JP3954780B2 - Pre-detection method of overheat disconnection in the vicinity of compression joint of aluminum stranded wire - Google Patents

Pre-detection method of overheat disconnection in the vicinity of compression joint of aluminum stranded wire Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3954780B2
JP3954780B2 JP2000223432A JP2000223432A JP3954780B2 JP 3954780 B2 JP3954780 B2 JP 3954780B2 JP 2000223432 A JP2000223432 A JP 2000223432A JP 2000223432 A JP2000223432 A JP 2000223432A JP 3954780 B2 JP3954780 B2 JP 3954780B2
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Prior art keywords
aluminum
stranded wire
wire
detection band
aluminum stranded
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JP2000223432A
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JP2002042576A (en
Inventor
顕博 鈴木
勇輔 佐藤
健夫三 島田
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、電気鉄道の電力供給用に架設されているき電線等の電線として多く用いられているアルミ撚線の圧縮接続部における過熱断線を未然に検知する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電力供給用のアルミ撚線と分岐線等の他の電線との接続が、アルミ圧縮管を用いた圧縮接続である場合に、この接続部の近傍位置で、断線事故が度々生じている。これは、圧縮接続部に生じる電気抵抗による熱で、アルミ撚線が溶断されることが原因であると考えられてきた。このような断線事故を未然に防ぐために、アルミ圧縮管の表面に、温度を表示する示温ラベルを貼付し、その不可逆的な色の変化を定期的に点検することが行われている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、アルミ圧縮管の過熱を伴わない場合でも、アルミ圧縮管の近傍位置の一部の外層アルミ素線の過熱、破断が引き金となってアルミ撚線全体の破断に進行するプロセスの存在を本発明者らが確認した。このような断線事故を未然に防止するため、一部の外層素線の過熱を検知する必要が生じる。ところが、アルミ撚線の圧縮接続部付近の電気抵抗による温度上昇は、素線毎に異なって生じ、かつ、どの素線が最も高温となるかは偶発的であるため、個々の素線の過熱を効率よく検知する必要がある。
従って、本発明は、事前に素線を特定することが困難なアルミ撚線の圧縮接続部付近の電気抵抗による個々のアルミ素線の過熱を効率よく確実に検知する方法を提供することを目的としている。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明においては、アルミ撚線1とこれに接続される分岐線2のような他の電線とにアルミ圧縮管3を被せて一体に圧縮接続した圧縮接続部付近における過熱断線を未然に検知するため、アルミ圧縮管3の少なくとも一端部付近のアルミ撚線1の外周に低融点素材から成る検知バンド11を巻き、アルミ撚線1の素線4の過熱による検知バンド11の溶断を契機としてアルミ撚線1の過熱を検知する方法を採用する。検知バンド11は、多数の素線4に接触し、個々の素線4の過熱を監視できる。
検知バンド11のアルミ撚線1上への取付位置は、素線4の温度上昇が集中的に生じやすいアルミ圧縮管3の一端部から5cm乃至10cm離れた位置が適当である。
検知バンド11は、融点70゜C乃至150゜Cの合成樹脂製とし、これが接触する何れかの素線4の過熱によって確実に溶断するようにする。
具体的には、検知バンド11の溶断によるアルミ撚線1からの脱落を目視で確認することにより、あるいは、検知バンド11の溶断で電気信号を生じさせ、この電気信号により、アルミ撚線1の断線を未然に検知する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。図1はアルミ撚線と分岐線との圧縮接続部を示す概略的正面図、図2は図1におけるII−II拡大断面図である。
【0006】
図1には、アルミ撚線1から成るき電線と、分岐線2とをアルミ圧縮管3で一体に圧縮接続した接続部が示してある。発明者らは、これまでの研究によって、アルミ撚線の断線が、アルミ圧縮管3の端部から数センチメートル程度離れた位置で生じやすいとされていたアルミ撚線の断線プロセスが、以下のようであるとの知見を得た。
【0007】
即ち、電流は、主として、アルミ撚線1の最外層を経て、アルミ圧縮管3を通り、分岐線2へ流れるものと考えられるが、各部材の劣化とともに、アルミ撚線1の最外層と、アルミ圧縮管3との間の電気抵抗(接触抵抗)に、アルミ素線4毎に差が生じる。そして、抵抗の比較的低い素線4aの電流密度が高まり、当該素線4aがジュール熱で過熱して破断する。この場合、アルミ撚線1の電流は、アルミ圧縮管3に近づくに従って内層から外層寄りに移転し、最外層の素線4の電流密度(発熱量)がアルミ圧縮管3の直近で最大になるが、アルミ圧縮管3の直近では、熱容量の大きなアルミ圧縮管3に熱が吸収されて温度上昇が抑制される現象が伴うために、結果として、アルミ圧縮管3の端部から数センチメートル程度離れた位置における温度上昇が最大となり易く、ここで素線4の過熱破断が生じやすい。そして、個々の素線4の破断プロセスの繰り返しにより、破断本数が増加し、これに振動、動揺による繰り返し応力と張力の作用が加わって、アルミ圧縮管の端部から数センチメートル程度離れた位置でアルミ撚線1全体の断線が発生する。
【0008】
そこで、発明者らは、アルミ圧縮管3の端部から数センチメートル程度離れた位置での一部のアルミ素線4の異常過熱を検知することにより、断線プロセスを初期段階で検知し、アルミ撚線1全体の破断を未然に防止することに想到した。本発明においては、アルミ素線4の異常過熱を、アルミ撚線1の外周に巻いた検知バンド11の溶断により検知する。即ち、最外層の何れかの素線4の温度が、検知バンド11の素材の融点を超えた時点でバンド11が溶断されることを利用するものある。検知バンド11の巻き止め位置は、アルミ圧縮管3の端部から5cm乃至10cm離れた位置が最適である。
【0009】
アルミ素線4は、300゜C乃至400゜Cの温度で破断が生じ、また150゜C以上の温度では、時間とともに機械的強度が弱まっていくことから、検知バンド11の素材として、融点70゜C乃至150゜C程度の樹脂を選定すれば、熱によってアルミ素線4の機械的強度が損なわれる前に、検知バンド11が破断する。この破断現象により、過熱を事前に検知することができる。素線4aの過熱により溶断された検知バンド11は、重力により架空アルミ撚線1から離脱して落下するから、点検時にこれを目視により確認して対応することができる。
【0010】
必要に応じて、検知バンド11に機構部を保持させ、落下に連動して機構部を動作させて旗などの目印を飛び出させ、視認性を高めることができる。また、検知バンド11に導電性塗料を塗布するなどして電気的導通を得ておき、破断時にこの導通を絶って警報装置に動作信号を発するようにする等、検知バンド11の破断を電気信号発生の契機として電気的に自動警報するように構成することもできる。
【0011】
