JP4167360B2 - Chip-type electronic components - Google Patents

Chip-type electronic components Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4167360B2
JP4167360B2 JP27958999A JP27958999A JP4167360B2 JP 4167360 B2 JP4167360 B2 JP 4167360B2 JP 27958999 A JP27958999 A JP 27958999A JP 27958999 A JP27958999 A JP 27958999A JP 4167360 B2 JP4167360 B2 JP 4167360B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
external terminal
chip
type electronic
electronic component
terminal electrodes
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JP27958999A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001102247A (en
Inventor
和寛 池田
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Kyocera Corp
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Kyocera Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、積層セラミックコンデンサ、チップ抵抗器などのチップ型電子部品の構造に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
プリント基板の表面に実装されるチップ型電子部品は、所定機能を有する誘電体積層基板や絶縁性セラミック基板の両端部に外部端子電極が夫々形成される。
【0003】
このような外部端子電極は、導電性金属粉末とメッキ液に溶解することがない耐酸性の強いガラスフリットとを含む厚膜下地導体層用導電性ペーストを、ディップ法により基板の端部に塗布し、その後焼き付け処理を施していた。
【0004】
その後、この下地導体層の表面に、半田食われが生じ難い材料などのNiメッキ層を形成していた。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上述のように形成された外部端子電極は、表面及び内部がポーラス状態となっている。このため、湿度の高い場所に放置した場合、水分がメッキ層を介して、厚膜下地導体層に浸透している。さらに、この水分が厚膜下地導体層を介して、例えば、電子部品素体(容量内部電極層、抵抗体膜、各種導体)まで到達すると、その間での接続状態が変動してしまう。例えば、外部端子電極に電流が流れた際に、電池反応が起こり、この接続部分が腐食し、絶縁抵抗が低下するという問題があった。
【0006】
本発明は上述の問題点に鑑みて案出されたものであり、その目的は、外部端子電極と電子部品素体との接続信頼性の低下を防止できるチップ型電子部品を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、矩形状セラミック基体の両端部に、厚膜下地導体層及び表面メッキ層からなり、表面及び内部にポーラス部分を有する外部端子電極を形成して成るチップ型電子部品において、前記外部端子電極に、撥水性を有する部材を内部の前記ポーラス部分に含浸させ表面からは除去したことを特徴とするチップ型電子部品である。
【0008】
【作用】
本発明のチップ型電子部品は、外部端子電極に撥水性を有する部材が含浸されているため、チップ型電子部品を湿度の高い場所に放置した場合も、外部端子電極のポーラス部分に、水分が浸入することはなく、逆に弾き返すことになる。即ち、水分が表面メッキ層、厚膜下地導体層を通って、電子部品素体に到達することがない。
【0009】
従って、厚膜下地導体層と電子部品素体との接合部分に電流が流れても、腐食変質して絶縁抵抗が悪化することは一切ない。
【0010】
また、撥水性を有する部材は、外部端子電極に含浸されいるだけであり、その外部端子電極の表面は、通常のチップ型電子部品と何ら変わりはなく、半田濡れ性が低下することもない。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のチップ型電子部品を図面に基づいて詳説する。尚、説明では、誘電体積層基板の各誘電体層間に内部電極層を形成してなる積層セラミックコンデンサを用いて説明する。
【0012】
