JP3903855B2 - Ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance - Google Patents

Ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance Download PDF

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JP3903855B2
JP3903855B2 JP2002174298A JP2002174298A JP3903855B2 JP 3903855 B2 JP3903855 B2 JP 3903855B2 JP 2002174298 A JP2002174298 A JP 2002174298A JP 2002174298 A JP2002174298 A JP 2002174298A JP 3903855 B2 JP3903855 B2 JP 3903855B2
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oxidation resistance
temperature
room temperature
steel
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JP2004018921A (en
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淳 宮崎
研治 高尾
修 古君
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、自動車やオートバイの排気管、触媒外筒材および火力発電プラントの排気ダクトあるいは燃料電池関連部材等の高温環境下で使用される部材に供して好適な、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車の排気系環境で使用される、例えばエキゾーストマニホールド、排気パイプ、コンバーターケースおよびマフラー等に代表される排気系部材には、成形性と耐熱性に優れることが要求されている。現在、このような用途には、室温で軟質で成形性に優れ、高温耐力も比較的高い、NbとSiを添加したCr含有鋼、例えばType 429(14Cr−0.9Si −0.4Nb 系)鋼が多用されている。
しかしながら、このType 429鋼は、エンジン性能の向上により排ガス温度が現行温度より高い 900℃程度まで上昇すると、高温耐力が不足するいう問題があった。
【0003】
上記の問題に対し、NbとMoを添加して高温耐力を向上させたCr含有鋼、JIS G4305に規定される SUS 444(19Cr−0.2Nb −1.8Mo)鋼が開発されている。しかしながら、この SUS 444鋼は、伸びが低いため、加工性が低いという問題があった。
【0004】
加工性を考慮して、排気系部材の高温部から低温部までの広い範囲にわたって適用可能な素材として、高温強度、加工性および表面性状に優れたCr含有鋼が、特開2000−73147 号公報に開示されている。この素材は、C:0.02mass%以下、Si:0.10mass%以下、 Cr:3.0 〜20mass%およびNb:0.2 〜1.0 mass%を含有するCr含有鋼であり、 Siを0.10mass%以下に低減することにより、 Fe2Nbラーベス相の析出を抑制して室温降伏強さの上昇を抑制すると共に、優れた高温強度と加工性、さらには良好な表面性状を付与しようとするものである
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、最近では、エンジン性能のより一層の向上が追求され、これに伴い排ガス温度も一層高温になりつつあるが、従来の材料では、 900℃から1000℃のような高温における耐酸化性の面に問題を残していた。
すなわち、エンジン性能をより向上させるためには、排ガス温度の一層の上昇が避けられないが、排ガス温度が 900℃から1000℃のような高温に上昇した場合には、現行の材料ではいずれも異常酸化が生じて、実使用に耐え得ないという問題が生じたのである。
ここに、異常酸化とは、材料が高温の排ガスに曝された場合に、Fe酸化物が生成し、このFe酸化物は酸化速度が異常に速いことから、酸化が急激に進行し、素材がぼろぼろになる現象をいう。
【0006】
この発明は、上記の問題を有利に解決するもので、室温で高延性を維持し、良好な加工性を保持したままで、 900℃を超えるような高温における耐酸化性、すなわち耐高温酸化性を格段に向上させたフェライト系ステンレス鋼を提案することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手投】
さて、発明者らは、上記の目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、室温での軟質性を維持するには、Siを一定量以下に制限すること、そして耐高温酸化性の向上を図るには、Wの添加特にMoとWとを複合添加すること有効であるとの知見を得た。
この発明は、上記の知見に立脚するものである。
【0008】
すなわち、この発明の要旨構成は次のとおりである。
1.質量%で、
C:0.02%以下、
Si:0.1 %以下、
Mn:2.0 %以下、
Cr:12.0〜16.0%、
Mo:1.0 〜5.0 %、
W:2.0 %超、5.0 %以下、
Nb:5(C+N)〜1.0 %および
N:0.02%以下
を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物の組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
【0009】
2.上記1において、MoおよびWの合計量が、質量%で
(Mo+W)≧4.3 %
を満足することを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
【0010】
3.上記1または2において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Ti:0.5 %以下、
Zr:0.5 %以下および
V:0.5 %以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
【0011】
4.上記1,2または3において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Ni:2.0 %以下、
Cu:1.0 %以下、
Co:1.0 %以下および
Ca:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
