JP3929957B2 - Automatic warehouse and its operation method - Google Patents

Automatic warehouse and its operation method Download PDF

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JP3929957B2
JP3929957B2 JP2003339330A JP2003339330A JP3929957B2 JP 3929957 B2 JP3929957 B2 JP 3929957B2 JP 2003339330 A JP2003339330 A JP 2003339330A JP 2003339330 A JP2003339330 A JP 2003339330A JP 3929957 B2 JP3929957 B2 JP 3929957B2
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storage
stacker crane
shelf
loads
exit
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JP2005104638A (en
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徳和 塩沢
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株式会社ダイフク・ロジスティック・テクノロジー
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Description

本発明は、背面側に複数の出庫口がある自動倉庫に関し、特にその出庫能力を向上することができる自動倉庫及びその運転方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an automatic warehouse having a plurality of outlets on the back side, and more particularly to an automatic warehouse capable of improving the outgoing capacity and an operation method thereof.

従来、入出庫作業の処理能力を向上するため、棚の両側に荷の受渡しを行うスタッカクレーンを設置してなる自動倉庫がある(例えば特許文献1)。図5はこの種の自動倉庫の一例を示す概略平面図である。同図に示す自動倉庫は、上下(紙面手前奥)の段方向並びに水平(紙面左右)の連方向に複数の収納部を有する棚200の両面(正面と背面)にそれぞれ入庫用のスタッカクレーン230と出庫用のスタッカクレーン250を設置し、また入庫用のスタッカクレーン230の手前側に一つの入庫口240、出庫用のスタッカクレーン250の背面側に複数の出庫口260を配置して構成されている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is an automatic warehouse in which stacker cranes that deliver and receive cargo are installed on both sides of a shelf in order to improve the processing capacity of loading / unloading work (for example, Patent Document 1). FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing an example of this type of automatic warehouse. The automatic warehouse shown in the figure has a stacker crane 230 for warehousing on both sides (front and back) of a shelf 200 having a plurality of storage sections in the vertical (front and back) and horizontal (left and right) continuous directions. And a stacker crane 250 for unloading, a single loading port 240 on the front side of the stacking crane 230 for loading, and a plurality of shipping ports 260 on the back side of the stacker crane 250 for unloading. Yes.

上記自動倉庫は、入庫処理専用のスタッカクレーン230と出庫処理専用のスタッカクレーン250とを二台に分け、それらがそれぞれ独立して動作するようにしているので、スタッカクレーンが一台の場合に比べてその処理能力を約二倍に向上することができる。   In the above automatic warehouse, the stacker crane 230 dedicated to the warehousing process and the stacker crane 250 dedicated to the warehousing process are divided into two units so that they operate independently of each other. The processing capacity can be improved about twice.

一方自動倉庫の中には、入庫はピークが無く平均的に入庫され、一方出庫は作業者数、作業内容、トラックの発送時間等によりピークが発生し、ピークに合わせた出庫能力が必要となる場合がある。そしてこのような場合は、上記の自動倉庫のようにその処理能力を向上したものでも出庫の処理能力が足りず、さらにその出庫処理能力を向上することが望まれていた。
特開平8−192903号公報
On the other hand, in an automatic warehouse, there is no peak for warehousing, and warehousing is averaged. On the other hand, for warehousing, a peak occurs depending on the number of workers, work contents, truck delivery time, etc. There is a case. In such a case, even if the processing capacity is improved as in the above-described automatic warehouse, the processing capacity for shipping is insufficient, and it has been desired to further improve the shipping processing capacity.
JP-A-8-192903

本発明は上述の点に鑑みてなされたものでありその目的は、背面側に複数の出庫口がある自動倉庫の出庫処理能力を向上することができる自動倉庫及びその運転方法を提供することにある。   This invention is made in view of the above-mentioned point, The objective is to provide the automatic warehouse which can improve the delivery processing capability of the automatic warehouse which has several exits in the back side, and its operating method. is there.

本願の請求項1に記載の発明は、段方向並びに連方向に複数の収納部を有する棚の正面側と背面側にそれぞれ入庫用スタッカクレーンと出庫用スタッカクレーンを設置し、入庫用スタッカクレーン側に入庫口を設置すると共に、出庫用スタッカクレーン側に複数の出庫口を設置し、出庫口から予め決められた出庫順番で荷を出庫していく自動倉庫であって、前記棚の各収納部を、隣り合う出庫順番の荷を前後二列に格納する構造に構成し、入庫用スタッカクレーンと出庫用スタッカクレーンを前記収納部に二列に格納した荷の何れをも搬送する二ストローク式に構成し、前記出庫口側の前記棚と対向する位置に、荷を前後二列に格納する収納部を有する構造であって、前記棚の二列の収納部に格納した荷を同時にこの収納部の真正面にある収納部に仮置きする出庫準備棚を設置し、前記出庫口には、この出庫口に同時に搬送されてきた二つの荷の出庫順序が逆の場合にこれら二つの荷の前後の順序を入れ替える入替装置を設置したことを特徴とする自動倉庫にある。 In the invention according to claim 1 of the present application, a storage stacker crane and a storage stacker crane are installed on the front side and the back side of a shelf having a plurality of storage portions in the step direction and the continuous direction, respectively, and the storage stacker crane side Is an automatic warehouse in which a plurality of exits are installed on the exit stacker crane side and goods are delivered from the exit in a predetermined delivery order, and each storage section of the shelf and a load of goods issue order adjacent to configure a structure to store in two anteroposterior rows, a goods issue stacker crane and receiving stacker crane in two stroke type also convey any load stored in two rows in the housing part And having a storage unit for storing loads in two rows in the front and rear at a position facing the shelf on the exit side, and simultaneously storing the loads stored in the two rows of storage units of the shelf. In front of A replacement device that installs a preparation rack for temporary placement in the department, and changes the order before and after the two loads when the delivery order of the two loads that have been simultaneously transported to the delivery outlet is reversed. It is in an automatic warehouse characterized by having installed .

