JP4073927B2 - Model for injection practice - Google Patents

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JP4073927B2
JP4073927B2 JP2005138174A JP2005138174A JP4073927B2 JP 4073927 B2 JP4073927 B2 JP 4073927B2 JP 2005138174 A JP2005138174 A JP 2005138174A JP 2005138174 A JP2005138174 A JP 2005138174A JP 4073927 B2 JP4073927 B2 JP 4073927B2
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blood vessel
liquid
simulated
simulated blood
injection
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JP2006317570A (en
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隆彦 西田
浩之 山内
延高 池田
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Kyoto Kagaku Co Ltd
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本発明は、模擬血管とその外側に模擬人体組織層を配置した注射練習用模型に関するもので、動脈や静脈へ穿刺する際の手技を練習する場合に使用される。   The present invention relates to an injection practice model in which a simulated blood vessel and a simulated human body tissue layer are arranged outside thereof, and is used when practicing a technique for puncturing an artery or vein.

この種の模型としては、特許文献1において開示されたものが知られている。
この模型においては、血管を模擬した細管状部材を埋設した軟質の肉厚部材上に軟質の薄皮部材を設ける構成を採用していて、これを取り付け部によって人体の所要部位に取り付けて注射や採血の手技を練習するようにしている。
As this type of model, one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.
This model employs a structure in which a soft thin-skin member is provided on a soft thick member in which a thin tubular member simulating a blood vessel is embedded, and this is attached to a required part of the human body by an attachment portion to perform injection or blood sampling. I try to practice the technique.

この模型では、人体の皮下組織もしくは筋肉組織に見立てた肉厚部材内に模擬血管を単に埋設したものを人体や人体模型に装着できるようにしたものであるから、採血や静脈注射時に必要な「内圧の掛かった弾力のある血管」を再現することはできない。そのため、ゴムや合成樹脂からなるチューブの位置を探ることだけに終始した練習となる不都合がある。
また、この練習用模型では、模擬血液としての液体を圧力を付与して模擬血管内に送り込むことができないし、その液体に脈流を生じさせることもできないから、動脈からの穿刺や採血の手技は全く練習することができない。
In this model, a simulated blood vessel simply embedded in a thick member that looks like the subcutaneous tissue or muscle tissue of the human body can be attached to the human body or human body model. "Resilient blood vessels with internal pressure" cannot be reproduced. Therefore, there is an inconvenience that becomes a practice from the beginning only by searching the position of the tube made of rubber or synthetic resin.
In addition, in this practice model, liquid as simulated blood cannot be applied to the simulated blood vessel by applying pressure, and pulsation cannot be generated in the liquid. Can not practice at all.

同じチューブに何度も注射の練習を行うと、チューブ自体に孔が開いてしまうことになる。穿刺をくり返すことによってチューブ内の液体が漏れて練習模型が濡れてしまう結果を招くし、新たに液体をチューブ内に注射しても直ちに液体が外側へ噴出してしまう不都合もある。
実開平5-27776 号公報
If you practice practicing injections many times in the same tube, the tube itself will be perforated. Repeating the puncture causes the result that the liquid in the tube leaks and the practice model gets wet, and even if a new liquid is injected into the tube, the liquid is immediately ejected to the outside.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-27776

本発明は、模擬血管とその外側に模擬人体組織層を配置した注射練習用模型において、模擬血管に液体を循環させながらこれに内圧を与えるようにすることを課題としたものである。   An object of the present invention is to apply an internal pressure to a simulated blood vessel in which a simulated blood vessel and a simulated human body tissue layer are disposed outside the simulated blood vessel while circulating liquid through the simulated blood vessel.