【0012】
5.上記1〜4のいずれかにおいて、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Al:0.5 %以下
を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
【0013】
6.上記1〜5のいずれかにおいて、鋼がさらに、質量%で
B:0.01%以下、
Mg:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
【0014】
7.上記1〜6のいずれかにおいて、鋼がさらに、質量%で
REM:0.1 %以下
を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明において、成分組成を上記の範囲に限定した理由について説明する。なお、成分に関する「%」表示は特に断らない限り質量%を意味するものとする。
C:0.02%以下
Cは、靱性や加工性を劣化させるので、その混入は極力低減することが好ましい。この観点から、この発明ではC量を0.02%以下に限定した。より好ましくは 0.008%以下である。
【0016】
Si:0.1 %以下
Siは、耐酸化性の向上に有効であるが、この発明ではWの添加によって耐高温酸化性の向上を図っているので、この面では特に必要はない。むしろ、Si量が多くなると、強度が増大して加工性の低下を招くので、この発明では 0.1%以下で含有させるものとした。
【0017】
Mn:2.0 %以下
Mnは、脱酸剤として有効に寄与するが、過剰の添加はMnSを形成して耐食性を低下させるので、2.0 %以下に限定した。より好ましくは 1.0%以下である。なお、耐スケール剥離性の観点からは、Mn量は高いほど好ましくいので、この観点からは 0.3%以上含有させることが好ましい。
【0018】
Cr:12.0〜16.0%
Crは、耐食性および耐酸化性を向上させる基本元素であるが、一方で室温での強度が増大して加工性を低下させる不利がある。この発明では、Wの添加によって耐高温酸化性の向上を図っているので、加工性の観点からCr量は16.0%以下で含有させるものとした。一方、Cr量が12.0%を下回ると、Wが添加されていても耐食性の低下が著しいので、その下限をは12.0%とした。より好ましくは14.0〜16.0%の範囲である。
【0019】
Mo:1.0 〜5.0 %
Moは、高温強度のみならず、耐酸化性および耐食性の向上に有効に寄与するので、この発明では 1.0%以上含有させるものとした。しかしながら、含有量があまりに多くなると室温での強度が増大して加工性が低下するので、5.0 %を上限とした。より好ましくは 1.8〜2.5 %の範囲である。
【0020】
W:2.0 %超、5.0 %以下
Wは、この発明において特に重要な元素である。すなわち、上記したMoを添加したフェライト系ステンレス鋼に、Wを複合含有させることによって、耐高温酸化性の著しい向上を図ることができる。また、高温強度の向上にも有効に寄与する。しかしながら、W量が 2.0%以下ではその添加効果に乏しく、一方 5.0%を超えて多量に含有させるとコストの上昇を招くので、Wは 2.0%超、5.0 %以下の範囲で含有させるものとした。より好ましくは 3.0〜3.5 %の範囲である。
【0021】
図1に、 14%Cr−0.05%Si −0.5%Nb−1.8%Mo鋼をベースに、Wを種々の割合で添加した時の耐高温酸化性について調べた結果を示す。
耐高温酸化性試験は、 950℃の大気雰囲気中に 100時間保持し、この試験後の試験片の重量変化で評価した。試験後の重量変化が 10 mg/cm2以下であれば耐高温酸化性に優れているといえる。
同図に示したとおり、Wを 2.0%超含有させることによって、耐高温酸化性は格段に向上する。
【0022】
(Mo+W)≧4.3 %
上述したとおり、MoとWとを複合含有させることによって、耐高温酸化性の著しい向上を図ることができる。そのためには、これら元素の合計量は 4.3%以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは 4.7%以上である。
【0023】
Nb:5(C+N)〜1.0 %
Nbは、高温強度の改善に有効な元素であり、この効果を発揮させるためには、CおよびN量との兼ね合いで5(C+N)以上含有させる必要がある。しかしながら、あまりに多量の添加は、室温での強度が増大して加工性が低下するので、1.0 %を上限とした。より好ましくは 0.4〜0.7 %の範囲である。
【0024】
N:0.02%以下
Nも、Cと同様、靱性や加工性を劣化させるので、その混入は極力低減することが好ましい。この観点から、この発明ではN量を0.02%以下に限定した。より好ましくは 0.008%以下である。
【0025】
以上、基本成分について説明したが、この発明ではその他にも、以下に述べる元素を適宜含有させることができる。
Ti:0.5 %以下、Zr:0.5 %以下およびV:0.5 %以下のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種
Ti,ZrおよびVはいずれも、CやNを固定して耐粒界腐食性を向上させる作用があり、この観点からはそれぞれ0.02%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかしながら、含有量が 0.5%を超えると、鋼材の脆化を招くので、それぞれ 0.5%以下で含有させるものとした。
なお、これらの元素は、高温強度の向上にも有効であるので、前記したWおよび後述するCuを合わせた(W+Ti+Zr+V+Cu)量は、3%超で含有させることが好適である。
【0026】
Ni:2.0 %以下、Cu:1.0 %以下、Co:1.0 %以下およびCa:0.01%以下のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種
Ni,Cu,CoおよびCaはいずれも、靱性の改善に有用な元素であり、それぞれNi:2.0 %以下、Cu:1.0 %以下、Co:1.0 %以下、Ca:0.01%以下で含有させるものとした。特にCaは、Tiが含有された場合、連続鋳造時のノズル詰まりの防止にも有効に寄与する。なお、これらの元素の効果を十分に発揮させるためには、それぞれNi:0.5 %以上、Cu:0.05%以上、Co:0.03%以上、Ca:0.0005%以上の範囲で含有させることが好ましい。
【0027】
Al:0.5 %以下
