JP4225419B2 - Avalanche prevention fence - Google Patents

Avalanche prevention fence Download PDF

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JP4225419B2
JP4225419B2 JP2004032013A JP2004032013A JP4225419B2 JP 4225419 B2 JP4225419 B2 JP 4225419B2 JP 2004032013 A JP2004032013 A JP 2004032013A JP 2004032013 A JP2004032013 A JP 2004032013A JP 4225419 B2 JP4225419 B2 JP 4225419B2
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snow
slope
prevention fence
avalanche prevention
members
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JP2005220693A (en
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秀樹 石山
和廣 小関
泰則 吉田
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Tokyo Rope Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Tokyo Rope Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は積雪地域の切土法面での雪崩防止柵に関する。   The present invention relates to an avalanche prevention fence on a cut slope in a snowy area.

積雪の多い地域の雪崩防止対策として、法面に所要傾斜角度の切土部と水平状の小段部を高さ方向で一定間隔ごとに設け、切土部である程度斜面上に堆雪させ２次堆雪幅を縮小させることが行なわれているが、切土法面では積雪が小段部からせり出して崩落したりする恐れがある。
そこで、この対策として、法面の途中の部位から法面と直角状あるいは所用角度に雪崩防止柵を突設することが行われている。 As measures to prevent avalanches in areas with a lot of snow, a cut part with the required inclination angle and a horizontal small step part are provided at regular intervals in the height direction on the slope, and secondary snow is accumulated on the slope to some extent in the cut part. Although the snow accumulating width is reduced, there is a risk that the snow piles out from the small steps and collapses on the cut slope.
Thus, as a countermeasure, an avalanche prevention fence is projected from a part in the middle of the slope at a right angle to the slope or at a desired angle.

この雪崩防止柵は、法面にアンカーを設け、これに控柱を左右方向で間隔をおいて立設し、控柱の天端に斜め外方に突出するように柱を固定し、各柱間上にブランクシートないしデッキプレートと呼ばれる台形状断面の板を装架固定した構造になっている。
しかし、この構造では棚の前面(斜面上方向)に雪を溜め込むので、設計積雪深よりも大きな値となり、クリープの変形と構造上の問題から、雪が柵を大幅にオーバーフローしやすいので、柵高さを非常に大きくしなければならない。
さらに、法面から斜め上方に張出し設置されるので、道路側からはっきりと視認され、オフシーズンには圧迫感を招いたり、景観を損なう不具合があった。 This avalanche prevention fence is provided with anchors on the slope, and holding columns are erected at intervals in the left-right direction, and the columns are fixed so that they protrude diagonally outward at the top of the holding column. It has a structure in which a trapezoidal cross-sectional plate called a blank sheet or a deck plate is mounted and fixed between them.
However, this structure accumulates snow on the front of the shelf (upward on the slope), so the value is larger than the designed snow depth, and because of the deformation of the creep and structural problems, the snow is likely to overflow the fence significantly. It must be very large.
In addition, since it is installed obliquely upward from the slope, it is clearly visible from the road side, and there was a problem that caused a sense of pressure during the off-season or damaged the landscape.

また、施工上も、アンカーを法面に構築しなければならずその基礎の施工間隔許容誤差が１ｃｍ以下と少ないことや、設置端部に風の巻き込みが生ずるため雪庇予防用のサイドフェンスの設置がさらに必要になることなどから施工性が芳しくなく、工期が長くなり、工事費が高くなる問題があった。   Also, for construction work, anchors must be constructed on the slope, and the tolerance of the construction interval of the foundation is as small as 1 cm or less, and wind trapping occurs at the end of the installation, so installation of side fences for preventing snowfall However, there is a problem that the workability is not good due to the necessity of further, the construction period becomes long, and the construction cost becomes high.

本発明は前記のような問題点を解消するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、簡単な構造で、施工性がよく、景観も損なうことが少なく、崩落雪を確実に防止できる吊り式の雪崩防止柵を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to have a simple structure, good workability, less damage to the landscape, and reliably prevent falling snow. The purpose is to provide a suspended avalanche fence.