本願の請求項2に記載の発明は、段方向と連方向に複数、並びに前後の列方向に二つの収納部を有する棚の正面側と背面側にそれぞれ入庫用スタッカクレーン及び出庫用スタッカクレーンを設置し、入庫用スタッカクレーン側に入庫口を設置すると共に、出庫用スタッカクレーン側に複数の出庫口を設置し、さらに前記出庫口側に段方向と連方向に複数、並びに前後の列方向に二つの収納部を有する出庫準備棚を設置し、出庫口から予め決められた出庫順番で荷を出庫していく自動倉庫の運転方法であって、前記入庫用スタッカクレーンは前記棚の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部にそれぞれ同じ出庫口に出庫する荷の内の隣り合う出庫順番の荷を搬送して収納し、出庫用スタッカクレーンは前記棚の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部に格納された二つの荷を同時にこれら収納部の真正面にある出庫準備棚の収納部又は出庫口に搬送し、前記出庫用スタッカクレーンによって前記出庫口に同時に搬送された二つの荷の出庫順序が逆の場合はこの出庫口に設置した入替装置によって入れ替えることを特徴とする自動倉庫の運転方法にある。 The invention according to claim 2 of the present application includes a stacker crane for warehousing and a stacker crane for warehousing on the front side and the back side of a shelf having a plurality of storage portions in the step direction and the continuous direction and two storage portions in the front and rear row directions, respectively. Installed and installed a warehousing port on the warehousing stacker crane side, installed a plurality of warehousing ports on the warehousing stacker crane side, and further arranged in the row direction and continuous direction on the warehousing side, and in the front and rear row direction. An operation method of an automatic warehouse in which a delivery preparation shelf having two storage units is installed and goods are delivered in a predetermined delivery order from a delivery outlet, wherein the storage stacker crane is arranged in the row direction of the shelf. Out of the cargoes that are delivered at the same exit, each of the storage units is transported and stored, and the storage stacker cranes are stored in the two storage units arranged in the row direction of the shelves. two Transported simultaneously in the storage portion or the unloading port of unloading preparation shelf in front of these housing parts, the unloading port when issuing the order is reversed in the two load which is conveyed simultaneously into the unloading port by the unloading stacker cranes It is in the operation method of the automatic warehouse characterized by replacing with the replacement apparatus installed in the .

本願の請求項1に記載の発明によれば、棚の各収納部を荷を前後二列に格納する構造に構成したので、収納部が二倍に増え、格納できる荷の数を二倍にできる。また出庫用スタッカクレーンを二ストローク式に構成したので、出庫用スタッカクレーンによって常時二つの荷を同時に搬送でき、出庫能力を約二倍に向上することができる。   According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present application, since each storage part of the shelf is configured to store loads in two rows in the front and rear, the storage part is doubled, and the number of loads that can be stored is doubled. it can. In addition, since the shipping stacker crane is configured as a two-stroke type, the shipping stacker crane can always carry two loads at the same time, and the shipping capacity can be improved approximately twice.

本願の請求項1に記載の発明によれば、出庫口に入替装置を設置したので、二つ同時に出庫口に搬送される荷の順序が逆であっても、これを容易に正規の順に入れ替えることができる。 According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present application, since the replacement device is installed at the exit port, even if the order of the loads conveyed to the exit port at the same time is two, they are easily switched in the normal order. be able to.

本願の請求項1に記載の発明によれば、棚から出庫する荷を仮置きする出庫準備棚を設置したので、さらに格納できる荷の量を増やすことができる。 According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present application, since the outgoing preparation shelf for temporarily placing the outgoing goods from the shelf is installed, the amount of loads that can be stored can be further increased.