Alは、脱酸剤として有用であり、そのためには0.01%以上含有させることが好ましい。また、Alは、溶接部の表面に緻密なスケールを形成して、溶接中に酸素や窒素の吸収を防止し、溶接部の靱性向上にも有効に寄与する。この目的のためには0.02%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかしながら、含有量が 0.5%を超えるとその効果は飽和に達するので、この発明では 0.5%以下で含有させるものとした。
【0028】
B:0.01%以下、Mg:0.01%以下のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種
BおよびMgいずれも、2次加工脆性の改善に有効に寄与するが、含有量が0.01%を超えると室温での強度が増して延性の低下を招くので、それぞれ0.01%以下で含有させるものとした。より好ましくはB:0.0003%以上、Mg:0.0003%以上である。
【0029】
REM:0.1 %以下
REM は、耐酸化性の向上に有効に寄与するので 0.1%以下で含有させるものとした。より好ましくは 0.002%以上である。なお、この発明において REMとは、ランタノイド系元素およびYを意味する。
【0030】
次に、この発明鋼の好適製造方法について説明する。この発明鋼の製造条件はとくに限定されるものではなく、Cr含有鋼の一般的な製造方法を好適に利用できる。
例えば、上記した適正組成範囲に調整した溶鋼を、転炉、 電気炉等の溶製炉、さらには取鍋精錬、 真空精錬等の精錬を利用して溶製したのち、連続鋳造法または造塊−分塊法でスラブとしたのち、 熱間圧延、熱延板焼鈍、酸洗、冷間圧延、仕上げ焼鈍、酸洗の各工程を順次に経て、冷延焼鈍板板とするのが好ましい。 また、冷間圧延は、1回または中間焼鈍を含む2回以上の冷間圧延としてもよい。冷間圧延、仕上げ焼鈍、酸洗の工程は繰り返し打ってもよい。なお、場合によっては熱延板焼鈍は省略してもよい。さらに、光沢性が要求される場合には、スキンパス等を施すことが有利である。
【0031】
【実施例】
表1に示す成分組成になる50kg鋼塊を作製し、 これらの鋼塊を1100℃に加熱後、 熱間圧延により5mm厚の熱延板とした。 ついで、これらの熱延板に対し、熱延板焼鈍(焼鈍温度:1000℃)−酸洗−冷間圧延(冷延圧下率:60%)−仕上げ焼鈍(焼鈍温度:1000℃)−酸洗を順次施して、2mm厚の冷延焼鈍板とした。
かくして得られた冷延焼鈍板の加工性および耐高温酸化性について調べた結果を、表2に示す。
【0032】
なお、各特性は次のようにして評価した。
(1) 加工性
各冷延焼鈍板から、圧延方向を引張り方向とする JIS 13 号B引張試験片を各2 本ずつ採取し、 JIS G 0567の規定に準拠して、 室温での引張り試験を行い、2本の試験片の伸び値の平均を求めた。 なお、 この伸び値が34%以上であれば加工性に優れているといえる。
(2) 耐高温酸化性
各冷延焼鈍板から、試験片(2mm厚×20mm幅×30mm長さ)を各2本ずつ採取し、これらの試験片を、 950℃の大気雰囲気中に 100時間保持した。試験前後における各試験片の重量を測定し、試験前後の重量変化を算出して、2本の平均値を求めた。この重量変化が小さいほど耐高温酸化性に優れていることを表す。そして、重量変化が 10 mg/cm2以下であれば耐高温酸化性に優れているといえる。
【0033】
【表1】

Figure 0003903855
【0034】
【表2】
Figure 0003903855
【0035】
表2から明らかなように、この発明に従う鋼板はいずれも、加工性はいうまでもなく、優れた耐高温酸化性が得られている。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
かくして、この発明によれば、室温での加工性を損なうことなしに、耐高温酸化性に優れるフェライト系ステンレス鋼を得ることができる。
従って、この発明によれば、エンジン性能の向上により、排ガス温度が 900℃を超えるような使途においても、それに耐え得る排気系部材を安定して供給することができる。また、燃料電池関連部材のような高い加工性と耐酸化性が要求される用途にも有利に適合する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 14%Cr−0.05%Si −0.5%Nb−1.8%Mo鋼をベースに、Wを種々の割合で添加した時の耐高温酸化性について調べた結果を示したグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is suitable for use in a member used under a high temperature environment such as an exhaust pipe of an automobile or a motorcycle, an outer casing material of a catalyst, an exhaust duct of a thermal power plant or a member related to a fuel cell, and is soft and resistant to high temperature oxidation at room temperature. The present invention relates to ferritic stainless steel having excellent properties.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, exhaust system members such as exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes, converter cases, and mufflers used in the exhaust system environment of automobiles are required to have excellent moldability and heat resistance. Currently, such applications include Cr-containing steels with Nb and Si added, such as Type 429 (14Cr-0.9Si-0.4Nb) steel, which are soft at room temperature, have excellent formability, and have a relatively high high-temperature proof stress It is used a lot.
