JP4004681B2 - Switchgear - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4004681B2
JP4004681B2 JP09823899A JP9823899A JP4004681B2 JP 4004681 B2 JP4004681 B2 JP 4004681B2 JP 09823899 A JP09823899 A JP 09823899A JP 9823899 A JP9823899 A JP 9823899A JP 4004681 B2 JP4004681 B2 JP 4004681B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
conductor
load
side conductor
cover
vacuum vessel
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP09823899A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000294088A (en
Inventor
聖一 宮本
孝行 糸谷
稔正 丸山
俊文 佐藤
稔 小林
知孝 矢野
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/58Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5822Flexible connections between movable contact and terminal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666Operating arrangements
    • H01H2033/6668Operating arrangements with a plurality of interruptible circuit paths in single vacuum chamber
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003Earthing switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高真空に保たれた真空容器内に母線側導体と負荷側導体とを接離する主回路開閉部と、負荷側導体と接地用導体とを接離する接地開閉部とを備えたスイッチギヤに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
母線から受電した電力を、各種の負荷機器又は他の電気室に配電すべく用いられるスイッチギヤ(閉鎖配電盤)は、母線との接続のための母線側導体、負荷等への送電ケーブルとの接続のための負荷側導体等の接続導体、この母線側導体と負荷側導体とを接離する主回路開閉器、負荷側導体を接地する接地開閉器、及び監視制御に必要な制御機器等を、接地金属製の外箱内に配設して構成されている。
この種のスイッチギヤのひとつとして、特開平7−28488号公報には、主回路開閉器及び接地開閉器を接続導体の一部と共に一体化して外箱内に配置し、母線及び送電ケーブルとの接続のみを行えばよい構成にしたスイッチギヤが開示されている。
【0003】
図7は、このスイッチギヤの要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
このスイッチギヤは、絶縁性のSF6ガスが封入されている金属製の容器71の周壁の一部を内外に貫通する送電ケーブル接続用のブッシング72aと、周壁の一部を貫通する母線接続用のブッシング76aとを備えており、容器71の内部に、第1、第2、第3の開閉器73、74、75及び真空バルブ79を配した構成となっている。
【0004】
母線側導体76は、真空バルブ79の内部に構成された図示しない開閉接点、及び第1の開閉器73を介して容器71の周壁の一部に固着された絶縁支持ガラス70aに固定支持された中間導体70に接続されている。この中間導体70により2方向に分岐された各々の分岐路は第2、第3の開閉器74、75を介してブッシング72aに支持された負荷導体72に接続され、この負荷導体72を経て外部の送電ケーブル(図示せず)に接続されている。
【0005】
このスイッチギヤにおいては、容器71の内部にアーク短絡が発生した場合、容器71内に封入されたSF6ガスが、アークエネルギーにより短時間のうちに高温、高圧となって爆発することがあるので、容器71には放圧のための開放弁を設ける必要があり、さらに放圧が完了するまでの間、高圧状態に耐える強度が要求されていた。従って、容器71の構造が複雑化し、製品のコストの上昇を招くという問題点があった。
【0006】
さらに、SF6ガスは環境問題から使用が避けられており、このため、真空状態における高い消弧性及び絶縁性を活かし、主回路開閉部と接地開閉部とを真空容器内に収容する構成にした、図8に示すスイッチギヤが開発された。
このスイッチギヤは、高真空に保持された真空容器94内に、一端部が母線に接続され、他端部が固定電極83aをなす母線側導体83と、外部の送電線に接続された負荷側導体84と、前記固定電極83aに対向させて可動電極86を連結部材95を介して支持する操作ロッド85と、可動電極86の中途に接合された固定部材87と前記負荷側導体84とを接続する可撓導体88とを備えたものである。