本願の請求項2に記載の発明によれば、入庫用スタッカクレーンが棚の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部にそれぞれ同じ出庫口に出庫する荷を搬送して収納するので、出庫用スタッカクレーンは一度に前後二つの荷をフォーキングして二つ同時に出庫口や出庫準備棚の収納部に搬送でき、これによって出庫側スタッカクレーンの能力は荷を一つずつ搬送する場合と比較して、その搬送能力を約二倍にすることができる。 According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present application, since the loading stacker crane conveys and stores the load discharged at the same shipping port in the two storage units arranged in the row direction of the shelf, Fork two loads at the front and back at the same time and transport them to the storage part of the shipping outlet and the shipping preparation shelf at the same time, so that the capacity of the shipping stacker crane is The conveyance capacity can be doubled.

本願の請求項2に記載の発明によれば、出庫用スタッカクレーンは、棚の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部に格納された二つの荷を同時にこれら収納部の真正面にある出庫準備棚の収納部に搬送するので、出庫用スタッカクレーンはフォーク動作のみで移し替え作業ができ、移し替え作業が短時間で完了し、出庫用スタッカクレーンの移し替え作業による能力低下を最小限に抑えられる。 According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present application, the shipping stacker crane stores the two loads stored in the two storage units arranged in the row direction of the shelves at the same time in the storage preparation shelf in front of these storage units. Therefore, the transfer stacker crane can be transferred only by a fork operation, and the transfer work can be completed in a short time, so that the capacity drop due to the transfer operation of the output stacker crane can be minimized.

本願の請求項2に記載の発明によれば、出庫用スタッカクレーンによって出庫口に同時に搬送されてきた二つの荷の順序が逆の場合は入替装置によって入れ替えるようにしたので、その出庫順序を容易に正規の順序にすることができる。 According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present application, when the order of the two loads conveyed simultaneously to the exit by the exit stacker crane is reversed by the replacement device, the exit order can be facilitated. Can be in regular order.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図1は本発明の一実施の形態にかかる自動倉庫の概略平面図である。同図に示す自動倉庫は、荷を収納する棚10の正面側と背面側にそれぞれ入庫用スタッカクレーン30と出庫用スタッカクレーン60を設置し、入庫用スタッカクレーン30側に入庫口50を設置すると共に、出庫用スタッカクレーン60側に複数(図では四つ)の出庫口80A〜80Dを設置し、さらに出庫口80A〜80D側の前記棚10と対向する位置に棚10から出庫する荷を仮置きする出庫準備棚90を設置して構成されている。なおこの実施の形態では、荷はバケットに収納した状態で搬送されるが、以下の説明では両者を併せて「荷」とする。以下各構成部分について説明する。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an automatic warehouse according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the automatic warehouse shown in the figure, a storage stacker crane 30 and a storage stacker crane 60 are installed on the front side and the back side of the shelf 10 for storing loads, respectively, and a storage port 50 is installed on the storage stacker crane 30 side. At the same time, a plurality (four in the figure) of outlets 80A to 80D are installed on the side of the outgoing stacker crane 60, and the load to be delivered from the shelf 10 is temporarily placed at a position facing the shelf 10 on the side of the outgoing outlets 80A to 80D. The delivery preparation shelf 90 to be placed is installed and configured. In this embodiment, the load is transported in a state of being stored in a bucket, but in the following description, both are collectively referred to as “load”. Each component will be described below.

棚10は、段方向(上下方向、図では紙面手前奥方向)と連方向(水平方向、図では左右方向)に複数ずつ、さらに列方向(前後方向、図では上下方向)に二つずつ、収納部11を設けて構成されている。そしてこの棚10はその正面と背面の両方から前後二列の収納部11,11に荷の搬入、搬出ができる構造に構成されている。即ち本発明においては棚10は、一列だけ格納する従来の棚に比べて収納部11が二倍に増え、その格納能力が二倍になる。   There are a plurality of shelves 10 in the step direction (vertical direction, front-rear direction in the figure) and in the continuous direction (horizontal direction, left-right direction in the figure), and two in the row direction (front-rear direction, vertical direction in the figure). The storage unit 11 is provided. And this shelf 10 is comprised by the structure which can carry in and carry out a load to the storage parts 11 and 11 of two front and back rows from both the front and back. In other words, in the present invention, the shelf 10 has twice as many storage units 11 as the conventional shelf storing only one row, and the storage capacity thereof is doubled.

入庫用スタッカクレーン30は、第一走行用レール31上を走行する走行基体上に立設された一対のマスト35,35間に昇降可能に昇降キャリッジ39を取り付け、この昇降キャリッジ39に一対のフォーク41,41を取り付け、一方走行基体にはこの入庫用スタッカクレーン30を第一走行用レール31上に走行させるための走行モータ43と昇降キャリッジ39を昇降させる昇降モータ45とを設置して構成されている。フォーク41,41は入庫口50方向及び棚10方向の両方に突出し、前記棚10の列方向(即ち奥と手前)に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11の両者に対してそれぞれ荷を収納又は取り出しができるように、その突出長さを二つの長さに変更できる二ストローク式のものを採用している。従ってこの入庫用スタッカクレーン30によれば、棚10の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11に対してそれぞれ荷を一つずつ収納又は取り出しできるばかりか、これら二つの収納部11,11の両者に対して同時に二つの荷を収納又は取り出しすることができる。   The warehousing stacker crane 30 is provided with a lifting carriage 39 that can be moved up and down between a pair of masts 35, 35 erected on a traveling base that travels on a first traveling rail 31. A pair of forks is attached to the lifting carriage 39. 41, 41 are attached, and a traveling motor 43 for moving the storage stacker crane 30 on the first traveling rail 31 and a lifting motor 45 for lifting the lifting carriage 39 are installed on one traveling base. ing. The forks 41 and 41 protrude in both the entrance 50 direction and the shelf 10 direction, and store or take out loads from both of the two storage portions 11 and 11 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10 (that is, the back and the front), respectively. The two-stroke type that can change the protruding length to two lengths is used. Therefore, according to the storage stacker crane 30, not only can each of the two storage units 11, 11 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10 store and take out one load, but the two storage units 11, 11 Two loads can be stored or taken out of both at the same time.

