JP3983098B2 - Membrane diffuser - Google Patents

Membrane diffuser Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3983098B2
JP3983098B2 JP2002131390A JP2002131390A JP3983098B2 JP 3983098 B2 JP3983098 B2 JP 3983098B2 JP 2002131390 A JP2002131390 A JP 2002131390A JP 2002131390 A JP2002131390 A JP 2002131390A JP 3983098 B2 JP3983098 B2 JP 3983098B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
membrane
air
holder
diffuser
partition frame
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002131390A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003320388A (en
Inventor
優治 川瀬
正夫 曽布川
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、下水処理場の曝気槽の底部等に設置されて水中に酸素を供給するメンブレン散気装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
メンブレン散気装置は、合成樹脂膜または合成ゴム膜に多数の小孔を設けた散気膜(メンブレンという)を中空のホルダーに装着したものである。メンブレンは水圧を受けるためその小孔は常時は閉じているが、ホルダーの内部に圧縮空気を供給するとメンブレンが膨らんで小孔が開口し、圧縮空気を微細な気泡として水中に供給することができる。
【0003】
ところがこのようなメンブレン散気装置においては、水中への酸素供給量を増加させようとして空気吹込量を増加させると、図7に示すようにメンブレンの膨らみが大きくなって小孔の開口径も大きくなる。そのため気泡の径も大きくなってしまい、気泡と水との接触面積が相対的に減少し、供給酸素量に対する水中への酸素溶け込み量として定義される酸素移動効率が低下してしまう。従って、空気吹込量を増加させると酸素移動効率が低下するという傾向があった。
【0004】
また、メンブレンはその周囲をホルダーに固定されているので、圧縮空気を供給すると当然に中央部分が大きく膨らみ、中央部分の小孔の開口径が特に大きくなる。そのため周縁部分に比較して中央部分の通気抵抗が小さくなり、圧縮空気は中央部分から集中的に気泡となって流出し、膜面全体を均一発泡させることが難しいという問題もあった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記した従来の問題点を解決し、高い酸素移動効率で膜面全体を均一発泡させることができるメンブレン散気装置を提供するためになされたものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明のメンブレン散気装置は、圧縮空気が供給される空気孔を形成した平板状の底部を有し、周囲に散気板固定用金具を供えた、既設の散気板固定用のホルダーを利用したメンブレン散気装置であって、多数の小孔を有するメンブレンの周囲下面を四角枠に固定したカートリッジ状メンブレンを前記ホルダーの底面に配置し、その上に、圧縮空気によるメンブレンの膨張を抑制する桝目状の仕切り枠を、前記メンブレンとの間に空間を設けて配置し、前記金具をもって、前記仕切り枠の外周枠を押し圧することにより、前記仕切り枠とともにカートリッジ状メンブレンの外周の四角枠を、パッキンを介して前記ホルダーの底面に密着させたことを特徴とするものである。このように、メンブレンが散気板の代わりにホルダーに装着されたものとすれば、既設の散気板をメンブレン散気装置に容易に変換することができる。
【0007】
本発明のメンブレン散気装置は、ホルダーの上部に圧縮空気によるメンブレンの膨張を抑制する仕切り枠を取り付けたものであるから、膨張したメンブレンはこの仕切り枠と接触すると仕切り枠により周囲を固定され、あたかも小区画毎に分割されたメンブレンであるかのように均等に膨張させることができる。その結果、膜面全体を均一発泡させることができ、また気泡径を小さく維持することができるので高い酸素移動効率を達成することができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態を示す。
図1〜図3は本発明の第1の実施形態を示す図であり、図1は断面図、図2は平面図、図3は散気状態の断面図である。これらの図中、1は内部に空気室2を備えた箱状のホルダーであり、空気供給管3を通じて圧縮空気が供給できるようになっている。ホルダー1の天面には形成された空気孔4が形成されている。
【0009】
ホルダー1の上面には、メンブレン5が装着されている。メンブレン5は合成樹脂膜または合成ゴム膜に多数の小孔を設けたものであり、その周囲を額縁状の枠6によってホルダー1の上面に固定されている。メンブレン5の小孔は図1に示す運転停止状態では水圧によって閉じているが、空気室2に圧縮空気が供給されると図3のようにメンブレン5が膨らみ、小孔が開いて水中への散気が行なわれるようになっている。
【0010】
このほか、メンブレン5よりもやや上方位置には仕切り枠7が設けられている。この仕切り枠7は圧縮空気によりメンブレン5が過度に膨張することを抑制するためのもので、運転停止状態におけるメンブレン5よりも2〜10mm程度離れた上方位置に設置されている。この距離はメンブレン5の大きさ(発泡面積)によって変わるものであって、小型のメンブレン5では低く、大型のメンブレン5では高くする。
【0011】
この実施形態では、図2の平面図に示すように仕切り枠7はメンブレン5の上面を16等分する桝目状に形成されている。仕切り枠の開口数は2〜100、好ましくは2〜25とする。後記する実施例に示すように、開口数を増加させるほど散気装置の酸素移動効率は向上するが、25を超えると仕切り枠7により閉鎖される面積が拡大し、実質的な散気面積が次第に減少するので、25までとすることが好ましい。
