JP4007997B2 - 改質硫黄固化体製造システム - Google Patents
改質硫黄固化体製造システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4007997B2 JP4007997B2 JP2005140673A JP2005140673A JP4007997B2 JP 4007997 B2 JP4007997 B2 JP 4007997B2 JP 2005140673 A JP2005140673 A JP 2005140673A JP 2005140673 A JP2005140673 A JP 2005140673A JP 4007997 B2 JP4007997 B2 JP 4007997B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sulfur
- tank
- modified
- molten
- modified sulfur
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
- C01B17/0243—Other after-treatment of sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C9/00—General arrangement or layout of plant
- B28C9/02—General arrangement or layout of plant for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/02—Conditioning the material prior to shaping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/46—Arrangements for applying super- or sub-atmospheric pressure during mixing; Arrangements for cooling or heating during mixing, e.g. by introducing vapour
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/46—Arrangements for applying super- or sub-atmospheric pressure during mixing; Arrangements for cooling or heating during mixing, e.g. by introducing vapour
- B28C5/466—Heating, e.g. using steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/0007—Pretreatment of the ingredients, e.g. by heating, sorting, grading, drying, disintegrating; Preventing generation of dust
- B28C7/0023—Pretreatment of the ingredients, e.g. by heating, sorting, grading, drying, disintegrating; Preventing generation of dust by heating or cooling
- B28C7/003—Heating, e.g. using steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C9/00—General arrangement or layout of plant
- B28C9/002—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Making slurries; Involving methodical aspects; Involving pretreatment of ingredients; Involving packaging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/36—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing sulfur, sulfides or selenium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
Description
図1は本発明による改質硫黄固化体製造システムの実施形態を示す図である。この改質硫黄固化体製造システムは、硫黄改質剤で変性した改質硫黄をバインダーとして用いて骨材を固化して土木用又は建設用の資材として利用でき、非危険物扱いとされる改質硫黄固化体を製造するもので、溶融硫黄タンク1と、硫黄改質剤タンク2と、改質硫黄製造タンク3と、細骨材ホットビン4と、改質硫黄中間資材タンク5と、粗骨材ホットビン6と、混練装置7と、打設装置8とを備えて成る。
2…硫黄改質剤タンク
3…改質硫黄製造タンク
4…細骨材ホットビン
5…改質硫黄中間資材タンク
6…粗骨材ホットビン
7…混練装置
8…打設装置
10…第1の熱媒加熱器
11…熱媒体の供給ライン
12…熱媒体の還流ライン
27…骨材計量ホッパ
29…中間資材計量ホッパ
30…噴射パイプ
32…スキップバケット
33…移送用スキップ装置
34…サージビン
35…計量ホッパ
36…型枠
38…資材原料の送出口
39…平板材
40…駆動シリンダ
42…第2の熱媒加熱器
43…熱媒体の供給ライン
44…熱媒体の還流ライン
Claims (2)
- 溶融状態の硫黄を内部に収容すると共に内部の収容物を119℃以上に加温する溶融硫黄タンクと、
上記溶融硫黄を変性する硫黄改質剤を内部に収容する硫黄改質剤タンクと、
上記溶融硫黄タンクからの溶融硫黄と上記硫黄改質剤タンクからの硫黄改質剤とを受け入れて混合し改質硫黄を製造すると共に内部の収容物を119℃以上に加温する改質硫黄製造タンクと、
細骨材を内部に収容すると共に内部の収容物を119℃以上に加温する細骨材ホットビンと、
上記改質硫黄製造タンクからの改質硫黄と上記細骨材ホットビンからの細骨材とを受け入れて混合し改質硫黄中間資材を製造すると共に内部の収容物を119℃以上に加温する改質硫黄中間資材タンクと、
粗骨材を内部に収容すると共に内部の収容物を119℃以上に加温する粗骨材ホットビンと、
上記改質硫黄中間資材タンクからの改質硫黄中間資材と上記粗骨材ホットビンからの粗骨材とを受け入れて混練すると共に内部の混練物を119℃以上に加温する混練装置と、
上記混練装置で混練された資材原料を受け入れて貯蔵し119℃以上に加温すると共に内部の資材原料を計量して型枠に打設する打設装置と、を備えて成り、
上記溶融硫黄タンクから混練装置に至るまでの各装置間を相互に連結する配管系には、内部の流動物を119℃以上に加温する加熱手段を付加した、
ことを特徴とする改質硫黄固化体製造システム。 - 上記打設装置において資材原料を計量する計量ホッパの資材原料を送り出す口の開閉弁は、平板材が往復移動して開閉するゲートバルブとしたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の改質硫黄固化体製造システム。
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005140673A JP4007997B2 (ja) | 2005-05-13 | 2005-05-13 | 改質硫黄固化体製造システム |
KR1020077028999A KR101233690B1 (ko) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-05-12 | 개질유황 고화체 제조시스템 |
PCT/JP2006/309601 WO2006121166A1 (ja) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-05-12 | 改質硫黄固化体製造システム |
DE602006014137T DE602006014137D1 (de) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-05-12 | System zur herstellung von massiven modifizierten schwefelprodukten |
EA200702495A EA012250B1 (ru) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-05-12 | Система для получения отверждённого вещества с преобразованной серой |