出庫用スタッカクレーン60は、第二走行用レール61上を走行する走行基体上に立設された一対のマスト65,65間に昇降可能に昇降キャリッジ69を取り付け、この昇降キャリッジ69に一対のフォーク71,71を取り付け、一方走行基体にはこの出庫用スタッカクレーン60を第二走行用レール61上に走行させるための走行モータ73と昇降キャリッジ69を昇降させる昇降モータ75とを設置して構成されている。フォーク71,71は棚10方向及び出庫準備棚90方向の両方に突出し、前記棚10の列方向(即ち奥と手前)に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11の両者に対してそれぞれ荷を収納又は取り出しができるように、その突出長さを二つの長さに変更できる二ストローク式のものを採用している。従ってこの出庫用スタッカクレーン60によれば、棚10や出庫準備棚90の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11,91,91に対してそれぞれ荷を一つずつ収納又は取り出しできるばかりか、これら二つの収納部11,11,91,91の両者に対して同時に二つの荷を収納又は取り出しすることができる。   The unloading stacker crane 60 is provided with a lifting carriage 69 that can be moved up and down between a pair of masts 65 and 65 erected on a traveling base that travels on a second traveling rail 61, and a pair of forks attached to the lifting carriage 69. 71, 71 are attached, and a traveling motor 73 for moving the unloading stacker crane 60 on the second traveling rail 61 and a lifting motor 75 for lifting the lifting carriage 69 are installed on one traveling base. ing. The forks 71 and 71 protrude in both the direction of the shelf 10 and the direction of the preparation preparation shelf 90 and store or store loads in both of the two storage units 11 and 11 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10 (that is, the back and the front). A two-stroke type that can change the protruding length to two lengths is used so that it can be taken out. Therefore, according to this shipping stacker crane 60, not only can each load be stored or removed one by one in the two storage units 11, 11, 91, 91 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10 or the shipping preparation shelf 90, Two loads can be simultaneously stored or taken out from both of these two storage portions 11, 11, 91, 91.

入庫口50はこの実施の形態では一ヶ所に設けられ、コンベア等で構成された一本の入庫ライン51の先端部分を入庫口50としている。そしてこの一つの入庫口50において入庫用スタッカクレーン30との間で荷の受渡しが一個ずつ行われる。   In this embodiment, the warehousing port 50 is provided at one location, and the tip portion of one warehousing line 51 constituted by a conveyor or the like is used as the warehousing port 50. The cargo is transferred to and from the storage stacker crane 30 at the single storage port 50 one by one.

出庫準備棚90は、段方向(上下方向)と連方向(水平方向)に複数ずつ、さらに列方向(前後方向)に二つずつ、収納部91を設けて構成されている。そしてその段数・連数・列数は、何れも前記棚10の段数・連数・列数と同じ数に構成されている。但し出庫準備棚90の一段目の連方向の四ヶ所には、列方向に向かう二つずつの収納部91,91の代りに出庫口80A〜80Dが設けられている。つまり出庫準備棚90の収納部91の数は棚10の収納部11の数よりも八つ少ない。   The unloading preparation shelves 90 are configured by providing storage units 91 in a plurality in the row direction (vertical direction) and in the continuous direction (horizontal direction) and in two in the row direction (front-rear direction). The number of stages, the number of stations, and the number of columns are all the same as the number of stages, the number of stations, and the number of columns of the shelf 10. However, at four locations in the first direction of the first stage of the delivery preparation shelf 90, delivery ports 80A to 80D are provided in place of the two storage units 91 and 91 that are directed in the row direction. That is, the number of storage units 91 in the exit preparation shelf 90 is eight fewer than the number of storage units 11 in the shelf 10.

出庫口80A〜80Dは、コンベア等で構成された出庫ライン81A〜81Dの先端部分の列方向に同時に二個の荷が載置できる大きさの部分である。そしてこれら四つの出庫口80A〜80Dにおいて出庫用スタッカクレーン60との間で荷の受渡しが行われる。   The exit ports 80A to 80D are portions of a size that allows two loads to be placed simultaneously in the row direction of the front end portions of the exit lines 81A to 81D configured by a conveyor or the like. Then, the cargo is delivered to and from the shipping stacker crane 60 at these four shipping ports 80A to 80D.