この技術的課題を解決するための技術的手段は、(イ)頂部に凹溝を刻設した支持台、(ロ)凹溝に装入し先端部を液体貯留部に臨ませた模擬血管、(ハ)液体貯留部から模擬血管に液体を供給するポンプ、(ニ)模擬血管の外側から支持台に着装する模擬人体組織カバー、(ホ)支持台の下部に設けた漏液回収部、(ヘ)漏液回収部と液体貯留部との間に設けた導水路とで構成したことである。 Technical means for solving this technical problem are: (a) a support base with a concave groove formed on the top, (b) a simulated blood vessel inserted into the concave groove and facing the liquid reservoir. (c) pump for supplying liquid to the simulated blood vessel from the liquid reservoir, (d) simulating human tissue cover worn to the support from the outside of the simulated blood vessel, leakage recovery section provided in the lower portion of the support (e), ( F) It is constituted by a water conduit provided between the leakage recovery part and the liquid storage part .

この技術的手段においては、模擬血管は支持台の頂部に刻設した凹溝に装入した状態で支持されている。模擬血管には液体貯留部からポンプによって血液に相当する液体が圧力を付与されて供給されるが、その先端部は液体貯留部に臨ませられているから液体は循環することになる。   In this technical means, the simulated blood vessel is supported in a state of being inserted into a concave groove formed on the top of the support base. A liquid corresponding to blood is supplied to the simulated blood vessel from the liquid reservoir by applying a pressure to the simulated blood vessel. However, the liquid circulates because the distal end of the simulated blood vessel faces the liquid reservoir.

模擬血管を支持している支持台には、外側から模擬人体組織カバーが着装させられているから、圧力が付与された液体が供給されている模擬血管をカバーの外側から探り、穿刺する位置を確認することができる。
模擬血管に刺した注射針を抜くと、模擬血管に孔が開いて液体が噴出するものの、漏液はその外側に着装された模擬人体組織カバーによって遮られ、支持台とカバーの間を通って支持台の下部に設けられている漏液回収部へ流下させて回収することができる。
漏液回収部と液体貯留部との間には導水路が設けられているから、漏液回収部に到達した液体は自動的に液体貯留部へ戻され、液体の補充を頻繁に行う必要がなくなる利点がある
Since the simulated human tissue cover is attached to the support base that supports the simulated blood vessel from the outside, the simulated blood vessel to which the liquid to which pressure is applied is supplied is searched from the outside of the cover, and the puncture position is determined. Can be confirmed.
When the injection needle inserted into the simulated blood vessel is removed, a hole is opened in the simulated blood vessel and the liquid spouts out, but the leakage is blocked by the simulated human tissue cover worn on the outside and passes between the support base and the cover. It can be recovered by flowing down to a leakage recovery part provided at the lower part of the support base.
Since a water conduit is provided between the leak recovery unit and the liquid storage unit, the liquid that has reached the leak recovery unit is automatically returned to the liquid storage unit, and it is necessary to replenish the liquid frequently. There is an advantage to disappear .

支持台の外側に着装されている模擬人体組織カバーを取り外すと、支持台及び模擬血管が露出させられるから、模擬血管の取り替えや支持台、漏液回収部及び模擬人体組織カバーの清掃を容易に行える。 Removing the simulated human tissue cover attached to the outside of the support base exposes the support base and the simulated blood vessel, so it is easy to replace the simulated blood vessel and to clean the support base, the leakage recovery unit, and the simulated human tissue cover. Yes.

ポンプによって模擬血管に液体を単純に供給すると静脈注射や静脈採血の練習となり、ポンプによって液体を脈動させて供給すると動脈採血の練習が行える。ポンプの液体供給方式を選択することによって、静脈、動脈の双方について穿刺の練習をすることができる。液体を脈動させられるポンプとしては、ダイヤフラム式ポンプ、ピストン式ポンプ、プランジャ式ポンプなどを好適に使用することができる。
模擬血管に圧力調整バルブを取り付けておくと、人体の注射部位に対応して模擬血管内の圧力を自在に調整することができる。穿刺する部位に応じた血圧を再現することができるから、より実践に近い練習を行うことができる。このバルブとしては、例えば模擬血管の外側に把持部を配置させ、ネジなどを用いて把持部の間隔を調節できるようにしたものを使用することができるが、コックやローラー式の調整弁を使用してもよい。
If the liquid is simply supplied to the simulated blood vessel by the pump, the practice of intravenous injection and blood sampling is performed, and if the liquid is pulsated and supplied by the pump, arterial blood sampling can be practiced. By selecting the liquid supply system of the pump, puncture can be practiced for both veins and arteries. As the pump capable of pulsating the liquid, a diaphragm pump, a piston pump, a plunger pump, or the like can be suitably used.
If a pressure adjustment valve is attached to the simulated blood vessel, the pressure in the simulated blood vessel can be freely adjusted corresponding to the injection site of the human body. Since blood pressure corresponding to the puncture site can be reproduced, practice closer to practice can be performed. As this valve, for example, a gripping part can be arranged outside the simulated blood vessel and the spacing of the gripping part can be adjusted by using a screw or the like, but a cock or roller type adjustment valve is used. May be.

