JP3965779B2 - Steel for plastic molds - Google Patents

Steel for plastic molds Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3965779B2
JP3965779B2 JP14186098A JP14186098A JP3965779B2 JP 3965779 B2 JP3965779 B2 JP 3965779B2 JP 14186098 A JP14186098 A JP 14186098A JP 14186098 A JP14186098 A JP 14186098A JP 3965779 B2 JP3965779 B2 JP 3965779B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
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steel
plastic
corrosion resistance
mold
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP14186098A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11335782A (en
Inventor
茂夫 菊地
篤雄 江川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、プラスチックの成形用金型、とくにポリ塩化ビニルのような、金型を腐食する傾向のあるプラスチック材料の成形に使用する金型材料として好適な金型用鋼に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
プラスチック成形金型の製造する材料として、耐食性を要求される場合には、JIS鋼のSUS630系、SUS420J2系、あるいは、DIN1・2316鋼(0.38C-16Cr-1Mo-Fe)などが使用されて来た。
【0003】
SUS630系のものは材料費が高い上に、溶体化処理後の被削性が劣り、金型への加工コストも嵩む。 SUS420J2系の鋼は、硬くて加工しにく、しかも耐食性はあまりよくない。 DIN1・2316鋼は、これらJIS鋼よりも被削性は優れているが、耐食性に関しては不満である。 このような次第で、耐食性と被削性とを兼ね備えたプラスチック金型用鋼の出現が要望されていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、このような要望に応え、耐食性と被削性とがバランスよく改善されたプラスチック金型用鋼、とくにプリハードン型のものを提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のプラスチック成形金型用鋼は、重量で、C:0.15〜0.45%、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:2.0%以下、Cr:15.3〜25%、Ni:4.0%以下、Mo:3.0%以下およびN:0.05〜0.20%を含有し、ただしC+N:0.50%未満であって、残部が不可避の不純物およびFeからなる合金組成を有する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のプラスチック成形金型用鋼は、上記の基本的合金組成に加えて、下記の成分の一方または両方を、任意に含有することができる。
【0007】
1)V:1.0%以下、および
2)S:0.4%以下。
【0008】
このプラスチック成形金型用鋼は、プリハードン鋼として、すなわち焼入れ・焼戻した状態で切削加工して金型する材料として好適であって、この場合の硬さは、HRC44以下に調整することが適切である。 それにより、金型の強度を確保する上で必要な硬さを保つとともに、機械加工を支障なく行なうことができる。 とくに好ましい硬さの範囲は、HRC30〜35である。
【0009】
本発明の鋼は、マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼に比較的多量のNを添加した形の合金組成を特徴とする。 適量のNの存在がマルテンサイト系ステンレスの耐食性を高め、しかも他の特性を損なわうことはないという事実の発見が、本発明の基礎にある。 この点を含め、本発明のプラスチック成形金型用鋼の合金組成を上記のように選択した理由を、以下に説明する。
【0010】
C:0.15〜0.45%
マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼の強度を確保するために、Cが少なくとも0.15%存在しなければならない。 一方、プレハードン鋼として使用するためには、Cが0.45%以下でなければならず、これを超えると、焼入れ・焼戻し後の硬さをHRC44以下に調整することは困難である。
【0011】
Si:1.0%以下
Siは鋼の脱酸のため添加する。 1.0%を超えて添加すると靭性を低下させ、鋼が金型用材料として不適当なものになる。
【0012】
Mn:2.0%以下
MnはSiと同様に、脱酸のために添加する。 2.0%を超えると、オーステナイトが残留してマルテンサイト組織が維持できなくなる。
【0013】
Cr:15.3〜25%
いうまでもなく、Crはステンレス鋼とするために必須の元素であって、金型用鋼として十分な耐食性を得るために、15.3%以上の添加を要する。上限25%は、マルチンサイト組織を確保するための限界である。
【0014】
Ni:4.0%以下
鋼の焼入れ性を高く保つ目的で、適量のNiを添加する。 4.0%を超えると、オーステナイト組織が残留してマルテンサイト組織が得難くなる。
【0015】
Mo:3.0%以下
耐食性を向上させるため、CrとともにMoを添加する。 この効果は0.01%程度の少量の添加から認められる。 Moは高価な材料であるから、コストを高くしないよう、3.0%以内の添加に止める。
【0016】
N:0.05〜0.20%、ただしC+N:0.5%未満
上述したように、マルテンサイト系ステンレスに比較的多量のNを存在させることにより、耐食性を効果的に改善することができる。 この事実は、耐食性向上のためにCrやMoの量を増大させるという常套手段をとらないで済むこと、従って被削性を犠牲にしないで済むこと、を意味する。 Nの添加による耐食性改善効果は、0.05%程度の少量から認められる。 0.20%を超える添加は、通常の製鋼手段では困難である。 C+Nを0.5%未満に止めるという条件は、焼入れ・焼戻し時の硬さがHRC44以下であって、プレハードン鋼としての使用が困難にならないように設けたものである。