また四つの出庫口80A〜80Dのそれぞれには、これら出庫口80A〜80Dに搬送されてきた荷の前後の順序を入れ替える入替装置100が設置されている。この入替装置100はその真下にきた一つの荷を持ち上げるリフト手段を有しており、リフト手段によって持ち上げた荷の下に次の荷を通すことで、荷の順番を入れ替える。   In addition, each of the four shipping outlets 80A to 80D is provided with a replacement device 100 that changes the order of the loads that have been conveyed to the shipping outlets 80A to 80D. This replacement device 100 has lift means for lifting one load that has just come under it, and the order of the loads is changed by passing the next load under the load lifted by the lift means.

なお各出庫ライン81A〜81Dの先には、例えば図示しない荷捌き場が設置され、トラックヤードが接続されている。   In addition, for example, a cargo handling area (not shown) is installed at the tip of each of the delivery lines 81A to 81D, and a truck yard is connected thereto.

以上のように構成された自動倉庫は、以下のような物流条件1〜3の場合に用いて特に効果的である。もちろん他の物流条件においてもこの自動倉庫を利用できることは言うまでもない。
条件1)荷の入庫はピークが無く、平均的に入庫される。出庫は作業者数、作業内容、トラックの発送時間等により、ピークが発生し、ピークに合わせた出庫能力が必要である。
条件2)荷は入庫時点で、向け先と出庫順が決まっている。出庫口には各向け先毎の荷が全てそろってから、出庫順通りに出庫する必要がある。従って各向け先毎の荷が全部揃うまでバッファとして棚に荷を格納しておく必要がある(そのため通常の棚だけでは収納部が不足する恐れがある)。
条件3)入庫ライン51から流れてくる荷は、向け先・出庫順ともにバラバラに流れてくるので、運転制御によって各出庫口80A〜80Dに出庫順を合わせるように入替制御を行う必要がある。例えば荷A1〜A3、B1〜B3が、B2・A3・A1・B1・B3・A2のようにランダムに入庫されてくる場合に、これらをAとBの向け先に対応する出庫ライン81A,81Bに、それぞれA1・A2・A3と、B1・B2・B3の順に出庫していくように入替制御を行う必要がある。
The automatic warehouse configured as described above is particularly effective when used in the following distribution conditions 1 to 3. Of course, it goes without saying that this automatic warehouse can be used in other logistics conditions.
Condition 1) There is no peak in loading of goods, and goods are received on average. The delivery has a peak due to the number of workers, the contents of work, the delivery time of the truck, etc., and the delivery ability to match the peak is necessary.
Condition 2) The destination and delivery order are determined at the time of receipt. It is necessary to ship in the order of delivery after all the cargo for each destination is available at the exit. Therefore, it is necessary to store the load on the shelf as a buffer until all the loads for each destination are gathered (for this reason, there is a possibility that the storage unit is insufficient with only a normal shelf).
Condition 3) Since the cargo flowing from the warehousing line 51 flows in both the destination and the shipping order, it is necessary to perform replacement control so that the shipping order is matched with each of the shipping ports 80A to 80D by operation control. For example, when the loads A1 to A3 and B1 to B3 are randomly received like B2, A3, A1, B1, B3, and A2, these are output lines 81A and 81B corresponding to the destinations of A and B, respectively. In addition, it is necessary to perform replacement control so that A1, A2, A3 and B1, B2, B3 are delivered in this order.

次に上記条件に沿うように自動倉庫を運転する方法を説明する。図2は図1に示す自動倉庫の運転動作説明図である。また図3、図4も図1に示す自動倉庫の運転動作説明図であり、図3は出庫口80A近傍部分を示し、図4は棚10より出庫口80A側を側面から見た状態を示している。なおこれらの図において、出庫口80Aから出庫しようとする荷はA、出庫口80Bから出庫しようとする荷はBと表示し、且つ各荷には出庫順を示す符号を付している。ここでは主として出庫口80Aから出庫する場合について説明するが、他の出庫口80B〜Dから出庫する場合も同様である。   Next, a method for operating the automatic warehouse to meet the above conditions will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the automatic warehouse shown in FIG. 3 and 4 are also explanatory diagrams of the operation operation of the automatic warehouse shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows the vicinity of the exit port 80A, and FIG. 4 shows the state when the exit port 80A side is viewed from the side from the shelf 10. ing. In these drawings, a load to be delivered from the exit port 80A is indicated as A, a load to be delivered from the exit port 80B is indicated as B, and a code indicating the order of delivery is given to each load. Although the case where it leaves mainly from the exit port 80A is demonstrated here, the case where it leaves from other exit ports 80B-D is also the same.

