JP3897225B2

JP3897225B2 - Caulking method

Info

Publication number: JP3897225B2
Application number: JP2000325808A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 元喜渡辺
Original assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Current assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date: 2000-10-25
Filing date: 2000-10-25
Publication date: 2007-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2020-10-25
Also published as: JP2002126837A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、第１部材の端部を第２部材の一表面に当接させた状態でかしめ締結することにより、両部材を一体的に結合するかしめ結合方法に関する。本発明のかしめ結合方法は、例えば車両用オートマチック部品のドラムやハブをシャフトにかしめ締結する場合に好適に利用することができる。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
自動車用オートマチック部品としてのドラムやハブは、シャフトに対して一体的に結合されている。かかるドラムやハブとシャフトとの結合には、電子ビーム溶接やレーザ溶接等が利用されている。
【０００３】
一方、特開昭６２−１３８２５号公報や特開昭６２−１３８２６号公報には、ギア部とドラム部とをかしめ締結により一体的に結合したドラム付きクラッチギアが開示されている。
【０００４】
特開昭６２−１３８２５号公報に開示されたドラム付きクラッチギアは、図８に示すように、平歯又はヘリカル歯よりなる歯部８０ａが外周面に設けられるとともに軸方向に延びる所定深さで環状の結合溝８１が一端側の厚肉部８２端面に設けられた略円筒状のギア部８０と、噛合い凹凸部８３ａが一端開口縁に設けられるとともに該結合溝８１と嵌合可能な結合用円筒部８４が他端に設けられたドラム部８３とからなる。
【０００５】
そして、ギア部８０の結合溝８１内にドラム部８３の結合用円筒部８４を圧入した後、厚肉部８２の内周側端縁８２ａを結合用円筒部８４の傾斜内周縁８４ａにプレス等によりかしめるか、又はレーザ溶接することにより、ギア部８０とドラム部８３とが一体的に結合されている。なお、ギア部８０側の結合溝８１及びドラム部８３側の結合用円筒部８４の少なくとも一方の周面にセレーション部８５が設けられており、これによりねじりトルクに対する結合強度を向上させている。
【０００６】
また、特開昭６２−１３８２６号公報に開示されたドラム付きクラッチギアは、図９に示すように、平歯又はヘリカル歯よりなる歯部９０ａが外周面に設けられるとともに外周側の結合面９１ａ及び内周側の位置決めリング部９１ｂが一端側の厚肉部９２端面に設けられた略円筒状のギア部９０と、噛合い凹凸部９３ａが一端開口縁に設けられるとともに該位置決めリング部９１ｂと嵌合可能な嵌合穴９４ａ及び該結合面９１ａと当接する当接面９４ｂを有する結合用フランジ部９４が他端に設けられたドラム部９３とからなる。また、ギア部９０の結合面９１ａ及びドラム部９３の当接面９４ｂには互いに係合可能なセレーション部がそれぞれ設けられている。
【０００７】
そして、ギア部９０の位置決めリング部９１ｂとドラム部９３の嵌合穴９４ａとを嵌合するとともにセレーション部を係合させつつギア部９０の結合面９１ａとドラム部９３の当接面９４ｂとを当接した後、位置決めリング部９１ｂの先端をプレス等によりかしめるか、又は位置決めリング９１ｂとこれに嵌合する結合用フランジ部９４とをレーザ溶接することにより、ギア部９０とドラム部９３とが一体的に結合されている。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、電子ビーム溶接やレーザ溶接を利用して２つの部材を結合する場合、電子ビームやレーザを発生させるべく、特殊な溶接装置の使用や多大な電力消費が必要となり、コスト高となる。
【０００９】
一方、かしめ締結を利用して２つの部材を結合する場合は、プレス機械等の使用のみで足りるため、接合に要するコストの面では有利となる。しかし、前記公報の技術にみられるように、両部材の結合位置を定める特殊形状の位置決め部を予め両部材に設けておく必要があり、結合構造が複雑となり、部材の加工コストが大きくなる。
【００１０】
具体的には、特開平６２−１３８２５号公報のドラム付きクラッチギアでは、ギア部８０とドラム部８３との軸方向における結合位置を定めるべく、所定深さの結合溝８１及び所定長さの結合用円筒部８４を予め設けておく必要がある。また、特開平６２−１３８２６−号公報のドラム付きクラッチギアでは、ギア部９０とドラム部９３との軸方向における結合位置を定めるべく、結合面９１ａをギア部９０に予め設けておく必要がある。
【００１１】
本発明は上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、圧入及びかしめ加工を利用して２つの部材をかしめ結合する方法において、圧入の進退方向における結合位置を定めるための位置決め部を予め設けることを不要として、結合構造の簡素化により部材の加工コストを低減させるのに有利となるかしめ結合方法を提供することを解決すべき技術課題とするものである。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決する本発明のかしめ結合方法は、第１部材の端部を第２部材の一表面に当接させた状態で両部材を一体的に結合するかしめ結合方法であって、
上記端部を上記第２部材に食い込ませながら上記一表面の一端から押し込んで圧入し、該端部で押し流される該第２部材の材料流動により該端部の圧入進行側における該一表面に、該一表面から所定の長さ及び厚さで突出する棚部を形成する圧入工程と、