【0012】
このように構成されたメンブレン散気装置は、図3に示した運転状態では、圧縮空気圧により膨張したメンブレン5が仕切り枠7の下面に接触し、メンブレン5は仕切り枠7の個々の開口部内で膨張することとなる。このためメンブレン5の全体がほぼ均等に膨張することとなり、メンブレン5の小孔が過度に開口することもないので、微細な気泡をメンブレン5の全体から散気することができる。
【0013】
図4は本発明の第2の実施形態を示す図であって、既設の散気板固定用のホルダー10を利用した例を示している。メンブレン11は周囲を四角枠12に固定されたカートリッジ状としてホルダー10内に設置されている。枠12の下面には、パッキン13が一体に設けられている。14はメンブレン11の上方に設置された仕切り枠であり、その周囲を散気板固定用の既存の金具15を利用してボルト16により固定する。これによりパッキン13がホルダー10の底面に密着する。ホルダー10の底部には空気孔17が形成されており、メンブレン11の下面に圧縮空気を供給することができる。
【0014】
このように構成された第2の実施形態のメンブレン散気装置も、メンブレン11の過度の膨張が上方に設置された仕切り枠14によって規制されるので、第1の実施形態と同様に全面から微細な気泡を均一に発泡させることができる。しかもこの第2の実施形態では、既設の散気板固定用のホルダー10及び金具15を利用してメンブレン11と仕切り枠14とを簡便に固定できる利点があり、既設の散気板散気装置を本発明のメンブレン散気装置に容易に置きかえることが可能である。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下に本発明の実施例を示す。
前記した第1の実施形態の構造を有する300×300mmのサイズのメンブレン散気装置を用い、仕切り枠の開口数を変えたときの酸素移動効率の変化を測定した。その結果は図5に示すとおりであり、酸素移動効率は開口数を増やすほど向上した。しかし仕切り枠の開口数を増加させると次第にメンブレン表面が仕切り枠によって覆われることとなるため、有効散気面積が減少する。このため25以上に分割しても水中への酸素移動量自体は却って減少することとなり好ましくない。
【0016】
また図6に、空気吹込量と酸素移動効率との関係を示した。このグラフには、分割数が25、16、9と無分割の4種類が示されている。空気吹込量を10L/分としたときの酸素移動効率は、無分割のものでは15%であるが、25分割とすると19%にまで増加する。また分割数が何れのものも空気吹込量の増加に連れて酸素移動効率は低下するが、分割数の多いものは常に無分割のものよりも高い酸素移動効率を示している。例えば空気吹込量を100L/分まで増加させると、無分割のものでは酸素移動効率は11%付近まで低下するが、25分割したものではなお13%に近い高いレベルを維持している。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明のメンブレン散気装置は、メンブレンよりもやや上方位置に、圧縮空気によるメンブレンの膨張を抑制する仕切り枠を取り付けたものであるから、膨張したメンブレンを仕切り枠と接触させることにより、均等に膨張させることができる。その結果、膜面全体を均一発泡させることができ、また気泡径を小さく維持することができるので高い酸素移動効率を達成することができ、さらに、既設の散気板散気装置を本発明のメンブレン散気装置に容易に置きかえることができる利点がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第1の実施形態のメンブレン散気装置の断面図である。
【図2】図1の平面図である。
【図3】運転状態におけるメンブレン散気装置の断面図である。
【図4】第2の実施形態のメンブレン散気装置の断面図である。
【図5】実施例における仕切り枠の開口数と酸素移動効率との関係を示すグラフである。
【図6】実施例における空気吹込量と酸素移動効率との関係を示すグラフである。
【図7】従来例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ホルダー、2 空気室、3 空気供給管、4 空気孔、5 メンブレン、6 枠、7 仕切り枠、10 既設の散気板固定用のホルダー、11 メンブレン、12 四角枠、13 パッキン、14 仕切り枠、15 金具、16 ボルト、17 空気孔
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a membrane diffuser that is installed at the bottom of an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant and supplies oxygen into water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The membrane diffuser is a device in which a diffuser membrane (referred to as a membrane) provided with a large number of small holes in a synthetic resin membrane or a synthetic rubber membrane is mounted on a hollow holder. Since the membrane receives water pressure, its small holes are always closed, but when compressed air is supplied into the holder, the membrane expands and the small holes open, allowing compressed air to be supplied into the water as fine bubbles .