母線側導体83は、真空容器94の一端壁をブッシング90を介して貫通させられ、操作ロッド85は、真空容器94の他端壁にベローズ92を介して軸長方向に移動可能に支持され、負荷側導体84は、真空容器94の周壁をブッシング91を介して貫通させられている。母線側導体83の固定電極83aの先端部には固定接点81が、可動電極86の先端部には可動接点82が、それぞれ固着されている。真空容器94の他端壁には操作ロッド85と平行に、ベローズ93を介して接地用導体89が支持されており、その先端部には可動接点89aが設けられ、この可動接点89aと対向する負荷側導体84の周面には固定接点84aが設けられている。
【0007】
操作ロッド85の外側端部は図示しない操作機構に連結されており、操作ロッド85は、この操作機構の動作に応じて軸長方向に移動させられる。接地用導体89も図示しない操作機構により軸長方向に移動させられるようになっている。操作ロッド85の移動が連結部材95を介して可動電極86に伝えられ、可動電極86の先端の可動接点82が固定接点81に接離し、母線側導体83と負荷側導体84との間、即ち、母線と負荷への送電ケーブルとの間にて電流の開閉が行われる。
可動接点82を固定接点81から引き離し、母線側導体83から負荷側導体84への主回路電流を遮断する場合には、安全性確保のため、接地用導体89を図の上方向に移動させて、可動接点89aを負荷側導体84の固定接点84aに接触させる。
【0008】
図8のスイッチギヤは、絶縁特性に優れた真空中で使用されるので、図7のスイッチギヤと比較して部材間に必要な絶縁距離を小さく採ることができ、小型化されている。さらに、真空容器94の内部でアーク短絡が発生した場合においても、真空容器94の内部に気体が存在しないので、前述したアーク短絡爆発につながる恐れがない。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図8のスイッチギヤは以上のように構成されているが、安全性確保のために真空容器が接地されており、母線側導体83又は負荷側導体84と真空容器94との間で絶縁破壊が生じると地絡事故につながるので、耐電圧性能の確保が不可欠とされている。
母線側導体83及び負荷側導体84は通常、銅又は銅合金で構成されており、真空容器94との間の絶縁耐力が低いので、充分な絶縁距離が必要であり、真空容器94が大型のものになる。可撓導体88も導電性の箔又は細線で構成されているので電界が集中し易くなり、耐電圧性を確保するために充分な絶縁距離が必要であり、真空容器94が大型のものになる。
【0010】
本発明は斯かる事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、耐電圧性に優れ、安全性が確保されて、小型化することができるスイッチギヤを提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
第1発明に係るスイッチギヤは、金属製の真空容器内に、先端部に固定電極が設けられた母線側導体と、負荷側導体と、可動電極を支持し、該可動電極を前記固定電極に接離させる操作部材と、前記可動電極の中途部に接合された固定部材と前記負荷側導体とを接続する可撓導体と、その端部に前記負荷側導体の端部を嵌め込んで、前記可撓導体の一部を覆うステンレス鋼製の第1カバーと、その端部に前記固定部材の周面を嵌め込んで、前記可撓導体の一部を覆うステンレス鋼製の第2カバーとを備え、前記第1カバーの一部は、第2カバーにより覆ってあることを特徴とする。
可撓導体は導電性の箔又は細線で構成されているので、電界が集中し易いが、このスイッチギヤにおいては、可撓導体をステンレス鋼製のカバーで覆っているので電界が緩和され、可撓導体と真空容器との間の耐電圧性が向上し、絶縁距離を短くすることができる。
【0012】
第2発明に係るスイッチギヤは、第1発明において、前記母線側導体及び負荷側導体をステンレス鋼製のカバーで覆っている場合の該カバーの外面と、該カバーと対向する金属製の真空容器の内面の一部又は全部とを、ステンレス鋼より導電率の低い物質で覆ってある、又は前記第1カバー及び第2カバーの外面と、該第1カバー及び第2カバーと対向する金属製の真空容器の内面の一部又は全部とを、ステンレス鋼より導電率の低い物質で覆ってあることを特徴とする。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、耐電圧性がさらに向上するので、絶縁距離を短くすることができる。
【0014】
発明に係るスイッチギヤは、金属製の真空容器内に、先端部に固定電極が設けられた母線側導体と、負荷側導体と、可動電極を支持し、該可動電極を前記固定電極に接離させる操作部材と、前記可動電極と前記負荷側導体とを接続する可撓導体とを備え、前記母線側導体、前記負荷側導体、及び前記可撓導体のの一部又は全部、並びに前記母線側導体、前記負荷側導体、及び前記可撓性導体の周面と対向する前記真空容器の内面の一部又は全部を、銅より導電率の低い物質で覆ってあることを特徴とする。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、母線側導体、負荷側導体、及び可撓導体のの一部又は全部、並びに母線側導体、負荷側導体、及び可撓性導体の周面と対向する真空容器の内面の一部又は全部を導電率の低い物質で直接覆うので、可撓導体と真空容器との間の耐電圧性が向上し、絶縁距離を短くすることができる。
【0015】
発明に係るスイッチギヤは、第2又は第3発明において、前記導電率の低い物質が、Ti、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ta、W、又はこれらの炭化物若しくは窒化物であることを特徴とする。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、耐電圧性がさらに向上し、絶縁距離を短くすることができる。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態1.
以下、本発明をその実施の形態を示す図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。
図1は、本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態1の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
このスイッチギヤは、高真空に保たれたステンレス鋼製の真空容器14の内部に、母線側導体3と負荷側導体4との間にて開閉動作を行う主回路開閉器を構成してなる。
銅又は銅合金製の母線側導体3は、真空容器14の一端壁をブッシング10を介して貫通し、外側端部は図示しない母線に接続されている。母線側導体3の内側端部は固定電極3aをなし、この固定電極3aの先端部には固定接点1が固着されている。母線側導体3は、ブッシング10の端面から固定接点1に向かって延びるステンレス鋼製のカバー18によって覆われている。カバー18の端部は、その中央部に設けられた孔に母線側導体3を貫通させた状態でブッシング10の端面に当接している。
銅又は銅合金製の負荷側導体4は、真空容器14の周壁に設けられた負荷側導体導入部14bをブッシング11を介して貫通し、その外側端部は図示しない負荷への送電ケーブルに接続されている。負荷側導体4も母線側導体3と同様に、端部をブッシング11の端面に当接させ、負荷側導体4の先端部に向かって延びるステンレス鋼製のカバー19によって覆われている。
【0018】
真空容器14の他端壁に設けられた操作ロッド導入部14aには、ベローズ12を介して軸長方向へ移動可能に操作ロッド5が支持されており、真空容器14の内側に延びる操作ロッド5の端部には、連結部材15を介し、その先端を前記固定電極3aと略同軸上に突き合わせて、可動電極6が連結されている。可動電極6の先端部には可動接点2が固着されており、可動電極6の中途に接合された固定部材7には、可撓導体8を介して負荷側導体4の内側端部が接続されている。
【0019】
負荷側導体導入部14bの周壁には、操作ロッド導入部14aと平行に、接地用導体導入部14cが設けられており、この接地用導体導入部14cにベローズ13を介して軸長方向へ移動可能に接地用導体9が支持されている。接地用導体9の先端部には可動接点9aが固着されており、負荷側導体4の周面にはこの可動接点9aと対向させて固定接点4aが固着されている。接地用導体9の外側端部は接地されている。
【0020】
操作ロッド5の外側端部は図示しない操作機構に連結されており、操作ロッド5は、この操作機構の動作に応じて軸長方向に移動させられる。接地用導体9も図示しない操作機構により軸長方向に移動させられるようになっている。
【0021】
図1に示した状態から操作ロッド5を図の上方向に移動させることにより、可動接点2は、連結部材15及び可動電極6を介し押圧されて固定接点1に接触して閉路状態が得られる。このとき、負荷側導体4の固定接点4aと接地用導体9の可動接点9aとは引き離した状態にする。図示しない母線からの主回路電流は、母線側導体3、固定接点1及び可動接点2を経て可動電極6に流れ、さらに、固定部材7、可撓導体8及び負荷側導体4を経て図示しない送電ケーブルに送られる。
一方、この閉路状態において、図の下方向に操作ロッド5を移動させることにより、可動接点2が固定接点1から引き離され、開路状態が得られ、母線側導体3から負荷側導体4への主回路電流が遮断される。このとき、接地用導体9を図の上方向に移動させることにより、可動接点9aを負荷側導体4の固定接点4aに接触させて安全性を確保する。
【0022】
この実施形態1のスイッチギヤにおいては、銅又は銅合金製の母線側導体3及び負荷側導体4が銅より導電率の低いステンレス鋼製のカバー18及び19により覆われているので、この母線側導体3,負荷側導体4と真空容器14との間の耐電圧性が向上する。従って、絶縁破壊が防止され、絶縁距離を短くすることができるので、真空容器14を小型化することができる。
【0023】
実施の形態2.
図2は、本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態2の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。図中、図1のスイッチギヤと同一部分は同一符号を付してある。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、母線側導体3にカバー18が隙間なく、ろう付け等により接合されており、負荷側導体4にカバー19が隙間なく、ろう付け等により接合されいる。従って、母線側導体3及び負荷側導体4の機械的強度が向上するので、これらの導体の径を小さくすることが可能になり、さらに真空容器14を小型化することができる。
【0024】
実施の形態3.
図3は、本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態3の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。図中、図1のスイッチギヤと同一部分は同一符号を付してある。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、負荷側導体4の端部をその端部に嵌め込んで、所定長さ、可撓導体8を覆うステンレス鋼製のカバー16と、カバー16より大径であり、その端部に固定部材7の周面を嵌め込んで、可撓導体8及びカバー16の一部を覆うステンレス製のカバー17とを備えている。可撓導体8は導電性の箔又は細線で構成されているため電界が集中し易いが、前記カバ−16及び17により覆われることにより電界が緩和され、耐電圧性が向上する。従って、絶縁距離を短くすることができ、真空容器14を小型化することができる。
【0025】
実施の形態4.
図4は、本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態4の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。図中、図1のスイッチギヤと同一部分は同一符号を付してある。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、前記カバー18の外面及びこれと対向する真空容器14の内面、並びにカバー19の外面及びこれと対向する真空容器14の内面に、高耐電圧物質層20が設けられている。この高耐電圧物質層20は、前記カバー18の外面及び真空容器14の内面に、ステンレス鋼より導電率の低いTi、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ta、W、又はこれらの炭化物若しくは窒化物等をメッキ又は溶射することにより得られる。実施の形態1に係るスイッチギヤと比較して、母線側導体3,負荷側導体4と真空容器14との間の耐電圧性がさらに向上するので、絶縁距離をさらに短くすることができ、真空容器14を小型化することができる。
【0026】
実施の形態5.
図5は、本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態5の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。図中、図1のスイッチギヤと同一部分は同一符号を付してある。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、前記カバー16及び17の外面及びこれと対向する真空容器14の内面に、高耐電圧物質層20が設けられている。この高耐電圧物質層20は、カバー16及び17の外面及びこれと対向する真空容器14の内面に、ステンレス鋼より導電率の低いTi、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ta、W、又はこれらの炭化物若しくは窒化物等をメッキ又は溶射することにより得られる。実施の形態3に係るスイッチギヤと比較して、可撓導体8と真空容器14との間の耐電圧性がさらに向上するので、真空容器14をさらに小型化することができる。
【0027】
実施の形態6.