図1はチップコンデンサの外観斜視図であり、図2は断面図であり、図3は、外部端子電極付近の拡大断面図である。
【0013】
積層セラミックコンデンサは、複数の誘電体層1が積層して成る直方体状の積層体本体10と、積層体本体10の両端部に形成した外部端子電極2、3とから構成されている。
【0014】
積層体本体10の各誘電体層1の層間には、内部電極層11、12が配置されている。そして、内部電極層11は積層体本体1の一方の端部に導出し、内部電極層12は積層体本体1の他方の端部に導出している。
【0015】
上述の誘電体層1は、チタン酸バリウム(BaTiO3 )を主成分とする誘電体材料からなり、内部電極層11、12は、NiやAg−Pd、Cuなどを主成分とした導体材料から成っている。
【0016】
また、外部端子電極2、3は、厚膜下地導体層31と、表面メッキ層32とからなっている。厚膜下地導体層31は、AgやCuを主成分とする厚膜下地導体層用導電性ペーストをディップ法などにより塗布し、焼き付けすることにより形成される。具体的には、厚膜下地導体層用導電性ペーストは、上述の導電性金属粉末、メッキ液に溶解することがない耐酸性の強いガラスフリット、有機ビヒクルから成る。また、導電性金属材料にCuを用いた場合には、還元雰囲気で焼き付ける。また、表面メッキ層32は、Ni、Ni−Snを主成分とする半田食われが生じ難い材料から成っている。
【0017】
本発明の積層セラミックコンデンサでは、前記外部端子電極2、3の内部ポーラス部分に撥水性を有する部材4が含浸されている。この撥水性を有する部材4とは、グリースなどの鉱物油を主成分として、炭化水素系有機溶剤で溶かしたものや低粘度のグリースなどが例示できる。即ち、外部端子電極2、3を構成する導電性金属粉末が粒成長などによって、金属粉末の界面間に発生するポーラス部分を充填するように配置されている。そして、外部端子電極2、3の表面には存在していない。
【0018】
このような構造により、湿度の高い場所に放置した場合でも、水分が外部端子電極2、3に浸入することが一切ないため、外部端子電極2、3と内部電極層11、12との接合部分が腐食などによって変質しない。従って、実際にプリント配線基板上に積層セラミックコンデンサを実装し、この接続部分に電流が流れても、電池反応により、絶縁抵抗が悪化するということが一切なくなる。
【0019】
また、プリント配線基板上に積層セラミックコンデンサを半田接合を行う際に、半田濡れ性が低下して、実装が不可能となるということが一切ない。
【0020】
このような外部端子電極2、3に撥水性を有する部材4が含浸された積層セラミックコンデンサは、通常の積層セラミックコンデンサの製造方法に、最終含浸処理を行うことによって達成できる。
【0021】
まず、通常の製造方法で得られた積層セラミックコンデンサを形成する。また、撥水性を有するグリースなどの鉱物油を炭化水素系有機溶剤で希釈して、粘度を低下させた液状体を用意する。
【0022】
次に、容器に多数の積層セラミックコンデンサを入れ、続いて、撥水性を有するグリースなどの液状体を投入する。この時、多数の積層セラミックコンデンサが液状体で満たされるようにする。
【0023】
次に、容器をデシケーターに入れ、真空にて1Hr放置した。この処理により、積層セラミックコンデンサの外部端子電極のポーラス部分に存在している空気が追い出されることになる。これより、空気の代わりに撥水性を有するグリースなどの液状体が浸入し、ポーラス部分は液状体で満たされる。
【0024】
次に、くるみ粉などの充填したポリポットに、積層セラミックコンデンサを投入し、乾式除去を行うことにより、積層セラミックコンデンサの表面、即ち、外部端子電極2、3及び該外部端子電極2、3から露出する積層体本体1に付着する撥水性を有する部材を物理的にそぎ落とした。
【0025】
ここで、湿式除去では外部端子電極2、3のポーラス部分に再度洗浄液が入り込み、その結果、撥水性を有する部材が外部端子電極2、3から染み出してくる恐れがある。これを防止するために乾式除去を行っている。
【0026】
本発明は、含浸処理前の積層セラミックコンデンサ7500個について、温度65℃、湿度90〜95%、定格電圧印加という条件下で125時間放置するという高温高湿負荷試験を行った。その結果、絶縁抵抗が規格から外れた絶縁抵抗不良の個数が64個(発生率0.8%)発生した。
【0027】
次に、上述と同一製造ロットの積層セラミックコンデンサについて、上述の含浸処理を行い、外部端子電極2、3に撥水性を有する部材4を含浸させた。その結果、7500個すべてが絶縁抵抗不良の発生はなかった。
【0028】
尚、積層セラミックコンデンサの品種は、3225形F特性22μFであるが、3216形F特性10μFであっても、当初の発生率が60個であったが、含浸処理により絶縁抵抗不良が皆無となる。即ち、外部端子電極2、3に内部に撥水性を有する部材4を含有させることにより、絶縁抵抗不良を大幅に低下させることができた。
【0029】