[0003]
However, in such a membrane diffuser, when the amount of air blowing is increased in order to increase the amount of oxygen supplied to the water, as shown in FIG. 7, the swell of the membrane increases and the opening diameter of the small holes also increases. Become. For this reason, the diameter of the bubbles is increased, the contact area between the bubbles and water is relatively reduced, and the oxygen transfer efficiency, which is defined as the amount of oxygen dissolved in water relative to the amount of supplied oxygen, is reduced. Therefore, there is a tendency that the oxygen transfer efficiency decreases when the air blowing amount is increased.
[0004]
Moreover, since the periphery of the membrane is fixed to the holder, naturally, when compressed air is supplied, the central portion swells greatly, and the opening diameter of the small hole in the central portion becomes particularly large. For this reason, the ventilation resistance at the central portion is smaller than that at the peripheral portion, and compressed air flows out from the central portion as bubbles in a concentrated manner, and it is difficult to uniformly foam the entire membrane surface.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems and to provide a membrane air diffuser capable of uniformly foaming the entire membrane surface with high oxygen transfer efficiency.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The membrane air diffuser of the present invention made to solve the above problems has a flat bottom portion formed with air holes to which compressed air is supplied, and is provided with an air diffuser plate fixing bracket around it. A membrane diffuser using a holder for fixing an existing diffuser plate, and a cartridge-like membrane in which the lower peripheral surface of a membrane having a large number of small holes is fixed to a square frame is disposed on the bottom surface of the holder, A partition wall having a mesh shape that suppresses expansion of the membrane due to compressed air is disposed with a space between the membrane, and the partition frame is pressed by the outer peripheral frame of the partition frame with the metal fitting. In addition, the rectangular frame on the outer periphery of the cartridge-like membrane is closely attached to the bottom surface of the holder through packing . Thus, if the membrane is mounted on the holder instead of the diffuser plate, the existing diffuser plate can be easily converted into a membrane diffuser.
[0007]
Since the membrane diffuser of the present invention is a device in which a partition frame that suppresses expansion of the membrane due to compressed air is attached to the upper part of the holder, the expanded membrane is fixed around the partition frame when it comes into contact with the partition frame, The membrane can be evenly expanded as if it were a membrane divided into small sections. As a result, the entire membrane surface can be uniformly foamed, and the bubble diameter can be kept small, so that high oxygen transfer efficiency can be achieved.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown below.
1 to 3 are views showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in a diffused state. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a box-shaped holder having an air chamber 2 therein, and compressed air can be supplied through an air supply pipe 3. An air hole 4 is formed in the top surface of the holder 1.
[0009]
A membrane 5 is mounted on the upper surface of the holder 1. The membrane 5 is a synthetic resin film or a synthetic rubber film provided with a large number of small holes, and its periphery is fixed to the upper surface of the holder 1 by a frame-like frame 6. The small hole of the membrane 5 is closed by water pressure in the shutdown state shown in FIG. 1, but when compressed air is supplied to the air chamber 2, the membrane 5 expands as shown in FIG. Aeration is performed.
[0010]
In addition, a partition frame 7 is provided at a position slightly above the membrane 5. The partition frame 7 is for suppressing the membrane 5 from being excessively expanded by the compressed air, and is installed at an upper position about 2 to 10 mm away from the membrane 5 in the operation stop state. This distance varies depending on the size (foaming area) of the membrane 5, and is low for the small membrane 5 and high for the large membrane 5.
[0011]
In this embodiment, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the partition frame 7 is formed in a grid shape that divides the upper surface of the membrane 5 into 16 equal parts. The numerical aperture of the partition frame is 2 to 100, preferably 2 to 25. As shown in the examples described later, the oxygen transfer efficiency of the air diffuser improves as the numerical aperture is increased. However, when the numerical aperture exceeds 25, the area closed by the partition frame 7 is expanded, and the substantial air diffused area is increased. Since it gradually decreases, it is preferable to use up to 25.
[0012]
In the membrane diffuser configured as described above, in the operation state shown in FIG. 3, the membrane 5 expanded by the compressed air pressure comes into contact with the lower surface of the partition frame 7, and the membrane 5 is within the individual openings of the partition frame 7. Will expand. For this reason, the entire membrane 5 expands almost uniformly, and the small holes of the membrane 5 do not open excessively, so that fine bubbles can be diffused from the entire membrane 5.