なお、本発明は図示の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば、これをアルミ撚線同士の圧縮接続部にも適用することができるし、アルミ撚線の用途は電車線路用のみでなく一般電力用であってもよい。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明においては、アルミ撚線1とこれに接続される分岐線2のような他の電線とにアルミ圧縮管3を被せて一体に圧縮接続したアルミ圧縮管3の少なくとも一端部付近のアルミ撚線1の外周に、低融点素材から成る検知バンド11を巻き、アルミ撚線1の素線4の過熱による検知バンド11の溶断を契機として、アルミ撚線1の過熱を検知する方法を採用したため、最外層の多数の素線4に接触する検知バンド11で、個々の素線4の過熱を効果的に確実に監視し、安全を確保することができるという効果を有する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】アルミ撚線と分岐線との圧縮接続部を示す概略的正面図である。
【図2】図1におけるII−II拡大断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 アルミ撚線
2 分岐線
3 アルミ圧縮管
4 素線
4a 過熱した素線
11 検知バンド
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for detecting an overheat disconnection in a compression connecting portion of an aluminum stranded wire that is often used as an electric wire such as a feeder installed for supplying electric power to an electric railway.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When the connection between the aluminum stranded wire for power supply and another electric wire such as a branch wire is a compression connection using an aluminum compression pipe, disconnection accidents frequently occur in the vicinity of this connection portion. This has been considered to be caused by the fact that the aluminum stranded wire is melted by heat due to the electric resistance generated in the compression connection portion. In order to prevent such a disconnection accident, a temperature indicating label indicating the temperature is affixed to the surface of the aluminum compression tube, and the irreversible color change is periodically inspected.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even when the aluminum compression pipe is not overheated, the existence of a process that proceeds to breakage of the entire aluminum stranded wire triggered by overheating and breakage of some outer layer aluminum strands in the vicinity of the aluminum compression pipe. The inventors confirmed. In order to prevent such disconnection accidents, it becomes necessary to detect overheating of some outer layer strands. However, the temperature rise due to the electrical resistance in the vicinity of the compression connection part of the aluminum twisted wire is different for each strand, and it is accidental which strand is the hottest, so each strand is overheated. Must be detected efficiently.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently and reliably detecting overheating of individual aluminum wires due to electrical resistance in the vicinity of a compression connection portion of an aluminum twisted wire, for which it is difficult to specify the wires in advance. It is said.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, an overheat disconnection is detected in the vicinity of a compression connection portion in which an aluminum compression tube 3 is covered with an aluminum stranded wire 1 and another electric wire such as a branch wire 2 connected thereto and integrally compressed. Therefore, a detection band 11 made of a low melting point material is wound around the outer periphery of the aluminum stranded wire 1 at least near one end of the aluminum compression tube 3, and the detection band 11 is melted due to overheating of the strand 4 of the aluminum stranded wire 1. A method of detecting overheating of the stranded wire 1 is adopted. The detection band 11 is in contact with a number of strands 4 and can monitor overheating of the individual strands 4.
A suitable position for mounting the detection band 11 on the aluminum stranded wire 1 is a position 5 cm to 10 cm away from one end of the aluminum compression tube 3 where the temperature rise of the strand 4 is likely to occur intensively.