上記目的を達成するため本発明は、法面に切土された水平状をなす小段部に左右方向で間隔をおいてアンカーを埋設し、小段部の前方には、これの前端付近に後端が位置し、それ以降が小段部のレベルとほぼ一致するように前方に延在する梁材を左右方向で間隔をおいて配し、梁材の後端部と先端部を、下端に法面に接地するプレートを備えた支柱体で次位の法面に支持し、さらに前記各梁材を前記アンカーからの条体で吊り支持し、前記左右の梁材間には雪留め材を装架したことを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention embeds anchors in a horizontal stepped portion cut into a slope at intervals in the left-right direction, and a rear end near the front end of the step is located in front of the step. Is positioned, and the beam material extending forward is arranged at intervals in the left and right direction so that the subsequent level is almost the same as the level of the small step portion, and the rear end and the front end of the beam material are at the lower end. supported on slopes of the next order in the strut having a plate for grounding the further aforementioned hanging supported by strip material from each beam member the anchor, mounted snow fastening material between the left and right beam members It is characterized by that.

本発明は、一定間隔で切土された小段の前方向幅を広げいわば人工ステップを設けて積雪時の崩落雪を防止させるので、積雪のせり出しと崩落を防止できる。このため、従来の法面途中から張り出す防雪柵の設置を不要ならしめ、あるいは設置数を減少することが可能になる。
また、雪崩防止柵が小段のラインとほぼ重なることにより景観を損なわない。さらに、アンカーを水平状の小段部に構築すればよいこと、梁材が小段部のラインで水平に延びるので雪留め材の装架作業も容易であることなどにより施工性がよく、工期も短くすることができるなどのすぐれた効果が得られる。 According to the present invention, since the forward width of the small steps cut at regular intervals is widened, an artificial step is provided to prevent the falling snow at the time of snow accumulation, so that the snow can be prevented from protruding and collapsing. For this reason, it becomes possible to make it unnecessary to install a snow fence extending from the middle of the slope or to reduce the number of installations.
In addition, the avalanche prevention fence almost overlaps the small line, so the landscape is not damaged. In addition, it is easy to install the anchors in the horizontal steps, and because the beam material extends horizontally along the lines of the steps, it is easy to mount the snow retaining material. Excellent effects such as being able to do it.

雪留め材は複数の部材を相互間に隙間を有して装架されている。これによれば、柵自体が軽量となるとともに、風が抜け、風荷重が小さくなるので、沈降圧を低くすることができ、条体で安定的に支持できる。
また、シーズン当初の降雪は間隔をおいた部材の間からすり抜けて地山に堆雪され、その後は部材上に堆雪されるので、オーバーフローが生じにくく、上下の法面の雪を結びつけ一体化させることができるので、崩落を確実に防止できる。 The snow retaining material is mounted with a plurality of members with a gap between them. According to this, since the fence itself becomes lightweight, the wind is removed and the wind load is reduced, so that the settling pressure can be lowered and can be stably supported by the strip.
In addition, the snowfall at the beginning of the season slips through between the spaced members and accumulates on the ground, and then accumulates on the members, so that overflow is unlikely to occur, and the upper and lower slopes of snow are combined and integrated. Therefore, the collapse can be surely prevented.

部材は、代表的には条材またはロープであり、端部が梁材に取付けられる。これによれば、アンカー間隔に応じた長さに工場で製作しておき、現場で簡単に設置することができるので、施工が容易である。   The member is typically a strip or rope, and the end is attached to the beam. According to this, since it can manufacture in the factory according to the length according to an anchor space | interval, and it can install easily on the spot, construction is easy.

以下添付図面を参照して本発明の実施例を説明する。
図１と図２は本発明による雪崩防止柵の第１実施例の全体を示すもので、１は法面全体であり、所要間隔ごとに切土されて水平状の小段部(ステップ)１ａが形成されており、小段部１ａ、１ａ間には分断された法面１ｂが形成されている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 2 show the entire first embodiment of the avalanche prevention fence according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes the entire slope, and a horizontal step (step) 1a is cut at every required interval. A slope 1b is formed between the small steps 1a and 1a.

