JP3934161B2 - 強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法 - Google Patents
強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、一般的に、吻合の生成、患部組織の除去後の縁の閉鎖、および/または、個々の血管の結紮と分割をするために、ステープル、クリップ等の外科用留め具を施すための装置に関する。さらに詳細には、本発明は、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させて、引き続いて起こる組織の断裂、手術部位からの体液の漏出、手術部位内への異物の侵入を防止することを目的として、外科用留め具装着装置上に外科用綿撒糸材料品を配置するための装置および方法に関する。
II.従来技術の説明
外科用留め具装着装置は、使用の容易さと、潅流特性の向上と、従来の手作業の縫合方法を上回る癒合の改善とのために、時間と共にますます広く普及している。一般的に、こうした外科用留め具装着装置は、その装置が作動した時に、1つ以上の外科用留め具を対象身体組織内に食い込ませて外科用留め具縫合線を形成するように、体組織を選択的に収斂させて体組織の長さを圧縮することが可能である、並置される作用面を有する1対の協働顎部材を含む。本明細書で使用される場合には、術語「外科用留め具縫合線」は、糸、腸線等の使用を含意しておらず、その代わりに、ステープル、クリップ等のような外科用留め具の使用によって線に沿って身体組織の2つの表面または縁部を接合することを示すことが意図されている。外科用留め具縫合線の形成を行うために、一方の顎部材には、互いに横方向に離間されている少なくとも2つの外科用留め具列を有する留め具カートリッジが備えられ、一方、他方の顎部材には、上記カートリッジ内の外科用留め具列と位置合わせされている留め具閉鎖凹みおよび/または結合保持要素が備えられている。外科用留め具装着装置の使用の一例が肺整復手術に見いだされ、この場合には、外科用留め具装着装置が、健康な組織と患部組織との間の縁において肺組織の断面を貫通する形で、互いに狭い間隔を置いた複数の外科用留め具列を互い違いに配置するために使用される。次に、外科用留め具の一番外側の列に沿って切り取ることによって、または、個々の外科用留め具列の間の組織を分割することによって、肺の患部が切除されることが可能である。
従来技術の外科用留め具装着装置は、留め具カートリッジとアンビルカートリッジとがその中を通して対象身体組織の付近の位置に送り込まれることが可能である様々な開閉機構を使用する。例えば、Greenに対する米国特許第4,354,628号と、Foslien他に対する米国特許第5,141,144号は、その顎部材が連結ピンを中心として互いに開いてその間に対象身体組織を受け入れる開状態と、その顎部材が対象身体組織上に圧縮された状態で互いに概ね平行に配置されている閉状態との間を延びている、旋回可能な形で取り付けられている顎部材を有する、外科用留め具装着装置を開示している。広く使用されている別の開閉機構が、Greenに対する米国特許第4,568,009号と、Greenに対する米国特許第4,508,253号とに開示されており、この機構では、個々の顎部材が常に互いに概ね平行に維持され、かつ、外科用留め具装着装置を開閉するように顎部材を直線移動させて互いに近づけたり引き離したりするためのアクチュエータが備えられている。外科用留め具装着装置は、外科用留め具縫合線を段階的に形成するように外科用留め具を連続的に装着する形に、または、外科用留め具装着装置の1回の射出で外科用留め具縫合線を形成するように全ての外科用留め具を同時に装着する形に、設計されることが可能である。
従来技術の外科用留め具装着装置は、設計と構成の両方において広範囲にわたる様々な異なった外科用留め具を使用することも可能である。例えば、外科用留め具が、従来通りのステープルおよび/または2ピース結合留め具の形態をとることが可能であり、金属材料および/または非金属樹脂材料で作られることが可能である。Greenに対する米国特許第4,520,817号は、従来通りのステープルの使用を開示しており、この場合には、ステープルの脚が組織内に打ち込まれ、アンビル内に形成された凹みによって締め付けられて、その脚を折り曲げて組織内にステープルを留める。カートリッジ内に配置されている留め具部材とアンビル内に配置されている保持器部材とを含む2ピース外科用留め具が、Green他に対する米国特許第5,156,614号に開示されており、この留め具では、留め具部材の脚が組織内に打ち込まれ、対象身体組織に留め具を留めるために保持器部材と結合させられる。外科用留め具は、典型的には、体内に恒久的に残留する生物学的に不活性な金属で作られているが、生物学的に吸収可能な外科用留め具も公知であり、その使用が検討されている。同様に、非金属の樹脂材料で作られた外科用留め具は、生物学的に吸収可能であるか、または、不活性でかつ恒久的である。
外科用留め具装着装置の使用は、伝統的な手作業の縫合を上回る改善をもたらすが、個々の処置の後に、ある程度の組織の断裂と体液の漏出とが外科用留め具縫合線に沿って生じる可能性があるという点で、共通の欠点が存在する。特に、外科用留め具縫合線に関連した通常の圧力と応力とに耐久することが不可能である患部組織および/または衰弱した身体組織を取り扱う時には、組織断裂が特に起こりやすく、深刻な問題となる可能性がある。体液漏出は、典型的には、対象身体組織の間の接触区域の欠如があるために、または、外科用留め具が貫通する場所での身体組織の拡延のために、身体組織が不適切に圧縮されている外科用留め具縫合線に沿った区域から生じる。この点において、外科用留め具が身体組織を断裂させる度合いと、体液が身体組織の断裂部を通して漏出するのを許される度合いとを最少限に抑えるように、外科用留め具縫合線を補強するための様々な努力がこれまでに払われてきた。
こうした体液漏出と組織断裂とを克服するための試みの1つは、身体組織の圧縮部分の間の接触区域を増加させるために外科用ステープルの形状とパターンを改変することを伴っている。この手法は外科用留め具縫合線の強度を増強する上では効果的であるが、この手法が注文製作の外科用留め具および/または注文製作の外科用留め具装着装置の使用を必要とし、したがってこの手法の実現には高いコストを要するという点に、大きな欠点がある。外科用留め具列のサイズおよび/または数量を増大させることによって、外科用留め具装着装置のサイズも大型化されなければならず、このためにその装置の有用性が制限されるという点に、さらに別の欠点が存在する。手術区域に対するアクセスのために外科用留め具装着装置の頭部が非常に小さな直径のトロカールを通過することが必要とされるので、最少侵襲性手術または腹腔鏡手術に携わる場合には、上記欠点が特に問題となる。一定の区域内の外科用留め具の個数を増加させればさせるほど、カートリッジ内の外科用留め具をアンビル内の留め具閉鎖凹みおよび/または結合保持要素と位置合わせする作業がますます困難で面倒なものになるという点に、別の潜在的な欠点が存在する。
外科用留め具縫合線に沿った体液漏出と組織断裂とを克服するための他の試みは、外科用留め具と対象身体組織との間に外科用綿撒糸材料品を配置することに焦点を当ててきた。この手法は、幾つかの理由から有利である。まず第1に、この手法は、身体組織の圧縮部分の間の接触区域を増加させるために外科用留め具縫合線に沿ってより均一に圧力を分布させ、それによって、外科用留め具縫合線に沿った体液漏出の傾向を低減させる。第2に、上記手法は、身体組織と外科用留め具との間に構造的支持体を加えることによって組織断裂の発生の減少をもたらし、それによって、外科用留め具縫合線の全体的な構造的一体性を増強する。第3に、外科用綿撒糸材料が、外科用留め具縫合線を通って漏出するあらゆる体液を吸収するように選択されることが可能である。最後に、この方法は、外科用留め具のパターンまたは形状を変更することなしに体液漏出と断裂とを減少させるという目標を達成し、それによって、カートリッジ内の外科用留め具をアンビル内の留め具閉鎖凹みおよび/または保持要素と位置合わせする際の面倒がさらに増すことを回避する。
Trumbull他に対する米国特許第5,263,629号は、こうした努力の1つを代表しており、この特許文献では、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるためにその上に外科用綿撒糸材料が配置されている、使い捨てのアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジが提供されている。しかし、米国特許第5,263,629号の装置および方法は、強化された縫合線を実現するという点では効果的であるが、使い捨ての留め具カートリッジおよびアンビルを用いる外科用留め具装着装置の使用にだけ改善が限定されているという点に、重大な欠点がある。使い捨てのアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジへのこうした制限は、恒久的なすなわち非使い捨てのアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジ部分を有するタイプの外科用留め具装着装置のような他のタイプの外科用留め具装着装置を改造する可能性を実際上は制限し、それによってその発明の適用範囲と融通性とを制限するという点で、不利である。さらに、こうした使い捨てのアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジは外科用綿撒糸材料を収容するために特別に製作されなければならず、このことは、理解できるように、注文製作のアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジ部分を製作するための材料と工具類と労力とに関して、ならびに、アンビルと留め具カートリッジの上に外科用綿撒糸材料を配置して固定することに関して、この外科用留め具装着装置を使用することに関連したコストを増大させる。
