JP4233479B2 - 有機化合物を含有する廃水処理の方法及びシステム - Google Patents
有機化合物を含有する廃水処理の方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、有機化合物を含有する廃水を処理する方法及びシステムに関する。本発明は、廃水中の有機汚染物質を処分する嫌気性システム及び好気性システムの利点を組合せ、並びにシステム効率を増大し及びシステム据付費を削減するために膜分離システムと両システムを一体化している。
生物学的膜処理システムは、近年廃水処理において使用される最も一般的な技術のひとつである。このようなシステムは、分離媒体として膜を利用し、そこでは最初に廃水が微生物により分解され、次に固形物を液体から分離するために、真空圧力差の駆動力により膜を通過させられる。得られる膜を通過した透過水は、処理された水である一方で、汚泥及び他の固形物は、膜分離リアクター内に捕獲され及び放出される。膜の実用寿命を延長するために、逆洗浄又は化学洗浄を利用し、膜表面に堆積した汚染物質を除去する。
公知の生物学的膜処理システムの欠点に対処するために、本発明は、有機化合物を含有する廃水を処理するシステムを提供し、これは:
嫌気性処理プロセスを通じて廃水中の有機汚染物質を除去することが可能な、嫌気性バイオリアクター;
該嫌気性バイオリアクターの後方に配置され及び該嫌気性バイオリアクターの流出液中の残存有機汚染物質を好気性処理プロセスを通じて除去することが可能な、好気性バイオリアクター;並びに
該好気性バイオリアクターの後方に配置され及び該好気性リアクターの流出液中の液体から固形物を分離することが可能な、膜分離リアクターを備える。
前述の嫌気性バイオリアクターは更に、脱窒微生物を含むことができる。
膜分離リアクターの膜は、該膜上の汚れを洗浄するために連続してバイオガス又は空気により洗い流すことができる。
(a)有機汚染物質を含有する廃水を、嫌気性バイオリアクターへ供給し、そこでその中の嫌気性細菌が廃水中の有機汚染物質を分解する工程;
(b)工程(a)の嫌気性バイオリアクターの流出液を、好気性バイオリアクターへ供給し、そこでその中の好気性細菌が廃水中の残存有機物を分解し及び水に溶解した二酸化炭素が空気ストリッピングにより揮散され、その結果水のpH値が増加し、これにより金属炭酸塩の結晶、ストラバイト及び無機固形物が生成され、並びに生物学的凝集により好気性細菌のフロックマトリックスに挿入される工程;並びに
(c)工程(b)の好気性バイオリアクターの流出液を、膜分離反応(reaction)へ供給し、そこで水中の固形物が分離され、有機汚染物質非含有の流出液を得る工程を含む。
前述の有機化合物を含有する廃水を処理するための方法は更に、工程(a)において脱窒手法を含むことができる。前述の有機化合物を含有する廃水を処理するための方法は更に、工程(a)の前にアルカリ汚泥加水分解装置において好気性廃棄用汚泥をアルカリ加水分解し、好気性廃水の加水分解及び嫌気性汚泥の消化能を増強する工程を含む。
前述の有機化合物を含有する廃水を処理するための方法は更に、嫌気性バイオリアクター中の微生物の喪失を減少し及び微生物の濃度を維持するために、好気性バイオリアクター及び膜分離リアクターから嫌気性バイオリアクターへ微生物をリサイクルする工程を含む。
図1に示したように、本発明の有機化合物を含有する廃水を処理するシステム10は、以下を備えている:廃水中の有機汚染物質を嫌気性処理プロセスを通じて除去することが可能である、嫌気性バイオリアクター1;該嫌気性バイオリアクター1の後方に配置され及び好気性処理プロセスにより該嫌気性バイオリアクター1の流出液中の残存有機汚染物質を除去することが可能である、好気性バイオリアクター2;並びに、好気性バイオリアクター2の後方に配置され及び好気性バイオリアクター2の流出液中の液体から固形物を分離することが可能である、膜分離リアクター3。
本実施例において使用したシステムは、図1に示したように、嫌気性バイオリアクター1、好気性バイオリアクター2及び膜分離リアクター3を備えた。嫌気性バイオリアクターの作業容積は54Lであり;好気性バイオリアクターのそれは16Lであり、及び膜分離リアクターのそれは6Lである。食品用UASBリアクターからの嫌気性顆粒状汚泥を、ブレンダーで粉砕し、その後種汚泥として使用した。嫌気性バイオリアクター及び好気性バイオリアクターは両方とも最初に、この種汚泥を供給した。好気性バイオリアクター内の有機物質を分解することができる微生物は、通性細菌であった。このシステムにおいて使用される膜は、浸水型限外ろ過であり、曝気に使用されるガスはバイオガスであった。このシステムは、未処理の水をポンプ注入し、好気性バイオリアクター及び膜分離リアクターの汚泥、並びに膜分離リアクターの流出液をリサイクルするために、各々、3種の蠕動ポンプを装着していた。このシステムの再循環比は3であった。
Claims (4)
- 有機化合物を含有する廃水を処理するための方法であり:
(a)有機汚染物質を含有する廃水を、嫌気性バイオリアクターへ供給し、そこでその中の嫌気性細菌が廃水中の有機汚染物質を分解する工程;
(b)工程(a)の嫌気性バイオリアクターの流出液を、好気性バイオリアクターへ供給し、そこでその中の通性細菌が廃水中の残存有機物を分解し及び水に溶解した二酸化炭素が空気ストリッピングにより揮散され、水のpH値が増加し、これにより金属炭酸塩の結晶、ストラバイト及び無機固形物が生成され、並びに生物学的凝集により通性細菌のフロックマトリックスに挿入される工程;並びに
(c)工程(b)の好気性バイオリアクターの流出液を、膜分離リアクターへ供給し、そこで水中の固形物が分離され、有機汚染物質非含有の流出液を得る工程を含み、
該膜分離リアクターの膜がさらに、バイオガス、空気、又は空気と無機酸とにより洗い流されて、これにより該膜分離リアクターにおいてpH値を0.2〜1.0単位低下し膜鱗片を防止し、及び
該嫌気性及び好気性バイオリアクターの各々が最初に嫌気性種汚泥を含む、方法。 - 該方法が更に、工程(a)の前に廃棄用廃水中の毒性有機汚染物質を除去するために廃水を前処理する工程を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該方法が更に、工程(a)の前にアルカリ汚泥加水分解装置において好気性廃棄用汚泥をアルカリ加水分解する工程を含み、好気性廃水の加水分解を促進し及び嫌気性汚泥の消化能を増強することができる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該方法が、該好気性バイオリアクター及び膜分離リアクターから該嫌気性バイオリアクターへ微生物を循環する工程を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
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JP (2) | JP4233479B2 (ja) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109534596A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 用于光伏产业清洗剂废水的模块化集成处理***及方法 |
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US7435349B2 (en) | 2008-10-14 |
TWI313187B (en) | 2009-08-11 |
JP5213647B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
KR100600636B1 (ko) | 2006-07-13 |
US20060243661A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
KR20050049311A (ko) | 2005-05-25 |
DE102004019669A1 (de) | 2005-06-16 |
JP2009050852A (ja) | 2009-03-12 |
TW200517176A (en) | 2005-06-01 |
CA2470450C (en) | 2011-06-07 |
CA2470450A1 (en) | 2005-05-21 |
JP2005152878A (ja) | 2005-06-16 |
US7087170B2 (en) | 2006-08-08 |
US20050109694A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
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