次に、外部端子電極内部に上記含浸処理を行った積層セラミックコンデンサに半濡れ性良否の試験を行った。クリーム半田にてプリント基板上に設けたランド上に固定した後、熱をかけ半田を溶融するリフロー半田付けを行った際に、濡れ不良が発生する個数をロット毎(100個)に調べた。
【0030】
その結果、異なる3つのロットについて調べたが、不良の発生率は無かった。即ち、上記含浸処理を行った後の不要な撥水性を有する部材は乾式除去を行うことにより、外部端子電極2,3の表面から取り除かれ、半田濡れ性に何ら問題はないことがわかった。
【0031】
次に、上記含浸処理を行った後に、再度高温高湿負荷試験を行い、撥水性を有する液状体が外部端子電極2、3から染み出さないかを試験した。その高温高湿負荷試験の経過時間125〜500時間行ったが、外部端子電極2、3の表面に撥水性を有する部材4染み出してくることはなく、外観上は通常の積層セラミックコンデンサと何ら変わらないことがわかった。
【0032】
かくして本発明のチップ型電子部品によれば、外部端子電極2、3のポーラス部分に、撥水性を有する部材を含浸させることにより、湿度の高い場所に放置した場合も、外部端子電極と電子部品素体との接続部分の腐食・変質が一切発生しない。
【0033】
しかも、撥水性を有する部材4を、外部端子電極2、3に含浸させても、外観上は通常のチップ型電子部品と何ら変わりはなく、また半田濡れ性が低下することもない。しかも、この撥水性を有する部材4を含浸する積層セラミックコンデンサを長期間放置しても、撥水性を有する部材4を外部端子電極2、3に安定保持できる。
【0034】
また、上述の撥水性を有する部材4の含浸方法が、上述のように真空雰囲気にて放置して含浸させた後、乾式除去を行うという極めて簡単な方法で達成できるため、簡単且つ安価な方法で実施できる。
【0035】
さらに、外部端子電極2、3の表面メッキ層32を形成した後に処理するため、例えば高温高湿負荷試験で不良になった製品の救済措置としても利用でき、メッキまでの工程が全てムダになるという生産上の問題も解決できる。
【0036】
なお、本発明は上記の実施例では積層セラミックコンデンサを用いて説明したが、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内での種々の変更や改良等は何ら差し支えない。例えば、積層バリスタ、積層サーミスタ、チップ抵抗器など、セラミックの単板状基板、積層基板の端部に厚膜下地導体膜を有する電子部品全般に用いることができる。
【0037】
また、撥水性を有する部材として、グリースなどの鉱物油を用いたが、一般に潤滑剤、防錆剤のように、撥水作用を有する液体状部材を用いても構わない。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明のチップ型電子部品によれば、外部端子電極の内部のポーラス部分に撥水性を有する部材が含浸しているため、このポーラス部分に水分が浸入することを抑えることができる。これにより、外部端子電極と電子部品素体との接続状態が変化することがなく、接続信頼性が安定する。
【0039】
また、撥水性を有する部材を外部端子電極の表面からは除去しているため、撥水性を有する部材が外部端子電極の内部のポーラス部分に含浸していない電子部品と比べて、外観上及び半田濡れ性については全く遜色がないものとなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明にかかるチップ型電子部品の外観斜視図である。
【図2】本発明にかかるチップ型電子部品の断面構造図である。
【図3】本発明にかかるチップ型電子部品の外部端子電極分の拡大断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・・・誘電体層
2、3・・外部端子電極
31・・・厚膜下地導体層
32・・・表面メッキ層
4・・・・撥水性を有する部材
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the structure of chip-type electronic components such as multilayer ceramic capacitors and chip resistors.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the chip-type electronic component mounted on the surface of the printed board, external terminal electrodes are formed on both ends of a dielectric laminated substrate having a predetermined function and an insulating ceramic substrate, respectively.