【0017】
任意に添加する元素は、それぞれ下記の働きがあり、組成範囲の限定理由は次のとおりである:
V:1.0%以下
鋼の強度を高めるので、必要に応じてVを適量添加する。 上限は、機械加工性の観点から定めた。
【0018】
S:0.4%以下
被削性の一層の向上を望むときに、適量添加する。 過大に存在すると靭性を低下させるから、0.4%以内の添加量を選ぶ。
【0019】
【実施例】
表1に示す合金組成のプラスチック金型用鋼を70トン電気炉で溶製し、AOD炉で精錬して、4.6トンのインゴットにした。 これを熱間のプレス加工により金型材とする一方、一部の材料は30mm径の丸棒に熱間圧延し、諸特性を調べるサンプルとした。
【0020】
表 1 重量% 残部Fe

Figure 0003965779
比較例1:DIN1.2316
比較例2:SUS630
比較例3:SUS420J2
【0021】
上記の各鋼を1030℃で焼入れし、600℃で焼戻しした。 それらのサンプルの硬さを測定するとともに、耐食性および被削性を、つぎのようにして評価した。
【0022】
〈耐食性〉
1%HCl水溶液に入れ、室温で24時間浸漬した後、腐食減量を測定する。結果は、比較例1(DIN1.2316)の値を基準値100としたときの、相対値で表した。 数字が小さい方が耐食性が高い。
【0023】
〈被削性〉
下記の条件でドリル切削を行ない、1000mm寿命切削速度を算出する。
工 具: ハイスφ5mm
送 り: 0.13mm/rev.
切削速度: 2〜15m/min.
やはり比較例1を基準にとって、相対値で示した。 数字が大きいほど被削性がすぐれている。
【0024】
表 2
Figure 0003965779
*基準
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明の金型用鋼は、プレハードン硬さが44以下、好ましい実施態様では35以下であって、焼入れ・焼戻し状態で十分に切削加工できる。 耐食性、被削性とも在来の金型用鋼よりすぐれているから、精密な加工を必要とし、かつ腐食性のプラスチック材料の成形、とくに射出成形を行なう金型を製造する材料として好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mold steel suitable as a mold material used for molding a plastic mold, particularly a plastic material such as polyvinyl chloride, which tends to corrode the mold.
[0002]
[Prior art]
JIS steel SUS630 series, SUS420J2 series, or DIN1 / 2316 steel (0.38C-16Cr-1Mo-Fe) has been used as a material for manufacturing plastic molds when corrosion resistance is required. It was.
[0003]
The SUS630 type has a high material cost, is inferior in machinability after the solution treatment, and increases the processing cost to the mold. SUS420J2 steel is hard and difficult to work with, and its corrosion resistance is not very good. Although DIN1 · 2316 steel is superior to these JIS steels in machinability, it is dissatisfied with respect to corrosion resistance. Thus, the appearance of steel for plastic molds having both corrosion resistance and machinability has been demanded.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to meet such demands and provide a steel for plastic molds, particularly a pre-hardened type, in which corrosion resistance and machinability are improved in a well-balanced manner.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Plastic molding die steel of the present invention, in weight%, C: 0.15~0.45%, Si : 1.0% or less, Mn: 2.0% or less, Cr: 15.3 to 25% , Ni: 4.0% or less, Mo: 3.0% or less, and N: 0.05 to 0.20%, provided that C + N is less than 0.50%, the balance being inevitable impurities and Fe It has the alloy composition which consists of.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In addition to the above basic alloy composition, the plastic mold steel of the present invention can optionally contain one or both of the following components.