Gravenerに対する米国特許第5,441,193号は、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を形成するためのさらに別の試みを示している。所期の目標を達成するために、外科用留め具装着装置のアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジ部分が身体組織上で閉じられる時に対象身体組織を一緒に偏倚させるように、縦軸線に沿って凹状の形状を有する弾性材料シートがアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジ部分の一方または両方に付着させられている。しかし、この構成に関しては、湾曲した弾性シートがアンビルおよび留め具カートリッジ部分の上に適切に配置されることを確実なものとするために、十二分に注意が払われなければならないという点に欠点がある。最適の性能を確保するためには、上記弾性シートの湾曲した下側表面の頂点または中心が外科用留め具の平面内に直接的に位置合わせされなければならないので、湾曲弾性シートの位置決めが特に重要である。さらに明確に述べれば、不適切な位置合わせは、上記シートの湾曲した下側表面の中心線から外れて弾性材料を外科用留め具が貫通することを引き起こし、したがって対象身体組織を効果的に偏倚させる湾曲シート材料の能力を低下させる可能性がある。当業者は、このような対象身体組織を偏倚させる能力の欠除が、体液漏出と組織断裂を低減させる上では適切とは言えない外科用留め具縫合線を結果的にもたらすということを認識し理解することだろう。カートリッジ、アンビルおよび湾曲弾性材料が注文製作されなければならないという理由から、さらには、カートリッジ部分内とアンビル部分内とに各々に配置されている外科用留め具および/または保持要素の各々のラインと上記湾曲下側表面の頂点とが同一平面内にあるように上記弾性材料を固定するために正確な位置決めが必要とされるので、コストの観点からも上記手法は不利である。
強化された外科用留め具縫合線を提供するためのさらに別の不適切な試みが、Carroll他に対する米国特許第5,397,324号に開示されている。この参照例は1対の可撓性の体内吸収性または非吸収性のパッドを有する外科用留め具装着装置を開示しており、同パッドは、アンビルと留め具カートリッジとの間で対象身体組織を位置決めする間、留め具カートリッジ上に拘束された状態で保持されており、カートリッジから射出された外科用留め具が上記パッドと身体組織とを貫通してアンビルで曲げられるように取り外し可能である。しかし、この構成に関しては、留め具カートリッジのアンビル係合面と、上記パッドを保持するための横方向に互いに離れていて軸方向に延びるリップを有する1対の張出しアーム部材とによって部分的に界接されている、キー溝スロットの形状を有する溝の中に、上記可撓性パッドが拘束かつ取り外し可能に保持されているという点に、重大な欠点が存在する。この装着の方法は、外科用留め具装着装置の射出時にアンビルから上記可撓性パッドが取り外されることを効果的に可能にするが、この構成は、それにもかかわらず、上記張出しアームを有する留め具カートリッジを製作するために行われなければならない注文製作のために、不利である。この注文製作は、こうした装置と方法を実現するためのコストを増大させる。さらに、上記方法は、この方法を使用し利用するために改造されることが可能である外科用留め具装着装置の種類を制限する。
Cooper他に対する米国特許第5,503,638号は、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を形成するためのさらに別の努力を代表している。この特許では、その互いに平行な側部の間にフィラメント縫合によって取り外し可能な形で取り付けられている外科用綿撒糸を有する、U字形支持部材(buttress member)を提供することが開示されている。U字形支持部材の側部上に外科用綿撒糸を配置することが、その外科用綿撒糸が留め具カートリッジの並置表面とアンビルと共に概ね同一平面内に維持されるように、留め具カートリッジまたはアンビルの上をスリップする寸法にされている縦方向のルーメンを形成する。その場合、上記カートリッジとアンビルとが身体組織の一部分の上で圧縮されることが可能であり、かつ、外科用綿撒糸材料と身体組織とを通して外科用留め具を打ち込んで外科用綿撒糸材料を身体組織に取り付けるために、外科用留め具装着装置が作動させられる。外科用綿撒糸材料の間に身体組織を挟んだ後に、外科用綿撒糸材料から支持部材を自由にし、それによって支持部材と切除患部組織とが縫合前に患者から取り除かれることを可能にするように、フィラメント縫目が取り除かれる。この発明の支持部材は任意の特定のサイズに形成されることが可能であり、したがって、この手法は、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるために外科用綿撒糸材料を使用するあらゆるタイプの外科用留め具装着装置を用意する上で、非常に効果的である。しかし、この手法は、外科用留め具が身体組織に装着された後に、上記縫目と支持部材を取り除く段階を必要とする。
したがって、従来技術における上記欠点を克服する、強化された縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法の必要性が存在する。さらに明確に述べれば、注文製作の外科用留め具および/または注文製作の外科用留め具装着装置を必要とせず、それによってコストを削除する、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法が必要とされている。この装置および方法は、さらに、一定の区域内の外科用留め具の個数を増加させることを必要とせず、それによって、カートリッジ内の外科用留め具をアンビル内の留め具閉鎖凹みおよび/または結合保持要素と位置合わせすることに関連した負担を最少限に抑えるものでなければならない。さらに、装置のサイズを増加させる必要がなく、それによって、あらゆるタイプとサイズの外科用留め具装着装置に対して上記手法が極めて広範囲の適用可能性を有することを可能にする、強化された縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法が必要とされている。さらに、使い捨ておよび非使い捨てのアンビルおよびカートリッジを有する両方の外科用留め具装着装置を改造するために使用されることが可能である、上記方法および装置を生み出すことが必要とされている。さらに、注文製作の使い捨てアンビルおよびカートリッジを必要とせず、それによって、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を形成するためのコストを低減させる、上記装置および方法の必要性も存在する。カートリッジおよび/またはアンビルに外科用綿撒糸材料を極めて正確に配置することを必要としない上記装置および方法を提供することも所望されるであろう。最後に、アンビルおよびカートリッジに外科用綿撒糸材料を保持するための縫合の使用を必要とせず、かつ、留め具の装着後に手術部位から取り除かれなければならない支持部材の使用を必要としない、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することが有利だろう。
発明の要約
したがって、本発明の第1の目的は、注文製作の外科用留め具および/または注文製作の外科用留め具装着装置を必要とせず、したがってコストを削除する、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することである。
本発明の別の目的は、一定の領域内の外科用留め具の個数を増加させることを必要とせず、したがって、カートリッジ内の外科用留め具をアンビル内の留め具閉鎖凹みおよび/または結合保持要素と整列させることに関連した煩わしさを最少限に抑える、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することである。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、外科用留め具装着装置のサイズに係わらずに極めて広範囲の適用可能性を有し、したがって、より大型の医療用ステープラから最少侵襲性腹腔鏡手術で使用するためのより小型の装置にいたるあらゆるタイプとサイズの外科用留め具装着装置に対して本発明が使用されることを可能にする、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することである。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、使い捨ておよび非使い捨てのアンビルおよびカートリッジの両方を有する外科用留め具装着装置を改造することが可能である、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することである。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、注文製作の使い捨てアンビルおよびカートリッジを必要とせず、したがって、改善され強化された外科用留め具縫合線を提供することに関連したコストを低減させる、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することである。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、外科用綿撒糸材料品と外科用留め具の各列および/または留め具カートリッジ部分とアンビル部分の保持部材との間の正確な整列の有無に無関係に適正に機能する、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することである。