AT06746348T ATE466708T1 (de) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-05-12 | System zur herstellung von massiven modifizierten schwefelprodukten |
EP06746348A EP1886781B1 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-05-12 | System for production of solid modified sulfur products |
CN2006800197649A CN101189107B (zh) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-05-12 | 改性硫磺固化体制造*** |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005140673A JP4007997B2 (ja) | 2005-05-13 | 2005-05-13 | 改質硫黄固化体製造システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006315314A JP2006315314A (ja) | 2006-11-24 |
JP4007997B2 true JP4007997B2 (ja) | 2007-11-14 |
Family
ID=37396672
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005140673A Active JP4007997B2 (ja) | 2005-05-13 | 2005-05-13 | 改質硫黄固化体製造システム |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1886781B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4007997B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101233690B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101189107B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE466708T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602006014137D1 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA012250B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006121166A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010029787A1 (ja) | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-18 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 硫黄固化体製品の型枠装置 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4725956B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-01 | 2011-07-13 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 改質硫黄固化体打設装置 |
JP5213492B2 (ja) | 2008-03-25 | 2013-06-19 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 硫黄固化体の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP5164781B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-14 | 2013-03-21 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 硫黄固化体の打設方法及び打設装置 |
JP5399945B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2014-01-29 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 硫黄固化体パネルの製造方法、硫黄固化体パネル及び硫黄固化体パネルの取付方法 |
ITMI20110668A1 (it) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-20 | Claudio Paolo Cecchini | Procedimento per la preparazione di manufatti a base di zolfo |
KR101380789B1 (ko) * | 2012-06-22 | 2014-04-04 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 방청재료, 방청재료의 제조방법, 및 방청코팅막 |
KR101400728B1 (ko) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-05-29 | 신화일렉트론 주식회사 | 유황 고형화 성형물 제조 시스템 |
CN104003688A (zh) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-27 | 聪明太华有限公司 | 硫磺固体化成型物制备***及其制备方法 |
KR101926629B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-12-07 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | 유해 폐기물 고형화 장치 및 방법 |
CN113199593B (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-08-05 | 暨南大学 | 一种通过冷水浴振捣成型法制备高强度改性硫磺混凝土的工艺 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0346626A3 (de) * | 1988-05-13 | 1991-08-07 | Péter Jòzsef | Präparat und Vorrichtung insbesondere zur Herstellung von präfabrizierten Elementen und ähnlichen Produkten |
DK160709C (da) * | 1989-03-10 | 1991-09-16 | Kkkk As | Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af syrefaste svovlbetonroer. |
JPH08318244A (ja) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-12-03 | Ikari Kankyo Kagaku Kenkyusho:Kk | 硫黄固化成形物の製造方法及びその装置 |
JP2000042112A (ja) * | 1998-07-28 | 2000-02-15 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | リラックス装置 |
CN1083807C (zh) * | 1999-05-28 | 2002-05-01 | 中国科学院广州化学研究所 | 水泥混凝土改性的方法 |
JP2001030213A (ja) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-06 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | 硫黄組成物成形品の製造方法 |
JP2004002112A (ja) * | 2002-05-31 | 2004-01-08 | Nippon Oil Corp | 改質硫黄含有資材の製造法及び改質硫黄含有資材 |
JP4040000B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-11 | 2008-01-30 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 硫黄中間資材、硫黄資材及びその製造方法 |