[0007]
1) V: 1.0% or less, and 2) S: 0.4% or less.
[0008]
This plastic mold steel is suitable as a pre-hardened steel, that is, a material that is cut and hardened in a quenched and tempered state, and the hardness in this case is suitably adjusted to HRC 44 or less. is there. Thereby, while maintaining the hardness required for ensuring the strength of the mold, machining can be performed without any trouble. A particularly preferred hardness range is HRC 30-35.
[0009]
The steel of the present invention is characterized by an alloy composition in which a relatively large amount of N is added to martensitic stainless steel. The discovery of the fact that the presence of an appropriate amount of N increases the corrosion resistance of martensitic stainless steel and does not impair other properties is the basis of the present invention. Including this point, the reason for selecting the alloy composition of the steel for plastic molding of the present invention as described above will be described below.
[0010]
C: 0.15-0.45%
In order to ensure the strength of the martensitic stainless steel, C must be present at least 0.15%. On the other hand, in order to use as pre-hardened steel, C must be 0.45% or less, and if it exceeds this, it is difficult to adjust the hardness after quenching / tempering to HRC44 or less.
[0011]
Si: 1.0% or less Si is added to deoxidize steel. If added over 1.0%, the toughness is lowered and the steel becomes unsuitable as a mold material.
[0012]
Mn: 2.0% or less Mn is added for deoxidation in the same manner as Si. If it exceeds 2.0%, austenite remains and the martensite structure cannot be maintained.
[0013]
Cr: 15.3 ~25%
Needless to say, Cr is an essential element for making stainless steel, and 15.3% or more of addition is required in order to obtain sufficient corrosion resistance as mold steel. The upper limit of 25% is a limit for securing a multi-site organization.
[0014]
Ni: 4.0% or less An appropriate amount of Ni is added for the purpose of keeping the hardenability of the steel high. If it exceeds 4.0%, an austenite structure remains and it becomes difficult to obtain a martensite structure.
[0015]
Mo: 3.0% or less Mo is added together with Cr in order to improve the corrosion resistance. This effect is recognized from the addition of a small amount of about 0.01%. Since Mo is an expensive material, the addition is limited to 3.0% or less so as not to increase the cost.
[0016]
N: 0.05 to 0.20%, but C + N: less than 0.5% As described above, the presence of a relatively large amount of N in the martensitic stainless steel can effectively improve the corrosion resistance. . This fact means that conventional measures of increasing the amount of Cr and Mo are not required to improve corrosion resistance, and therefore machinability is not sacrificed. The effect of improving the corrosion resistance by adding N is recognized from a small amount of about 0.05%. Addition exceeding 0.20% is difficult by ordinary steelmaking means. The condition for stopping C + N to be less than 0.5% is that the hardness at the time of quenching and tempering is HRC44 or less, so that the use as pre-hardened steel is not difficult.
[0017]
The elements added arbitrarily have the following functions, and the reasons for limiting the composition range are as follows:
V: 1.0% or less Since the strength of the steel is increased, an appropriate amount of V is added as necessary. The upper limit was determined from the viewpoint of machinability.
[0018]
S: 0.4% or less When a further improvement in machinability is desired, an appropriate amount is added. If excessively present, the toughness is lowered, so an addition amount within 0.4% is selected.
[0019]
【Example】
Steels for plastic molds having the alloy compositions shown in Table 1 were melted in a 70-ton electric furnace and refined in an AOD furnace to form 4.6-ton ingots. While this was used as a mold material by hot pressing, some materials were hot-rolled into 30 mm-diameter round bars and used as samples for examining various properties.
[0020]
Table 1 wt% balance Fe
Figure 0003965779
Comparative Example 1: DIN 1.2316
Comparative Example 2: SUS630
Comparative Example 3: SUS420J2
[0021]
Each of the above steels was quenched at 1030 ° C. and tempered at 600 ° C. While measuring the hardness of these samples, corrosion resistance and machinability were evaluated as follows.