[0003]
For such external terminal electrodes, a conductive paste for thick film base conductor layer containing conductive metal powder and highly acid-resistant glass frit that does not dissolve in the plating solution is applied to the edge of the substrate by dipping. Then, the baking process was performed.
[0004]
Thereafter, a Ni plating layer such as a material that hardly causes solder erosion was formed on the surface of the underlying conductor layer.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the external terminal electrode formed as described above has a porous state on the surface and inside. For this reason, when left in a place with high humidity, moisture permeates the thick film base conductor layer through the plating layer. Furthermore, when this moisture reaches the electronic component body (capacitor internal electrode layer, resistor film, various conductors) through the thick film base conductor layer, for example, the connection state between them changes. For example, when a current flows through the external terminal electrode, a battery reaction occurs, and this connection portion is corroded, resulting in a problem that the insulation resistance is lowered.
[0006]
The present invention has been devised in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a chip-type electronic component that can prevent a decrease in connection reliability between an external terminal electrode and an electronic component element body. .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, both ends of the rectangular ceramic substrate, Ri Do thick film conductive underlayer and the surface plating layer, the surface and Te chip-type electronic component odor obtained by forming external terminal electrodes that having a porous portion therein The chip-type electronic component is characterized in that the external terminal electrode is impregnated with a water repellent member in the porous portion and removed from the surface .
[0008]
[Action]
In the chip-type electronic component of the present invention, the external terminal electrode is impregnated with a water-repellent member. Therefore, even when the chip-type electronic component is left in a place with high humidity, moisture remains in the porous portion of the external terminal electrode. It does not invade and rebounds. That is, moisture does not reach the electronic component body through the surface plating layer and the thick film underlying conductor layer.
[0009]
Therefore, even if a current flows through the junction between the thick film base conductor layer and the electronic component body, the corrosion resistance does not deteriorate and the insulation resistance does not deteriorate at all.
[0010]
The member having water repellency is merely impregnated in the external terminal electrode, and the surface of the external terminal electrode is not different from a normal chip-type electronic component, and the solder wettability is not lowered.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The chip-type electronic component of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, a multilayer ceramic capacitor in which an internal electrode layer is formed between the dielectric layers of the dielectric multilayer substrate will be described.
[0012]
1 is an external perspective view of a chip capacitor, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of an external terminal electrode.
[0013]
Multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a rectangular parallelepiped laminate body 10 in which a plurality of dielectric layers 1 is formed by laminating, which consists of the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 Metropolitan formed at both ends of the stack body 10.
[0014]
Internal electrode layers 11 and 12 are disposed between the dielectric layers 1 of the multilayer body 10. The internal electrode layer 11 is led out to one end of the multilayer body 1, and the internal electrode layer 12 is led out to the other end of the multilayer body 1.
[0015]
The dielectric layer 1 is made of a dielectric material mainly composed of barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), and the internal electrode layers 11 and 12 are made of a conductor material mainly composed of Ni, Ag—Pd, Cu, or the like. It is made up.
[0016]
The external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 are each composed of a thick film base conductor layer 31 and a surface plating layer 32. The thick film base conductor layer 31 is formed by applying and baking a conductive paste for a thick film base conductor layer mainly composed of Ag or Cu by a dipping method or the like. Specifically, the conductive paste for the thick film base conductor layer is composed of the above-described conductive metal powder, a glass frit with strong acid resistance that does not dissolve in the plating solution, and an organic vehicle. When Cu is used as the conductive metal material, baking is performed in a reducing atmosphere. Further, the surface plating layer 32 is made of a material containing Ni and Ni—Sn as a main component and hardly causing solder erosion.
