JP4141055B2 - Variable valve operating device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Variable valve operating device for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4141055B2
JP4141055B2 JP17487399A JP17487399A JP4141055B2 JP 4141055 B2 JP4141055 B2 JP 4141055B2 JP 17487399 A JP17487399 A JP 17487399A JP 17487399 A JP17487399 A JP 17487399A JP 4141055 B2 JP4141055 B2 JP 4141055B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cam
swing cam
tip
internal combustion
combustion engine
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JP17487399A
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JP2001003722A (en
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徹朗 後藤
吉彦 山田
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Hitachi Ltd
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0021Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0021Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
    • F01L13/0026Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio by means of an eccentric

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、内燃機関の運転状態に応じて吸気弁や排気弁(吸・排気弁)の開閉時期(作動角)やバルブリフト量を変えることができる可変動弁装置の改良に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
周知のように、機関低速低負荷時における燃費の改善や安定した運転性並びに高速高負荷時における吸気の充填効率の向上による十分な出力を確保する等のために、吸・排気弁の開閉時期やバルブリフト量を機関運転状態に応じて変えることができる可変動弁装置が従来から種々提案されている。
【0003】
一例として、特開昭55−137305号公報に記載された可変動弁装置は、機関に連動して回転する駆動軸の外周に固定されたカムと、支軸の外周に設けられた吸・排気弁駆動用の揺動カムとを、制御軸の外周に偏心カムを介して回転可能に外嵌するロッカアームで連携させている。そして、制御軸を回転制御することにより、ロッカアームの揺動中心位置が変化し、吸・排気弁のリフト特性が変化するように構成されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、シリンダヘッドには、一般的に、吸・排気弁のバルブリフタとの摺動部等を潤滑する油だまり部が凹設されている。この油だまり部の内部を揺動カムが揺動,通過すると、揺動カムのカム面が油面と衝突する際に潤滑油が周囲に飛散したり、揺動カムの表面に付着した潤滑油が揺動時に振り落とされて、潤滑油が周囲に飛散してしまう。
【0005】
なお、上記公報の装置のように、所定範囲を揺動する揺動カムを用いた場合、360°回転するカムを用いた場合に比して、潤滑油の飛散,持ち出し量は相対的に低減する。しかしながら、高回転,高リフト状態では、油圧が上昇するとともに、揺動カムの揺動速度の上昇に伴って遠心力が大きくなるため、やはり潤滑油の飛散量,持ち出し量が多くなるという問題があり、現状ではバッフルプレートを設ける等により対処している。
【0006】
この発明は、このような従来の問題点に着目してなされたもので、揺動カムの揺動動作による潤滑油の飛散量,持ち出し量を簡単かつ効率的に低減し得る新規な内燃機関の可変動弁装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る内燃機関の可変動弁装置は、機関の回転に連動して回転する駆動軸と、この駆動軸の外周に相対回転可能に外嵌し、吸・排気弁を駆動する揺動カムと、上記駆動軸の外周に偏心して固定された偏心カムと、この偏心カムの外周に相対回転可能に外嵌するリング状リンクと、上記駆動軸と略平行に延びる制御軸と、この制御軸の外周に偏心して固定された制御カムと、この制御カムの外周に相対回転可能に外嵌し、一端で上記リング状リンクと連携されたロッカアームと、このロッカアームの他端と上記揺動カムとを連携するロッド状リンクと、を有し、上記制御軸を回転制御することにより、上記ロッカアームの揺動中心位置が変化して、吸・排気弁のリフト特性が変化するようになっている。
【0008】
このような本発明の可変動弁装置では、吸・排気弁を駆動する揺動カムが、機関と連動して回転する駆動軸の外周に相対回転可能に外嵌する構成となっているため、駆動軸に対する揺動カムの軸心ズレを生じる虞がなく、制御精度が向上する。また、揺動カムを支持する支軸を駆動軸と別個に設ける必要がないため、部品点数,配置スペースの低減化を図ることができる。更に、各部材の連結部が面接触となっているため、耐磨耗性に優れており、潤滑も行い易い。
【0009】
そして、請求項1の発明は、上記揺動カムの先端部とピンを介して回転可能に連結するロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部を、揺動カムの先端部が跳ね上げられたときの揺動カムの先端部の軌跡を該軌跡の外側から覆うようにして、揺動カムを軸方向両側から挟み込む二股状に形成したことを特徴としている。
【0010】
この請求項1の発明によれば、例えば揺動カムのカム面がシリンダヘッドに凹設された油だまり部の油面に衝突して潤滑油が飛散した場合に、この潤滑油が揺動カムの軸方向両側に位置するロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部に適宜に衝突し、それ以上の飛散が抑制される。
【0011】
また、揺動カムの表面に付着した潤滑油は、揺動による遠心力等により揺動カムの表面をつたって主に先端部より振り落とされるが、この潤滑油は、揺動カムの先端部の三方を囲うロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部に適宜に衝突する形となり、それ以上周囲へ飛び散ることが抑制される。