[0022]
<Corrosion resistance>
After putting in a 1% HCl aqueous solution and soaking for 24 hours at room temperature, the corrosion weight loss is measured. The results are expressed as relative values when the value of Comparative Example 1 (DIN1.2316) is taken as the reference value 100. The smaller the number, the higher the corrosion resistance.
[0023]
<Machinability>
Drilling is performed under the following conditions, and the 1000 mm life cutting speed is calculated.
Tool: High speed φ5mm
Feed: 0.13mm / rev.
Cutting speed: 2-15m / min.
Again, relative values are shown relative to Comparative Example 1 as a reference. The larger the number, the better the machinability.
[0024]
Table 2
Figure 0003965779
* Standard [0025]
【The invention's effect】
The mold steel of the present invention has a prehardened hardness of 44 or less, and in a preferred embodiment of 35 or less, and can be sufficiently cut in a quenched and tempered state. Because it is superior to conventional mold steels in terms of both corrosion resistance and machinability, it requires precision processing and is suitable as a material for producing molds that perform molding of corrosive plastic materials, especially injection molding. .

Claims (4)

重量で、C:0.15〜0.45%、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:2.0%以下、Cr:15.3〜25%、Ni:4.0%以下、Mo:3.0%以下およびN:0.05〜0.20%を含有し、ただしC+N:0.50%未満であって、残部が不可避の不純物およびFeからなる合金組成を有するプラスチック成形金型用鋼。In weight%, C: 0.15~0.45%, Si : 1.0% or less, Mn: 2.0% or less, Cr: 15.3 ~25%, Ni : 4.0% or less, Mo: For plastic molding dies containing 3.0% or less and N: 0.05-0.20%, but C + N: less than 0.50%, the balance being an inevitable impurity and Fe alloy composition steel. 請求項1に記載の合金成分に加えて、V:1.0%以下を含有するプラスチック成形金型用鋼。A steel for plastic molds containing V: 1.0% or less in addition to the alloy components according to claim 1. 請求項1または2に記載の合金成分に加えて、S:0.4%以下を含有するプラスチック成形金型用鋼。A plastic mold steel containing S: 0.4% or less in addition to the alloy components according to claim 1 or 2. 硬さをHRC44以下に調整したプリハードン型のものである請求項1ないし3のいずれかのプラスチック成形金型用鋼。The steel for plastic molds according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steel is a pre-hardened type having a hardness adjusted to HRC44 or less.
JP14186098A 1998-05-22 1998-05-22 Steel for plastic molds Expired - Fee Related JP3965779B2 (en)

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Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE516622C2 (en) * 2000-06-15 2002-02-05 Uddeholm Tooling Ab Steel alloy, plastic forming tool and toughened plastic forming tool
US8808472B2 (en) * 2000-12-11 2014-08-19 Uddeholms Ab Steel alloy, holders and holder details for plastic moulding tools, and tough hardened blanks for holders and holder details
JP4036754B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2008-01-23 松下電器産業株式会社 Polymer electrolyte fuel cell
AT501794B1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2008-06-15 Boehler Edelstahl PLASTIC FORM
JP5235452B2 (en) * 2008-02-28 2013-07-10 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 Martensitic stainless steel for loom parts with excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance and method for producing the steel strip
JP5904409B2 (en) * 2011-09-28 2016-04-13 日立金属株式会社 Manufacturing method of steel materials for molds with excellent toughness
WO2016174500A1 (en) * 2015-04-30 2016-11-03 Aperam Martensitic stainless steel, method for producing a semi-finished product made from said steel and cutting tool produced from said semi-finished product
CN107190210B (en) * 2017-05-25 2019-05-14 湖北东舟重工科技股份有限公司 A kind of plastic die steel and preparation method thereof
SE541151C2 (en) * 2017-10-05 2019-04-16 Uddeholms Ab Stainless steel
CN108559925A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-09-21 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Mould steel and preparation method thereof
CN109207856B (en) * 2018-10-17 2020-04-14 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Nitrogenous plastic die flat steel and production method thereof
CN109266970B (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-11-10 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 High-nitrogen high-chromium plastic die steel and smelting and heat treatment method thereof
CN116904865B (en) * 2023-09-14 2023-12-01 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 Large-specification 3Cr17 plastic die steel and production method thereof

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