The detection band 11 is made of a synthetic resin having a melting point of 70 ° C. to 150 ° C., and is surely blown by overheating of any of the strands 4 in contact with the detection band 11.
Specifically, an electrical signal is generated by visually confirming that the detection band 11 has fallen off from the aluminum stranded wire 1 or by fusing the detection band 11. Detect disconnection in advance.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a compression connecting portion between an aluminum stranded wire and a branch wire, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
[0006]
FIG. 1 shows a connecting portion in which a feeder wire made of an aluminum twisted wire 1 and a branch wire 2 are integrally compression-connected by an aluminum compression tube 3. The inventors of the present invention have conducted an aluminum stranded wire disconnection process, which has been considered to be likely to occur at a position about several centimeters away from the end of the aluminum compression tube 3 according to previous studies. The knowledge that it seems to have been obtained.
[0007]
That is, the current is considered to flow mainly through the outermost layer of the aluminum stranded wire 1, through the aluminum compression tube 3, and to the branch line 2, but with the deterioration of each member, the outermost layer of the aluminum stranded wire 1, A difference occurs in the electrical resistance (contact resistance) between the aluminum compression tube 3 for each aluminum wire 4. Then, the current density of the wire 4a having a relatively low resistance is increased, and the wire 4a is overheated by Joule heat and is broken. In this case, the current of the aluminum stranded wire 1 is transferred from the inner layer toward the outer layer as it approaches the aluminum compression tube 3, and the current density (heat generation amount) of the outermost element wire 4 becomes maximum immediately near the aluminum compression tube 3. However, in the immediate vicinity of the aluminum compression pipe 3, there is a phenomenon in which heat is absorbed by the aluminum compression pipe 3 having a large heat capacity and the temperature rise is suppressed. As a result, about a few centimeters from the end of the aluminum compression pipe 3 The temperature rise at the distant position is likely to be maximized, and the strand 4 is likely to be overheated. Then, the number of fractures increases due to the repetition of the fracture process of the individual wires 4, and the position of a few centimeters away from the end of the aluminum compression tube due to the addition of repeated stress and tension due to vibration and shaking. Thus, the entire aluminum stranded wire 1 is disconnected.
[0008]
Therefore, the inventors detect the disconnection process at an initial stage by detecting an abnormal overheating of a part of the aluminum wire 4 at a position about several centimeters away from the end of the aluminum compression pipe 3. The inventors have conceived to prevent breakage of the entire stranded wire 1. In the present invention, abnormal overheating of the aluminum wire 4 is detected by fusing the detection band 11 wound around the outer periphery of the aluminum stranded wire 1. That is, it utilizes the fact that the band 11 is blown when the temperature of any of the strands 4 in the outermost layer exceeds the melting point of the material of the detection band 11. The detection band 11 is optimally held at a position 5 cm to 10 cm away from the end of the aluminum compression tube 3.