まず入庫ライン51から入庫口50にランダムに入庫してくる荷は、入庫用スタッカクレーン30によって一つずつ順番に受け取られ、棚10の所定の収納部11に搬入される。このとき出庫口80Aに出庫しようとする荷Aはできるだけ出庫口80A近傍の収納部11に収納する。また棚10の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11には、それぞれ同じ出庫口80Aに出庫する荷を収納していく。特にこの実施の形態では出庫しようとする荷の順番が決まっているので、棚10の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11に収納する二つの荷は、隣り合う順番のものとする。即ち図2に示すように、荷A7,A8と、荷A6,A5は、何れも両者が列方向に並ぶように収納され、列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11に順番の飛ぶ他の荷や別の出庫口80B〜80Dから出庫しようとする荷を並べないようにする。なお荷の入庫順はバラバラであり、荷は奥の収納部11から埋めなければならないので、図2に示すように、例えば荷A7が入庫された後(直後でなくても良い)に荷A8が入庫された場合は収納部11,11には奥からA7・A8のように正しい順に格納されるが、荷A6が入庫された後(直後でなくても良い)に荷A5が入庫された場合は、奥からA6・A5のように逆の順に格納されることとなる。   First, loads randomly received from the warehousing line 51 to the warehousing port 50 are sequentially received one by one by the warehousing stacker crane 30 and are carried into the predetermined storage portion 11 of the shelf 10. At this time, the load A to be delivered to the delivery port 80A is stored in the storage unit 11 near the delivery port 80A as much as possible. In addition, the two storage units 11, 11 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10 store loads to be delivered to the same delivery port 80 </ b> A, respectively. In particular, in this embodiment, since the order of loads to be delivered is determined, the two loads stored in the two storage portions 11, 11 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10 are of the adjacent order. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the loads A7 and A8 and the loads A6 and A5 are all stored so that both are arranged in the row direction, and the other storage units 11 and 11 that are arranged in the row direction fly in turn. The load and the load to be delivered from another delivery port 80B to 80D are not arranged. Note that the order of loading of the loads is disjoint and the loads must be filled from the storage unit 11 at the back, so as shown in FIG. 2, for example, after the load A7 is received (not necessarily immediately after), the load A8 Is stored in the storage units 11 and 11 in the correct order as A7 / A8 from the back, but the load A5 is received after the load A6 is received (not necessarily immediately after). In this case, the data are stored in reverse order like A6 / A5 from the back.

次に出庫用スタッカクレーン60は、図3、図4に示すように、棚10の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11に格納された二つの荷A6,A5を同時に、これら収納部11,11の真正面に位置する出庫準備棚90の収納部91,91に搬送し、移し替える。つまり棚10の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部11,11に荷揃えの終わったものから順に出庫準備棚90に荷を移し替える。これによって棚10の収納部11,11が空くので、荷の格納量を増やすことができる。また上述のように収納部11,11の真正面に位置する収納部91,91に移し替えるので、出庫用スタッカクレーン60はそのフォーク71,71の出し入れ動作のみで入替作業ができ、移し替え作業が短時間で完了し、出庫用スタッカクレーン60の入替作業による能力低下を最小限に抑えることができる。なお実際には、昼休み時間等を利用して棚10,90の全ての収納部11,11,91,91間での移し替えを行えば、移し替え作業による能力の低下は発生しない。即ち出庫準備棚90へは、荷が棚10に前後2個セットに揃った場合のみに、2個同時に出庫準備棚90に、休み時間等の空き時間を利用して格納するので、実際に、トラックへの積み込み等により出庫のピークが到来した場合においても、出庫準備棚90には前後2個セットで出庫準備がされているので、下記する出庫口80A〜80Dへの出庫効率が格段に良くなるとともに、棚10への格納できる量を増加できる。   Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the unloading stacker crane 60 simultaneously receives the two loads A6 and A5 stored in the two storage units 11 and 11 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10 at the storage unit 11. , 11 are transported to the storage units 91, 91 of the preparation preparation shelf 90 located in front of and transferred. That is, loads are transferred to the unloading preparation shelf 90 in order from the finished storage of the two storage units 11, 11 arranged in the row direction of the shelf 10. As a result, the storage portions 11 and 11 of the shelf 10 are vacant, so that the load storage amount can be increased. Moreover, since it moves to the storage parts 91 and 91 located in front of the storage parts 11 and 11 as mentioned above, the stocker crane 60 for delivery can be replaced only by taking in and out of the forks 71 and 71, and transfer work can be performed. Completion can be completed in a short time, and a decrease in capacity due to replacement work of the stacker crane 60 for delivery can be minimized. Actually, if the transfer is performed between all the storage units 11, 11, 91, 91 of the shelves 10, 90 by using the lunch break time or the like, the capacity is not reduced by the transfer work. That is, only when the loads are arranged in two sets on the shelf 10 in the front and rear preparation shelves 90, two items are simultaneously stored in the preparation preparation shelves 90 by using free time such as rest time. Even when the peak of shipping has arrived due to loading on a truck, etc., since the shipping preparation shelf 90 is prepared for shipping in two sets before and after, the shipping efficiency to the shipping ports 80A to 80D described below is remarkably good. In addition, the amount that can be stored in the shelf 10 can be increased.