また、支持台に着装する模擬人体組織カバーは注射部位に対応して適宜その厚みや枚数を調整することができる。複数のカバーを着装させると、注射針を抜いた際に発生する漏液が注射部位へ滲出してくるのを完全に阻止することができる。 Moreover , the thickness and the number of the simulated human tissue covers attached to the support base can be appropriately adjusted in accordance with the injection site. When a plurality of covers are attached, it is possible to completely prevent the leaked liquid generated when the injection needle is pulled out from seeping into the injection site.

模擬血管としては、シリコン、塩化ビニル、天然ゴムなどからなる軟らかいチューブを好適に使用することができる。その太さは、注射部位によって適宜設計することになる。例えば、手首の橈骨動脈の模擬血管では、外径4mm、肉厚0.5mm 程度のチューブを使用し、鼠径部動脈の模擬血管では、外径14mm、肉厚2mm程度のチュー ブを使用するのが適当である。その他、肘高中央の上腕動脈への採血も行われるが、それぞれの部位に対応させて設計することになる。同様に、静脈への穿刺を練習する場合には、想定注射部位に合わせて設計することになる。
模擬血管は、注射の練習をくり返して複数の孔が開くと、液体の漏出量が増大するから模擬血管としての機能を喪失してしまう。液体の圧力が低下して注射針挿入時に十分なバックフローが得られなくなるか否かを目安にしてチューブを交換することが望ましい。
As the simulated blood vessel, a soft tube made of silicon, vinyl chloride, natural rubber, or the like can be preferably used. The thickness is appropriately designed according to the injection site. For example, the simulated radial artery of the wrist uses a tube with an outer diameter of 4 mm and a thickness of about 0.5 mm, and the simulated blood vessel of the inguinal artery uses a tube with an outer diameter of 14 mm and a thickness of about 2 mm. Is appropriate. In addition, blood is collected into the brachial artery at the center of the elbow height, but it is designed to correspond to each site. Similarly, when practicing puncture into a vein, it is designed according to the assumed injection site.
When a plurality of holes are opened by repeating injection practice, the simulated blood vessel loses its function as a simulated blood vessel because the amount of liquid leakage increases. It is desirable to replace the tube based on whether or not the pressure of the liquid drops and sufficient backflow cannot be obtained when the injection needle is inserted.

模擬人体組織カバーについても、注射部位によって適宜その材質や厚みを設計する。その素材は、弾性を備えていることが必要である。例えば軟質のウレタン、塩化ビニル、シリコンなどの樹脂やこれらの独立発泡体を好適に使用することができる。動脈採血では血管の拍動の感知が必要不可欠となるから穿刺位置に応じた弾性を選択する必要がある。必要に応じて表面の皮膚層を積層するようにしてもよい。皮膚、皮下組織、血管などへ針を刺す際の感覚を会得できるようにしておくことが重要である。
なお、支持台は血管を支持するためのものであり、注射部位によってその固さを設計することになる。手首などの橈骨上の動脈への穿刺を練習する場合には、硬質樹脂や木などで形成することが望ましい。
The material and thickness of the simulated human tissue cover are also appropriately designed depending on the injection site. The material needs to have elasticity. For example, a resin such as soft urethane, vinyl chloride, or silicon, or a closed foam thereof can be preferably used. In arterial blood sampling, it is essential to sense the pulsation of blood vessels, so it is necessary to select elasticity according to the puncture position. You may make it laminate | stack the skin layer of a surface as needed. It is important to be able to learn the sensation of piercing the skin, subcutaneous tissue, blood vessels, etc.
In addition, a support stand is for supporting the blood vessel, and the hardness is designed according to the injection site. When practicing puncture of an artery on a rib such as a wrist, it is desirable to form the body with hard resin or wood.