図6は、本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態6の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。図中、図1のスイッチギヤと同一部分は同一符号を付してある。
このスイッチギヤにおいては、母線側導体3、負荷側導体4及び可撓導体8の周面、並びにこれらと対向する真空容器14の内面に、高耐電圧物質層21が設けられているか。この高耐電圧物質層21は、前記周面及び前記内面に、銅より導電率の低いTi、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ta、W、又はこれらの炭化物若しくは窒化物等をメッキ又は溶射することにより得られる。高耐電圧物質層21が設けられることにより、母線側導体3,負荷側導体4,可撓導体8と真空容器14との間の耐電圧性が向上するので、絶縁距離を短くすることができ、真空容器14を小型化することができる。
【0028】
なお、実施の形態4、5及び6においては、高耐電圧物質としてTi、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ta、W、又はこれらの炭化物若しくは窒化物を使用した場合につき説明しているがこれに限定されるものではなく、他の物質を使用してもよい。但し、耐電圧性を考慮すると上述の物質を使用するのが好ましい。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、第1発明に係るスイッチギヤによれば、導電性の箔又は細線で構成されている可撓導体をステンレス鋼製のカバーで覆っているので電界が緩和され、可撓導体と真空容器との間の耐電圧性が向上する。従って、絶縁距離を短くすることができ、スイッチギヤを小型化することができる。
【0030】
第2発明に係るスイッチギヤによれば、第1発明において、カバーの外面、及びこれと対向する前記真空容器の内面の一部又は全部を、ステンレス鋼より導電率の低い物質で覆っているので、耐電圧性がさらに向上する。従って、絶縁距離をさらに短くすることができ、スイッチギヤをさらに小型化することができる。
【0032】
発明に係るスイッチギヤによれば、母線側導体、負荷側導体、及び可撓導体のの一部又は全部、並びに母線側導体、負荷側導体、及び可撓性導体の周面と対向する真空容器の内面の一部又は全部を導電率の低い物質で直接覆うので、耐電圧性が向上する。従って、絶縁距離を短くすることができ、スイッチギヤを小型化することができる。
【0033】
発明に係るスイッチギヤによれば、導電率の低い物質が、Ti、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ta、W、又はこれらの炭化物若しくは窒化物であり、耐電圧性がさらに向上する。従って、絶縁距離をさらに短くすることができ、スイッチギヤをさらに小型化することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態1の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【図2】 本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態2の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【図3】 本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態3の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【図4】 本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態4の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【図5】 本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態5の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【図6】 本発明に係るスイッチギヤの実施の形態6の要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【図7】 従来のスイッチギヤの要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【図8】 従来のスイッチギヤの要部の構成を示す側断面図である。
【符号の説明】
3 母線側導体、4 負荷側導体、5 操作ロッド、6 可動電極、8 可撓導体、9 接地用導体、14 真空容器、18,19 カバー、20,21 高耐電圧物質層。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes a main circuit opening / closing portion that contacts and separates the bus-side conductor and the load-side conductor and a ground opening / closing portion that contacts and separates the load-side conductor and the grounding conductor in a vacuum vessel maintained in a high vacuum. Related to switchgear.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A switchgear (closed switchboard) used to distribute the power received from the busbars to various load devices or other electrical rooms is connected to the busbar side conductors for connection to the busbars, power transmission cables to the load, etc. Connecting conductors such as load-side conductors, main circuit switches that connect and disconnect the bus-side conductors and load-side conductors, earthing switches that ground the load-side conductors, and control devices necessary for monitoring and control, etc. It is arranged in an outer box made of ground metal.
As one of this type of switchgear, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-28488 discloses that a main circuit switch and a ground switch are integrated with a part of a connection conductor and arranged in an outer box, and are connected to a bus and a power transmission cable. There is disclosed a switchgear that is configured to be connected only.
[0003]
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing the configuration of the main part of the switchgear.
This switchgear includes a bushing 72a for connecting a power transmission cable that penetrates a part of the peripheral wall of a metal container 71 filled with insulating SF6 gas, and a busbar connection part that penetrates a part of the peripheral wall. A bushing 76a is provided, and the container 71 is provided with first, second, and third switches 73, 74, and 75 and a vacuum valve 79.
[0004]
The bus-side conductor 76 is fixedly supported by an insulating support glass 70 a fixed to a part of the peripheral wall of the container 71 via a switching contact (not shown) formed inside the vacuum valve 79 and a first switch 73. It is connected to the intermediate conductor 70. Each branch path branched in two directions by the intermediate conductor 70 is connected to the load conductor 72 supported by the bushing 72a via the second and third switches 74 and 75, and through this load conductor 72 to the outside Connected to a power transmission cable (not shown).