【0012】
請求項2の発明は、上記ロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部が、揺動カムの軸方向両側面にそれぞれ対向する一対の対向壁部と、両対向壁部の基部側を連結する基部底面と、を有する略コ字状に形成され、所定の運転状態で、上記基部底面が揺動カムの先端部に間隙を介して対向することを特徴としている。
【0013】
この請求項2の発明によれば、所定の運転状態で、揺動カムの先端部より振り落とされた潤滑油が、より確実に基部底面に衝突,干渉する形となり、潤滑油の飛散量,持ち出し量を効率的に低減することが可能となる。
【0014】
請求項3の発明は、シリンダヘッドに凹設された油だまり部の壁面が、上記揺動カムの先端部の軌跡に沿うように形成されていることを特徴としている。
【0015】
この請求項3の発明によれば、揺動カムの先端部より振り落とされた潤滑油が、より確実に上記基部底面又は油だまり部の壁面により捕捉され、油だまり部へ戻される。つまり、基部底面と油だまり部の壁面とが共働して、潤滑油の周囲への飛散をより確実に防止することができる。
【0016】
請求項4の発明は、上記基部底面の一端に段差部を設け、この段差部は、上記制御軸が高リフト位置に回転制御された状態で、かつ、揺動カムの先端部が最も跳ね上げられた時に、揺動カムの先端部の軌跡の接線方向と対向することを特徴としている。
【0017】
制御軸が高リフト位置に回転制御された状態、すなわちバルブリフト量や作動角が大きい状態では、油圧が高くなるとともに、揺動カムの揺動速度の上昇に伴って遠心力が大きくなるため、潤滑油の飛散量が増加する。特に、揺動カムの先端部が最も跳ね上げられた時には、揺動カムの先端部の軌跡の接線方向に沿って多くの潤滑油が飛散する。ここで請求項4の発明によれば、このように接線方向へ飛散する潤滑油が、段差部に適宜に衝突,干渉し、それ以上周囲に飛散することが防止される。
【0018】
上記揺動カムは、好ましくは請求項5の発明のように、先端部へ向かうに従って軸方向幅が徐々に狭くなっている。
【0019】
この場合、潤滑油が付着する揺動カムの先端部の表面積が相対的に低減するため、先端部より振り落とされる潤滑油の飛散量が適宜に低減される。加えて、揺動カムの慣性重量が低減するため、各部にかかる入力荷重が低減され、部品の信頼性が向上する。更に、吸・排気弁の不整運動の限界回転数が向上するため、更に高回転での使用が可能となる。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、ロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部を、揺動カムの先端部を軸方向両側から挟み込む二股状に形成したため、揺動カムが油だまり部の油面に衝突する際に飛び散る潤滑油や、揺動カムの表面から振り落とされる潤滑油が、ロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部に適宜に衝突,干渉する形となり、それ以上の周囲への飛散が抑制される。つまり、駆動軸と揺動カムとを機械的に連携するリンク機構の一部を構成するロッド状リンクを利用して、バッフルプレート等の別部材を必要としない簡素な構造で、揺動カムによる潤滑油の飛散量,持ち出し量を効果的に低減することができる。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明の第1実施例に係る内燃機関の可変動弁装置を示している。シリンダヘッド10の上部には、全気筒にわたって連続した駆動軸15が設けられている。この駆動軸15は、内部に潤滑油供給用の油路が形成された中空状をなし、図外の一端にスプロケットが取り付けられ、タイミングチェーン等を介して機関のクランクシャフトに連動して回転する。
【0022】
この駆動軸15の外周には、吸気弁(又は排気弁)11を駆動する揺動カム13の軸受部13aが相対回転可能に外嵌している。揺動カム13は、外周にカム面13cが形成された先端部(カムノーズ)13bを有する薄板状のカム本体を主体としている。なお、揺動カム13の軸受部13aは、上記のカム本体よりも軸方向寸法が長く、その外周がシリンダヘッド10上面と下部ブラケット14aにより回転可能に支持されている。また軸受部13aは、主にロッド状リンク24との干渉を回避するために、周方向の一部が切り欠かれた断面略C字状をなしている。
【0023】
また、駆動軸15の外周には偏心カム16が圧入等により固定されている。この偏心カム16の軸心X1は、駆動軸15の軸心X2に対して所定量偏心している。この偏心カム16の外周には、リング状リンク21の基部21aがベアリング等を介して相対回転可能に外嵌している。
【0024】
駆動軸15と略平行に延びる制御軸17は、内部に潤滑油供給用の軸方向油路が形成された中空状をなし、図外のアクチュエータ等により機関の運転状態に応じて所定の角度範囲で回転制御される。この制御軸17は、ボルト14cを介してシリンダヘッド10に固定される軸受部14としての一対の下部ブラケット14a,上部ブラケット14bにより回転可能に支持されている。
【0025】
制御軸17の外周には、リング状の制御カム18が圧入等により固定されている。制御カム18の軸心Y1は、制御軸17の軸心Y2に対して所定量偏心している。この制御カム18の外周には、軸方向視で略L字状をなすロッカアーム19の基部が相対回転可能に外嵌している。このロッカアーム19の一端部19aと、リング状リンク21の先端部21bとは、両者19a,21bを挿通する第1ピン20を介して相対回転可能に連結されている。
【0026】
また、ロッカアーム19の他端部19bと揺動カム13の先端部13bとは、ロッド状リンク24によって連携されている。より具体的には、ロッカアーム19の他端部19bと、ロッド状リンク24のロッカアーム側端部とは、両者を挿通する第2ピン22を介して相対回転可能に連結されている。また、ロッド状リンク24の揺動カム側端部と揺動カム13の先端部13bとは、両者を挿通する第3ピン23を介して相対回転可能に連結されている。
【0027】
このような構成により、機関の回転に連動して駆動軸15が回転すると、偏心カム16を介してリング状リンク21が並進移動し、これに応じてロッカアーム19が制御カム18の軸心周りに揺動し、かつ、ロッド状リンク24を介して揺動カム13が揺動する。このとき、揺動カム13のカム面13cが、吸気弁11の上端に設けられた伝達部材としてのバルブリフタ12の上面に摺接し、バルブリフタ12を図外のバルブスプリングの反力に抗して押圧することにより、吸気弁11が機関の回転に連動して開閉作動する。
【0028】
また、機関の運転状態に応じて制御軸17が回転制御されると、ロッカアーム19の揺動中心となる制御カム18の軸心Y1の位置が変化して、吸気弁11のリフト特性が連続的に変化する(図4参照)。より具体的には、制御カム18の軸心Y1と駆動軸15の軸心X2との距離を近づけるほど、バルブリフト量及び作動角が大きくなる。