模擬血管に液体を循環させながら内圧が与えられる結果、実践に近い穿刺感を感得する練習を行える利点がある。
また、液体を脈動させて供給する場合には、動脈からの採血の実践的な練習を行うことができる。
模擬人体組織の表面に液体が付着したり、練習模型の周りに液体を飛散させることもないからきれいな環境で練習することができる。
As a result of applying an internal pressure while circulating a liquid in the simulated blood vessel, there is an advantage that it is possible to practice to feel a puncture feeling close to practice.
In addition, when the liquid is supplied while being pulsated, practical practice of blood collection from an artery can be performed.
You can practice in a clean environment because no liquid adheres to the surface of the simulated human tissue or splashes around the practice model.

本実施形態においては、手首の橈骨動脈への注射を練習する模型例を示している(図1〜3参照)。
義手1は掌側の手首に穴2が開けてあって、硬質ウレタン樹脂製の載置台3上に載置している。図2はこの義手1を外した状態を示している。
載置台の中央には支持台5が突出させてあり、その外側を側壁6で囲繞させてあって、両者の間を後述する漏液回収部7としている。
In the present embodiment, a model example for practicing injection into the radial artery of the wrist is shown (see FIGS. 1 to 3).
The prosthetic hand 1 has a hole 2 in the wrist on the palm side and is placed on a mounting table 3 made of hard urethane resin. FIG. 2 shows a state where the artificial hand 1 is removed.
A support table 5 is projected at the center of the mounting table, and the outside thereof is surrounded by a side wall 6, and a leak recovery unit 7 described later is formed between the two.

支持台5の頂部には、長手方向に凹溝8が刻設してあって、その中に模擬血管としてのシリコン樹脂製のチューブ9を装入させている。このチューブ9は外径4mm、肉厚0.5mm
のものを使用している。 なお、このチューブ9は、支持台5の前後に取り付けた継手15、16に着脱容易に固定してあって、その取り替えを容易に行えるようにしている。
支持台5の上には、人体組織を模した肉厚約1mmの二枚の軟質ウレタン樹脂製のカバー11、12を重ねて着装させてあって、外側のカバー12の頂面13は、義手1の皮膚面と面一になるようにしている。
A concave groove 8 is formed in the top portion of the support base 5 in the longitudinal direction, and a tube 9 made of silicon resin as a simulated blood vessel is inserted therein. This tube 9 has an outer diameter of 4mm and a wall thickness of 0.5mm.
Are using things. The tube 9 is easily fixed to the joints 15 and 16 attached to the front and rear of the support base 5 so that the replacement can be easily performed.
On the support base 5, two soft urethane resin covers 11 and 12 having a thickness of approximately 1 mm, imitating human tissue, are overlapped and worn, and the top surface 13 of the outer cover 12 is an artificial hand. It is made to be flush with the skin surface of 1.

次に、図5を参酌しながら模擬血液としての液体20の循環について説明する。
液体20は、載置台の底部に載置した液体貯留としてのタンク21に貯留されている。ピストン式ポンプ10を作動させることによって、液体20はチューブ17から吸引されて供給チューブ18へ脈動状態で吐出される。このチューブ18は継手15を介してチューブ9に連通しているから、液体は支持台5上の手首側の注射部位を通過し、継手16を介して排出チューブ19へ臨むことになる。
このチューブ19の外側には、圧力調整バルブが取り付けてあって、図示しない二つの部材がチューブを圧迫してチューブ18、9、19内の液体20の圧力を高めるようにしている。
Next, the circulation of the liquid 20 as simulated blood will be described with reference to FIG.
The liquid 20 is stored in a tank 21 as a liquid storage placed on the bottom of the mounting table. By operating the piston pump 10, the liquid 20 is sucked from the tube 17 and discharged to the supply tube 18 in a pulsating state. Since the tube 18 communicates with the tube 9 via the joint 15, the liquid passes through the injection site on the wrist side on the support 5 and faces the discharge tube 19 via the joint 16.
A pressure adjusting valve is attached to the outside of the tube 19, and two members (not shown) press the tube to increase the pressure of the liquid 20 in the tubes 18, 9, 19.

