JP4012089B2 - Window opening and closing device - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4012089B2
JP4012089B2 JP2003026516A JP2003026516A JP4012089B2 JP 4012089 B2 JP4012089 B2 JP 4012089B2 JP 2003026516 A JP2003026516 A JP 2003026516A JP 2003026516 A JP2003026516 A JP 2003026516A JP 4012089 B2 JP4012089 B2 JP 4012089B2
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window
opening
chain
gear
rotary shaft
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JP2004238816A (en
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孝映 内海
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Chuo Hatsujo KK
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Chuo Hatsujo KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、換気や排煙などのために建物や家屋などに設ける窓開閉装置に係り、特に排煙時に簡単な操作で素早く窓を開放できるように改良した窓開閉装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
換気および排煙用の窓開閉装置にあっては、ハンドルの手動操作によりクラッチ部材を介してワイヤーが遊星歯車機構の作動を伴いながらドラムに巻き取られたり、ドラムから繰り出したりして窓の開閉動作を行う(例えば特許文献1参照)。排煙などの際に窓を一挙に全開するには、操作子により爪歯車に対するラチェットのロックを解除してドラムを自由回転状態にし、ワイヤーを繰り出して窓を自重により下方に倒す。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−234469号公報(第3頁、図1)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記の窓開閉装置では、ワイヤーは窓に連結されて常に緊張状態にあり、巻き取り毎にワイヤーに引張力が繰り返し加わるため、ワイヤーが疲労し易く耐久限度に至らないうちに新たなワイヤーと交換する必要がある。また、ドラムに遊星歯車機構といった複雑な構成部品を回転伝達手段として連結しているので、製造コストが高くなるとともに、ハンドルの回転を遊星歯車機構や爪車といったギアに伝達する際、バックラッシュによりギアの歯先同士が連続的に当り合って耳障りな騒音が発生する問題がある。
【0005】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その第1の目的は比較的簡素な構造で窓の開閉動作を円滑に行うことができるとともに、素早い開窓動作が可能となる窓開閉装置を提供することにある。
本発明の第2の目的は耐久性能に優れ、製造コスト的に有利に窓の円滑な開閉動作が可能で、しかもバックラッシュに起因するギアの騒音の低減化を図り、緊急時の素早い開窓動作が実現可能な窓開閉装置を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る窓開閉装置では、一端部が窓に連結する窓作動手段としてのチェーンを掛け渡す鎖歯車と、操作手段により鎖歯車を回転してチェーンを移動させて窓を開放位置と閉鎖位置との間で開閉変位させる回転シャフトと、この回転シャフトを閉窓方向に回転させる時、窓枠の下枠桟に略水平方向に配置された回転シャフトの回転を受けて弾性変形して開窓方向である捩り方向の弾性力を蓄積するコイルスプリングからなる弾性変形手段と、回転シャフトに対して切替可能に連結された操作手段により窓を開閉変位させる時、操作手段を回転シャフトに連結する連結切替手段と、窓の緊急開放時に連結切替手段により回転シャフトに対する連結を解いて弾性変形手段に蓄積された弾性力を解放することにより鎖歯車を開窓方向に回転させながらチェーンを送り出す操作レバーとを備えることを特徴とする(請求項)。
【0008】
【発明の作用および効果】
(請求項について)
窓の開閉時には、回転シャフトを回転してチェーンを移動させて窓を開放位置と閉鎖位置との間で変位させる。回転シャフトを閉窓方向に回転する時、弾性変形手段には、捩り方向の弾性変形により内部に弾性力が蓄積される。窓の緊急開放時、連結切替手段の操作により回転シャフトに対する連結を解く。このため、弾性変形手段に蓄積された弾性力により生じた初期トルクで鎖歯車を回転させながらチェーンを開窓方向に送り出す。
この際、窓の開閉動作にチェーンを使用しているので、ワイヤーと異なって引張力を繰り返し受けても容易には疲労せず耐久性が向上して長寿命化が図られる。窓の緊急開放時には、弾性変形手段の弾性力により鎖歯車に加わる開窓方向の初期トルクで素早い開窓動作を実現させることができる。
しかも、チェーン、鎖歯車、回転シャフトおよび弾性変形手段を取付けた比較的簡素な構造で済むので、全体のコンパクト化および省スペース化に併せて製造コストの低減化に寄与する。とりわけ、開窓方向の所要ストロークが小さい場合には、開窓方向に付勢させるステイダンパーなどの窓付勢手段が不要になって構造が簡素になりコスト的に有利である。また、弾性変形手段の弾性力は、噛合部に対して開窓方向の回転付勢力として作用し、チェーンと鎖歯車といった噛合部品間のバックラッシュを除去するように働く。このため、操作手段により窓を開窓方向に操作する時、バックラッシュに起因するギアの騒音を低減することができる。