【0029】
このように、吸気弁11を駆動する揺動カム13が、機関と連動して回転する駆動軸15の外周に相対回転可能に外嵌する構成としたため、揺動カム13の駆動軸15に対する軸心ズレを生じるおそれがなく、制御精度が向上する。また、揺動カム13を支持する支軸を駆動軸15と別個に設ける必要がないため、部品点数,配置スペースの低減化を図ることができる。更に、各部材の連結部が面接触となっているため、耐磨耗性に優れており、潤滑も行い易い。
【0030】
そして本実施例では、揺動カム13の先端部13bと第3ピン23を介して回転可能に連結するロッド状リンク24の揺動カム側端部を、揺動カム13を軸方向両側から挟み込む二股状に形成している。
【0031】
図2,3は、ロッド状リンク24を単体で示している。ロッド状リンク24は、軸方向視で略L字状をなしており、かつ、図2に示すように、二股状に分岐する揺動カム側端部の軸方向幅が相対的に厚肉化されている。この揺動カム側端部は、揺動カム13の軸方向両側面にそれぞれ対向する一対の対向壁部24aと、両対向壁部24aの基部側を連結する基部底面24bと、を有する略コ字状に形成されている。
【0032】
基部底面24bは、対向壁部24aに直交する平面状に形成され、かつ、所定の運転状態で揺動カム13の先端部13bと適宜な間隙を介して対向するように、揺動カム13の先端部13bの軌跡Oに沿う形で適宜に湾曲している。また、基部底面24bの一端には、この基部底面24bからほぼ垂直に立ち上がる段差部24cが形成されている。なお、各対向壁部24aには、第3ピン23が挿通するピン孔24fがそれぞれ形成されている。
【0033】
一方、シリンダヘッド10には、図5にも示すように、主にバルブリフタ12外周との摺接部や、揺動カム13のカム面13cとバルブリフタ12上面との摺接部を潤滑する目的で、シリンダヘッド10の上面からバルブリフタ12側へ滑らかに凹んだ油だまり部25が凹設されている。この油だまり部25は、ロッド状リンク24の揺動カム側端部の下方に延在しており、かつ、油だまり部25の内部に揺動カム13やロッド状リンク24の一部が配置,通過するように設定されている。
【0034】
そして、揺動カム13の先端部13bに対向する油だまり部25の壁面25aが、揺動カム13の先端部13bの軌跡Oに沿うように湾曲形成されている。
【0035】
図5〜7は、バルブリフト量及び作動角が大きくなる高リフト制御状態、すなわち制御軸17が高リフト位置に回転制御されて、制御カム18の軸心Ylと駆動軸15の軸心X2が相対的に近接した状態を示している。
【0036】
図5に示すリフト開始状態から揺動カム13が反時計方向に回転すると、図8に示すように、揺動カム13のカム面13cが油だまり部25内の潤滑油の油面に接触し、矢印26に示すように、潤滑油が飛散する油叩き現象が生じる。
【0037】
このような場合に、本実施例では、揺動カム13の両側に配置された所定の軸方向幅を有する対向壁部24aの外周面24dが、油面に近接する形となる。この結果、上記の飛散した潤滑油(矢印26)が、これらの外周面24dに衝突して速やかに油だまり部25へ戻されるようになり、それ以上周囲へ飛散することが防止される。
【0038】
この後、揺動カム13は、図6に示す最大リフト点に達した後、時計回りの方向へ逆回転する。この場合、図7の矢印27に示すように、揺動カム13の表面、つまりカム面13cやカム背面13dに付着した潤滑油が、遠心力等により揺動カム13の表面を伝って、主に先端部13bから振り落とされる。
【0039】
ここで本実施例では、図7に示すように揺動カム13の先端部13bがある程度跳ね上げられた状態で、ロッド状リンク24の基部底面24bが、油だまり部25の壁面25aに沿うように配置され、つまり、基部底面24bと油だまり部25の壁面25aとが、実質的に揺動カム13の外側を囲う一つの湾曲面をなすように設定されている。
【0040】
更に言えば、高リフト制御状態において、ロッド状リンク24の基部底面24b又は油だまり部25の壁面25aの少なくとも一方が、揺動カム13の先端部13bと常に対向するように設定されている。
【0041】
この結果、揺動カム13の先端部13bから飛散する潤滑油(矢印27)が、より確実に基部底面24b又は油だまり部25の壁面25aに捕捉されて、速やかに油だまり部25へ戻される。
【0042】
さらに、図9に示すように、揺動カム13の先端部13bが最も跳ね上げられた状態、つまり反時計方向への逆回転を開始する状態では、揺動カム13の慣性力が最も大きくなるため、矢印29に示すように、比較的多量の潤滑油が揺動カム13の先端部13bの軌跡Oの接線方向に沿って飛散する。
【0043】
そこで、図9に示すような制御軸17が高リフト位置に回転制御された状態で、かつ、揺動カム13が最も跳ね上げられた時に、上記の段差部24cが、揺動カム13の先端部13bの軌跡Oの接線方向と対向するように設定している。これにより、接線方向へ飛散する潤滑油が、段差部24cに衝突して適宜に油だまり部25へ戻されるようになり、周囲へ飛散するおそれはない。
【0044】
以上のように、高回転,高リフトの運転状態では、油圧が高く、また、揺動カム13の回転速度に応じて大きな遠心力が作用するため、潤滑油の飛散量,持ち出し量が多くなるが、本実施例によれば、リンク機構の一部を構成するロッド状リンク24の揺動カム側端部や、油だまり部25の壁面25aを有効に利用して、バッフルプレート等を別途設けることなく、潤滑油の飛散量,持ち出し量を大幅に低減することができる。
【0045】
図10は、バルブリフト量及び作動角が小さい低リフト制御状態、すなわち制御軸17が低リフト位置に回転制御されて、制御カム18の軸心Ylと駆動軸15の軸心X2が相対的に離れた状態を示し、かつ、揺動カム13の先端部13bが最も跳ね上げられたときの態様を示している。
【0046】
このような低リフト制御状態では、揺動カム13の跳ね上げ量が増加するため、揺動カム13が最も跳ね上げられた場合に、揺動カムの先端部13bがロッド状リンク24の基部底面24bから外れてしまう。しかしながら、このような低リフト制御状態は、アイドル領域や部分負荷領域等に使用が限定され、かつ、作用する油圧や遠心力も小さいため、潤滑油の飛散量,持ち出し量が非常に少ない。従って、上述したように高リフト制御状態に応じてロッド状リンク24の基部底面24bや段差部24cを設定しても実用上問題はない。
【0047】
図11〜13は、本発明の第2実施例に係る可変動弁装置の揺動カム30を示している。なお、その他の構成は上記第1実施例と同様であり、重複する説明を省略する。
【0048】
この揺動カム30は、先端部30bへ向かうに従って軸方向幅30cが狭くなる先細り形状に形成されている。なお、第3ピン23が挿通する部分には、一定の軸方向幅を有する円筒部30gが設けられている。なお、符号30aはバルブリフタ12の上面に摺接するカム面である。
【0049】
このような第2実施例によれば、上記の第1実施例と同様の効果が得られることに加え、揺動カム30の表面、つまりカム面30aやカム背面30dに付着し、遠心力等により主に先端部30bから飛散又は振り落とされる潤滑油量の低減化を図ることができ、ひいては潤滑油の周囲への飛散量を低減することができる。