注射の練習を行ってチューブ9に孔が開くと液体20がその孔から漏出するが、カバー11を構成している軟質ウレタン樹脂はその弾力によって針孔を閉塞してしまうため、液体は漏液回収部7へ流下する。この漏液回収部は、支持台5の下方に設けた導水路としての受皿5からパイプ26へと連通していて、漏液はタンク21へ排出されて液体20と合流して循環するようになっている。   When a hole is opened in the tube 9 after practice of injection, the liquid 20 leaks from the hole, but the soft urethane resin constituting the cover 11 closes the needle hole by its elasticity, so the liquid leaks. It flows down to the collection unit 7. This leakage recovery unit communicates from a receiving tray 5 as a water conduit provided below the support 5 to a pipe 26 so that the leakage is discharged to the tank 21 and joins and circulates with the liquid 20. It has become.

注射練習装置の全体斜視図Whole perspective view of injection practice device 義手を外した注射練習装置の斜視図Perspective view of the injection practice device with the prosthesis removed カバーを 外した注射練習装置の斜視図Perspective view of the injection practice device with the cover removed 図2の中央縦断面図Center vertical section of FIG. 液体の循環状態を説明するための概略図Schematic for explaining the circulation state of the liquid

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1義手、 2義手の穴、 3載置台、 5支持台、 6側壁、 7漏液回収部、 8チューブを装入する凹溝、 9、17、18、19、26チューブ、 10ポンプ、 11、12模擬人体組織カバー、 15、16チューブの継手、 20液体、 21タンク、 22圧力調整バルブ、 25受皿 1 prosthetic hand, 2 prosthetic hole, 3 mounting base, 5 support base, 6 side wall, 7 leak recovery part, 8 concave groove for inserting tube, 9, 17, 18, 19, 26 tube, 10 pump, 11, 12 Simulated body tissue cover, 15 and 16 tube fittings, 20 liquids, 21 tanks, 22 pressure adjustment valve, 25 saucer

Claims (4)

模擬血管とその外側に模擬人体組織層を配置した注射練習用模型において、頂部に凹溝を刻設した支持台、凹溝に装入し先端部を液体貯留部に臨ませた模擬血管、液体貯留部から模擬血管に液体を供給するポンプ、模擬血管の外側から支持台に着装する模擬人体組織カバー、支持台の下部に設けた漏液回収部、漏液回収部と液体貯留部との間に設けた導水路とからなる注射練習用模型。 In a model for injection practice in which a simulated blood vessel and a simulated human tissue layer are arranged on the outer side, a support base with a groove formed on the top, a simulated blood vessel inserted into the groove and the tip facing the liquid reservoir, liquid A pump that supplies liquid from the reservoir to the simulated blood vessel, a simulated human tissue cover that is worn on the support base from the outside of the simulated blood vessel, a leak recovery unit that is provided below the support base, and between the leak recovery unit and the liquid storage unit A model for practicing injection consisting of a water conduit provided in the . ポンプが脈動する液体を模擬血管に供給するポンプである請求項1に記載の注射練習用模型。 The injection training model according to claim 1, wherein the pump is a pump that supplies pulsating fluid to a simulated blood vessel. 模擬血管に圧力調整バルブを取り付けた請求項1または2に記載の注射練習用模型。 The injection training model according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a pressure adjustment valve is attached to the simulated blood vessel. 支持台に複数の模擬人体組織カバーを着装させた請求項1、2又は3に記載の注射練習用模型 The injection practice model according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of simulated human tissue covers are attached to a support base .
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AU2015235723B2 (en) * 2014-03-27 2019-02-14 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Technique simulator
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JP2020086079A (en) * 2018-11-22 2020-06-04 テルモ株式会社 Puncture practice device and usage of puncture practice device
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