しかも、弾性変形手段は、回転シャフトの回転を受けて開窓方向である捩り方向の弾性力を蓄積するコイルスプリングからなる。このため、弾性変形手段が簡素な構造の既存部品で済むとともに、比較的安価に入手することができてコスト的に有利である。
【0009】
(請求項について
の開放に伴い開窓方向に付勢する窓付勢手段を設けているので、窓の開放動作に大きなストロークが得られる。
【0010】
(請求項について)
連結切替手段は互いに係脱可能な一対のカプラーとしているので、連結切替手段が簡素な構造で済みコスト的に有利である。
【0011】
(請求項について)
鎖歯車に対する回転シャフトの伝達は、回転シャフトに設けたウォームギアを鎖歯車に設けたピニオンに噛合して行う。ピニオンの回転はウォームギアには伝わらないので、ピニオンとウォームギアとの噛み合いにより、窓の開閉操作時に窓を所望の開放度に保持することができる。
【0012】
(請求項について)
窓の緊急開放時とは、建物内に発生した煙を排出する排煙時であるため、火災などの際に素早く窓を開放することができて災害の拡大を防ぐことに貢献する。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の一実施例を図面を参照して説明する。
図1ないし図2において、本発明に係る窓開閉装置1が設けられる窓2は、矩形の窓枠3に窓閉位置と窓開位置との間で揺動自在な下開き形の換気窓および排煙窓を兼ねる。窓2と窓枠3との間には、ステイダンパー4が左右に窓付勢手段として設けられて窓2の開放に伴い開窓方向に付勢する。窓枠3の下枠桟3aには、窓開閉装置1の横形回転シャフト5が略水平方向に設けられている。横形回転シャフト5の左端部は、ギア列6からなる開度ストッパー7を嵌着し、右端部は斜歯ギア(図示せず)を内設した転向ボックス8に連結されている。開度ストッパー7は、窓2が閉窓位置から開窓方向に変位して所定の開放度に達する時にギア列6の回転をロックして窓2の開放を止める。転向ボックス8は、後述する縦形回転シャフト9からの回転を略90度だけ向きを変えて横形回転シャフト5に伝達する。
【0014】
横形回転シャフト5の上方には、図3および図4に示すように横長なケース10が横形回転シャフト5に沿うようにして下枠桟3aに取付けられている。ケース10の左端部からは支持棒11が横形回転シャフト5を横切って延出し、右端部からはブラケット12を介して支持枠13が延設されている。支持枠13内には、横形回転シャフト5に嵌着された伝動歯車14が噛合する従動歯車15が支持されている。従動歯車15には、リング状のカラー16が取付けられて横形回転シャフト5と並列する心金棒(図示せず)を支持棒11に連結している。この心金棒には弾性変形手段としてのコイルスプリング17を巻回し、その一端部をカラー16に連結して他端部を支持棒11に連結している。コイルスプリング17は、後述するように窓2の閉鎖時に横形回転シャフト5からの回転を受け、弾性変形により捩り方向の弾性力を蓄積して横形回転シャフト5を開窓方向に回転付勢する。
【0015】
ケース10の右端部に存する横形回転シャフト5には、ピニオン19に噛合するウォームギア18が形成されている。ピニオン19は上部に鎖歯車20を同心的に固定している。プッシュプルチェーン21はチェーンの一例であり、窓作動手段として働く。プッシュプルチェーン21は、長手方向の剛性が比較的高く直進性に優れた性質を有し、窓2の開閉動作に伴って開窓および閉窓方向に変位する。プッシュプルチェーン21の一端部21aは窓2に連結され、他端部21bは鎖歯車20に掛け渡されて鎖歯車20とケース10の内壁部との間に挟まれて鎖歯車20に対する噛み合いを保持している。
【0016】
窓枠3の下方には、図5に示すように縦形回転シャフト9に連結されたハンドルボックス22が室内側に設けられている。ハンドル23は操作手段として設けられ、図6および図7に示すようにハンドルボックス22内に配置したクラッチ部24を介して転向ギア部25に連結され、伝達方向を90度だけ上方に変更する。クラッチ部24は、ハンドル23の回転力は左右いずれの方向でも転向ギア部25に伝達するが、転向ギア部25からの回転力はハンドル23に伝わらない構造になっている。転向ギア部25には、上部にカプラー27を有する縦型の切替軸26が連結切替手段として軸方向に変位可能に連結されている。切替軸26の上方には、切替軸26のカプラー27が係脱するカプラー28を有する連結軸29を連結切替手段として配置している。
【0017】
連結軸29の先端部は、ハンドルボックス22内に存する縦形回転シャフト9に嵌着した中間軸30と同軸かつ近接位置にある。連結軸29および中間軸30は伝達歯車31、32を嵌着している。側路軸33は、連結軸29および中間軸30に並列状態に配置されて側路歯車34、35を上下に嵌着している。上段の側路歯車34は伝達歯車31、32に噛合し、下段の側路歯車35は伝達歯車31だけに噛合している。側路軸33の側路歯車35は、後述するようにハンドル23を閉窓方向に回転して窓2の閉鎖を完了した際、その回転をロックして連結軸29の回転を阻止し、ハンドル23の回転を止めて窓2を窓枠3に対して不必要に大きな圧接力で締め付けないようにしている。
【0018】
ハンドルボックス22には、ハンドル23の上部に操作レバー36が取付けられている。操作レバー36は、例えば建物に火災などが発生した緊急時に建物内の煙を排出するために操作され、後述するように素早く窓を開放して災害の拡大を防ぐ。操作レバー36の支軸37はリンク38、39を介して切替板40に連結されている。略L字形をなす切替板40は切替軸26のカプラー27をフォーク状の鋏部40aで挟持している。
【0019】
上記構成において、室内の換気などのために窓2を開放するには、図1に矢印Aで示す方向にハンドル23を手動で回転する。ハンドル23の回転により、図6のクラッチ部24、転向ギア部25、切替軸26、カプラー27、28、連結軸29の伝達歯車31、側路軸33の側路歯車34、伝達歯車32および中間軸30からなるギアトレイン連結幹41をそれぞれ矢印Pで示す方向に回転して縦形回転シャフト9を矢印Cで示す方向に回転する。縦形回転シャフト9の回転に伴い、横形回転シャフト5が転向ボックス8を介して横形回転シャフト5が図1に矢印Dで示す方向に回転する。横形回転シャフト5の回転がウォームギア18を介してピニオン19に伝わり鎖歯車20を図3に矢印Eで示す方向に回転してプッシュプルチェーン21を矢印Fで示す方向に送り出す。