本発明のさらに別の目的は、縫合の使用なしに、または、留め具を留めた後に手術部位から取り除かれなければならない支持部材を使用せずに、上記カートリッジおよび/またはアンビルに隣接した位置に上記外科用綿撒糸材料を保持する、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供することである。
本発明では、上記目的と利点とが、整列手段と、圧力等化手段と、少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品とを含む、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を外科用留め具装着装置に提供させるための装置を提供することによって実現される。前記整列手段は、少なくとも一つの案内溝と受容領域とを有し、前記少なくとも一つの案内溝は前記受容領域と連通して配置されている。前記圧力等化手段は、前記位置合わせ手段の受容領域内に配置されている。前記少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品は、前記圧力等化手段と並置関係で前記受容領域内に配置されると共に前記少なくとも1つの案内溝と概ね共に整列されるように配置されている。
本発明の別の主要な側面では、前記目的が、整列手段と、少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品と、圧力等化手段と、前記少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を前記外科用留め具装着装置に一時的に留めるための手段とを含む、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面に対する、外科用綿撒糸材料品の装着を容易にするための外科用キットを提供することによって実現される。前記少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品は、前記外科用留め具装着装置の作用面の形状を概ね補完する形状を有する。前記外科用留め具装着装置の作用面との接触の間、前記少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品に付与される圧力を支持及び均等化するために、前記圧力等化手段が前記整列手段内に配置されている。
本発明の別の主要な側面では、保持器手段と、外科用留め具装着装置の作用面に前記少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を取り外し可能に取り付けるための手段とを含む、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置が提供される。前記保持器手段が、少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を保持するための手段と、外科用留め具装着装置の作用面を案内して前記少なくとも1つの外科用綿撒糸材料品と接触させるための手段とを有する。
本発明の上記特徴と上記利点とが、以下の本発明の好ましい実施形態の詳細な説明を添付図面とクレームとに関連させながら理解することによって、当業者にとって容易に明らかになるだろう。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図1Aは、保持器アセンブリ10と、整列フレーム18の第1案内溝24内に配置されることになっている第1外科用綿撒糸材料品12と、整列フレーム18の第2案内溝26内に配置されることになっている第2外科用綿撒糸材料品14と、外科用留め具装着装置の並置作用面に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を一時的に付着させるための接着剤16とを含む、本発明の第1の好ましい実施形態の強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置の部分分解組立斜視図である。
図1Bは、第1および第2案内溝24、26の間に配置されている受容区域40を有する整列フレーム18と、整列フレーム18の受容区域40内に配置されている圧力等化部材20とを含む、図1Aの線1B−−1Bに沿って切られた保持器アセンブリ10の断面図である。
図2Aは、本発明の第1の好ましい実施形態による、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が第1および第2案内溝24、26内に各々に配置されている、典型的な外科用留め具装着装置46と保持器アセンブリ10との間の係合の方法を示す斜視図である。
図2Bは、本発明の第1の好ましい実施形態による、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が第1および第2案内溝24、26内に各々に配置されている、図2Aの線2B−−2Bに沿って切られた保持器アセンブリ10の断面図である。
図3Aは、第1の斜切された案内溝124と第2の斜切された案内溝126とこれらの案内溝の間に配置されている受容領域140とを有する整列フレーム118と、整列フレーム118の受容領域140内に配置されている圧力等化部材120とを含む、本発明の第2の実施形態の保持器アセンブリ110を示す斜視図である。
図3Bは、第1および第2の斜切された案内溝124、126の傾斜の特徴を示し、かつ、整列フレーム118の受容領域140内の圧力等化部材120の位置をさらに詳細に示す、図3Aの線3B−−3Bに沿って切られた保持器アセンブリ110の断面図である。
図3Cは、さらに、第1および第2の斜切された案内溝124、126の傾斜の特徴と、整列フレーム118の受容領域140内の圧力等化部材120の位置とを示す、図3Aの線3C−−3Cに沿って切られた保持器アセンブリ110の断面図である。
図4Aから図4Cは、本発明の第2の好ましい実施形態による、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114を各々に受容領域140内から取り外すために、外科用留め具装着装置の第1および第2顎部材148、150が第1および第2の斜切された案内溝124、126と係合する状態を示す、図3Cに示されている断面図と同様の断面図である。
図5は、結合穴142の長さよりも短い長さを有する単一の外科用綿撒糸材料品112が備えられている保持器アセンブリ110を示す、本発明の別の実施形態の斜視図である。
好ましい実施形態の詳細な説明
先ず、図1Aを参照すると、この図には、本発明の第1の好ましい実施形態による強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置の部分分解組立図が示されている。より詳細には、本発明の装置は、保持器アセンブリ10と、第1外科用綿撒糸材料品12と、第2外科用綿撒糸材料品14と、接着剤16とを含む。本発明の好ましい実施形態では、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14は、本出願人の譲受人から入手可能でありかつその商標「PERI−GUARDTR」および「SUPPLE PERI−GUARDTM」で販売されている処理済ウシ心膜を含む。この特定のタイプの材料の使用は、この材料が他の大半の結合組織よりもコラーゲン密度が著しく高くかつグルタルアルデヒドと架橋しているという点で、有利である。処理済ウシ心膜の高い密度が、外科用留め具縫合線の周囲の構造的完全性を増大させ、かつ、外科用綿撒糸材料が外科用留め具の周縁で伸張する度合いを低減させる。グルタルアルデヒドとの架橋は、組織の抗原性を減少させ、それによって、隣接する身体組織との炎症性反応を殆どまたは全く生じさせないので、有利である。本発明の好ましい実施形態は、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14としてウシ心膜を使用するが、ウマ、ヤマアラシ、ヒツジ、および、ヒトの心膜または硬膜と、生体適合性合成外科用綿撒糸材料とを非限定的に含む、他の適切な心膜または硬膜が使用可能であることが、容易に理解されるだろう。