[0017]
In the multilayer ceramic capacitor of the present invention, the internal porous portions of the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 are impregnated with a member 4 having water repellency. Examples of the water-repellent member 4 include those having mineral oil such as grease as a main component and dissolved in a hydrocarbon organic solvent, low-viscosity grease, and the like. That is, the conductive metal powder constituting the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 is arranged so as to fill a porous portion generated between the interfaces of the metal powder by grain growth or the like. And it does not exist on the surface of the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3.
[0018]
With such a structure, even when left in a place with high humidity, moisture does not enter the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 at all. Therefore, the junction between the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 and the internal electrode layers 11 and 12 Does not change due to corrosion. Therefore, even when a multilayer ceramic capacitor is actually mounted on a printed wiring board and a current flows through this connection portion, the insulation resistance is never deteriorated due to a battery reaction.
[0019]
In addition, when solder bonding a multilayer ceramic capacitor on a printed wiring board, solder wettability is lowered and mounting is impossible.
[0020]
Such a multilayer ceramic capacitor in which the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 are impregnated with the member 4 having water repellency can be achieved by performing a final impregnation process in an ordinary multilayer ceramic capacitor manufacturing method.
[0021]
First, a multilayer ceramic capacitor obtained by a normal manufacturing method is formed. In addition, a liquid having a reduced viscosity is prepared by diluting a mineral oil such as grease having water repellency with a hydrocarbon-based organic solvent.
[0022]
Next, a large number of multilayer ceramic capacitors are placed in a container, and then a liquid material such as grease having water repellency is charged. At this time, a large number of multilayer ceramic capacitors are filled with the liquid material.
[0023]
Next, the container was placed in a desiccator and left in a vacuum for 1 hour. By this processing, air existing in the porous portion of the external terminal electrode of the multilayer ceramic capacitor is expelled. Thus, a liquid material such as grease having water repellency permeates instead of air, and the porous portion is filled with the liquid material.
[0024]
Next, the multilayer ceramic capacitor is put into a polypot filled with walnut powder, and dry removal is performed to expose the surface of the multilayer ceramic capacitor, that is, the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 and the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3. The water-repellent member attached to the laminate body 1 was physically scraped off.
[0025]
Here, in the wet removal, the cleaning liquid again enters the porous portions of the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3, and as a result, a member having water repellency may ooze out from the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3. Dry removal is performed to prevent this.
[0026]
In the present invention, a high-temperature and high-humidity load test was performed in which 7500 multilayer ceramic capacitors before the impregnation treatment were left for 125 hours under conditions of a temperature of 65 ° C., a humidity of 90 to 95%, and a rated voltage application. As a result, 64 insulation resistance defects with an insulation resistance deviating from the standard were generated (occurrence rate 0.8%).
[0027]
Next, the above-described impregnation treatment was performed on the multilayer ceramic capacitor of the same production lot as described above, and the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 were impregnated with the member 4 having water repellency. As a result, there was no occurrence of defective insulation resistance in all 7500 pieces.
[0028]
The type of multilayer ceramic capacitor is 3225 type F characteristic 22 μF, but even if it is 3216 type F characteristic 10 μF, the initial occurrence rate was 60, but the impregnation treatment eliminates any insulation resistance failure. . That is, by including the member 4 having water repellency inside the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3, the insulation resistance failure could be greatly reduced.
[0029]
Next, a semi-wetting test was performed on the multilayer ceramic capacitor that had been subjected to the above impregnation treatment inside the external terminal electrode. After fixing on a land provided on a printed circuit board with cream solder, when reflow soldering was performed by applying heat to melt the solder, the number of occurrences of wetting defects was examined for each lot (100).