[0005]
In this switchgear, when an arc short circuit occurs inside the container 71, the SF6 gas enclosed in the container 71 may explode at a high temperature and pressure in a short time due to arc energy. The container 71 needs to be provided with an open valve for releasing pressure, and further, the container 71 is required to have a strength to withstand a high pressure state until the releasing pressure is completed. Therefore, there is a problem that the structure of the container 71 is complicated and the cost of the product is increased.
[0006]
Furthermore, the use of SF6 gas is avoided due to environmental problems. For this reason, the main circuit opening / closing part and the ground opening / closing part are configured to be accommodated in a vacuum vessel by taking advantage of high arc extinction and insulation in a vacuum state. The switchgear shown in FIG. 8 has been developed.
This switchgear is connected to a bus-side conductor 83 having one end connected to a bus and the other end forming a fixed electrode 83a, and a load side connected to an external power transmission line in a vacuum vessel 94 maintained at a high vacuum. The conductor 84, the operation rod 85 that supports the movable electrode 86 via the coupling member 95 so as to face the fixed electrode 83a, the fixed member 87 joined to the middle of the movable electrode 86, and the load side conductor 84 are connected. The flexible conductor 88 is provided.
The bus bar side conductor 83 penetrates one end wall of the vacuum vessel 94 through the bushing 90, and the operation rod 85 is supported by the other end wall of the vacuum vessel 94 through the bellows 92 so as to be movable in the axial length direction. The load-side conductor 84 passes through the peripheral wall of the vacuum vessel 94 through the bushing 91. A fixed contact 81 is fixed to the tip of the fixed electrode 83 a of the bus-side conductor 83, and a movable contact 82 is fixed to the tip of the movable electrode 86. A grounding conductor 89 is supported on the other end wall of the vacuum vessel 94 in parallel with the operation rod 85 via a bellows 93. A movable contact 89a is provided at the tip of the conductor 89 and faces the movable contact 89a. A fixed contact 84 a is provided on the peripheral surface of the load-side conductor 84.
[0007]
The outer end of the operation rod 85 is connected to an operation mechanism (not shown), and the operation rod 85 is moved in the axial length direction according to the operation of the operation mechanism. The grounding conductor 89 is also moved in the axial direction by an operating mechanism (not shown). The movement of the operating rod 85 is transmitted to the movable electrode 86 via the connecting member 95, and the movable contact 82 at the tip of the movable electrode 86 contacts and separates from the fixed contact 81, that is, between the bus-side conductor 83 and the load-side conductor 84, that is, The current is opened and closed between the bus and the power transmission cable to the load.
When the movable contact 82 is separated from the fixed contact 81 and the main circuit current from the bus-side conductor 83 to the load-side conductor 84 is interrupted, the grounding conductor 89 is moved upward in the figure to ensure safety. The movable contact 89 a is brought into contact with the fixed contact 84 a of the load side conductor 84.
[0008]
Since the switchgear of FIG. 8 is used in a vacuum having excellent insulating properties, the required insulation distance between the members can be made smaller than that of the switchgear of FIG. Furthermore, even when an arc short circuit occurs inside the vacuum vessel 94, no gas is present inside the vacuum vessel 94, so there is no risk of the arc short circuit explosion described above.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The switch gear of FIG. 8 is configured as described above, but the vacuum vessel is grounded to ensure safety, and insulation breakdown occurs between the bus-side conductor 83 or the load-side conductor 84 and the vacuum vessel 94. If this happens, it will lead to a ground fault, so ensuring withstand voltage performance is essential.
Since the bus-side conductor 83 and the load-side conductor 84 are usually made of copper or a copper alloy and have a low dielectric strength with the vacuum vessel 94, a sufficient insulation distance is necessary, and the vacuum vessel 94 is large. Become a thing. Since the flexible conductor 88 is also composed of conductive foil or thin wire, the electric field is easily concentrated, and a sufficient insulation distance is necessary to ensure voltage resistance, and the vacuum vessel 94 becomes large. .
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a switchgear that is excellent in voltage resistance, secures safety, and can be downsized.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The switchgear according to the first invention supports a bus-side conductor, a load-side conductor, and a movable electrode, each having a fixed electrode provided at the tip thereof, in a metal vacuum vessel, and the movable electrode is used as the fixed electrode. An operation member to be contacted and separated, a fixed member joined to a middle part of the movable electrode, and a flexible conductor that connects the load side conductor, and an end portion of the load side conductor is fitted into the end portion, A first cover made of stainless steel covering a part of the flexible conductor, and a second cover made of stainless steel covering the part of the flexible conductor by fitting the peripheral surface of the fixing member to the end of the first cover. comprising a portion of the first cover is characterized in that are more over the second cover.
The flexible conductor is made of conductive foil or fine wire, so the electric field tends to concentrate. However, in this switchgear, the flexible conductor is covered with a stainless steel cover, so the electric field is relaxed and possible. The withstand voltage between the flexible conductor and the vacuum vessel is improved, and the insulation distance can be shortened.