２は本発明による雪崩防止柵であり、前記各小段部領域に付設されている。雪崩防止柵２は、図２(ａ)のように連続配置され、あるいは図２(ｂ)のように１〜２ｍ程度の間隔をあけて断続配置される。
雪崩防止柵２は、小段部１ａの幅方向後端ないしその近傍に埋設されたアンカー３と、小段部１ａの幅方向前端付近に後端が位置し、それ以降が小段部１ａのレベルとほぼ一致するように前方に延在する梁材４を有しており、梁材４は後端部と先端部が次位の法面１ｂに支柱体５、５’で支持され、かつ、後端部がアンカー３に連結されこれから延在されているワイヤロープ７で吊持されている。
前記アンカー３と梁材４は、左右方向で所定間隔たとえば２ｍごとに設けられており、各梁材４、４の上には雪留め材６が装架されている。 Reference numeral 2 denotes an avalanche prevention fence according to the present invention, which is attached to each small step region. The avalanche prevention fence 2 is continuously arranged as shown in FIG. 2A, or intermittently arranged with an interval of about 1 to 2 m as shown in FIG. 2B.
The avalanche prevention fence 2 has an anchor 3 embedded in the width direction rear end of the small step portion 1a or in the vicinity thereof, and a rear end located in the vicinity of the width direction front end of the small step portion 1a. The beam member 4 extends forward so as to coincide with the beam member 4, and the rear end portion and the front end portion thereof are supported by the support surface 5 b on the next slope 1 b, and the rear end portion The portion is connected to the anchor 3 and is suspended by a wire rope 7 extending therefrom.
The anchor 3 and the beam member 4 are provided at a predetermined interval, for example, every 2 m in the left-right direction, and a snow retaining member 6 is mounted on each beam member 4, 4.

前記雪崩防止柵２の各部を詳しく説明すると、アンカー３は、コンクリートアンカー、ケミカルアンカーなどでもよいが、この例ではパイプなどで構成された土砂中用アンカーが用いられており、図３のように小段部１ａの後端ないしその近傍に鉛直状に打ち込まれている。 The parts of the avalanche prevention fence 2 will be described in detail. The anchor 3 may be a concrete anchor, a chemical anchor, or the like. In this example, an anchor for earth and sand composed of a pipe or the like is used, as shown in FIG. It is driven vertically in the rear end of the small step portion 1a or in the vicinity thereof.

梁材４はH形鋼、溝形鋼などの鋼材あるいは木材で構成される。支柱体５、５´は、それぞれＨ形鋼や溝形鋼などの鋼材あるいは木材で構成された支柱５ａと、これの下端に角度固定あるいは角度可変に連結され法面１ｂに接地するそり状の広いプレート５ｂからなっている。支柱５ａは梁材の下面に溶接されるか、あるいは天端にベースを設け、これを梁材４の下面にボルト締めするなどして強固に固定される。   The beam 4 is made of steel such as H-shaped steel and groove-shaped steel, or wood. The column bodies 5 and 5 'are each a columnar 5a made of steel or wood such as H-shaped steel and groove-shaped steel, and a sled-like shape that is connected to the lower surface of the column 5a at a fixed or variable angle and grounded to the slope 1b. It consists of a wide plate 5b. The support 5a is welded to the lower surface of the beam member, or a base is provided at the top, and this is fixed firmly to the lower surface of the beam member 4 by bolting.

ワイヤロープ７は後端にリング状の定着用部７０がクリップなどで作られており、該定着用部７０はアンカー３の天端部に嵌められ、交差状のピン３１によってアンカーに連結されている。前記ワイヤロープ７は、小段部１ａの表面に沿って配され、小段部前端から法面１ｂに沿うように下傾され、先端がステー材５の支柱５ａに設けたブラケット５０に連結されている。
各梁材４，４の少なくとも前方側の支柱体５´、５´における左右の支柱５ａ、５ａは、図５のように対角状に交差させたステー部材５１，５１で結合されることで剛な矩形状骨格構造が作られ、ゆがみ変形が防止されている。 The wire rope 7 has a ring-shaped fixing portion 70 at its rear end made of a clip or the like. The fixing portion 70 is fitted to the top end portion of the anchor 3 and connected to the anchor by a cross-shaped pin 31. Yes. The wire rope 7 is arranged along the surface of the small step portion 1 a, is inclined downward along the slope 1 b from the front end of the small step portion, and the tip is connected to a bracket 50 provided on the column 5 a of the stay member 5. .
The left and right columns 5a and 5a of at least the column members 5 'and 5' on the front side of the beam members 4 and 4 are joined by stay members 51 and 51 that are diagonally crossed as shown in FIG. A rigid rectangular skeletal structure is created to prevent distortion.