However, this Type 429 steel has a problem that the high-temperature proof stress is insufficient when the exhaust gas temperature rises to about 900 ° C, which is higher than the current temperature, due to the improvement in engine performance.
[0003]
In response to the above problems, a Cr-containing steel in which high temperature proof stress is improved by adding Nb and Mo, SUS 444 (19Cr-0.2Nb-1.8Mo) steel defined in JIS G4305 has been developed. However, the SUS 444 steel has a problem of low workability due to low elongation.
[0004]
In consideration of workability, Cr-containing steel excellent in high temperature strength, workability and surface properties is disclosed as a material applicable to a wide range of exhaust system members from a high temperature part to a low temperature part. Is disclosed. This material is Cr-containing steel containing C: 0.02 mass% or less, Si: 0.10 mass% or less, Cr: 3.0 to 20 mass%, and Nb: 0.2 to 1.0 mass%, and reduces Si to 0.10 mass% or less. By suppressing the precipitation of the Fe 2 Nb Laves phase and suppressing the increase in yield strength at room temperature, it is intended to provide excellent high-temperature strength and workability, as well as good surface properties.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, recently, further improvements in engine performance have been pursued, and as a result, the exhaust gas temperature has become higher, but with conventional materials, the oxidation resistance at high temperatures such as 900 ° C to 1000 ° C has been increased. Had left a problem.
In other words, in order to further improve engine performance, a further increase in exhaust gas temperature is inevitable, but if the exhaust gas temperature rises to a high temperature such as 900 ° C to 1000 ° C, all current materials are abnormal. Oxidation occurred, causing a problem that it could not withstand actual use.
Here, abnormal oxidation means that when a material is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas, Fe oxide is generated, and since the oxidation rate of this Fe oxide is abnormally fast, the oxidation proceeds rapidly, and the material It is a phenomenon that becomes shabby.
[0006]
The present invention advantageously solves the above problems, and maintains high ductility at room temperature and maintains good workability, while maintaining oxidation resistance at high temperatures exceeding 900 ° C., that is, high-temperature oxidation resistance. The purpose of this study is to propose a ferritic stainless steel with significantly improved.
[0007]
[Hand throws to solve problems]
Now, as a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, the inventors have limited Si to a certain amount or less and improved high-temperature oxidation resistance in order to maintain softness at room temperature. In order to achieve this, it has been found that it is effective to add W, particularly, to add Mo and W in combination.
The present invention is based on the above findings.