[0012]
A switchgear according to a second invention is the switchgear according to the first invention, wherein the bus-side conductor and the load-side conductor are covered with a stainless steel cover, and a metal vacuum vessel facing the cover. A part or all of the inner surface of the first cover and the second cover are covered with a material having a lower conductivity than stainless steel , or the first cover and the second cover are made of a metal facing the first cover and the second cover. A part or all of the inner surface of the vacuum vessel is covered with a substance having a lower conductivity than stainless steel.
In this switchgear, the withstand voltage is further improved, so that the insulation distance can be shortened.
[0014]
A switchgear according to a third aspect of the present invention supports a bus-side conductor, a load-side conductor, and a movable electrode, each having a fixed electrode provided at the tip thereof, in a metal vacuum vessel, and the movable electrode is used as the fixed electrode. An operation member to be contacted and separated, and a flexible conductor that connects the movable electrode and the load-side conductor, the busbar-side conductor, the load-side conductor, and a part or all of the peripheral surface of the flexible conductor , And part or all of the inner surface of the vacuum vessel facing the peripheral surface of the bus-side conductor, the load-side conductor, and the flexible conductor is covered with a material having a conductivity lower than that of copper. To do.
In this switchgear, bus side conductor, the load-side conductor, and a part or the whole of the peripheral surface of the flexible conductor, as well as bus side conductor, the load-side conductor, and the peripheral surface opposite to the vacuum vessel flexible conductor Since part or all of the inner surface is directly covered with a substance having low electrical conductivity, the voltage resistance between the flexible conductor or the like and the vacuum vessel is improved, and the insulation distance can be shortened.
[0015]
The switchgear according to a fourth invention is characterized in that, in the second or third invention, the substance having low conductivity is Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ta, W, or a carbide or nitride thereof. To do.
In this switchgear, the voltage resistance is further improved and the insulation distance can be shortened.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof.
1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
This switchgear constitutes a main circuit switch that opens and closes between the bus-side conductor 3 and the load-side conductor 4 inside a stainless steel vacuum vessel 14 maintained at a high vacuum.
The bus-side conductor 3 made of copper or copper alloy penetrates through one end wall of the vacuum vessel 14 via the bushing 10, and the outer end is connected to a bus (not shown). The inner end of the bus-side conductor 3 forms a fixed electrode 3a, and the fixed contact 1 is fixed to the tip of the fixed electrode 3a. The bus-side conductor 3 is covered with a stainless steel cover 18 that extends from the end face of the bushing 10 toward the fixed contact 1. The end portion of the cover 18 is in contact with the end surface of the bushing 10 in a state where the bus-side conductor 3 is passed through a hole provided in the center portion thereof.
The load-side conductor 4 made of copper or copper alloy penetrates the load-side conductor introduction portion 14b provided on the peripheral wall of the vacuum vessel 14 through the bushing 11, and its outer end is connected to a power transmission cable to a load (not shown). Has been. The load-side conductor 4 is also covered with a stainless steel cover 19 extending toward the tip of the load-side conductor 4 with its end abutting against the end surface of the bushing 11, as with the bus-side conductor 3.
[0018]
An operation rod 5 is supported on an operation rod introduction portion 14 a provided on the other end wall of the vacuum vessel 14 so as to be movable in the axial direction via the bellows 12, and the operation rod 5 extending inside the vacuum vessel 14. The movable electrode 6 is coupled to the end of the first electrode through a coupling member 15 with its tip abutted substantially coaxially with the fixed electrode 3a. The movable contact 2 is fixed to the tip of the movable electrode 6, and the inner end of the load-side conductor 4 is connected to the fixed member 7 joined in the middle of the movable electrode 6 through the flexible conductor 8. ing.
[0019]
A grounding conductor introduction part 14c is provided on the peripheral wall of the load-side conductor introduction part 14b in parallel with the operation rod introduction part 14a. The grounding conductor introduction part 14c moves in the axial length direction via the bellows 13. A grounding conductor 9 is supported as possible. A movable contact 9a is fixed to the tip of the grounding conductor 9, and a fixed contact 4a is fixed to the peripheral surface of the load-side conductor 4 so as to face the movable contact 9a. The outer end of the grounding conductor 9 is grounded.
[0020]
The outer end of the operation rod 5 is connected to an operation mechanism (not shown), and the operation rod 5 is moved in the axial length direction according to the operation of the operation mechanism. The grounding conductor 9 is also moved in the axial direction by an operating mechanism (not shown).
[0021]
When the operating rod 5 is moved upward from the state shown in FIG. 1, the movable contact 2 is pressed through the connecting member 15 and the movable electrode 6 to come into contact with the fixed contact 1 to obtain a closed state. . At this time, the fixed contact 4a of the load side conductor 4 and the movable contact 9a of the grounding conductor 9 are separated. A main circuit current from a bus (not shown) flows to the movable electrode 6 via the bus-side conductor 3, the fixed contact 1 and the movable contact 2, and further to a power transmission (not shown) via the fixed member 7, the flexible conductor 8 and the load-side conductor 4. Sent to the cable.