左右の梁材４、４に装架される雪留め材６は、この例では、複数の部材６ａを相互間に隙間Ｓを有せしめるように装架して構成されている。かかる部材６ａとしては、条材、たとえば帯鋼板、棒鋼、形鋼、鋼管などの鋼材あるいは間伐材などの木材が挙げられる。
この例では鋼管が用いられ、図６のように梁材４のスパンに対応する間隔をおいて下面にボルト孔付きの座板６０を定着しており、図７（ａ）のように、座板６０を梁材４に載せ、ボルト６１を梁材４に貫通させてナットを螺合することにより固定されている。
これに代えて、図7（ｂ）のように、梁材４にボルト６１の下部を固定しておき、座板６０の通孔をボルト９に合わせ、ナットで締め付けてもよい。 In this example, the snow retaining material 6 mounted on the left and right beam members 4 and 4 is configured by mounting a plurality of members 6a so as to have a gap S therebetween. Examples of the member 6a include a strip material, for example, a steel material such as a strip steel plate, a bar steel, a shape steel, and a steel pipe, or a wood such as a thinned material.
In this example, a steel pipe is used, and a seat plate 60 with a bolt hole is fixed on the lower surface at an interval corresponding to the span of the beam member 4 as shown in FIG. 6, and as shown in FIG. The plate 60 is placed on the beam member 4, the bolt 61 is passed through the beam member 4, and the nut is screwed to fix the plate 60.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7B, the lower portion of the bolt 61 may be fixed to the beam member 4, the through hole of the seat plate 60 may be aligned with the bolt 9, and tightened with a nut.

雪留め材６は、この例ではさらにパウダースノー対策のために第２の部材６ａ´として金網を併用しており、これを前記部材６ａ、６ａの上に載せ、Ｕボルトと帯板およびボルトなどの止め部材６２で一定間隔ごとに部材６に止めている。   In this example, the snow retaining material 6 further uses a wire mesh as a second member 6a ′ for countermeasure against powder snow, and this is placed on the members 6a and 6a, and a U-bolt, a belt plate, a bolt, etc. The stop member 62 is fixed to the member 6 at regular intervals.

図８ないし図１０は、雪留め材６の部材６ａとして、端部にリング状の端末６３を設けたスチール製などの耐食性のよいロープを用いている。
かかるロープを簡単に所定間隔をおいて取り付け、装架させるために、各梁材４には、図１０のように、止め部として、梁材上面にたとえば３０ｃｍ以下の所定の間隔で中空状あるいは中実なボス４１を配設固定しており、前記ロープは左右の梁材４，４の前記ボス４１、４１間に渡され、端末６３、６３を嵌め合わせ引っ掛けることで係留装架される。
そして、各ボス４１、４１には、中間より上に梁材４の長手方向と平行に横孔４１０が設けられており、それら横穴４１に棒材６ｂを貫挿することでロープの外れ止めを図っている。 In FIGS. 8 to 10, as the member 6 a of the snow retaining material 6, a rope having good corrosion resistance such as steel having a ring-shaped end 63 provided at the end is used.
In order to easily attach and mount such ropes at a predetermined interval, each beam member 4 is provided with a hollow portion at a predetermined interval of, for example, 30 cm or less on the upper surface of the beam member as shown in FIG. A solid boss 41 is disposed and fixed, and the rope is passed between the bosses 41 and 41 of the left and right beam members 4 and 4, and is tethered by fitting and catching the terminals 63 and 63.
Each boss 41, 41 is provided with a horizontal hole 410 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the beam 4 above the middle, and the rod 6b is inserted into the horizontal hole 41 to prevent the rope from coming off. I am trying.