【0020】
これに伴い、ステイダンパー4の開窓方向の付勢力に助けられながら、後述するコイルスプリング17の弾性力が解放されることにより、横形回転シャフト5を開窓方向に回転付勢しながら図2に示すように窓2を上方に移動して開窓位置に変位させる。この場合、ハンドル23の回転度合によりプッシュプルチェーン21の送り出し量が決まるため、ハンドル23の回転に応じた所望の開放度で窓2を開放することができる。窓2の開放度が最大設定量になると、開度ストッパー7のギヤ列6の回転が阻止されることにより、ハンドル23の回転がロックされて開窓方向の変位を停止する。
【0021】
開放後に窓2を閉鎖するには、ハンドル23を矢印Aとは反対方向に回転する。これにより、ギアトレイン連結幹41を介して縦形回転シャフト9が矢印Cとは反対方向に回転し、横形回転シャフト5を矢印Dとは反対方向に回転させる。横形回転シャフト5の回転がウォームギア18を介してピニオン19に伝わり鎖歯車20を矢印Eとは反対方向に回転してプッシュプルチェーン21を矢印Fと反対方向に引込む。鎖歯車20の回転により、プッシュプルチェーン21が窓2を引込み、ステイダンパー4の付勢力に抗して図2の開窓位置から下方に移動して図1の閉窓位置に変位させる。
【0022】
この際、ハンドル23の回転度合によっては、プッシュプルチェーン21の引込み量が過剰になって窓2を窓枠3に不必要に大きな圧接力で締め付けてしまう場合が想定される。これを防ぐため、窓枠3に対する圧接力が適切になると、側路軸33の側路歯車35をロックしてハンドル23の回転を止めてハンドル23が閉窓方向に余分には回転しないようにしている。そして、横形回転シャフト5が矢印Dとは反対方向に回転するに伴い、この回転力が伝動歯車14に伝わり従動歯車15およびカラー16を介してコイルスプリング17を図4に矢印Gで示す方向に捩って巻締め、捩り方向の弾性変形により内部に開窓方向の弾性力を蓄積する。このため、コイルスプリング17は弾性力によりカラー16、従動歯車15および伝動歯車14を介して横形回転シャフト5に初期トルクを閉窓方向の回転付勢力として付与している。
【0023】
火災などの緊急時、排煙モードにして建物内の煙を外部に排出させるには、操作レバー36を手前に引く。これにより、操作レバー36の支軸37が図6に矢印Hで示す方向に回転してリンク38、39を図7に矢印Jで示すように下方に伸長させる。このため、切替軸26が矢印Nで示すように押圧により下方に移動してカプラー27を連結軸29のカプラー28から離脱させて連結を解く。この結果、連結軸29、中間軸30および縦形回転シャフト9が切替軸26の拘束から自由となってコイルスプリング17の弾性力が回転付勢力として解放される。このため、コイルスプリング17からの初期トルクによりカラー16、従動歯車15および伝動歯車14を介して横形回転シャフト5が縦形回転シャフト9とともに開窓方向に回転する。横形回転シャフト5の回転により、窓2を換気用に開放した時と同様にウォームギア18およびピニオン19を介して鎖歯車20を矢印Eの方向に回転し、プッシュプルチェーン21を矢印Fの方向に送り出して窓2を開窓方向に変位させる。
【0024】
(実施形態上の効果)
このように、窓2の開閉時には、横形回転シャフト5を回転してプッシュプルチェーン21を移動させて窓2を開放位置および閉鎖位置に変位させる。横形回転シャフト5を閉窓方向に回転する時、コイルスプリング17には、捩り方向の弾性変形により内部に弾性力が蓄積される。緊急時に窓を開放するには、操作レバー36の操作により縦形回転シャフト9とともに、横形回転シャフト5に対する連結を解いて横形回転シャフト5を自由にする。このため、コイルスプリング17に蓄積された弾性力が解放されて初期トルクにより鎖歯車20を回転させながらプッシュプルチェーン21を開窓方向に送り出す。
【0025】
この際、窓2の開閉動作に堅牢なプッシュプルチェーン21を使用しているので、ワイヤーと異なって引張力を繰り返し受けても容易には疲労せず耐久性が向上して長寿命化が図られる。緊急時には、コイルスプリング17に蓄積された弾性力により鎖歯車20に初期トルクが加わって窓を開放するので、複雑な機構が不要になって簡素な構造で済み製造コストの低減化に寄与する。とりわけ、開窓方向の所要ストロークが小さい場合には、プッシュプルチェーン21の送り出し動作で済み開窓方向に付勢させるステイダンパー4といった窓付勢手段が不要になって構造が簡素になりコスト的に有利である。
また、コイルスプリング17の弾性力は、初期トルクとして従動歯車15を常に開窓方向に回転付勢しているので、伝動歯車14と従動歯車15をはじめ、プッシュプルチェーン21と鎖歯車20、伝動歯車14と従動歯車15ならびに伝達歯車31、32と側路歯車34、35といった噛合部品同士のバックラッシュを除去するように働く。このため、ハンドル23により窓2を開窓方向に操作する時、バックラッシュに起因するギアの騒音を低減させることができる。
【0026】
なお、上記実施例では下開き形の窓2に適用したが、窓は上開き形や左右の横開き形の窓にも適用可能である。弾性変形手段として心金棒に巻回したコイルスプリング17を用いたが、弾性変形手段を複数の合成樹脂紐あるいはゴム紐を束ねて構成したり細径のゴム柱や樹脂柱から構成してもよく、要は捩り回転により弾性力を蓄積し、カプラー27、28同士を離脱させた時にその弾性力を解放し、横形回転シャフト5に開窓方向の初期トルクを伝えるものであればよい。
排煙時に操作レバー36を用いたが、操作レバー36の代わりに押ボタン、ダイヤル、ペダルやスライダーを用いてもよい。操作レバー36は、緊急時の使用ばかりでなく、例えば室内の空気が淀んでいて換気を素早く行いたい場合などにも用いることができる。換気時の窓2の開閉操作はハンドル23を用いて手動で行ったが、縦形回転シャフト9および横形回転シャフト5を駆動モータにより回転させて窓の開閉操作を自動的に行ってもよい。
【0027】
また、窓作動手段としてプッシュプルチェーン21を用いたが、プッシュプルチェーン21に限らずローラーチェーンなどの各種のチェーンを適用してもよい。その他、窓作動手段の変形例として下記の機構が挙げられる。