On the other hand, in this closed state, the movable contact 2 is pulled away from the fixed contact 1 by moving the operating rod 5 in the downward direction in the figure, and an open circuit state is obtained, and the main conductor from the bus side conductor 3 to the load side conductor 4 is obtained. Circuit current is interrupted. At this time, by moving the grounding conductor 9 upward in the figure, the movable contact 9 a is brought into contact with the fixed contact 4 a of the load-side conductor 4 to ensure safety.
[0022]
In the switchgear according to the first embodiment, the bus-side conductor 3 and the load-side conductor 4 made of copper or copper alloy are covered with stainless steel covers 18 and 19 having a conductivity lower than that of copper. The withstand voltage between the conductor 3, the load side conductor 4, and the vacuum vessel 14 is improved. Therefore, dielectric breakdown is prevented and the insulation distance can be shortened, so that the vacuum vessel 14 can be reduced in size.
[0023]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of the switchgear according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those of the switchgear of FIG.
In this switchgear, the cover 18 is joined to the bus-side conductor 3 by a brazing or the like without a gap, and the cover 19 is joined to the load-side conductor 4 by a brazing or the like without a gap. Accordingly, since the mechanical strength of the bus-side conductor 3 and the load-side conductor 4 is improved, the diameters of these conductors can be reduced, and the vacuum vessel 14 can be further downsized.
[0024]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of the switchgear according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those of the switchgear of FIG.
In this switchgear, the end portion of the load-side conductor 4 is fitted into the end portion, and has a predetermined length and a stainless steel cover 16 that covers the flexible conductor 8 and a larger diameter than the cover 16. A stainless steel cover 17 that covers the flexible conductor 8 and a part of the cover 16 by fitting the peripheral surface of the fixing member 7 into the portion is provided. The flexible conductor 8 is composed of a conductive foil or thin wire, so that the electric field tends to concentrate. However, by covering with the covers 16 and 17, the electric field is relaxed and the withstand voltage is improved. Therefore, the insulation distance can be shortened and the vacuum vessel 14 can be miniaturized.
[0025]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those of the switchgear of FIG.
In this switchgear, a high withstand voltage material layer 20 is provided on the outer surface of the cover 18 and the inner surface of the vacuum vessel 14 facing it, and on the outer surface of the cover 19 and the inner surface of the vacuum vessel 14 facing it. . The high withstand voltage material layer 20 is made of Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ta, W, or a carbide or nitride thereof having a lower conductivity than stainless steel on the outer surface of the cover 18 and the inner surface of the vacuum vessel 14. It is obtained by plating or spraying. Compared with the switchgear according to the first embodiment, the voltage resistance between the bus-side conductor 3, the load-side conductor 4 and the vacuum vessel 14 is further improved, so that the insulation distance can be further shortened and the vacuum The container 14 can be reduced in size.
[0026]
Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the configuration of the main part of the fifth embodiment of the switchgear according to the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those of the switchgear of FIG.
In this switchgear, a high withstand voltage material layer 20 is provided on the outer surfaces of the covers 16 and 17 and the inner surface of the vacuum vessel 14 facing the covers 16 and 17. The high withstand voltage material layer 20 is formed on the outer surfaces of the covers 16 and 17 and the inner surface of the vacuum vessel 14 facing the same, with Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ta, W, or their carbides having lower conductivity than stainless steel. Alternatively, it can be obtained by plating or spraying nitride or the like. Compared with the switchgear according to the third embodiment, the withstand voltage between the flexible conductor 8 and the vacuum vessel 14 is further improved, so that the vacuum vessel 14 can be further downsized.
[0027]
Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing the configuration of the main part of the sixth embodiment of the switchgear according to the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those of the switchgear of FIG.
In this switchgear, is the high withstand voltage material layer 21 provided on the peripheral surfaces of the bus-side conductor 3, the load-side conductor 4 and the flexible conductor 8, and the inner surface of the vacuum vessel 14 facing them? The high withstand voltage material layer 21 is formed by plating or spraying the peripheral surface and the inner surface with Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ta, W, or a carbide or nitride thereof having a lower conductivity than copper. can get. By providing the high withstand voltage material layer 21, the withstand voltage between the bus bar side conductor 3, the load side conductor 4, the flexible conductor 8 and the vacuum vessel 14 is improved, so that the insulation distance can be shortened. The vacuum vessel 14 can be reduced in size.
[0028]
In the fourth, fifth, and sixth embodiments, the case where Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ta, W, or a carbide or nitride thereof is used as the high withstand voltage material is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Other materials may be used instead. However, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned substances in view of voltage resistance.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the switchgear according to the first aspect of the invention, since the flexible conductor made of conductive foil or fine wire is covered with the stainless steel cover, the electric field is relaxed and the flexible The withstand voltage between the conductor and the vacuum vessel is improved. Therefore, the insulation distance can be shortened and the switch gear can be miniaturized.