なお、この例では、左右の梁材４、４の先端部上面間に帯鋼板、棒鋼あるいは形鋼などから選ばれるスパン材８が掛け渡され、ボルトナットで梁材４、４のフランジに固定されている。
さらに、左右の梁材４、４の先端内側と後端内側の４点間は交差状のブレスロッド９、９が張り渡され、これらにより、剛な矩形状構造が作られている。 In this example, a span material 8 selected from a strip steel plate, a bar steel or a shape steel is spanned between the top surfaces of the left and right beam members 4 and 4 and fixed to the flanges of the beam members 4 and 4 with bolts and nuts. Has been.
Furthermore, crossed brace rods 9 and 9 are stretched between the four points on the inner side of the front and rear ends of the left and right beam members 4 and 4, thereby forming a rigid rectangular structure.

なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、法面の地質、積雪深さ、勾配などにより種々の態様を採用し得るもので、たとえば、雪留め材６は、部材６ａを平行状に配する場合に限らず、格子状に配してもよい。また、雪留め材６は、図１１のようにデッキプレートなどによる面板型としてもよい。   In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various aspect can be employ | adopted by the geology of a slope, a snow depth, a gradient, etc. For example, the snow-clamp material 6 parallels the member 6a. However, it is not limited to the case where it is arranged in the form of a grid. Moreover, the snow retaining material 6 may be a face plate type such as a deck plate as shown in FIG.

本発明により、たとえば前後幅１ｍの小段部１ａに１．３ｍ程度の雪崩防止柵を施工する手順を例示すると、アンカー３を小段部１ａの後方の所定位置に一定間隔で設置する。この作業は足場が安定した広い水平部で行えるので容易である。
一方、梁材４には、予め工場であるいは現場で支柱体５，５´を固定してアッセンブリとし、あるいはさらに左右の支柱体５，５´をステー部材５１，５１で結合して大アッセンブリとする。 For example, according to the present invention, for example, a procedure for constructing an avalanche prevention fence of about 1.3 m on a small step portion 1 a having a front and rear width of 1 m, the anchors 3 are installed at predetermined intervals at a predetermined position behind the small step portion 1 a. This work is easy because it can be performed on a wide horizontal part with a stable scaffold.
On the other hand, the beam member 4 is preliminarily fixed at the factory or in the field to form the assembly by fixing the column bodies 5 and 5 ′, or the left and right column bodies 5 and 5 ′ are joined by the stay members 51 and 51. To do.

こうしたアッセンブリに、アンカー３に連結しておいたワイヤロープ７の端部を連結し、法面１ｂに配置する。こうすれば、支柱体５，５´の下端のプレート５ｂ、５ｂが大きな面積を有しているので、梁材４の上面が小段部１ａのレベルとほぼ一致するように安定して法面１ｂに支持されるとともに、ワイヤロープ７で吊持されることによりずり落ちたりせずに設置される。   The end of the wire rope 7 connected to the anchor 3 is connected to such an assembly, and the assembly is disposed on the slope 1b. In this case, since the lower plates 5b and 5b of the support columns 5 and 5 'have a large area, the slope 1b is stably provided so that the upper surface of the beam member 4 substantially coincides with the level of the small step portion 1a. Is supported by the wire rope 7 and is installed without sliding down by being suspended by the wire rope 7.

左右の梁材４、４間に雪留め材６の各部材６ａを渡して端部を固定する。この作業は、水平状の小段部１ａとほぼ同じレベルの梁材４、４に対して行なうので非常に容易であり、また、大アッセンブリの場合には、予め雪留め材を梁材４，４に固定しておくこともできるので、さらに容易である。   Each member 6a of the snow retaining material 6 is passed between the left and right beam members 4 and 4 to fix the end portions. This operation is very easy because it is performed on the beam members 4 and 4 at substantially the same level as that of the horizontal small step portion 1a. It is even easier because it can also be fixed to.