概要を述べれば、本発明は、外科用留め具装着装置の顎部材に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を装備させ、外科用留め具装着装置が、身体組織の一部分の周縁に押し付けられて作動させられる時に、複数の外科用留め具と対象身体組織との間に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を固定的に取り付けるようにすることによって、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるという目標を達成する。第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14をこのように配置することが、縫合線に沿って体液漏出および/または組織断裂が生じる度合いを効果的に最少限に抑える。第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が外科用留め具縫合線に沿ったより均一な圧力分布をもたらし、それによって身体組織の圧縮部分の間の接触区域を増大させるので、体液漏出の傾向が低減させられる。組織断裂の傾向も減少させられるが、これは、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が対象身体組織と外科用留め具との間の付加的な構造的支持を与え、それによって個々の外科用留め具が患部の身体組織および/または衰弱した身体組織を断裂させる傾向を低減させるからである。以下でより詳細に述べられるように、本発明は、Greenに対する米国特許第4,354,628号とFoslien他に対する米国特許第5,141,144号とに開示されている外科用留め具装着装置のような、旋回可能な関係にある顎部材を有する外科用留め具装着装置に限定されず、Greenに対する米国特許第4,568,009号とGreenに対する米国特許第4,508,253号とに開示されている外科用留め具装着装置のような、直線移動可能な顎部材を有する外科用留め具装着装置をも含む、任意の数の外科用留め具装着装置と共に使用するように設計されている。
本発明は、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている顎部材と自動的に整列させられるように、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を保持器アセンブリ10内に取り外し可能に取り付けた状態で配置することによって、強化された縫合線を生成させるために上記外科用留め具装着装置のいずれかを装備することが可能である。図1Aと図1Bを一括して参照すると、これは、整列フレーム18とその内部に配置されている圧力等化部材20とを含む保持器アセンブリ10を提供することによって実現される。整列フレーム18は、概ね平らな外鞘部分22と、第1案内溝24と、第2案内溝26とを含む。外鞘部分22は、概ね平らな上側部材28と、概ね平らな下側部材30と、第1側壁部材32と、第2側壁部材34と、端部壁部材36とを含む。上側部材28と下側部材30とは構造的に概ね同一であり、端部壁部材36の反対側の開放端部38を画定するように第1側壁部材32と第2の側壁部材34と端部壁部材36とに一体的に結合されている。上側部材28と下側部材30とが互いに概ね平行に延びて内側に配置されている受容領域40を画定するように、第1側壁部材32と第2側壁部材34と端部壁部材36とが概ね等しい高さとなっていて、上記受容領域40は、第1および第2側壁部材32、34の内側表面の間を横方向に、上側部材28の内側表面の平面と下側部材30の内側表面の平面との間を垂直方向に、さらに、端部壁部材36の内側表面と開放端部38の平面との間を長手方向に延びている。
第1案内溝24と第2案内溝26とが、外鞘部分22の上側部材28と下側部材30とから各々に延びており、外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面と保持器アセンブリ10との係合を調整するような寸法にされている。より詳細には、第1案内溝24は、上側部材28内に形成されている第1結合穴42から概ね垂直方向1に延びており、一方、第2案内溝26は、下側部材30内に形成されている第2結合穴44から概ね垂直方向に延びている。以下でより詳細に述べられるように、外科用留め具装着装置が保持器アセンブリ10に押し付けられとき、第1案内溝24と第2案内溝26とが外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面を自動的に方向付けて、その作用面を第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14と接触させるようにして、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が第1および第2結合穴42、44と概ね整列して受容領域40内に整列される。これは、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が所望の適正な態様で外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面に常に装着されるように、特定の外科用留め具装着装置と保持器アセンブリ10との間の一貫した係合方法を効果的に確保する。これは、外科用留め具装着装置上に外科用綿撒糸材料を適正に配置するための骨の折れる労力を負うことなく強化された縫合線を生成させるように、従来技術の外科用留め具装着装置を医師が迅速かつ容易に改造し、それによって、強化された外科用留め具縫合線の生成に関連したコストを最少限に抑えることを有利な形で可能にする。
示される好ましい実施形態では、圧力等化部材20が受容領域40内にスライド可能に受容されることができるように、圧力等化部材20が上記受容領域40と実質的に同一の寸法を有するように形成されている。この構成では、圧力等化部材20が受容領域40内に配置されている時に、圧力等化部材20の少なくとも一部分が第1および第2結合穴42、44を通して露出させられている。圧力等化部材20が、フォームプラスチック、ゴム、および/または、類似の属性を有するあらゆる種類の適切な材料のような、変形可能でかつ弾性のある基体から作られることが好ましい。以下でさらに説明されるように、外科用留め具装着装置が閉じられて、外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面を各々に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14と接触させる時に、圧力等化部材20の変形可能でかつ弾性を有する性質が、外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面と第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14との間のより均一な圧力分布をもたらすので、この圧力等化部材20の変形可能でかつ弾性のある性質は本発明にとって重要である。こうした均一な圧力分布をもたらすことによって、圧力等化部材20は、保持器アセンブリ10の周縁で外科用留め具装着装置を閉じる段階の最中に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が上記並置されている作用面の形状と輪郭とにより容易に適合することを確実なものにする。さらに、圧力等化部材20の弾性は、整列フレーム18の受容領域40内で第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を取り外し可能に付勢する働きをする点で、有利である。
上記のように、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14は、各々に第1案内溝24と第2案内溝26と概ね整列されているように受容領域40内に配置されるように設計されている。このように構成されることによって、外科用留め具装着装置が第1案内溝24と第2案内溝26内に各々に整列される時に、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が自動的に外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている顎部材と整列させられる。第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の各々が第1および第2結合穴24、26の各々よりも僅かに大きい周囲境界を有するように第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を形成することによって、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が整列フレーム18内に保持される。言い換えれば、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が、その外側周縁が各々に第1および第2結合穴42、44を越えて延びることができるように設計されている。受容領域内に配置されると、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の外側周縁が、圧力等化部材20と、外鞘部分22の上側部材28と下側部材30の内側表面との間に挟持される。このように挟持されることは、この場合も同様に、圧力等化部材20の弾性に起因しており、この弾性が第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の周縁に対して付勢力を及ぼし、保持器アセンブリ10内に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を効果的に保持する。したがって、この構成では、保持器アセンブリ10は、圧力等化部材20がその内部に配置されている整列フレーム18を含む。