[0008]
That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. % By mass
C: 0.02% or less,
Si: 0.1% or less,
Mn: 2.0% or less,
Cr: 12.0-16.0%
Mo: 1.0-5.0%,
W: Over 2.0%, up to 5.0%,
Ferritic stainless steel containing Nb: 5 (C + N) to 1.0% and N: 0.02% or less, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance steel.
[0009]
2. In the above 1, the total amount of Mo and W is (Mo + W) ≧ 4.3% in mass%.
A ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
[0010]
3. In the above 1 or 2, the steel is further in mass%.
Ti: 0.5% or less,
A ferritic stainless steel having a composition containing at least one selected from Zr: 0.5% or less and V: 0.5% or less, which is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
[0011]
4). In the above 1, 2 or 3, the steel is further in mass%.
Ni: 2.0% or less,
Cu: 1.0% or less,
Co: 1.0% or less and
Ca: Ferritic stainless steel that has a composition containing at least one selected from 0.01% or less and is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
[0012]
5). In any one of the above 1 to 4, the steel is further in mass%.
Al: Ferritic stainless steel that has a composition containing 0.5% or less and is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
[0013]
6). In any one of the above 1 to 5, the steel is further B: 0.01% or less by mass%
Mg: A ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance, characterized in that it has a composition containing at least one selected from 0.01% or less.
[0014]
7). In any one of the above 1 to 6, the steel is further in mass%.
REM: Ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance, characterized by having a composition containing 0.1% or less.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the reason why the component composition is limited to the above range in the present invention will be described. Unless otherwise specified, “%” in relation to ingredients means mass%.
C: 0.02% or less Since C deteriorates toughness and workability, its mixing is preferably reduced as much as possible. From this viewpoint, in the present invention, the C content is limited to 0.02% or less. More preferably, it is 0.008% or less.
[0016]
Si: 0.1% or less
Si is effective in improving the oxidation resistance, but in the present invention, the addition of W improves the high-temperature oxidation resistance, and is not particularly necessary in this aspect. Rather, as the amount of Si increases, the strength increases and the workability is reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, the Si content is 0.1% or less.
[0017]
Mn: 2.0% or less
Mn contributes effectively as a deoxidizer, but excessive addition reduces the corrosion resistance by forming MnS, so it was limited to 2.0% or less. More preferably, it is 1.0% or less. In addition, from the viewpoint of scale peel resistance, the higher the amount of Mn, the better. From this viewpoint, it is preferable to contain 0.3% or more.
[0018]
Cr: 12.0 to 16.0%
Cr is a basic element that improves the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, but has the disadvantage of increasing the strength at room temperature and reducing the workability. In this invention, the addition of W improves the high-temperature oxidation resistance, so from the viewpoint of workability, the Cr content is made 16.0% or less. On the other hand, if the Cr content is less than 12.0%, the corrosion resistance is remarkably lowered even if W is added, so the lower limit was made 12.0%. More preferably, it is 14.0 to 16.0% of range.
[0019]
Mo: 1.0-5.0%
Mo effectively contributes not only to high-temperature strength but also to improvement of oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. Therefore, in the present invention, Mo is included in an amount of 1.0% or more. However, if the content is too high, the strength at room temperature increases and the workability decreases, so 5.0% was made the upper limit. More preferably, it is 1.8 to 2.5% of range.
[0020]
W: more than 2.0% and 5.0% or less W is an especially important element in the present invention. That is, by adding W to the ferritic stainless steel to which Mo is added, the high temperature oxidation resistance can be remarkably improved. It also contributes effectively to the improvement of high temperature strength. However, if the amount of W is 2.0% or less, the effect of addition is poor. On the other hand, if it contains more than 5.0%, the cost increases. Therefore, W should be contained in the range of more than 2.0% and 5.0% or less. . More preferably, it is 3.0 to 3.5% of range.
[0021]
FIG. 1 shows the results of examining the high-temperature oxidation resistance when W is added in various proportions based on 14% Cr-0.05% Si-0.5% Nb-1.8% Mo steel.
The high temperature oxidation resistance test was held in an air atmosphere at 950 ° C. for 100 hours, and the change in weight of the test piece after this test was evaluated. If the weight change after the test is 10 mg / cm 2 or less, it can be said that the high-temperature oxidation resistance is excellent.
As shown in the figure, the high-temperature oxidation resistance is remarkably improved by containing W in excess of 2.0%.