【0050】
また、揺動カム30の慣性重量が低減されるため、各部にかかる入力荷重が低減され、部品の信頼性が向上する。更に、吸気弁11の不整運動の限界回転数が向上するため、さらに高回転での使用が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施例に係る内燃機関の可変動弁装置を示す断面図。
【図2】上記可変動弁装置のロッド状リンクを単体で示す正面図。
【図3】図2のA−A線に沿う断面図。
【図4】上記可変動弁装置のリフト特性を示す特性図。
【図5】高リフト制御状態で、リフト開始時の態様を示す断面図。
【図6】高リフト制御状態で、最大リフト時の態様を示す断面図。
【図7】高リフト制御状態で、揺動カムが跳ね上げられている時の態様を示す断面図。
【図8】図5の矢視B対応図。
【図9】高リフト制御状態で、揺動カムが最も跳ね上げられた時の態様を示す要部断面図。
【図10】低リフト制御状態で、揺動カムが最も跳ね上げられた時の態様を示す断面図。
【図11】本発明の第2実施例に係る揺動カムを示す正面図。
【図12】第2実施例の揺動カムを示す上面図。
【図13】第2実施例の揺動カムを示す側面図。
【符号の説明】
10…シリンダヘッド
11…吸気弁
13…揺動カム
15…駆動軸
16…偏心カム
17…制御軸
18…制御カム
19…ロッカアーム
21…リング状リンク
23…第3ピン
24…ロッド状リンク
24a…対向壁部
24b…基部底面
24c…段差部
25…油だまり部
25a…壁面
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a variable valve gear that can change the opening / closing timing (operation angle) and valve lift amount of an intake valve and an exhaust valve (intake / exhaust valve) according to the operating state of an internal combustion engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, the intake / exhaust valve opening / closing timing is used to improve fuel efficiency at low engine speed and low load, to ensure stable operation, and to ensure sufficient output by improving the charging efficiency of intake air at high speed and high load. Various variable valve gears that can change the valve lift according to the engine operating state have been proposed.
[0003]
As an example, a variable valve operating device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-137305 includes a cam fixed to the outer periphery of a drive shaft that rotates in conjunction with an engine, and an intake / exhaust provided on the outer periphery of a support shaft. The rocking cam for driving the valve is linked with a rocker arm that is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the control shaft via the eccentric cam. By controlling the rotation of the control shaft, the rocker arm swing center position is changed, and the lift characteristics of the intake / exhaust valves are changed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the cylinder head is generally provided with an oil sump portion that lubricates a sliding portion of the intake / exhaust valve with the valve lifter. When the rocking cam rocks and passes through the oil pool, the lubricating oil is scattered around the surface of the rocking cam when the cam surface of the rocking cam collides with the oil surface, or the lubricating oil adhered to the surface of the rocking cam. Is shaken off when swinging, and the lubricating oil is scattered around.
[0005]
In addition, when using a swing cam that swings within a predetermined range, as in the device of the above publication, the amount of lubricant scattered and taken out is relatively less than when a cam that rotates 360 ° is used. To do. However, in the high rotation and high lift states, the hydraulic pressure increases, and the centrifugal force increases as the swing speed of the swing cam increases. Yes, at present, this is dealt with by providing baffle plates.