本発明による強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させる外科用留め具装着装置を用意するためには、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が保持アセンブリ10から取り外されて外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面上に一時的に置かれることが可能であるように、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14と外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面との間に取り外し可能な結合を形成するための手段を備えなければならない。上記好ましい実施形態では、これは、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の外向き表面に塗付される接着剤16の使用によって実現されている。有効量の接着剤16を塗付の後、外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面が第1および第2案内溝24、26の中に各々に配置され、接着剤を塗付させた第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14に押し付けられて接触する。外科用留め具装着装置が、所定の時間にわたって、この閉じた位置に維持され、その後で、整列フレーム18から引き離されて、受容領域40内から第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14と共に圧力等化手段20を取り外させる。外科用留め具装着装置が前の押し付けられていた位置から開かれる時に、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面に取り外し可能に取り付けらたままになっていると共に、圧力等化部材20が第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の間から取り外されることが可能となるように、接着剤16は第1および第2の外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14と外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面との間に十分な結合を形成する。次に、外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面が本発明による強化された外科用留め具縫合線を形成するべく身体組織の一部分の周縁に配置されるように、外科用留め具装着装置に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が完全に装着させられる。
本発明の好ましい実施形態においては、接着剤16は、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、プロピレングリコール、および、水を含み得る粘着性の液体物質であるが、必ずしもそれらに限定されるわけではない。この液体の性質により、接着剤16が第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14に塗付される一方、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が特定の医療手順の直前に受容領域40内に保持される。処理済ウシ心膜と組み合わせて使用される時には、こうした粘着性の液体物質が幾つかの重大な機能を果たす。まず第1に、接着剤16中の水が処理済ウシ心膜内に吸い込まれ、それによって第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の可撓性と柔軟性とを増大させる。これは、外科用留め具装着装置が第1および第2の外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14に押し付けられる時に、その並置されている作用面の形状と輪郭に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14がより容易に適合することを可能とさせる。液体ベースの接着剤を使用することによる別の利点は、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を柔軟化することによって、外科用留め具を第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14内に貫入させる時に、接着剤16が第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14に亀裂が生じる可能性を減少させるということである。
図2Aおよび図2Bを参照すると、本発明は十分に外科用留め具装着装置46と共に使用され得るものとして示されている。この条件においては、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12および14は受容領域40内に取り外し可能に配置され、第1および第2案内溝24、26と概ね整列されている。より詳細には、第1外科用綿撒糸材料品12はその周縁が圧力等化部材20と外鞘部分22の上側部材28の内側面との間に挟持されるように受容領域40内に長手方向に配置される一方、第2外科用綿撒糸材料品14も同様にその周縁が圧力均等化部材20と外鞘部分22の下側部材30の内側面との間に挟持されるように受容領域40内に配置されている。第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の露出されて外側を向く面には、接着剤16が塗付される。この配置構成において、外科用留め具装着装置46は強化された縫合線を提供すべく簡潔かつ迅速に用意され得るが、これは、(1)第1および第2顎部材48、50を第1および第2案内溝24、26内に夫々係合し、(2)第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を圧縮すべく第1および第2顎部材48、50を締め付けて圧力等化部材20と接触せしめ、(3)外科用留め具装着装置と整列フレーム18とを相互から離間引張することにより、受容領域40内から圧力等化部材20ならびに第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を取り外し、(4)第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が第1および第2顎部材48および50の並置されている作用面に一時的に取り付けられるように外科用留め具装着装置46を開くことにより行われる。
典型的な配置構成においては、第1顎部材48は少なくとも2個の横方向に離間されている留め具列を有する留め具カートリッジを備える一方、第2顎部材50には、該カートリッジにおける留め具列と整列された留め具閉鎖凹みおよび/または結合保持要素を有するアンビルが備えられている。必ずしも限定されるものではないが、使用される外科用留め具は、金属および/または非金属樹脂材料から構成された従来のステープルおよび/または2ピース結合留め具を含み得る。従来のステープルと共に使用するとき、本発明は、第2顎部材50内に形成された凹みにより把持される前に、第1外科用綿撒糸材料品12、対象身体組織、および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品14を貫通して外科用留め具装着装置46がステープルの脚を打ち込むことにより第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を対象身体組織の各側に留めることを保証する。2ピース外科用留め具に関しても本発明は同様に、第2顎部材50内に配置された保持部材と係合する前に、第1外科用綿撒糸材料品12、対象身体組織、および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品14を貫通して留め具の脚が打ち込まれることにより、圧縮された身体組織の回りに第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を留めることを保証する。従って、外科用留め具装着装置46は、身体組織部分上に第1および第2顎部材48、50を単に閉じると共に外科用留め具装着装置46を作動させて第1顎部材48から留め具を打ち込むことにより身体組織部分を第1および第2の外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14間に挟持することにより、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成し得る。