[0022]
(Mo + W) ≧ 4.3%
As described above, the high temperature oxidation resistance can be remarkably improved by combining Mo and W. For that purpose, the total amount of these elements is preferably 4.3% or more. More preferably, it is 4.7% or more.
[0023]
Nb: 5 (C + N) to 1.0%
Nb is an element effective for improving the high-temperature strength, and in order to exert this effect, it is necessary to contain 5 (C + N) or more in consideration of the amount of C and N. However, too much addition increases the strength at room temperature and decreases the workability, so 1.0% was made the upper limit. More preferably, it is 0.4 to 0.7% of range.
[0024]
N: 0.02% or less N, as well as C, deteriorates toughness and workability, so it is preferable to reduce the mixing thereof as much as possible. From this point of view, in the present invention, the N content is limited to 0.02% or less. More preferably, it is 0.008% or less.
[0025]
Although the basic components have been described above, in the present invention, other elements described below can be appropriately contained.
At least one selected from Ti: 0.5% or less, Zr: 0.5% or less, and V: 0.5% or less
All of Ti, Zr and V have the effect of fixing C and N and improving the intergranular corrosion resistance. From this viewpoint, it is preferable to contain 0.02% or more. However, if the content exceeds 0.5%, the steel material becomes brittle, so each content was 0.5% or less.
Since these elements are also effective for improving the high-temperature strength, it is preferable that the amount of (W + Ti + Zr + V + Cu) combined with the above-described W and Cu described later is more than 3%.
[0026]
At least one selected from Ni: 2.0% or less, Cu: 1.0% or less, Co: 1.0% or less, and Ca: 0.01% or less
Ni, Cu, Co, and Ca are all elements that are useful for improving toughness. Ni: 2.0% or less, Cu: 1.0% or less, Co: 1.0% or less, Ca: 0.01% or less did. In particular, Ca, when Ti is contained, effectively contributes to prevention of nozzle clogging during continuous casting. In order to sufficiently exhibit the effects of these elements, it is preferable to contain Ni in a range of 0.5% or more, Cu: 0.05% or more, Co: 0.03% or more, and Ca: 0.0005% or more.
[0027]
Al: 0.5% or less
Al is useful as a deoxidizer, and for that purpose, it is preferable to contain 0.01% or more. Further, Al forms a dense scale on the surface of the welded portion, prevents oxygen and nitrogen from being absorbed during welding, and contributes effectively to improving the toughness of the welded portion. For this purpose, it is preferable to contain 0.02% or more. However, since the effect reaches saturation when the content exceeds 0.5%, in this invention, the content is set to 0.5% or less.
[0028]
At least one of B and Mg selected from B: 0.01% or less and Mg: 0.01% or less contributes to the improvement of secondary work brittleness. However, if the content exceeds 0.01%, the strength at room temperature is increased. In addition, it causes a decrease in ductility, so each content was made 0.01% or less. More preferably, B is 0.0003% or more, and Mg is 0.0003% or more.
[0029]
REM: 0.1% or less
Since REM contributes effectively to the improvement of oxidation resistance, it was added at 0.1% or less. More preferably, it is 0.002% or more. In the present invention, REM means a lanthanoid element and Y.
[0030]
Next, the suitable manufacturing method of this invention steel is demonstrated. The production conditions of the steel of the present invention are not particularly limited, and general production methods for Cr-containing steel can be suitably used.
For example, molten steel adjusted to the above-mentioned proper composition range is melted using a refining furnace such as a converter, electric furnace, etc., and ladle refining, vacuum refining, etc. -After making into a slab by a block method, it is preferable to go through each process of hot rolling, hot-rolled sheet annealing, pickling, cold-rolling, finish annealing, and pickling sequentially to make a cold-rolled annealed sheet. Further, the cold rolling may be one or two or more cold rolling including intermediate annealing. The steps of cold rolling, finish annealing, and pickling may be repeated. In some cases, hot-rolled sheet annealing may be omitted. Further, when gloss is required, it is advantageous to apply a skin pass or the like.
[0031]
【Example】
50 kg steel ingots having the composition shown in Table 1 were prepared. These steel ingots were heated to 1100 ° C. and then hot rolled into hot rolled sheets having a thickness of 5 mm. Then, for these hot-rolled sheets, hot-rolled sheet annealing (annealing temperature: 1000 ° C)-pickling-cold rolling (cold rolling reduction ratio: 60%)-finish annealing (annealing temperature: 1000 ° C)-pickling Were applied in order to obtain a cold-rolled annealed plate having a thickness of 2 mm.
Table 2 shows the results of examining the workability and high-temperature oxidation resistance of the cold-rolled annealed sheet thus obtained.
[0032]
Each characteristic was evaluated as follows.
(1) Workability From each cold-rolled annealed sheet, two JIS 13 B tensile test pieces each having the rolling direction as the tensile direction were sampled and subjected to a tensile test at room temperature in accordance with the provisions of JIS G 0567. The average elongation value of the two test pieces was determined. If the elongation value is 34% or more, it can be said that the workability is excellent.
(2) High-temperature oxidation resistance Two test pieces (2 mm thickness x 20 mm width x 30 mm length) were sampled from each cold-rolled annealed plate, and these test pieces were placed in an atmosphere of 950 ° C for 100 hours. Retained. The weight of each test piece before and after the test was measured, the change in weight before and after the test was calculated, and the average value of the two pieces was obtained. The smaller the change in weight, the better the high-temperature oxidation resistance. If the weight change is 10 mg / cm 2 or less, it can be said that the high-temperature oxidation resistance is excellent.
[0033]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003903855
[0034]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003903855
[0035]
As is apparent from Table 2, all the steel sheets according to the present invention have excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance as well as workability.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
Thus, according to the present invention, ferritic stainless steel having excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance can be obtained without impairing workability at room temperature.
Therefore, according to the present invention, by improving the engine performance, it is possible to stably supply an exhaust system member that can withstand the exhaust gas temperature even when the exhaust gas temperature exceeds 900 ° C. It is also advantageously adapted to applications that require high workability and oxidation resistance, such as fuel cell-related members.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of examining high-temperature oxidation resistance when W is added in various proportions based on 14% Cr-0.05% Si-0.5% Nb-1.8% Mo steel.

Claims (7)

質量%で、
C:0.02%以下、
Si:0.1 %以下、
Mn:2.0 %以下、
Cr:12.0〜16.0%、
Mo:1.0 〜5.0 %、
W:2.0 %超、5.0 %以下、
Nb:5(C+N)〜1.0 %および
N:0.02%以下
を含有し、残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物の組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
% By mass
C: 0.02% or less,
Si: 0.1% or less,
Mn: 2.0% or less,
Cr: 12.0-16.0%
Mo: 1.0-5.0%,
W: Over 2.0%, up to 5.0%,
Nb: 5 (C + N) to 1.0% and N: 0.02% or less, the balance being Fe and an inevitable impurity composition, ferritic stainless steel soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance steel.
請求項1において、MoおよびWの合計量が、質量%で
(Mo+W)≧4.3 %
を満足することを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
In Claim 1, the total amount of Mo and W is (Mo + W) ≧ 4.3% in mass%.
A ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
請求項1または2において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Ti:0.5 %以下、
Zr:0.5 %以下および
V:0.5 %以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
3. The steel according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising mass%.
Ti: 0.5% or less,
A ferritic stainless steel having a composition containing at least one selected from Zr: 0.5% or less and V: 0.5% or less, which is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
請求項1,2または3において、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Ni:2.0 %以下、
Cu:1.0 %以下、
Co:1.0 %以下および
Ca:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
The steel according to claim 1, 2, or 3, further in mass%.
Ni: 2.0% or less,
Cu: 1.0% or less,
Co: 1.0% or less and
Ca: Ferritic stainless steel that has a composition containing at least one selected from 0.01% or less and is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance.
請求項1〜4のいずれかにおいて、鋼がさらに、質量%で
Al:0.5 %以下
を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
In any one of Claims 1-4, steel is further in the mass%.
Al: Ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance, characterized by having a composition containing 0.5% or less.
請求項1〜5のいずれかにおいて、鋼がさらに、質量%で
B:0.01%以下、
Mg:0.01%以下
のうちから選んだ少なくとも一種を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
In any one of Claims 1-5, steel is further B: 0.01% or less by mass%,
Mg: Ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance, characterized in that the composition contains at least one selected from 0.01% or less.
請求項1〜6のいずれかにおいて、鋼がさらに、質量%で
REM:0.1 %以下
を含有する組成になることを特徴とする、室温で軟質かつ耐高温酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
In any one of Claims 1-6, steel is further in the mass%.
REM: Ferritic stainless steel that is soft at room temperature and excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance, characterized by having a composition containing 0.1% or less.
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