[0006]
The present invention has been made paying attention to such a conventional problem, and is a novel internal combustion engine that can easily and efficiently reduce the amount of lubricant scattered and taken out by the swinging motion of the swing cam. An object of the present invention is to provide a variable valve gear.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A variable valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a drive shaft that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the engine, and a swing cam that is fitted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft so as to be relatively rotatable and drives intake and exhaust valves. An eccentric cam that is eccentrically fixed to the outer periphery of the drive shaft, a ring-shaped link that is fitted on the outer periphery of the eccentric cam so as to be relatively rotatable, a control shaft that extends substantially parallel to the drive shaft, and the control shaft A control cam that is eccentrically fixed to the outer periphery of the control cam, a rocker arm that is fitted on the outer periphery of the control cam so as to be relatively rotatable, and is linked to the ring-shaped link at one end, the other end of the rocker arm, and the swing cam , And the rotation center position of the rocker arm is changed to change the lift characteristics of the intake and exhaust valves.
[0008]
In such a variable valve operating apparatus of the present invention, the swing cam for driving the intake / exhaust valve is configured to be fitted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft that rotates in conjunction with the engine so as to be relatively rotatable. There is no possibility of causing the shaft misalignment of the swing cam with respect to the drive shaft, and the control accuracy is improved. Further, since it is not necessary to provide a support shaft for supporting the swing cam separately from the drive shaft, the number of parts and the arrangement space can be reduced. Furthermore, since the connection part of each member is a surface contact, it is excellent in abrasion resistance and is easy to lubricate.
[0009]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the tip of the swing cam is flipped up the swing cam side end of the rod-shaped link that is rotatably connected to the tip of the swing cam via a pin. The trajectory of the tip of the swing cam is covered from the outside of the trajectory, and the swing cam is formed in a bifurcated shape so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the axial direction.
[0010]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, when the cam surface of the swing cam collides with the oil surface of the oil sump portion recessed in the cylinder head and the lubricant is scattered, The rod-shaped link located on both sides of the rod-shaped link appropriately collides with the swing cam side end portions, and further scattering is suppressed.
[0011]
In addition, the lubricating oil adhering to the surface of the rocking cam is sprinkled off the tip of the rocking cam mainly through the surface of the rocking cam due to centrifugal force caused by rocking. Thus, the rod-shaped link that surrounds the three sides is appropriately collided with the end portion on the swing cam side, and further scattering to the periphery is suppressed.
[0012]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the rocking cam side end portion of the rod-shaped link connects a pair of opposed wall portions respectively opposed to both side surfaces in the axial direction of the rocking cam, and a base portion that connects the base side of both opposed wall portions. The base bottom surface is opposed to the tip end portion of the swing cam through a gap in a predetermined operation state.
[0013]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in a predetermined operation state, the lubricating oil that has been shaken off from the tip of the swing cam more reliably collides with and interferes with the bottom surface of the base portion, It is possible to efficiently reduce the amount taken out.
[0014]
The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that the wall surface of the oil sump portion recessed in the cylinder head is formed along the locus of the tip end portion of the swing cam.
[0015]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the lubricating oil shaken off from the tip end portion of the swing cam is more reliably captured by the base bottom surface or the wall surface of the oil sump portion and returned to the oil sump portion. That is, the base bottom surface and the wall surface of the oil sump portion cooperate to prevent the lubricating oil from scattering around the oil oil more reliably.
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a step portion is provided at one end of the bottom surface of the base portion, and the step portion is in a state in which the control shaft is rotationally controlled to a high lift position and the tip end portion of the swing cam is flipped up most. When it is, it is characterized by facing the tangential direction of the locus of the tip of the swing cam.
[0017]
In a state where the control shaft is rotationally controlled to a high lift position, that is, in a state where the valve lift amount and the operating angle are large, the hydraulic pressure increases and the centrifugal force increases as the swing speed of the swing cam increases. Increases the amount of lubricant splashed. In particular, when the tip end portion of the swing cam is flipped up most, much lubricating oil is scattered along the tangential direction of the locus of the tip end portion of the swing cam. According to the invention of claim 4, the lubricant that scatters in the tangential direction as described above is prevented from appropriately colliding with and interfering with the stepped portion, and further scattering around the periphery.
[0018]
Preferably, the swing cam has a gradually narrowing axial width toward the tip as in the invention of claim 5.
[0019]
In this case, since the surface area of the tip portion of the swing cam to which the lubricant oil adheres is relatively reduced, the amount of the lubricant oil scattered from the tip portion is appropriately reduced. In addition, since the inertia weight of the swing cam is reduced, the input load applied to each part is reduced, and the reliability of the parts is improved. Furthermore, since the limit rotational speed of the irregular movement of the intake / exhaust valve is improved, it can be used at a higher rotational speed.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the rocking cam side end of the rod-shaped link is formed in a bifurcated shape that sandwiches the tip of the rocking cam from both sides in the axial direction. Lubricating oil that splatters when it collides with the surface or lubricating oil that is shaken off from the surface of the rocking cam will appropriately collide with and interfere with the rocking cam side end of the rod-shaped link. Scattering is suppressed. In other words, by using a rod-like link that forms part of a link mechanism that mechanically links the drive shaft and the swing cam, a simple structure that does not require a separate member such as a baffle plate is used. The amount of lubricant splashed and taken out can be effectively reduced.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a variable valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A drive shaft 15 that is continuous over all the cylinders is provided on the upper portion of the cylinder head 10. The drive shaft 15 has a hollow shape in which an oil passage for supplying lubricating oil is formed. A sprocket is attached to one end (not shown) and rotates in conjunction with a crankshaft of the engine via a timing chain or the like. .
[0022]
A bearing portion 13a of a swing cam 13 that drives an intake valve (or exhaust valve) 11 is fitted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 15 so as to be relatively rotatable. The swing cam 13 is mainly composed of a thin plate-shaped cam body having a tip (cam nose) 13b having a cam surface 13c formed on the outer periphery. The bearing portion 13a of the swing cam 13 has an axial dimension longer than that of the cam body, and its outer periphery is rotatably supported by the upper surface of the cylinder head 10 and the lower bracket 14a. Further, the bearing portion 13a has a substantially C-shaped cross-section in which a part in the circumferential direction is cut away in order to mainly avoid interference with the rod-shaped link 24.