JP4531626B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-13 | 2010-08-25 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 改質硫黄中間資材フレーク製造方法及びその製造システム |
-
2005
- 2005-05-13 JP JP2005140673A patent/JP4007997B2/ja active Active
-
2006
- 2006-05-12 KR KR1020077028999A patent/KR101233690B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-05-12 EA EA200702495A patent/EA012250B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-05-12 WO PCT/JP2006/309601 patent/WO2006121166A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-05-12 AT AT06746348T patent/ATE466708T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-05-12 DE DE602006014137T patent/DE602006014137D1/de active Active
- 2006-05-12 CN CN2006800197649A patent/CN101189107B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-05-12 EP EP06746348A patent/EP1886781B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010029787A1 (ja) | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-18 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 硫黄固化体製品の型枠装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1886781A1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
JP2006315314A (ja) | 2006-11-24 |
WO2006121166A1 (ja) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1886781B1 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
KR101233690B1 (ko) | 2013-02-15 |
CN101189107B (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
EA200702495A1 (ru) | 2008-04-28 |
EA012250B1 (ru) | 2009-08-28 |
EP1886781A4 (en) | 2009-08-05 |
CN101189107A (zh) | 2008-05-28 |
ATE466708T1 (de) | 2010-05-15 |
KR20080021655A (ko) | 2008-03-07 |
DE602006014137D1 (de) | 2010-06-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4007997B2 (ja) | 改質硫黄固化体製造システム | |
JP4040000B2 (ja) | 硫黄中間資材、硫黄資材及びその製造方法 | |
KR101128050B1 (ko) | 이동식 콘크리트 배치 플랜트 | |
US11203879B2 (en) | System and process for delivering building materials | |
JP4725956B2 (ja) | 改質硫黄固化体打設装置 | |
JP2020142400A (ja) | 移動式バッチャープラント | |
EP2332707A1 (en) | Formwork apparatus for solidified sulfur product | |
JP4531626B2 (ja) | 改質硫黄中間資材フレーク製造方法及びその製造システム | |
JP2004002112A (ja) | 改質硫黄含有資材の製造法及び改質硫黄含有資材 | |
JP4553244B2 (ja) | 硫黄含有資材成形体の製造法 | |
US5219222A (en) | Method of mixing particulate materials in a mixing column | |
JP2004189538A (ja) | 多孔質硫黄資材、その製造方法、該資材を用いたブロック及び構造物 | |
JP4815200B2 (ja) | 改質硫黄資材製造装置 | |
JP2007302557A (ja) | 硫黄中間資材およびその製造方法 | |
JP4112338B2 (ja) | 微粉体硬化体の製造方法及び製造装置 | |
AU639204B2 (en) | Compositions of no mix compounds and methods of applying same | |
JP3852675B2 (ja) | 土木・建設用資材の製造方法 | |
WO2003076360A1 (fr) | Procede de production d'un agent de liaison contenant du soufre modifie et procede de production d'un materiau contenant du soufre modifie | |
JP5775834B2 (ja) | 鉄鋼スラグ水和固化体の製造方法および固化する前の鉄鋼スラグ水和固化体の混練物の製造装置 | |
JP4468660B2 (ja) | 海洋構造物の構築方法 | |
BE1023484B1 (nl) | Inrichting voor het vervaardigen van beton | |
JP2005289783A (ja) | 骨材加熱乾燥方法および骨材分離装置 | |
Wallnig et al. | Concrete Technology and Production | |
JP2007008783A (ja) | 景観舗装材及びその製造方法 | |
Weber et al. | Sulfur polymer cement concrete |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070419 |
|
A871 | Explanation of circumstances concerning accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A871 Effective date: 20070508 |
|
A975 | Report on accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971005 Effective date: 20070524 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20070612 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20070731 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20070828 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20070828 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100907 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Ref document number: 4007997 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100907 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110907 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110907 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120907 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130907 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |