary tool 16. This is an example in which a spiral groove blade 32 is cut on the surface. These rotary tools 16 rotate in the direction 33 opposite to the spiral, and discharge the chips to the outside.
FIG. 3C is an example in which a radial angle blade 34 is cut on the tip surface of the rotary tool 16, and FIG. 3D is an example in which a radial groove blade 35 is cut on the tip surface of the rotary tool 16. is there. Since these rotary tools 16 have radial blades, the rotation direction 36 is not selected. In other words, the chips can be discharged to the outside either clockwise or counterclockwise.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention according to claim 1 grinds the base material while pressing the rotary tool against the base material, so that the plating layer of the base material is removed and the difference between the two base materials is eliminated. The gap between the base metals can be reduced by correcting and expanding the base metal by frictional heat by grinding, so that there is an effect of preventing the occurrence of blowholes and realizing a highly accurate weld joint.
Moreover, since the advancing angle is given to the rotary tool, there is an effect that the feeding operation of the rotary tool in the welding line direction becomes smooth.
Moreover, since invention of Claim 2 cut | judged the helical blade in the end surface of a rotary tool, there exists an effect which discharges | emits chip | tip efficiently.
Moreover, since the radial blade is carved on the end face of the rotary tool, the invention described in claim 3 has an effect that the rotary tool can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a laser welding apparatus showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a laser welding apparatus showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a tip surface of a rotary tool showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10: Base material 11: Base material 12: Plating layer 13: Welding line 14: Misalignment 15: Gap 16: Rotating tool 17: Laser welding head 18: Welding direction 20: Rotating shaft 21: Shaft 31: Mountain blade 32: Groove blade 33: Opposite direction 34: Mountain blade 35: Groove blade 36: Direction of rotation

Claims (3)

メッキ鋼板の突合せ溶接を施工するレーザ溶接装置において、レーザ溶接ヘッドの溶接進行方向前方に回転工具を備え、レーザ溶接に先立って溶接予定線上のメッキ層を前記回転工具で除去するとともに、前記回転工具の回転軸は前記溶接予定線に対して前進角を有することを特徴とするレーザ溶接装置。In a laser welding apparatus for performing butt welding of a plated steel plate, a rotary tool is provided in front of a welding direction of a laser welding head, and a plating layer on a planned welding line is removed by the rotary tool prior to laser welding, and the rotary tool The rotation axis of the laser welding apparatus has an advancing angle with respect to the planned welding line . 前記回転工具の端面に螺旋状の刃を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接装置。The laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a spiral blade is provided on an end face of the rotary tool. 前記回転工具の端面に放射状の刃を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接装置。The laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a radial blade is provided on an end face of the rotary tool.
JP2003143805A 2003-05-21 2003-05-21 Laser welding equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4247709B2 (en)

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JP5499507B2 (en) * 2009-04-01 2014-05-21 株式会社Ihi Method for welding Zn-containing material coating material and laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus
MX353799B (en) 2012-06-29 2018-01-30 Shiloh Ind Inc Welded blank assembly and method.
CN104822485B (en) 2012-11-30 2017-08-08 夏伊洛工业公司 The method that welding recess is formed in metal plate member
EP3620255B1 (en) 2013-03-14 2022-01-26 Grouper Blanking, LLC Method of making a welded blank assembly
CN103394812A (en) * 2013-05-14 2013-11-20 昆山宝锦激光拼焊有限公司 Wield joint control device of tailored blank laser welding
KR101938571B1 (en) * 2016-12-23 2019-01-15 주식회사 포스코 Welding apparatus and method for metal coated steel sheet
CN107695689B (en) * 2017-10-11 2019-05-24 浙江健恒实业有限公司 A kind of stainless steel plate production processing unit (plant) and method

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