本発明の比較的に簡素な構成は好適なものである、と言うのも、それは幾つかの迅速かつ容易な手法のひとつにより、保持器アセンブリ10内へ第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を装填する能力を提供するからである。例えば、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14は、圧力等化部材20が整列フレーム18の受容領域40内に挿入されると同時に装填されても良く、代替的には、第1および第2の外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が整列フレーム18内への圧力等化部材20の挿入に引続いて装填されても良い。また、第1および第2の外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14は整列フレーム18内に圧力等化部材20が挿入されつつあるのと同時に装填されても良く、これは、単に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を圧力等化部材20のいずれかの側に配置すると共にこの組合物の全体を受容領域40内に滑動させて挿入することにより第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が夫々第1および第2案内溝24、26と概ね共に整列するようにして行われる。第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14は圧力等化部材20が整列フレーム18内に配置された後に保持器アセンブリ10内に配置され得るが、これは、単に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14の周縁を、圧力等化部材20と、整列フレーム18の上側および下側部材28、30との間に夫々押し込み、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が第1および第2案内溝24および26と夫々整列するようにして行われる。
本発明の重要な側面において、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14は、採用された特定の装填手順に関わらず、第1および第2案内溝24、26と概ね共に整列させられることができる。これは、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14が第1および第2結合穴42、44の周縁よりも大きな周縁を有するように材料品12、14のサイズを決めることで可能となる。換言すると、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14は両者ともに、第1および第2結合穴42、44の長さおよび幅を越える長さおよび幅を有して形成される。第1および第2結合穴42、44よりも大きな周縁形状を第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14に与えることの主な利点は、受容領域40内に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を配置するときに必要な精度を効果的に減少させることである。それほど正確な位置決めを必要としないということは、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を付勢して整列フレーム18の外鞘部分22と接触させるという圧力等化部材20の能力を損なうこと無く結合穴42、44の中心線から僅かにずれた状態で第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を配置することを余分な幅および長さが許容する、という事実に由来するものである。これは、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品12、14を保持器アセンブリ10に配備するために費やすべき時間および作業の量を好適に減少し、本発明の全体コストを最小化するものである。
図3A〜図3Cを参照すると、本発明の第2の好ましい実施形態の保持器アセンブリ110が示されている。図3Aは、整列フレーム118および圧力等化部材120を備えた保持器アセンブリ110の斜視図である。第1の好ましい実施形態と同様に、第2の好ましい実施形態の整列フレーム118は、外鞘部分122と、該外鞘部分122の一方側に形成された第1結合穴142から概ね直角に延びる第1案内溝124と、外鞘部分122の他方側に形成された第2結合穴144から概ね直角に延びる第2案内溝126とを含んでいる。外鞘部分122は、概ね平坦な上側部材128、概ね平坦な下側部材130、第1側壁部材132、第2側壁部材134、および、結合することにより圧力等化部材120を内部に受容する受容領域140を画定する端部壁部材136を含んでいる。受容領域140は、第1および第2の側壁部材132、134の内側表面の間を横方向に、上側部材128の内側表面の平面と下側部材130の内側表面の平面との間を垂直に、端壁部材136の内側表面と下側部材130の平面との間で長手方向に延びている。図3A〜図3Cを一括的に参照すると、圧力等化部材120は受容領域140内に摺動可能に受容されるような寸法にされているのが分かる。以下で更に述べるように、圧力等化部材120は、受容領域140内に外科用綿撒糸材料を保持する付勢力を付与すべき発泡体などの略々変形可能な弾性材料から構成される。
図3A〜図4Cに示された第2の好ましい実施形態の保持器アセンブリ110と図1A〜図2Bに示された第1の好ましい実施形態の保持器アセンブリ10との間の唯一の相違は、第1および第2案内溝124、126の傾斜特性である。理解されるように、第1および第2案内溝124、126は整列フレーム118の上側および下側部材128、130から概ね直角に延びている。しかしながら、図3Bおよび図3Cを特に参照すると、第1および第2案内溝124、126は各々、上側および下側部材128、130の平面から離れて延びるにつれて横方向外側に傾斜している内部に配置された係合面154を有している。整列フレーム118は好適には、傾斜係合面154が外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている顎部材に接触したときに第1および第2案内溝124、126が横方向外側に撓曲し得るように、プラスチックなどの略々可撓な弾性材料から構成される。
この特徴は、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114上に配置された接着剤116を備えた本発明の第2の好ましい実施形態の保持器アセンブリ110を示す図4A〜図4Cを参照することにより最も良く理解され得る。最初に図4Aを参照すると、第1および第2案内溝124、126は、外科用留め具装着装置の第1および第2顎部材148、150を夫々受け入れるような寸法にされているのが理解される。さらに詳細には、整列フレーム118は、第1および第2顎部材148、150の側縁部が第1および第2案内溝124、126内に受容され得るような寸法とされる。この配置構成において、第1顎部材148の作用面156が第1外科用綿撒糸材料品112と概ね平行に配置される一方、第2顎部材150の作用面158は第2の科用綿撒糸材料品114と概ね平行に配置される。図4Bおよび図4Cは、第1および第2案内溝124、126内において夫々第1および第2顎部材148、150を閉じる間における整列フレーム118の可撓応答を示している。理解されるように、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114に向かう第1および第2顎部材148、150の漸進的締付けにより、第1および第2案内溝124、126は横方向外側に拡張される。この横方向への拡張は図4Cに示された位置まで第1および第2結合穴142、144を漸進的に拡げるが、この位置は、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114が作用面156、158と概ね共に整列され且つ面一となるように作用面156、158と第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114との間に夫々接着剤116が挟持される位置である。第1および第2顎部材148、150はさらに圧縮されて、整列フレーム118から引き離され、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114の間に圧力等化部材120が把持される。圧力等化部材120が受容領域140内から取り外された後、第1および第2顎部材148、150は開かれて、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114間の上記把持位置から圧力等化部材120が取り外される。接着剤116は、作用面156、158上へ第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品112、114を夫々保持するに十分な結合を形成する。