次に出庫用スタッカクレーン60は、出庫準備棚90の収納部91,91に収納した荷、又は棚10の収納部11,11に収納している荷を、できるだけ二つずつ取り出し、出庫口80Aに搬送する。例えば図3では出庫準備棚90から荷A6,A5を一度に出庫口80Aに搬送し、次に棚10から荷A7,A8を一度に出庫口80Aに搬送する。このように出庫用スタッカクレーン60は、棚10から出庫準備棚90に荷を移し変える際も、棚10や出庫準備棚90から出庫口80Aに荷を搬送する際も、二つの荷を同時に搬送するので、その出庫能力を約二倍に高くすることができる。なお前述のように出庫口80Aに出庫しようとする荷Aはできるだけ出庫口80A近傍の収納部11,91に集められているので、出庫口80Aから荷Aを出庫する際の出庫用スタッカクレーン60の移動距離は短く、この点でも出庫能力が高められる。   Next, the unloading stacker crane 60 takes out the loads stored in the storage units 91 and 91 of the unloading preparation rack 90 or the loads stored in the storage units 11 and 11 of the shelf 10 as much as possible, and sets the exit port 80A. Transport to. For example, in FIG. 3, the loads A6 and A5 are transported from the exit preparation shelf 90 to the exit port 80A at a time, and then the loads A7 and A8 are transported from the shelf 10 to the exit port 80A at a time. As described above, the shipping stacker crane 60 transports two loads at the same time when transferring the load from the shelf 10 to the shipping preparation shelf 90 and when transferring the load from the shelf 10 or the shipping preparation shelf 90 to the shipping port 80A. As a result, the shipping capacity can be increased by a factor of about two. As described above, since the load A to be delivered to the delivery port 80A is collected as much as possible in the storage units 11 and 91 in the vicinity of the delivery port 80A, the delivery stacker crane 60 when the cargo A is delivered from the delivery port 80A. The travel distance is short, and in this respect, the shipping capacity can be enhanced.

次に図3に示すように、出庫口80Aに二つ一組で搬送されてきた荷の内、逆の順で搬送されてきた荷A4・A3は、図4に示すように荷A4が入替装置100のリフト手段によって持ち上げられ(1)、その下に荷A3を通過させ(2)、次に荷A4を下ろすこと(3)によって入れ替えられ、正規の順A3・A4にされ、出庫ライン81Aから外部に搬送されていく。なお入替装置100を用いなくても、入庫用スタッカクレーン30又は出庫用スタッカクレーン60のどちらかを使って、棚10に収納している荷の列方向の順番を予め入れ替えることはできる。しかしながらそれを行うとスタッカクレーンの能力が落ちるため、この実施の形態では各出庫口80A〜80Dに入替装置100を設置し、これによって荷の入れ替えによる入出庫能力の低下を防止している。   Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the load A4 / A3 transferred in the reverse order among the loads transferred in pairs to the exit 80A is replaced with the load A4 as shown in FIG. It is lifted by the lifting means of the apparatus 100 (1), the load A3 is passed thereunder (2), then the load A4 is unloaded (3), and is replaced by the normal order A3 / A4, and the delivery line 81A It is transported to the outside. Even if the replacement device 100 is not used, the order of the loads stored in the shelf 10 in the row direction can be changed in advance by using either the storage stacker crane 30 or the output stacker crane 60. However, if this is done, the capacity of the stacker crane will drop, so in this embodiment, a replacement device 100 is installed at each of the shipping outlets 80A to 80D, thereby preventing a drop in the loading / unloading capacity due to load replacement.

以上本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲、及び明細書と図面に記載された技術的思想の範囲内において種々の変形が可能である。なお直接明細書及び図面に記載がない何れの形状や構造や材質であっても、本願発明の作用・効果を奏する以上、本願発明の技術的思想の範囲内である。例えば、上記実施の形態では条件として荷の入庫にピークが無い場合について説明したので入庫口50を一個としたが、複数であっても良い。また出庫口80の数が四個に限らず、必要に応じて他の複数個であっても良いことは言うまでもない。   Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims and the specification and drawings. Is possible. Note that any shape, structure, or material not directly described in the specification and drawings is within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention as long as the effects and advantages of the present invention are exhibited. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where there is no peak in the loading of goods as a condition has been described. Needless to say, the number of outlets 80 is not limited to four, and may be other plural as necessary.

また出庫準備棚の段数・連数・列数は、必ずしも棚10と同じ数に構成する必要は無い。 Further, the number of stages, the number of stations, and the number of columns of the outgoing preparation shelves are not necessarily configured to be the same as the shelves 10.