[0023]
An eccentric cam 16 is fixed to the outer periphery of the drive shaft 15 by press fitting or the like. The axis X1 of the eccentric cam 16 is eccentric by a predetermined amount with respect to the axis X2 of the drive shaft 15. A base portion 21a of a ring-shaped link 21 is fitted on the outer periphery of the eccentric cam 16 so as to be relatively rotatable via a bearing or the like.
[0024]
The control shaft 17 extending substantially parallel to the drive shaft 15 has a hollow shape in which an axial oil passage for supplying lubricating oil is formed, and has a predetermined angle range according to the operating state of the engine by an actuator or the like not shown. Rotation is controlled by. The control shaft 17 is rotatably supported by a pair of a lower bracket 14a and an upper bracket 14b as a bearing portion 14 fixed to the cylinder head 10 via bolts 14c.
[0025]
A ring-shaped control cam 18 is fixed to the outer periphery of the control shaft 17 by press fitting or the like. The axis Y1 of the control cam 18 is eccentric by a predetermined amount with respect to the axis Y2 of the control shaft 17. A base portion of a rocker arm 19 that is substantially L-shaped when viewed in the axial direction is fitted on the outer periphery of the control cam 18 so as to be relatively rotatable. One end portion 19a of the rocker arm 19 and the tip end portion 21b of the ring-shaped link 21 are connected to each other via a first pin 20 that is inserted through both the portions 19a and 21b so as to be relatively rotatable.
[0026]
The other end 19 b of the rocker arm 19 and the tip 13 b of the swing cam 13 are linked by a rod-shaped link 24. More specifically, the other end portion 19b of the rocker arm 19 and the end portion on the rocker arm side of the rod-shaped link 24 are connected to each other via a second pin 22 through which both are inserted. Moreover, the rocking cam side end part of the rod-shaped link 24 and the front-end | tip part 13b of the rocking cam 13 are connected so that relative rotation is possible via the 3rd pin 23 which penetrates both.
[0027]
With such a configuration, when the drive shaft 15 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the engine, the ring-shaped link 21 translates via the eccentric cam 16, and the rocker arm 19 moves around the axis of the control cam 18 accordingly. The swing cam 13 swings through the rod-shaped link 24. At this time, the cam surface 13c of the swing cam 13 is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the valve lifter 12 as a transmission member provided at the upper end of the intake valve 11, and the valve lifter 12 is pressed against the reaction force of a valve spring (not shown). As a result, the intake valve 11 opens and closes in conjunction with the rotation of the engine.
[0028]
When the rotation of the control shaft 17 is controlled according to the operating state of the engine, the position of the shaft center Y1 of the control cam 18 serving as the rocking center of the rocker arm 19 changes, and the lift characteristics of the intake valve 11 are continuously increased. (See FIG. 4). More specifically, the closer the distance between the axis Y1 of the control cam 18 and the axis X2 of the drive shaft 15, the greater the valve lift and the operating angle.
[0029]
Since the swing cam 13 that drives the intake valve 11 is externally fitted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 15 that rotates in conjunction with the engine so as to be relatively rotatable, the shaft of the swing cam 13 with respect to the drive shaft 15 is configured. There is no risk of misalignment, and control accuracy is improved. Further, since it is not necessary to provide a support shaft for supporting the swing cam 13 separately from the drive shaft 15, the number of parts and the arrangement space can be reduced. Furthermore, since the connection part of each member is a surface contact, it is excellent in abrasion resistance and is easy to lubricate.
[0030]
In this embodiment, the rocking cam 13 is sandwiched from both ends of the rocking cam 13 in the axial direction of the rocking cam side end of the rod-like link 24 that is rotatably connected to the tip 13b of the rocking cam 13 via the third pin 23. It is bifurcated.
[0031]
2 and 3 show the rod-shaped link 24 alone. The rod-shaped link 24 is substantially L-shaped when viewed in the axial direction, and as shown in FIG. 2, the axial width of the end portion on the side of the swing cam that bifurcates is relatively thick. Has been. The rocking cam side end has a pair of opposed wall portions 24a opposed to both side surfaces in the axial direction of the rocking cam 13, and a base bottom surface 24b connecting the base sides of the opposed wall portions 24a. It is formed in a letter shape.
[0032]
The base bottom surface 24b is formed in a planar shape orthogonal to the opposing wall portion 24a, and the rocking cam 13 is opposed to the tip portion 13b of the rocking cam 13 through an appropriate gap in a predetermined operation state. It is appropriately curved along the locus O of the distal end portion 13b. In addition, a step 24c that rises substantially perpendicularly from the base bottom surface 24b is formed at one end of the base bottom surface 24b. Each opposing wall portion 24a has a pin hole 24f through which the third pin 23 is inserted.
[0033]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the cylinder head 10 mainly lubricates the sliding contact portion with the outer periphery of the valve lifter 12 and the sliding contact portion between the cam surface 13 c of the swing cam 13 and the upper surface of the valve lifter 12. An oil sump portion 25 that is smoothly recessed from the upper surface of the cylinder head 10 toward the valve lifter 12 is provided. The oil sump portion 25 extends below the end portion of the rod-shaped link 24 on the swing cam side, and the swing cam 13 and a part of the rod-shaped link 24 are disposed inside the oil sump portion 25. , Is set to pass.