本発明は、保持器アセンブリ、接着剤、および外科用綿撒糸材料品を好都合に使用直前の状態で提供すべく殺菌かつ密封シールされた真空成形プラスチック容器内に好適には提供され得る。好ましい実施形態において、保持器アセンブリは、圧力等化部材が整列フレームの受容領域内に配置されると共に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品が整列フレームの第1および第2案内溝内に配置されるように、製造場所で用意される。この配置構成において、以下の段階を実行することにより、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための外科用留め具装着装置を迅速かつ効率的に用意するために、本発明が使用され得る。(1)殺菌パッケージから保持器アセンブリを取り出し、(2)殺菌パッケージから接着剤チューブを取り出し、(3)保持器アセンブリの第1および第2案内溝内に配置されている第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品上に接着剤を塗付し、(4)並置されている外科用留め具装着装置の各作用面を、保持器アセンブリの第1および第2案内溝と概ね整列させて配置し、(5)接着剤により被覆された第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品上に外科用留め具装着装置の各顎部を閉じることにより圧力等化部材を圧縮し、(6)圧力等化部材をその間に圧縮しながら第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品を整列フレームの受容領域内から取り外すために、外科用留め具装着装置を整列フレームから離し、(7)第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品の間から圧力等化部材を取り外すために、外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている各作用面に第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品が接着されたままで外科用留め具装着装置の各顎部を開き、(8)外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面を、身体組織の指定部分に配置し、(9)外科用留め具装着装置の各顎部材を圧縮関係で対象身体組織回りに閉じ、(10)外科用留め具装着装置を作動させて強化された外科用留め具縫合線を形成し、(11)外科用留め具装着装置の各顎部材を開き、(12)外科用留め具縫合線の部位から外科用留め具装着装置を取り外す。
前記に鑑みた場合、本発明は先行技術で見られた種々の欠点を解決する。より詳細には、本発明は、外科用留め具のタイプおよび/または外科用留め具装着装置の特定形状に関わり無く、任意のタイプの外科用留め具装着装置と共に使用され得る強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための装置および方法を提供する。このようにして本発明は、強化された縫合線を生成させるために注文製作(あつらえ)の外科用留め具および/または注文製作の外科用留め具装着装置を作成する必要性を排除する。本発明はまた、所定領域内の外科用留め具の個数を増加させること無く、強化された外科用留め具縫合線の生成を達成することにより、カートリッジ内の外科用留め具を留め具閉鎖凹みに整列すること且つ/又は結合保持要素をアンビル内に結合させることに伴う負担を最小化する。本発明はまた、注文製作の使い捨てアンビルおよびカートリッジを必要としないことから、改良かつ強化された外科用留め具縫合線の提供に伴うコストを低減させる。本発明はまた、偏倚された付勢表面を有する外科用綿撒糸材料を必要としないことから、外科用綿撒糸材料と、外科用留め具の個々の列および/または留め具カートリッジおよびアンビル部分の保持部材との間の正確な整列に関わらず、適切に機能する。最後に本発明は、留め具の装着に続いて手術部位から除去されねばならない縫合糸および/または支持部材(buttress member)を使用せずに、カートリッジおよび/またはアンビルに隣接する所定の位置に外科用綿撒糸材料を維持することができる。従って、本発明は多数の異なる外科用留め具装着装置に対し、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させる広範な融通性を提供する。外科用留め具縫合線の強化は、改良された血管止血を提供すると共に、肺切除などの場合は、外科用留め具の回りの身体組織の自然拡張を克服して総体的な空気吸蔵(air occlusion)を達成するなどの多くの有用な目的に役立つものである。
本発明は本明細書中において、特許法令に従って、新規な原理を応用して斯かる特殊化された要素を構成かつ使用するに必要な情報を当業者に対して必要に応じて提供するために、相当に詳細に記述されて来た。しかしながら、本発明の範囲から逸脱すること無く、本発明は特に異なる設備および装置によっても実施することが可能であり、且つ、装置詳細および作動手順のいずれにおいても種々の変更が為され得ることは理解される。
例えば、本発明の各整列フレームは外鞘部分の上側部材および下側部材の間に延びる固定された側壁部材および端部壁部材を有する単一物として示されているが、整列フレームが結合且つ/又は枢動関係の複数の別体の部品から形成され得ることは理解される。更に詳細には、案内溝および外鞘部分は選択的に結合されて適切なサイズの整列フレームを形成し得る別体の部材であるような整列フレームを提供することが意図されている。この点に関し、種々のサイズの受容領域を有する複数の外鞘部分と、種々の外鞘部分に対応する複数の圧力等化部材と、種々の外鞘部分と選択的に係合する多数の異なるサイズの案内溝とを含むキットが提供され得る。これは医師に対し、複数の異なるサイズの保持器アセンブリを迅速かつ容易に形成し、任意の個数の外科用留め具装着装置に適合することを効果的に許容する。同様にして、外輪部分の上側部材および下側部材は側部のいずれかにおいてまたは端部壁に沿って枢動関係となるように形成することも十分に予期される。斯かる配置構成においては、外鞘部分の上側部材および下側部材はそれらの間に形成された受容領域内の外科用綿撒糸材料を囲繞すべく選択的に閉じられる。
さらに、上述の好ましい実施形態は保持器アセンブリを使用する直前に塗付されるべき液体系接着剤を必要としていたが、限定的なものとしてでは無く、製造プロセスの間に塗付されるポリアクリルアミドおよび天然ゴムラバー、並びに、使用時に塗付され得るヒドロゲル(hydrogel)および他の類似化合物などのコンタクト接着剤が使用され得ることは容易に理解される。特に製造工程の間に塗付される接着剤に関し、接着剤層上に保護フィルムまたはカバーを提供し、使用前に外科用綿撒糸材料を殺菌状態に保持することも企図される。斯かる保護フィルムを用いれば保持器アセンブリを使用すべく準備する為に必要な時間も減少され得る、と言うのも、ユーザは上述のように第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品に対して手作業で接着剤を塗付する為の時間を費やさないからである。より詳細に述べれば、ユーザは、保持器アセンブリの使用準備を行うべく第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品の接着剤層を利用するために、保護フィルムを単に剥がすだけである。
また、接着剤を第1および第2顎部材の作用面に対して直接的に塗付することにより第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品は外科用留め具装着装置に一時的に取り付けられ得ることも企図されている。この配置構成においては次に外科用留め具が保持器アセンブリの回りで閉じられて、顎部材の作用面と外科用綿撒糸材料との間の必要な一時的結合を形成し、その後に外科用留め具装着装置が開かれて保持器アセンブリから外科用綿撒糸材料が取り外されても良い。
同様にして、外科用留め具装着装置の顎部材に対し、上記作用面へ外科用綿撒糸材料を取り外し可能に取り付ける他の手段を配備することが考えられる。例えば、顎部材に吸気能力を与えて設計し、外科用留め具装着装置が保持器アセンブリ上に閉じられたときに外科用綿撒糸材料と顎部材の作用面との間に吸引結合を形成することが可能である。これは、各顎部材の作用面と流体連通する空気ラインを配備すると共に、外科用綿撒糸材料が保持器アセンブリ内に配置されたときに圧力等化部材により付与される弾性付勢力を克服し得る結合を顎部材の作用面と外科用綿撒糸材料との間に形成するに十分な量の空気を各顎部材の作用面により画成された平面内に吸引することで達成され得る。
図5を参照すると、第1案内溝124内に配置された単一の外科用綿撒糸材料品112を本発明の保持器アセンブリ110に備えることにより、外科用留め具装着装置の一方の顎部材が、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させ得るようにすることも十分に企図されている。また、結合穴142の長さよりも短い長さを有する外科用綿撒糸材料品112を製造し、外科用留め具装着装置の顎部材の作用面が外科用綿撒糸材料品112により部分的に覆われるようにすることも十分に予期される。このことは勿論、図1A〜図2Bに示された第1実施形態および図3A〜図4Cに示された第2実施形態にも当てはまる。しかして、両実施形態において、第1および第2外科用綿撒糸材料品が受容領域内に適切に配置されるように、各外科用綿撒糸材料品は第1および第2結合穴の幅を夫々超える幅寸法を依然として有し得る。