設置状態においては、雪崩防止柵２が小段部１ａを延長した形態となるので景観を損なわない。降雪の始まりでは、雪は部材６ａ、６ａ間の隙間Ｓを通過して下段の法面１ｂに積り、降雪量が多くなると部材６ａ、６ａ間にブリッジとなって堆積する。したがって、実質的に小段部幅が増大し、しかも、雪崩防止柵２の全体が上下の法面の雪を結びつけ一体化させる「節」となるので、崩落雪を確実に防止できる。   In the installed state, since the avalanche prevention fence 2 becomes the form which extended the small step part 1a, a landscape is not impaired. At the beginning of the snowfall, the snow passes through the gap S between the members 6a and 6a and accumulates on the lower slope 1b. When the amount of snowfall increases, the snow accumulates as a bridge between the members 6a and 6a. Accordingly, the width of the small step portion is substantially increased, and the avalanche prevention fence 2 as a whole is a “node” that unites and integrates snow on the upper and lower slopes, so that the falling snow can be reliably prevented.

雪留め材６の部材６ａとしてロープ類を使用した場合、設置時の現場への搬入作業が容易になり、すぐれた強度により積雪を受け止めることができる。融雪が始まると円滑に堆雪を落下させることができ、また細いため目立たず、景観を損なわないなどの利点がある。   When ropes are used as the member 6a of the snow retaining material 6, it is easy to carry in to the site at the time of installation, and snow can be received with excellent strength. When snow melting begins, snow can be dropped smoothly, and since it is thin, it does not stand out and has the advantage of not damaging the landscape.

本発明による雪崩防止柵の一例を設置状態で示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of the avalanche prevention fence by this invention in an installation state. (ａ)、(ｂ)は設置例の平面図である。(a), (b) is a top view of the example of installation. (ａ)は図１の一部拡大図である。(a) is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 図２の一部拡大図である。FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2. 図４の正面図である。FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. 4. 雪溜め材の部材の一例を示す部分切欠平面図である。It is a partial notch top view which shows an example of the member of a snow accumulating material. （ａ）、（ｂ）は、部材と梁材の取り合い例を示す断面である。(A), (b) is a cross section which shows the example of a connection of a member and a beam material. 雪崩防止柵の別例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows another example of the avalanche prevention fence. 図８の部分的拡大図である。It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. 図９の部材の取り付け状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the attachment state of the member of FIG. (ａ)は雪留め材の他の例を示す側面図、(ｂ)はその部分的平面図である。(a) is a side view showing another example of the snow retaining material, and (b) is a partial plan view thereof.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ａ 小段部
１ｂ 斜面
２ 雪崩防止柵
３ アンカー
４ 梁材
５ 支柱体
６ 雪留め材
６ａ 部材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Small step part 1b Slope 2 Avalanche prevention fence 3 Anchor 4 Beam material
5 Prop body 6 Snow retaining material 6a Member

Claims (3)

法面１に切土された水平状をなす小段部に左右方向で間隔をおいてアンカーを埋設し、小段部の前方には、これの前端付近に後端が位置し、それ以降が小段部のレベルとほぼ一致するように前方に延在する梁材を左右方向で間隔をおいて配し、梁材の後端部と先端部を、下端に法面に接地するプレートを備えた支柱体で次位の法面に支持し、さらに前記各梁材を前記アンカーからの条体で吊り支持し、前記左右の梁材４，４間には雪留め材6を装架したことを特徴とする雪崩防止柵。 Anchors are embedded in the horizontal stepped portion cut on the slope 1 with an interval in the left-right direction, and the rear end is located near the front end of the stepped portion in front of the stepped portion. Columns that have beams that extend forward so as to substantially match the level of the beam and that are spaced apart in the left-right direction, and that have a plate that grounds the rear end and tip of the beam material to the slope at the lower end. in supporting the slope of the next order, and characterized in that further said to hanging supported by strip material from each beam member the anchor, which is mounted a snow retaining material 6 between the right and left beam members 4, 4 An avalanche prevention fence. 雪留め材が複数の部材を相互間に隙間を有せしめて装架することで構成されている請求項１に記載の雪崩防止柵。   The avalanche prevention fence according to claim 1, wherein the snow retaining material is constructed by mounting a plurality of members with a gap between them. 部材が条材またはロープから構成され、端部が左右の梁材に取付けられている請求項２に記載の雪崩防止柵。
The avalanche prevention fence according to claim 2, wherein the member is composed of a strip or a rope, and the ends are attached to the left and right beam members.
JP2004032013A 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Avalanche prevention fence Expired - Lifetime JP4225419B2 (en)

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