(a)一端部を中心に回動転可能なアームを使用し、この回動動作により窓を開閉する機構。
(b)回転シャフト駆動形のベルト付プーリーをチェーンの代わりに用いて窓を開閉する機構。
(c)互いに螺合するねじ部同士の回転により軸方向に変位するロッドを利用して窓を開閉する機構。
(d)対角線に沿って大小に拡縮変位する四辺形リンクを用いて窓を開閉する機構。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】窓開閉装置を設置して閉窓位置に存する窓の正面図である。
【図2】開放位置に存する窓の正面図である。
【図3】窓開閉装置を示す拡大平面図である。
【図4】窓開閉装置を示す拡大正面図である。
【図5】ハンドルボックスの拡大斜視図である。
【図6】図5のM−M線に沿う縦断面図である。
【図7】図5のS−S線に沿う縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 窓開閉装置
2 窓
3 窓枠
4 ステイダンパー(窓付勢手段)
5 横形回転シャフト(回転シャフト)
9 縦形回転シャフト(回転シャフト)
17 コイルスプリング(弾性変形手段)
18 ウォームギア
19 ピニオン
20 鎖歯車
21 プッシュプルチェーン(チェーン、窓作動手段)
22 ハンドルボックス
23 ハンドル(操作手段)
26 切替軸(連結切替手段)
27 カプラー(連結切替手段)
28 カプラー(連結切替手段)
29 連結軸(連結切替手段)
36 操作レバー
41 ギアトレイン連結幹
21a プッシュプルチェーンの一端部
21b プッシュプルチェーンの他端部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a window opening / closing device provided in a building or a house for ventilation or smoke exhaustion, and more particularly to an improved window opening / closing device so that a window can be quickly opened by a simple operation when smoke is exhausted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the window opening and closing device for ventilation and smoke exhaust, the wire is wound around the drum with the operation of the planetary gear mechanism through the clutch member by manual operation of the handle, and is opened and closed by unwinding from the drum. The operation is performed (for example, see Patent Document 1). To fully open the window at the time of exhausting smoke, etc., the ratchet lock on the claw gear is released by the operation element, the drum is freely rotated, the wire is fed out, and the window is brought down by its own weight.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-234469 A (page 3, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above window opening and closing device, the wire is always connected to the window and is always in tension, and tensile force is repeatedly applied to the wire every time it is wound. Therefore, the wire is easily fatigued and replaced with a new wire before reaching the end of its durability. There is a need to. Further, since complicated components such as a planetary gear mechanism are connected to the drum as a rotation transmission means, the manufacturing cost is increased, and when the rotation of the handle is transmitted to a gear such as a planetary gear mechanism or a claw wheel, backlash is caused. There is a problem in that the tooth tips of the gears continuously contact each other and generate annoying noise.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a window opening / closing device capable of smoothly opening and closing a window with a relatively simple structure and capable of quick opening operation. It is to provide.