さらに、本発明の好ましい実施形態は整列フレームがプラスチックまたは関連材料から構成されることを限定しているが、本発明の範囲から逸脱すること無く、任意の個数の金属および/またはセラミック物質を使用して整列フレームを形成し得ることは理解される。
Claims (17)
- (a )少なくとも一つの案内溝と、受容領域とを有し、前記少なくとも一つの案内溝が前記受容領域に対して開口している、整列手段と、
(b )前記整列手段の前記受容領域内に配置された圧力等化手段と、
(C )前記圧力等化手段と並置関係で前記受容領域内に配置され且つ前記少なくとも一つの案内溝と概ね整列するように位置している、少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品と、
を備える、外科用留め具装着装置に装備されて強化された外科用留め具縫合線を提供するための装置。 - 前記整列手段は少なくとも一つの結合穴を有する外鞘部分を備え、前記少なくとも一つの案内溝は前記少なくとも一つの結合穴から概ね直角に延びる、請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品は、該少なくともつ一の外科用綿撒糸材料が前記整列手段と前記圧力等化手段との間に取り外し可能に保持され得るように、前記少なくとも一つの結合穴を越えて横方向に延びる周縁を有する、請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの結合穴は前記、外科用留め具装着装置の作用面と概ね同一の幅および長さを有する、請求項2記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの案内溝は、前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面を案内して前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品に接触せしめるような寸法とされている、請求項4記載の装置。
- 前記圧力等化手段は、前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品が前記受容領域内に配置されたときに前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を取り外し可能に付勢して前記整列手段と接触せしめ得る概略変形可能な弾性材料を備える、請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの案内溝は傾斜しており、前記受容領域から離れるにつれて横方向外側に傾いている係合面を有する、請求項1記載の装置。
- 強化された外科用留め具縫合線を生成させるための外科用留め具装着装置の並置されている作用面に対する外科用綿撒糸材料品の装着を容易にするための外科用キットであって、
結合穴から延び前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面を案内する案内溝と、該結合穴に対して開口している受容領域とを備える整列手段と、
前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面の形状と概ね一致する形状を有し、前記整列手段の前記受容領域内に配置され前記案内溝と概ね整列するように位置している少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品と、
前記整列手段の前記受容領域内に配置され、前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面との接触の間、前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品に付与される圧力を支持及び均等化するための圧力等化手段と、
前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面に一時的に留めるための手段と、
を備える、外科用キット。 - 前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品は、宿主適合性を有すべくタンニン酸処理された動物組織からなる、請求項8記載のキット。
- 前記宿主適合性を有するタンニン酸処理された動物組織はウシ心膜である、請求項9記載のキット。
- 前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面に一時的に留めるための前記手段はセルロース系接着剤からなる、請求項8記載のキット。
- 前記案内溝は傾斜しており、該案内溝が前記整列手段の前記結合穴から延びるにつれて横方向外側に傾斜している係合面を有する、請求項8記載のキット。
- 少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を受容し、保持するための受容領域と、該受容領域に開口しており、外科用留め具装着装置の作用面を案内して、前記受容領域内に保持された前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品と接触せしめるための案内溝と、前記受容領域内に配置され、前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品に付与される圧力を均等化させて前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面に前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を均一に装着させるための圧力等化部材とを有する保持器手段と、
前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面に対して前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を取り外し可能に取り付けるための手段と、
を備える、強化された外科用留め具縫合線を提供するための装置。 - 前記少なくとも一つの案内溝は傾斜構造を有する、請求項13記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を前記外科用留め具装着装置の前記作用面に取り外し可能に取り付けるための前記手段は、セルロース系接着剤からなる、請求項14記載の装置。
- 前記圧力等化部材は、前記少なくとも一つの外科用綿撒糸材料品を取り外し可能に付勢して前記受容領域と接触せしめる概略変形可能な弾性材料からなる、請求項13記載の装置。
- 前記保持手段は整列手段および前記圧力等化部材を含み、
前記受容領域は前記整列手段の外鞘部分内に延び、前記少なくとも一つの案内溝は、前記受容領域に対して開口するように、前記整列手段の前記外鞘部分内に形成された結合穴から延びる、請求項13記載の装置。
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US08/734,113 | 1996-10-21 | ||
US08/734,113 US5752965A (en) | 1996-10-21 | 1996-10-21 | Apparatus and method for producing a reinforced surgical fastener suture line |
PCT/US1997/002283 WO1998017180A1 (en) | 1996-10-21 | 1997-02-12 | Apparatus and method for producing a reinforced surgical fastener suture line |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4402668B2 (ja) | 2010-01-20 |
AU2123897A (en) | 1998-05-15 |
TW433999B (en) | 2001-05-16 |
CA2269229C (en) | 2005-04-26 |
EP1006884A1 (en) | 2000-06-14 |
WO1998017180A1 (en) | 1998-04-30 |
AU734707B2 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
EP1006884B1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
BR9712634A (pt) | 1999-12-21 |
ES2255101T3 (es) | 2006-06-16 |
DE69734730D1 (de) | 2005-12-29 |
US5752965A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
EP1006884A4 (en) | 2001-01-24 |
DE69734730T2 (de) | 2006-07-20 |
JP2006346482A (ja) | 2006-12-28 |
JP2001502575A (ja) | 2001-02-27 |
CA2269229A1 (en) | 1998-04-30 |
ATE310449T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
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