[0030]
As a result, were examined for three different lots were bought incidence of failure nothingness. That is, by performing member dry removal with unwanted water repellency after the above impregnation process, removed Ri preparative surface or these external terminal electrodes 2 and 3, that there is no problem in solderability all right.
[0031]
Next, after performing the impregnation treatment, a high temperature and high humidity load test was performed again to test whether the liquid material having water repellency oozes from the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3. Its high temperature and humidity load test elapsed time went 125-500 hours, rather flower that member 4 having water repellency to the surface of the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 come oozing, appearance typical multilayer ceramic It turns out that it is no different from a capacitor.
[0032]
Thus, according to the chip-type electronic component of the present invention, the external terminal electrode and the electronic component can be used even when left in a place with high humidity by impregnating the porous portions of the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 with a water repellent member. Corrosion / degeneration of the connection part with the element does not occur at all.
[0033]
Moreover, even if the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 are impregnated with the water repellent member 4, there is no change in appearance from ordinary chip-type electronic components, and solder wettability does not deteriorate. Moreover, even when the multilayer ceramic capacitor impregnated with the water repellent member 4 is left for a long period of time, the water repellent member 4 can be stably held on the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3.
[0034]
Moreover, since the impregnation method of the member 4 having water repellency described above can be achieved by a very simple method of leaving and impregnating in a vacuum atmosphere as described above and then performing dry removal, a simple and inexpensive method. Can be implemented.
[0035]
Further, since the surface plating layer 32 of the external terminal electrodes 2 and 3 is formed and then processed, it can be used, for example, as a remedy for a defective product in a high-temperature and high-humidity load test, and all processes up to plating are wasted. Can solve the production problem.
[0036]
The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary product layer ceramic capacitor in the example above, various modifications and improvements such as no problem within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the present invention can be used for all kinds of electronic components having a multilayered varistor, a laminated thermistor, a chip resistor and the like, and a ceramic single plate-like substrate and a thick-film base conductor film at the end of the laminated substrate.
[0037]
Further, although mineral oil such as grease is used as a member having water repellency, a liquid member having water repellency may be used, such as a lubricant or a rust inhibitor.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the chip-type electronic component of the present invention, since the member having water repellency to the interior of the porous part of the external terminal electrodes are impregnated, suppress obtain that the moisture from entering to the porous portion Can do. As a result, the connection state between the external terminal electrode and the electronic component body does not change, and the connection reliability is stabilized.
[0039]
Further, since the member having water repellency is removed from the surface of the external terminal electrode, compared with an electronic component in which the member having water repellency is not impregnated in the porous portion inside the external terminal electrode , the appearance and solder The wettability is completely inferior.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a chip-type electronic component according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional structural view of a chip-type electronic component according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an external terminal electrode of a chip type electronic component according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Dielectric layer 2, 3 ... External terminal electrode 31 ... Thick film base conductor layer 32 ... Surface plating layer 4 ... Water-repellent member

Claims (1)

矩形状セラミック基体の両端部に、厚膜下地導体層及び表面メッキ層からなり、表面及び内部にポーラス部分を有する外部端子電極を形成して成るチップ型電子部品において、
前記外部端子電極に、撥水性を有する部材を内部の前記ポーラス部分に含浸させ表面からは除去したことを特徴とするチップ型電子部品。
At both ends of the rectangular ceramic substrate, Ri Do thick film conductive underlayer and the surface plating layer, the surface and the chip-type electronic component obtained by forming the external terminal electrodes that having a porous portion therein,
A chip-type electronic component, wherein the external terminal electrode is impregnated with a water-repellent member in the porous portion and removed from the surface .
JP27958999A 1999-09-30 1999-09-30 Chip-type electronic components Expired - Fee Related JP4167360B2 (en)

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US9704649B2 (en) 2010-05-19 2017-07-11 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Method for producing ceramic electronic component
US11996240B2 (en) 2020-12-18 2024-05-28 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Electronic component having a body and sealing thin film disposed in a microhole of the body

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