The second object of the present invention is excellent in durability performance, enables smooth opening / closing operation of the window in an advantageous manner in terms of manufacturing cost, reduces gear noise caused by backlash, and enables quick opening of windows in an emergency. An object of the present invention is to provide a window opening and closing device that can be operated.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the window opening and closing device according to the present invention, a chain gear that spans a chain as a window operating means whose one end is connected to the window, and a chain gear is rotated by the operating means to move the chain to open and close the window. a rotating shaft that opens and closes displaced between the fenestration when this causes rotation of the rotary shaft閉窓direction, and elastically deformed by the rotation of the rotary shaft disposed in a substantially horizontal direction under frame bar of the window frame elastically deformable means consists of a coil spring for charging elastic force of the torsion direction is the direction, when the opening and closing displacement of the window by switching linked to the operation means against the rotating shaft, coupling the operating means to the rotary shaft When the window is urgently opened, the connection switching unit releases the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation unit by releasing the connection to the rotating shaft, thereby rotating the chain gear in the window opening direction. Characterized in that it comprises an operating lever for feeding the reluctant chain (claim 1).
[0008]
Operation and effect of the invention
(About claim 1 )
When the window is opened and closed, the rotating shaft is rotated to move the chain, and the window is displaced between the open position and the closed position. When the rotating shaft is rotated in the closed window direction, an elastic force is accumulated in the elastic deformation means by elastic deformation in the torsional direction. When the window is opened urgently, the connection to the rotating shaft is released by operating the connection switching means. For this reason, the chain is sent out in the window opening direction while rotating the chain gear with the initial torque generated by the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation means.
At this time, since the chain is used for the opening / closing operation of the window, even if the tensile force is repeatedly received unlike the wire, it is not easily fatigued and the durability is improved and the life is extended. When the window is urgently opened, a quick opening operation can be realized with an initial torque in the opening direction applied to the chain gear by the elastic force of the elastic deformation means.
In addition, since a relatively simple structure with a chain, a chain gear, a rotating shaft and elastic deformation means attached is sufficient, it contributes to a reduction in manufacturing cost as well as overall compactness and space saving. In particular, when the required stroke in the window opening direction is small, a window biasing means such as a stay damper for biasing in the window opening direction is not required, which simplifies the structure and is advantageous in terms of cost. Further, the elastic force of the elastic deformation means acts as a rotational biasing force in the direction of the window on the meshing portion, and works to remove backlash between meshing parts such as the chain and the chain gear. For this reason, when operating the window in the opening direction by the operating means, it is possible to reduce gear noise caused by backlash.
Moreover, the elastic deformation means comprises a coil spring that receives the rotation of the rotating shaft and accumulates an elastic force in the torsional direction, which is the opening direction. For this reason, the elastic deformation means can be an existing part with a simple structure, and it can be obtained at a relatively low cost, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0009]
(About claim 2 )
Since the window urging means for urging in the window opening direction as the window is opened is provided, a large stroke can be obtained in the window opening operation.
[0010]
(Claim 3 )
Since the connection switching means is a pair of couplers that can be engaged and disengaged with each other, the connection switching means has a simple structure and is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0011]
(About claim 4 )
Transmission of the rotary shaft to the chain gear is performed by meshing a worm gear provided on the rotary shaft with a pinion provided on the chain gear. Since the rotation of the pinion is not transmitted to the worm gear, the window can be held at a desired opening degree during the opening / closing operation of the window by meshing the pinion and the worm gear.
[0012]
(Claim 5 )
The emergency opening of the window means that the smoke generated in the building is exhausted, so that the window can be opened quickly in the event of a fire, etc., contributing to the prevention of disasters.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2, a window 2 provided with a window opening / closing device 1 according to the present invention includes a rectangular window frame 3 and a lower opening type ventilation window that can swing between a window closing position and a window opening position. Also serves as a smoke exhaust window. A stay damper 4 is provided between the window 2 and the window frame 3 as window urging means on the left and right, and urges in the direction of opening as the window 2 is opened. A horizontal rotating shaft 5 of the window opening / closing device 1 is provided in a substantially horizontal direction on the lower frame 3a of the window frame 3. An opening degree stopper 7 comprising a gear train 6 is fitted to the left end portion of the horizontal rotary shaft 5, and the right end portion is connected to a turning box 8 provided with an inclined gear (not shown). The opening stopper 7 locks the rotation of the gear train 6 to stop the opening of the window 2 when the window 2 is displaced in the opening direction from the closed window position and reaches a predetermined opening degree. The turning box 8 transmits the rotation from the vertical rotary shaft 9 described later to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 while changing the direction by about 90 degrees.