本発明の一実施の形態にかかる自動倉庫の概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view of the automatic warehouse concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 図1に示す自動倉庫の運転動作説明図である。It is a driving | operation operation | movement explanatory drawing of the automatic warehouse shown in FIG. 図1に示す自動倉庫の運転動作説明図である。It is a driving | operation operation | movement explanatory drawing of the automatic warehouse shown in FIG. 図1に示す自動倉庫の運転動作説明図である。It is a driving | operation operation | movement explanatory drawing of the automatic warehouse shown in FIG. 従来の自動倉庫の一例を示す概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the conventional automatic warehouse.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 棚
11 収納部
30 入庫用スタッカクレーン
41 フォーク
50 入庫口
51 入庫ライン
60 出庫用スタッカクレーン
71 フォーク
80(80A,80B,80C,80D) 出庫口
90 出庫準備棚
91 収納部
100 入替装置
A(A1〜A9),B(B1〜B9) 荷
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shelf 11 Storage part 30 Warehousing stacker crane 41 Fork 50 Warehousing port 51 Warehousing line 60 Unloading stacker crane 71 Fork 80 (80A, 80B, 80C, 80D) Unloading port 90 Unloading preparation shelf 91 Storage unit 100 Replacement device A (A1 ~ A9), B (B1-B9) load

Claims (2)

段方向並びに連方向に複数の収納部を有する棚の正面側と背面側にそれぞれ入庫用スタッカクレーンと出庫用スタッカクレーンを設置し、入庫用スタッカクレーン側に入庫口を設置すると共に、出庫用スタッカクレーン側に複数の出庫口を設置し、出庫口から予め決められた出庫順番で荷を出庫していく自動倉庫であって、
前記棚の各収納部を、隣り合う出庫順番の荷を前後二列に格納する構造に構成し、
入庫用スタッカクレーンと出庫用スタッカクレーンを前記収納部に二列に格納した荷の何れをも搬送する二ストローク式に構成し
前記出庫口側の前記棚と対向する位置に、荷を前後二列に格納する収納部を有する構造であって、前記棚の二列の収納部に格納した荷を同時にこの収納部の真正面にある収納部に仮置きする出庫準備棚を設置し、
前記出庫口には、この出庫口に同時に搬送されてきた二つの荷の出庫順序が逆の場合にこれら二つの荷の前後の順序を入れ替える入替装置を設置したことを特徴とする自動倉庫。
A storage stacker crane and a storage stacker crane are installed on the front side and the back side of a shelf having a plurality of storage sections in the step direction and the continuous direction, respectively, a storage port is installed on the storage stacker crane side, and a storage stacker is provided. It is an automatic warehouse that installs multiple exits on the crane side and delivers goods in the order of delivery from the exit.
Each storage part of the shelf is configured in a structure that stores the loads in the adjacent shipping order in two rows before and after,
The storage stacker crane and the storage stacker crane are configured in a two-stroke type that transports both of the loads stored in two rows in the storage unit ,
It is a structure having a storage part for storing loads in two rows in the front and rear at a position facing the shelf on the exit side, and loads stored in two storage parts in the shelf at the same time in front of this storage part. Set up a preparation rack for temporary storage in a storage unit,
An automatic warehouse characterized in that an exchange device is installed at the shipping port to switch the order of the two loads before and after the two loads that have been simultaneously transported to the shipping port .
段方向と連方向に複数、並びに前後の列方向に二つの収納部を有する棚の正面側と背面側にそれぞれ入庫用スタッカクレーン及び出庫用スタッカクレーンを設置し、入庫用スタッカクレーン側に入庫口を設置すると共に、出庫用スタッカクレーン側に複数の出庫口を設置し、さらに前記出庫口側に段方向と連方向に複数、並びに前後の列方向に二つの収納部を有する出庫準備棚を設置し、出庫口から予め決められた出庫順番で荷を出庫していく自動倉庫の運転方法であって、
前記入庫用スタッカクレーンは前記棚の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部にそれぞれ同じ出庫口に出庫する荷の内の隣り合う出庫順番の荷を搬送して収納し、
出庫用スタッカクレーンは前記棚の列方向に並ぶ二つの収納部に格納された二つの荷を同時にこれら収納部の真正面にある出庫準備棚の収納部又は出庫口に搬送し、
前記出庫用スタッカクレーンによって前記出庫口に同時に搬送された二つの荷の出庫順序が逆の場合はこの出庫口に設置した入替装置によって入れ替えることを特徴とする自動倉庫の運転方法。
A stacker crane for warehousing and a stacker crane for warehousing are installed on the front side and the back side of the shelves that have two storage units in the row direction and the front and back row direction, respectively, and the warehousing port on the warehousing stacker crane side. In addition, a plurality of exits are installed on the exit stacker crane side, and a delivery preparation shelf having a plurality of storage units in the row direction and the front and rear row directions is installed on the exit side. And an operation method of an automatic warehouse that unloads goods in a predetermined delivery order from a delivery outlet,
The warehousing stacker crane conveys and stores loads in the order of the merging order among the cargoes that are delivered to the same exit at the two storage units arranged in the row direction of the shelf,
The stacker crane for unloading conveys two loads stored in the two storage units arranged in the row direction of the shelves simultaneously to the storage unit or the unloading port of the unloading preparation shelf directly in front of these storage units ,
A method for operating an automatic warehouse, characterized in that , when the order of delivery of two loads conveyed simultaneously to the exit port by the exit stacker crane is reversed, the order is replaced by a replacement device installed at the exit port .
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