[0013]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example in which an existing diffuser plate fixing holder 10 is used. The membrane 11 is installed in the holder 10 as a cartridge whose periphery is fixed to the square frame 12. A packing 13 is integrally provided on the lower surface of the frame 12. Reference numeral 14 denotes a partition frame installed above the membrane 11, and its periphery is fixed by a bolt 16 using an existing metal fitting 15 for fixing a diffuser plate. As a result, the packing 13 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the holder 10. An air hole 17 is formed in the bottom of the holder 10, and compressed air can be supplied to the lower surface of the membrane 11.
[0014]
Also in the membrane diffuser of the second embodiment configured as described above, excessive expansion of the membrane 11 is restricted by the partition frame 14 installed above, so that it is fine from the whole surface as in the first embodiment. Bubbles can be uniformly foamed. Moreover, the second embodiment has an advantage that the membrane 11 and the partition frame 14 can be simply fixed using the existing diffuser plate fixing holder 10 and the metal fitting 15, and the existing diffuser plate diffuser. Can be easily replaced with the membrane diffuser of the present invention.
[0015]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention are shown below.
Using the membrane diffuser with a size of 300 × 300 mm having the structure of the first embodiment described above, the change in oxygen transfer efficiency when the numerical aperture of the partition frame was changed was measured. The result is as shown in FIG. 5, and the oxygen transfer efficiency was improved as the numerical aperture was increased. However, when the numerical aperture of the partition frame is increased, the membrane surface is gradually covered with the partition frame, so that the effective air diffusion area decreases. For this reason, even if it divides | segments into 25 or more, the oxygen transfer amount itself in water will reduce on the contrary, and is unpreferable.
[0016]
FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the air blowing amount and the oxygen transfer efficiency. This graph shows four types of divisions of 25, 16, 9 and no division. The oxygen transfer efficiency when the air blowing rate is 10 L / min is 15% for the non-divided one, but increases to 19% when the number is 25 divided. In addition, the oxygen transfer efficiency decreases with an increase in the amount of air blown at any number of divisions, but those with a large number of divisions always show higher oxygen transfer efficiencies than those without division. For example, when the air blowing rate is increased to 100 L / min, the oxygen transfer efficiency decreases to about 11% in the case of no division, but the high level close to 13% is maintained in the case of 25 divisions.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the membrane aeration apparatus of the present invention has a partition frame that suppresses expansion of the membrane by compressed air at a position slightly above the membrane, the expanded membrane is used as a partition frame. By making it contact, it can expand | swell equally. As a result, the entire membrane surface can be uniformly foamed, and the bubble diameter can be kept small, so that a high oxygen transfer efficiency can be achieved . there is an advantage that can be easily replaced by a membrane air diffuser.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a membrane air diffuser according to a first embodiment.
2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the membrane diffuser in an operating state.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a membrane diffuser according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the numerical aperture of the partition frame and the oxygen transfer efficiency in the example.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between air blowing amount and oxygen transfer efficiency in an example.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Holder, 2 Air Chamber, 3 Air Supply Pipe, 4 Air Hole, 5 Membrane, 6 Frame, 7 Partition Frame, 10 Holder for Fixing Existing Diffuser Plate, 11 Membrane, 12 Square Frame, 13 Packing, 14 Partition Frame , 15 metal fittings, 16 bolts, 17 air holes

Claims (1)

圧縮空気が供給される空気孔を形成した平板状の底部を有し、周囲に散気板固定用金具を供えた、既設の散気板固定用のホルダーを利用したメンブレン散気装置であって、多数の小孔を有するメンブレンの周囲下面を四角枠に固定したカートリッジ状メンブレンを前記ホルダーの底面に配置し、その上に、圧縮空気によるメンブレンの膨張を抑制する桝目状の仕切り枠を、前記メンブレンとの間に空間を設けて配置し、前記金具をもって、前記仕切り枠の外周枠を押し圧することにより、前記仕切り枠とともにカートリッジ状メンブレンの外周の四角枠を、パッキンを介して前記ホルダーの底面に密着させたことを特徴とするメンブレン散気装置。 A membrane air diffuser using an existing air diffuser plate fixing holder having a flat bottom with air holes to which compressed air is supplied, and provided with an air diffuser plate fixing bracket. The cartridge-like membrane in which the lower peripheral surface of the membrane having a large number of small holes is fixed to a square frame is disposed on the bottom surface of the holder, and a grid-like partition frame for suppressing the expansion of the membrane by compressed air is provided on the cartridge-like membrane. A space is provided between the membrane and the square frame on the outer periphery of the cartridge-like membrane together with the partition frame by pressing the outer peripheral frame of the partition frame with the metal fittings, and the bottom surface of the holder via the packing Membrane diffuser characterized by being closely attached to .
JP2002131390A 2002-05-07 2002-05-07 Membrane diffuser Expired - Fee Related JP3983098B2 (en)

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