[0014]
Above the horizontal rotary shaft 5, a horizontally long case 10 is attached to the lower frame 3 a along the horizontal rotary shaft 5 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. A support bar 11 extends across the horizontal rotary shaft 5 from the left end of the case 10, and a support frame 13 extends from the right end via a bracket 12. In the support frame 13, a driven gear 15 that meshes with a transmission gear 14 fitted to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is supported. A ring-shaped collar 16 is attached to the driven gear 15, and a mandrel bar (not shown) parallel to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is connected to the support bar 11. A coil spring 17 as an elastic deformation means is wound around the mandrel, one end of which is connected to the collar 16 and the other end is connected to the support bar 11. As will be described later, the coil spring 17 receives rotation from the horizontal rotary shaft 5 when the window 2 is closed, accumulates elastic force in the torsional direction by elastic deformation, and urges the horizontal rotary shaft 5 to rotate in the window opening direction.
[0015]
A worm gear 18 that meshes with the pinion 19 is formed on the horizontal rotary shaft 5 at the right end of the case 10. The pinion 19 has a chain gear 20 fixed concentrically on the top. The push-pull chain 21 is an example of a chain and serves as a window actuating means. The push-pull chain 21 has a relatively high rigidity in the longitudinal direction and an excellent property of straight advancement. One end 21 a of the push-pull chain 21 is connected to the window 2, and the other end 21 b is stretched over the chain gear 20 and is sandwiched between the chain gear 20 and the inner wall portion of the case 10 to engage with the chain gear 20. keeping.
[0016]
Below the window frame 3, as shown in FIG. 5, a handle box 22 connected to the vertical rotary shaft 9 is provided on the indoor side. The handle 23 is provided as an operating means, and is connected to the turning gear portion 25 through a clutch portion 24 disposed in the handle box 22 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and changes the transmission direction upward by 90 degrees. The clutch portion 24 has a structure in which the rotational force of the handle 23 is transmitted to the turning gear portion 25 in either the left or right direction, but the rotating force from the turning gear portion 25 is not transmitted to the handle 23. A vertical switching shaft 26 having a coupler 27 on the top is connected to the turning gear portion 25 as a connection switching means so as to be displaceable in the axial direction. Above the switching shaft 26, a connecting shaft 29 having a coupler 28 with which the coupler 27 of the switching shaft 26 engages and disengages is arranged as a connection switching means.
[0017]
The distal end portion of the connecting shaft 29 is coaxial and close to the intermediate shaft 30 fitted to the vertical rotary shaft 9 existing in the handle box 22. The connecting shaft 29 and the intermediate shaft 30 are fitted with transmission gears 31 and 32. The side shaft 33 is arranged in parallel with the connecting shaft 29 and the intermediate shaft 30 and has the side gears 34 and 35 fitted vertically. The upper side gear 34 meshes with the transmission gears 31 and 32, and the lower side gear 35 meshes only with the transmission gear 31. As will be described later, when the handle 23 is rotated in the closing window direction to complete the closing of the window 2, the side gear 35 of the side path shaft 33 locks its rotation and prevents the connection shaft 29 from rotating. The rotation of 23 is stopped so that the window 2 is not fastened to the window frame 3 with an unnecessarily large pressure contact force.
[0018]
An operation lever 36 is attached to the handle box 22 at the top of the handle 23. The operation lever 36 is operated, for example, to discharge smoke in the building in an emergency when a fire or the like occurs in the building, and quickly opens a window to prevent the spread of disaster as will be described later. The support shaft 37 of the operation lever 36 is connected to the switching plate 40 via links 38 and 39. The switching plate 40 having a substantially L shape sandwiches the coupler 27 of the switching shaft 26 with a fork-shaped flange 40a.
[0019]
In the above configuration, in order to open the window 2 for indoor ventilation or the like, the handle 23 is manually rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. The rotation of the handle 23 causes the clutch portion 24, the turning gear portion 25, the switching shaft 26, the couplers 27 and 28, the transmission gear 31 of the connecting shaft 29, the side gear 34 of the side shaft 33, the transmission gear 32, and the intermediate. The gear train connecting trunk 41 composed of the shaft 30 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow P, and the vertical rotary shaft 9 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow C. As the vertical rotary shaft 9 rotates, the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG. The rotation of the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is transmitted to the pinion 19 via the worm gear 18, and the chain gear 20 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow E in FIG. 3 to send the push-pull chain 21 in the direction indicated by the arrow F.
[0020]
Accordingly, the elastic force of the coil spring 17 (described later) is released while being assisted by the biasing force of the stay damper 4 in the window opening direction, whereby the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is rotated and biased in the window opening direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the window 2 is moved upward and displaced to the open window position. In this case, since the feed amount of the push-pull chain 21 is determined by the degree of rotation of the handle 23, the window 2 can be opened with a desired degree of opening according to the rotation of the handle 23. When the opening degree of the window 2 reaches the maximum set amount, the rotation of the gear train 6 of the opening stopper 7 is blocked, so that the rotation of the handle 23 is locked and the displacement in the opening direction is stopped.