[0034]
The wall surface 25 a of the oil sump 25 facing the tip 13 b of the swing cam 13 is curved so as to follow the locus O of the tip 13 b of the swing cam 13.
[0035]
5 to 7 show a high lift control state in which the valve lift amount and the operating angle become large, that is, the control shaft 17 is rotationally controlled to the high lift position, and the shaft center Yl of the control cam 18 and the shaft center X2 of the drive shaft 15 are A relatively close state is shown.
[0036]
When the swing cam 13 rotates counterclockwise from the lift start state shown in FIG. 5, the cam surface 13 c of the swing cam 13 comes into contact with the oil surface of the lubricating oil in the oil sump 25 as shown in FIG. 8. As shown by the arrow 26, an oil hitting phenomenon in which the lubricating oil scatters occurs.
[0037]
In such a case, in this embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 24d of the opposing wall portion 24a having a predetermined axial width disposed on both sides of the swing cam 13 is in the form of being close to the oil surface. As a result, the scattered lubricating oil (arrow 26) collides with these outer peripheral surfaces 24d and quickly returns to the oil sump 25, and is prevented from further scattering to the surroundings.
[0038]
Thereafter, the rocking cam 13 rotates backward in the clockwise direction after reaching the maximum lift point shown in FIG. In this case, as indicated by an arrow 27 in FIG. 7, the lubricating oil adhering to the surface of the swing cam 13, that is, the cam surface 13c and the cam back surface 13d, travels along the surface of the swing cam 13 by centrifugal force or the like. It is shaken off from the tip part 13b.
[0039]
Here, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the base bottom surface 24 b of the rod-shaped link 24 extends along the wall surface 25 a of the oil sump portion 25 in a state in which the tip end portion 13 b of the swing cam 13 is flipped up to some extent. In other words, the base bottom surface 24 b and the wall surface 25 a of the oil sump portion 25 are set so as to form one curved surface that substantially surrounds the outside of the swing cam 13.
[0040]
Furthermore, in the high lift control state, at least one of the base bottom surface 24b of the rod-shaped link 24 or the wall surface 25a of the oil sump portion 25 is set so as to always face the tip portion 13b of the swing cam 13.
[0041]
As a result, the lubricating oil (arrow 27) that scatters from the distal end portion 13b of the swing cam 13 is more reliably captured by the base bottom surface 24b or the wall surface 25a of the oil sump portion 25 and quickly returned to the oil sump portion 25. .
[0042]
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the inertial force of the swing cam 13 becomes the largest in the state where the tip end portion 13 b of the swing cam 13 is flipped up most, that is, in the state where the counterclockwise rotation is started. Therefore, as indicated by an arrow 29, a relatively large amount of lubricating oil is scattered along the tangential direction of the locus O of the tip portion 13b of the swing cam 13.
[0043]
Therefore, when the control shaft 17 is rotationally controlled to the high lift position as shown in FIG. 9 and the swing cam 13 is flipped up most, the step 24c is formed at the tip of the swing cam 13. It is set so as to face the tangential direction of the locus O of the portion 13b. Thereby, the lubricating oil scattered in the tangential direction collides with the stepped portion 24c and is appropriately returned to the oil sump portion 25, and there is no possibility of scattering to the surroundings.
[0044]
As described above, in a high rotation and high lift operation state, the hydraulic pressure is high, and a large centrifugal force acts according to the rotation speed of the rocking cam 13, so that the amount of lubricant scattered and taken out increases. However, according to the present embodiment, a baffle plate or the like is separately provided by effectively utilizing the swing cam side end portion of the rod-shaped link 24 constituting a part of the link mechanism and the wall surface 25a of the oil sump portion 25. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the amount of lubricant scattered and taken out.
[0045]
FIG. 10 shows a low lift control state in which the valve lift amount and the operating angle are small, that is, the control shaft 17 is rotationally controlled to the low lift position, and the shaft center Yl of the control cam 18 and the shaft center X2 of the drive shaft 15 are relative to each other. A state in which the tip end portion 13b of the swing cam 13 is flipped up most is shown.
[0046]
In such a low lift control state, the amount by which the swing cam 13 is flipped up increases, so that the tip 13b of the swing cam is the bottom surface of the base portion of the rod-shaped link 24 when the swing cam 13 is lifted up most. It will come off from 24b. However, such a low lift control state is limited to use in an idle region, a partial load region, and the like, and the hydraulic pressure and centrifugal force that act are small, so that the amount of lubricant scattered and taken out is very small. Therefore, there is no practical problem even if the base bottom surface 24b and the stepped portion 24c of the rod-shaped link 24 are set according to the high lift control state as described above.
[0047]
11 to 13 show a swing cam 30 of a variable valve operating apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The rest of the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a duplicate description is omitted.
[0048]
The swing cam 30 is formed in a tapered shape in which the axial width 30c becomes narrower toward the tip portion 30b. A cylindrical portion 30g having a certain axial width is provided at a portion where the third pin 23 is inserted. Reference numeral 30 a denotes a cam surface that is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the valve lifter 12.
[0049]
According to the second embodiment, in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment, the surface adheres to the surface of the swing cam 30, that is, the cam surface 30a and the cam back surface 30d, and the centrifugal force or the like. Thus, it is possible to reduce the amount of the lubricating oil mainly scattered or shaken off from the tip end portion 30b, and consequently to reduce the amount of the lubricating oil scattered around.
[0050]
Further, since the inertia weight of the swing cam 30 is reduced, the input load applied to each part is reduced, and the reliability of the parts is improved. Furthermore, since the limit rotational speed of the irregular motion of the intake valve 11 is improved, the intake valve 11 can be used at a higher rotational speed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a variable valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a single rod-like link of the variable valve operating device.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing lift characteristics of the variable valve operating apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode at the start of lift in a high lift control state.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect during maximum lift in a high lift control state.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect when the swing cam is flipped up in the high lift control state.
FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to arrow B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state when the swing cam is most flipped up in the high lift control state.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect when the swing cam is flipped up most in the low lift control state.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing a rocking cam according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a top view showing a swing cam according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a side view showing a swing cam according to a second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Cylinder head 11 ... Intake valve 13 ... Swing cam 15 ... Drive shaft 16 ... Eccentric cam 17 ... Control shaft 18 ... Control cam 19 ... Rocker arm 21 ... Ring-shaped link 23 ... Third pin 24 ... Rod-shaped link 24a ... Opposite Wall portion 24b ... Base bottom surface 24c ... Step portion 25 ... Oil sump portion 25a ... Wall surface

Claims (6)

機関の回転に連動して回転する駆動軸と、この駆動軸の外周に相対回転可能に外嵌し、吸・排気弁を駆動する揺動カムと、上記駆動軸の外周に偏心して固定された偏心カムと、この偏心カムの外周に相対回転可能に外嵌するリング状リンクと、上記駆動軸と略平行に延びる制御軸と、この制御軸の外周に偏心して固定された制御カムと、この制御カムの外周に相対回転可能に外嵌し、一端で上記リング状リンクと連携されたロッカアームと、このロッカアームの他端と上記揺動カムとを連携するロッド状リンクと、を有し、上記制御軸を回転制御することにより、上記ロッカアームの揺動中心位置が変化して、吸・排気弁のリフト特性が変化する内燃機関の可変動弁装置であって、
上記揺動カムの先端部とピンを介して回転可能に連結するロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部を、揺動カムの先端部が跳ね上げられたときの揺動カムの先端部の軌跡を該軌跡の外側から覆うようにして、揺動カムを軸方向両側から挟み込む二股状に形成したことを特徴とする内燃機関の可変動弁装置。
A drive shaft that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the engine, a swinging cam that is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the drive shaft, and drives the intake / exhaust valves, and is eccentrically fixed to the outer periphery of the drive shaft. An eccentric cam, a ring-shaped link fitted on the outer periphery of the eccentric cam so as to be relatively rotatable, a control shaft extending substantially parallel to the drive shaft, a control cam eccentrically fixed to the outer periphery of the control shaft, A rocker arm that is fitted on the outer periphery of the control cam so as to be relatively rotatable and linked to the ring-shaped link at one end; and a rod-shaped link that links the other end of the rocker arm and the swing cam; A variable valve operating device for an internal combustion engine in which the rocking center position of the rocker arm is changed by rotating the control shaft, and the lift characteristics of the intake and exhaust valves are changed.
The trajectory of the tip of the swing cam when the tip of the swing cam is flipped up on the end of the swing cam on the end of the swing cam connected to the tip of the swing cam via a pin. Is formed in a bifurcated shape to sandwich the swing cam from both sides in the axial direction so as to cover the outer side of the locus .
上記ロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部が、揺動カムの軸方向両側面にそれぞれ対向する一対の対向壁部と、両対向壁部の基部側を連結する基部底面と、を有する略コ字状に形成され、
所定の運転状態で、上記基部底面が揺動カムの先端部に間隙を介して対向することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の可変動弁装置。
The rocking cam side end of the rod-shaped link has a pair of opposed wall portions that respectively oppose both side surfaces of the rocking cam in the axial direction, and a base bottom surface that connects the base sides of the opposed wall portions. Formed in a letter shape,
2. The variable valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the base portion faces the tip end portion of the swing cam through a gap in a predetermined operation state.
シリンダヘッドに凹設された油だまり部の壁面が、上記揺動カムの先端部の軌跡に沿うように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の内燃機関の可変動弁装置。  3. The variable valve for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a wall surface of an oil sump portion recessed in the cylinder head is formed so as to follow a locus of a tip portion of the swing cam. apparatus. 上記基部底面の一端に段差部を設け、この段差部は、上記制御軸が高リフト位置に回転制御された状態で、かつ、揺動カムの先端部が最も跳ね上げられた時に、揺動カムの先端部の軌跡の接線方向と対向することを特徴とする請求項に記載の内燃機関の可変動弁装置。A step portion is provided at one end of the bottom surface of the base portion, and the step portion has a swing cam when the control shaft is rotationally controlled to a high lift position and the tip end portion of the swing cam is flipped up most. The variable valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2 , which is opposed to a tangential direction of the locus of the tip of the internal combustion engine. 上記揺動カムは、先端部へ向かうに従って軸方向幅が徐々に狭くなることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の内燃機関の可変動弁装置。  The variable valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the swing cam gradually narrows in the axial direction toward the tip. 上記ロッド状リンクの揺動カム側端部が、揺動カムの軸方向両側面にそれぞれ対向する一対の対向壁部と、両対向壁部の基部側を連結する基部底面と、を有する略コ字状に形成され、The rocking cam side end of the rod-shaped link has a pair of opposing wall portions facing the both axial sides of the rocking cam, and a base bottom surface connecting the base sides of the opposing wall portions. Formed in a letter shape,
少なくとも高リフト制御状態で、シリンダヘッドに凹設された油だまり部の壁面と上記基部底面の少なくとも一方が揺動カムの先端部と対向するように設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の内燃機関の可変動弁装置。The at least one of the wall surface of the oil sump portion recessed in the cylinder head and the bottom surface of the base portion is set so as to face the front end portion of the swing cam at least in a high lift control state. The variable valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to any one of?
JP17487399A 1999-06-22 1999-06-22 Variable valve operating device for internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related JP4141055B2 (en)

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