[0009]
The aluminum wire 4 breaks at a temperature of 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., and the mechanical strength decreases with time at a temperature of 150 ° C. or higher. If a resin having a temperature of about ° C to 150 ° C is selected, the detection band 11 is broken before the mechanical strength of the aluminum element wire 4 is impaired by heat. By this breaking phenomenon, overheating can be detected in advance. Since the detection band 11 melted by overheating of the wire 4a is detached from the overhead aluminum stranded wire 1 due to gravity and dropped, it can be checked by visual inspection at the time of inspection.
[0010]
If necessary, the mechanism part can be held by the detection band 11, and the mechanism part can be operated in conjunction with the fall to make the mark such as a flag pop out, thereby improving the visibility. In addition, the detection band 11 is electrically broken by applying a conductive paint or the like to the detection band 11 and breaking the detection band 11 to generate an operation signal by breaking the conduction at the time of breakage. It can also be configured such that an electrical automatic alarm is triggered as a trigger for occurrence.
[0011]
The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, the present invention can be applied to a compression connecting portion between aluminum stranded wires, and the use of the aluminum stranded wire is not limited to a train line. It may be for general power.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, at least one end of the aluminum compression pipe 3 that is integrally compression-connected by covering the aluminum compression pipe 3 and another electric wire such as the branch line 2 connected thereto with the aluminum compression pipe 3. A detection band 11 made of a low melting point material is wound around the outer periphery of the aluminum stranded wire 1 near the section, and the aluminum stranded wire 1 is detected as being overheated by the fusing of the detection band 11 due to overheating of the strand 4 of the aluminum stranded wire 1 Therefore, the detection band 11 in contact with a number of the outermost strands 4 has an effect that the overheating of the individual strands 4 can be effectively and reliably monitored to ensure safety.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a compression connection portion between an aluminum stranded wire and a branch wire.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Aluminum twisted wire 2 Branch wire 3 Aluminum compression tube 4 Wire 4a Overheated wire 11 Detection band

Claims (4)

アルミ撚線とこれに接続される他の電線とにアルミ圧縮管を被せて一体に圧縮接続した圧縮接続部付近における過熱断線を未然に検知するための方法であって、
前記アルミ圧縮管の一端部から5 cm 乃至10 cm 離れた位置のアルミ撚線の外周に低融点素材から成る検知バンドを巻き、アルミ撚線の素線の過熱による検知バンドの溶断を契機としてアルミ撚線の過熱を検知することを特徴とする方法。
It is a method for detecting in advance an overheat disconnection in the vicinity of a compression connection portion in which an aluminum compression pipe is covered with an aluminum stranded wire and another electric wire connected thereto and is integrally compressed and connected,
A detection band made of a low-melting-point material is wound around the outer periphery of an aluminum stranded wire at a position 5 cm to 10 cm away from one end of the aluminum compression tube, and aluminum is triggered by fusing of the detection band due to overheating of the strand of the aluminum stranded wire. A method characterized by detecting overheating of a stranded wire.
前記検知バンドが、融点70゜C乃至150゜Cの合成樹脂製であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。  The method according to claim 1, wherein the detection band is made of a synthetic resin having a melting point of 70 ° C to 150 ° C. 前記検知バンドの溶断による前記アルミ撚線からの脱落を目視で確認することによりアルミ撚線の断線を未然に検知することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。  The method according to claim 1, wherein disconnection of the aluminum stranded wire is detected in advance by visually confirming that the detection band is detached from the aluminum stranded wire. 前記検知バンドの溶断により電気信号を生じさせ、この電気信号によりアルミ撚線の断線を未然に検知することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。  The method according to claim 1, wherein an electric signal is generated by fusing the detection band, and the disconnection of the aluminum stranded wire is detected in advance by the electric signal.
JP2000223432A 2000-07-25 2000-07-25 Pre-detection method of overheat disconnection in the vicinity of compression joint of aluminum stranded wire Expired - Fee Related JP3954780B2 (en)

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