[0021]
To close the window 2 after opening, the handle 23 is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow A. As a result, the vertical rotary shaft 9 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow C via the gear train connecting trunk 41 and the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow D. The rotation of the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is transmitted to the pinion 19 via the worm gear 18, the chain gear 20 is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow E, and the push-pull chain 21 is drawn in the direction opposite to the arrow F. As the chain gear 20 rotates, the push-pull chain 21 retracts the window 2 and moves downward from the open window position of FIG. 2 against the urging force of the stay damper 4 to displace it to the closed window position of FIG.
[0022]
At this time, depending on the degree of rotation of the handle 23, it is assumed that the push-pull chain 21 is excessively pulled and the window 2 is fastened to the window frame 3 with an unnecessarily large pressure contact force. In order to prevent this, when the pressing force against the window frame 3 becomes appropriate, the side gear 35 of the side shaft 33 is locked to stop the rotation of the handle 23 so that the handle 23 does not rotate excessively in the closed window direction. ing. Then, as the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow D, this rotational force is transmitted to the transmission gear 14 and the coil spring 17 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow G in FIG. By twisting and tightening, elastic force in the opening direction is accumulated inside by elastic deformation in the torsional direction. For this reason, the coil spring 17 applies an initial torque as a rotational biasing force in the closing window direction to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 through the collar 16, the driven gear 15 and the transmission gear 14 by elastic force.
[0023]
In the event of an emergency such as a fire, the operation lever 36 is pulled forward in order to set the smoke emission mode to discharge the smoke in the building to the outside. As a result, the support shaft 37 of the operation lever 36 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow H in FIG. 6 to extend the links 38 and 39 downward as indicated by the arrow J in FIG. For this reason, the switching shaft 26 is moved downward by pressing as indicated by an arrow N, and the coupler 27 is detached from the coupler 28 of the connecting shaft 29 to release the connection. As a result, the connecting shaft 29, the intermediate shaft 30, and the vertical rotating shaft 9 are free from the restraint of the switching shaft 26, and the elastic force of the coil spring 17 is released as a rotational biasing force. For this reason, the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates together with the vertical rotary shaft 9 in the window opening direction through the collar 16, the driven gear 15 and the transmission gear 14 by the initial torque from the coil spring 17. As the horizontal rotating shaft 5 rotates, the chain gear 20 is rotated in the direction of arrow E through the worm gear 18 and the pinion 19 in the same manner as when the window 2 is opened for ventilation, and the push-pull chain 21 is moved in the direction of arrow F. It sends out and the window 2 is displaced to a window opening direction.
[0024]
(Effects on the embodiment)
As described above, when the window 2 is opened and closed, the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is rotated to move the push-pull chain 21 to displace the window 2 to the open position and the closed position. When the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is rotated in the closing window direction, an elastic force is accumulated in the coil spring 17 due to elastic deformation in the torsional direction. In order to open the window in an emergency, the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is released by releasing the connection to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 together with the vertical rotary shaft 9 by operating the operation lever 36. For this reason, the elastic force accumulated in the coil spring 17 is released, and the push-pull chain 21 is sent out in the opening direction while rotating the chain gear 20 by the initial torque.
[0025]
At this time, since the push-pull chain 21 is used for opening and closing the window 2, unlike a wire, even if it is repeatedly subjected to a tensile force, it is not easily fatigued and the durability is improved and the life is extended. It is done. In an emergency, an initial torque is applied to the chain gear 20 by the elastic force accumulated in the coil spring 17 to open the window, so that a complicated mechanism is not required and a simple structure is required, contributing to a reduction in manufacturing cost. In particular, when the required stroke in the window opening direction is small, a window biasing means such as a stay damper 4 for biasing in the window opening direction is not required because the push-pull chain 21 is sent out, and the structure becomes simple and cost-effective. Is advantageous.
Further, since the elastic force of the coil spring 17 always urges the driven gear 15 to rotate in the direction of the window as an initial torque, the transmission gear 14 and the driven gear 15 as well as the push-pull chain 21 and the chain gear 20 are transmitted. The gear 14 and the driven gear 15, the transmission gears 31 and 32, and the side gears 34 and 35 serve to eliminate backlash between the meshing parts. For this reason, when operating the window 2 in the opening direction by the handle 23, it is possible to reduce gear noise caused by backlash.
[0026]
In addition, in the said Example, although applied to the downward opening type window 2, a window is applicable also to an upper opening type or a horizontal opening type window on either side. Although the coil spring 17 wound around the mandrel is used as the elastic deformation means, the elastic deformation means may be constituted by bundling a plurality of synthetic resin strings or rubber strings, or may be constituted by a small diameter rubber column or resin column. In short, any elastic force may be accumulated by twisting rotation, releasing the elastic force when the couplers 27 and 28 are separated from each other, and transmitting the initial torque in the opening direction to the horizontal rotating shaft 5.
Although the operation lever 36 is used at the time of smoke emission, a push button, a dial, a pedal, or a slider may be used instead of the operation lever 36. The operation lever 36 can be used not only in an emergency, but also when, for example, indoor air is stagnant and ventilation is desired to be performed quickly. Although the opening / closing operation of the window 2 during ventilation is performed manually using the handle 23, the opening / closing operation of the window may be automatically performed by rotating the vertical rotating shaft 9 and the horizontal rotating shaft 5 by a drive motor.
[0027]
Further, the push-pull chain 21 is used as the window actuating means. However, the push-pull chain 21 is not limited to various chains such as a roller chain. In addition, the following mechanism is given as a modification of the window actuating means.
(A) A mechanism that uses an arm that can be rotated about one end, and that opens and closes the window by this rotation.
(B) A mechanism for opening and closing a window using a pulley with a belt driven by a rotating shaft instead of a chain.
(C) A mechanism for opening and closing the window using a rod that is displaced in the axial direction by rotation of screw portions that are screwed together.
(D) A mechanism that opens and closes a window using a quadrilateral link that expands and contracts along a diagonal line.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a window in a closed window position where a window opening / closing device is installed.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a window in an open position.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing the window opening / closing device.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view showing the window opening / closing device.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a handle box.
6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line MM in FIG.
7 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line SS in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Window opening and closing device 2 Window 3 Window frame 4 Stay damper (window biasing means)
5 Horizontal rotating shaft (Rotating shaft)
9 Vertical rotating shaft (Rotating shaft)
17 Coil spring (elastic deformation means)
18 Worm gear 19 Pinion 20 Chain gear 21 Push-pull chain (chain, window actuating means)
22 Handle box 23 Handle (operating means)
26 Switching shaft (connection switching means)
27 Coupler (connection switching means)
28 Coupler (connection switching means)
29 Connection shaft (connection switching means)
36 Operation lever 41 Gear train connecting trunk 21a One end 21b of push-pull chain The other end of push-pull chain

Claims (5)

一端部が窓に連結する窓作動手段としてのチェーンを掛け渡す鎖歯車と、
操作手段により前記鎖歯車を回転して前記チェーンを移動させて前記窓を開放位置と閉鎖位置との間で開閉変位させる回転シャフトと、
この回転シャフトを閉窓方向に回転させる時、窓枠の下枠桟に略水平方向に配置された前記回転シャフトの回転を受けて弾性変形して開窓方向である捩り方向の弾性力を蓄積するコイルスプリングからなる弾性変形手段と
前記回転シャフトに対して切替可能に連結された前記操作手段により前記窓を開閉変位させる時、前記操作手段を前記回転シャフトに連結する連結切替手段と、
前記窓の緊急開放時に前記連結切替手段により前記回転シャフトに対する連結を解いて前記弾性変形手段に蓄積された弾性力を解放することにより前記鎖歯車を開窓方向に回転させながら前記チェーンを送り出す操作レバーとを備えることを特徴とする窓開閉装置。
A chain gear that spans a chain as a window actuating means having one end connected to the window ;
A rotating shaft for rotating the chain gear by operating means to move the chain to open and close the window between an open position and a closed position;
When make rotating the rotating shaft閉窓direction, storing an elastic force of the torsion direction is fenestration direction elastically deformed by the rotation of the rotary shaft disposed in a substantially horizontal direction under frame bar of the window frame Elastic deformation means comprising a coil spring that
Connection switching means for connecting the operating means to the rotating shaft when the window is opened and closed by the operating means that is switchably connected to the rotating shaft;
The operation of sending out the chain while rotating the chain gear in the opening window direction by releasing the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation means by releasing the connection to the rotating shaft by the connection switching means at the time of emergency opening of the window window opening and closing apparatus characterized by obtaining Bei a lever.
前記窓と窓枠との間に、前記窓の開放に伴い開窓方向に付勢する窓付勢手段を設けていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の窓開閉装置。 Between the window and the window frame, the window opening and closing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized that you have a window urging means for urging the fenestration direction with the opening of the window. 前記連結切替手段は互いに係脱可能な一対のカプラーであることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の窓開閉装置。3. The window opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the connection switching means is a pair of couplers that can be engaged and disengaged with each other . 前記鎖歯車に対する前記回転シャフトの伝達は、前記回転シャフトに設けたウォームギアを前記鎖歯車に設けたピニオンに噛合して行うことを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれかに記載の窓開閉装置。The window according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the transmission of the rotary shaft to the chain gear is performed by meshing a worm gear provided on the rotary shaft with a pinion provided on the chain gear. Switchgear. 前記窓の緊急開放時とは、建物内に発生した煙を排出する排煙時であることを特徴とする請求項ないし請求項のいずれかに記載の窓開閉装置。Wherein the emergency opening of the window, the window opening and closing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a flue gas when discharging the smoke generated in the building.
JP2003026516A 2003-02-03 2003-02-03 Window opening and closing device Expired - Fee Related JP4012089B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018133682A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-07-26 长春阔尔科技股份有限公司 Sliding window emergency opening system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108708642B (en) * 2018-05-21 2024-07-02 厦门海信兴工贸有限公司 Window closer and door and window equipment with same
CN109138688A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-01-04 张瀚文 A kind of vent window

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018133682A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-07-26 长春阔尔科技股份有限公司 Sliding window emergency opening system
US11473341B2 (en) 2017-01-19 2022-10-18 Changchun Kuoer Technology Co., Ltd. Sliding window emergency opening system

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