[0030]
According to the switchgear according to the second invention, in the first invention, the outer surface of the cover and a part or all of the inner surface of the vacuum vessel facing the cover are covered with a substance having a conductivity lower than that of stainless steel. Further, the voltage resistance is further improved. Therefore, the insulation distance can be further shortened, and the switch gear can be further reduced in size.
[0032]
According to the switchgear according to the third invention, the bus-side conductor, the load-side conductor, and a part or all of the peripheral surface of the flexible conductor , and the bus-bar-side conductor, the load-side conductor, and the peripheral surface of the flexible conductor Since part or all of the inner surface of the opposing vacuum vessel is directly covered with a substance having low conductivity, the voltage resistance is improved. Therefore, the insulation distance can be shortened and the switch gear can be miniaturized.
[0033]
According to the switchgear according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the material having low conductivity is Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ta, W, or a carbide or nitride thereof, and the voltage resistance is further improved. Therefore, the insulation distance can be further shortened, and the switch gear can be further reduced in size.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a switchgear according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a conventional switch gear.
FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a conventional switch gear.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Busbar side conductor, 4 Load side conductor, 5 Operating rod, 6 Movable electrode, 8 Flexible conductor, 9 Grounding conductor, 14 Vacuum container, 18, 19 Cover, 20, 21 High withstand voltage material layer.

Claims (4)

金属製の真空容器内に、先端部に固定電極が設けられた母線側導体と、負荷側導体と、可動電極を支持し、該可動電極を前記固定電極に接離させる操作部材と、前記可動電極の中途部に接合された固定部材と前記負荷側導体とを接続する可撓導体と、その端部に前記負荷側導体の端部を嵌め込んで、前記可撓導体の一部を覆うステンレス鋼製の第1カバーと、その端部に前記固定部材の周面を嵌め込んで、前記可撓導体の一部を覆うステンレス鋼製の第2カバーとを備え、
前記第1カバーの一部は、第2カバーにより覆ってあることを特徴とするスイッチギヤ。
In a metal vacuum vessel, a bus-side conductor provided with a fixed electrode at the tip, a load-side conductor, an operation member that supports the movable electrode, and contacts and separates the movable electrode from the fixed electrode, and the movable A flexible conductor connecting the fixing member joined to the middle part of the electrode and the load-side conductor, and stainless steel that covers the end of the load-side conductor at the end and covers a part of the flexible conductor A first cover made of steel, and a second cover made of stainless steel that covers a part of the flexible conductor by fitting the peripheral surface of the fixing member at an end thereof;
It said portion of the first cover, the switch gear, characterized in that are more over the second cover.
前記母線側導体及び負荷側導体をステンレス鋼製のカバーで覆っている場合の該カバーの外面と、該カバーと対向する金属製の真空容器の内面の一部又は全部とを、ステンレス鋼より導電率の低い物質で覆ってある、又は前記第1カバー及び第2カバーの外面と、該第1カバー及び第2カバーと対向する金属製の真空容器の内面の一部又は全部とを、ステンレス鋼より導電率の低い物質で覆ってあることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスイッチギヤ。When the bus-side conductor and the load-side conductor are covered with a stainless steel cover, the outer surface of the cover and a part or all of the inner surface of the metal vacuum vessel facing the cover are electrically conductive from stainless steel. It is covered with a low rate material, or with the first cover and the outer surface of the second cover, the inner surface of the metallic vacuum vessel facing the first cover and the second cover and a part or the whole, of stainless steel 2. The switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the switchgear is covered with a substance having lower conductivity. 金属製の真空容器内に、先端部に固定電極が設けられた母線側導体と、負荷側導体と、可動電極を支持し、該可動電極を前記固定電極に接離させる操作部材と、前記可動電極と前記負荷側導体とを接続する可撓導体とを備え、前記母線側導体、前記負荷側導体、及び前記可撓導体のの一部又は全部、並びに前記母線側導体、前記負荷側導体、及び前記可撓性導体の周面と対向する前記真空容器の内面の一部又は全部を、銅より導電率の低い物質で覆ってあることを特徴とするスイッチギヤ。In a metal vacuum vessel, a bus-side conductor provided with a fixed electrode at the tip, a load-side conductor, an operation member that supports the movable electrode, and contacts and separates the movable electrode from the fixed electrode, and the movable A flexible conductor connecting the electrode and the load-side conductor, the bus-side conductor, the load-side conductor, a part or all of the peripheral surface of the flexible conductor , and the bus-side conductor, the load side A switchgear characterized in that a part of or all of the conductor and the inner surface of the vacuum vessel facing the peripheral surface of the flexible conductor are covered with a material having a conductivity lower than that of copper. 前記導電率の低い物質が、Ti、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ta、W、又はこれらの炭化物若しくは窒化物であることを特徴とする請求項2又は3記載のスイッチギヤ。The switchgear according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the substance having low conductivity is Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ta, W, or a carbide or nitride thereof.
JP09823899A 1999-04-05 1999-04-05 Switchgear Expired - Fee Related JP4004681B2 (en)

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JP4526717B2 (en) * 2001-02-13 2010-08-18 三菱電機株式会社 Switchgear
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