上記端部の圧入後退側における上記一表面にかしめ加工を施してかしめ加工部を形成するかしめ加工工程とを順に実施し、
上記一表面に当接された上記端部を該一表面にそれぞれ形成された上記棚部及び上記かしめ加工部間で上記圧入の進退方向に挟持することを特徴とするものである。
【００１３】
好適な態様において、前記第２部材は円筒部を有するとともに前記第１部材は該円筒部の内径よりも若干大きな外径をもつ外周縁端部を有し、該第２部材の前記一表面に相当する該円筒部の内周面に当接された該第１部材の前記端部に相当する該円周端縁部を、該内周面にそれぞれ形成された前記棚部及び前記かしめ加工部間で前記圧入の進退方向に挟持する。
好適な態様において、前記圧入工程及び前記かしめ加工工程は、前記円筒部の外周面を型内周面で拘束しながら行う。
【００１４】
好適な態様において、前記第１部材の前記端部の端面には、谷部及び山部がそれぞれ前記圧入の進退方向に延在する凹凸係合部が予め設けられており、前記圧入工程により、前記第２部材の前記一表面に該凹凸係合部と係合する凹凸被係合部が形成される。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のかしめ結合方法は、第１部材の端部を第２部材の一表面に当接させた状態で両部材を一体的に結合するもので、圧入工程と、これの後に実施するかしめ加工工程とからなる。
【００１６】
上記圧入工程では、上記第１部材の端部を上記第２部材に食い込ませながら該第２部材の一表面の一端から押し込んで圧入し、該端部で押し流される該第２部材の材料流動により該端部の圧入進行側における該一表面に、該一表面から所定の長さ及び厚さで突出する棚部を形成する。
【００１７】
上記かしめ加工工程では、上記第１部材の端部の圧入後退側における上記第２部材の一表面にかしめ加工を施してかしめ加工部を形成する。
【００１８】
こうして圧入工程により第２部材の一表面に形成された棚部と、圧入工程後のかしめ加工工程により該一表面に形成されたかしめ加工部との間で、該一表面に当接する第１部材の端部を圧入の進退方向に挟持することにより、この圧入の進退方向における両部材間の位置決め精度や結合強度を確保することができる。
【００１９】
そして、本発明のかしめ結合方法では、上記棚部が圧入工程時に形成されることから、位置決め精度や結合強度を確保するための位置決め部や結合部（前述した従来例における結合溝８１、結合用円筒部８４、結合面９１ａやこれらに設けられたセレーション部）等を予め設けておく必要がなく、しかも結合構造も簡素となる。したがって、部材の加工コストを低減させることが可能となる。
【００２０】
上記第１部材及び上記第２部材の形状は特に限定されない。例えば、角材、板材や長尺材等とすることができる。
【００２１】
好適には、第２部材は円筒部を有するとともに、第１部材は該円筒部の内径よりも若干大きな外径をもつ外周縁端部を有する形状とすることができる。こうすることで、第２部材の前記一表面に相当する該円筒部の内周面に当接された第１部材の前記端部に相当する該円周端縁部を、該内周面にそれぞれ形成された前記棚部及び前記かしめ加工部間で前記圧入の進退方向に挟持することができる。したがって、第２部材の円筒部に対して第１部材の外周縁端部を一体的に結合させることができ、両部材間の軸方向（圧入の進退方向）における相対移動を上記棚部及びかしめ加工部で確実に規制することが可能となる。
このとき、圧入工程及びかしめ加工工程は、前記円筒部の外周面を型内周面で拘束しながら行うことが好ましい。これにより、圧入工程及びかしめ加工工程における円筒部の変形を防止することができる。
【００２２】
また、本発明のかしめ結合方法において、圧入の進退方向における結合強度のみならず、圧入の進退方向に直交する方向における結合強度をも高めるべく、前記第１部材の前記端部の端面に、谷部及び山部がそれぞれ前記圧入の進退方向に延在する凹凸係合部を予め設けておくことが好ましい。こうすることで、前記圧入工程により、該凹凸係合部と対応して係合された凹凸被係合部を前記第２部材の前記一表面に形成することができる。
【００２３】
すなわち、第１部材の端面に予め設けられた凹凸係合部を第２部材に食い込ませながら一表面の一端から押し込んで圧入することにより、該凹凸係合部のうち山部が第２部材に食い込むことにより該一表面に谷部が形成されるとともに該凹凸係合部の谷部に相当する部分に山部が形成されることから、第１部材の該凹凸係合部に対応する凹凸被係合部を第２部材の一表面に形成することができる。このとき、第１部材の端部の圧入進行側における第２部材の一表面に形成される前記棚部は、第１部材の凹凸係合部のうち山部で押し流された第２部材の材料流動により形成されることから、凹凸係合部の山部に相当する部分に形成されることになる。
【００２４】
このように、第１部材の端部の端面に凹凸係合部を予め設けておくことにより、圧入工程時に、該凹凸係合部と対応して係合された凹凸被係合部を前記棚部とともに第２部材の一表面に形成することができる。したがって、第１部材の凹凸係合部及び第２部材の凹凸被係合部間の凹凸係合により、圧入の進退方向に直交する方向における結合強度を高めることができ、該直交方向における第１部材及び第２部材間の相対移動を確実に規制することが可能となる。このとき、上述したように第２部材が円筒部を有するとともに第１部材が該円筒部の内径よりも若干大きな外径を有する外周縁端部を有するものであれば、両部材間の軸方向（圧入の進退方向）における相対移動を上記棚部及びかしめ加工部で確実に規制するとともに、両部材間の相対回転を上記凹凸係合部及び凹凸被係合部で確実に規制することが可能となる。
【００２５】
また、第１部材の端部に予め設けておく凹凸係合部は、プレス又は切削加工により山部（歯丈）の高いものとしておくことにより、両部材間の相対回転をより確実に規制することが可能となる。具体的には、この凹凸係合部における山部（歯丈）の高さは、０．９〜１．５ｍｍ程度とすることが好ましい。
【００２６】
ここに、本発明のかしめ結合方法では、第１部材の硬度を第２部材の硬度よりも高いものとする。第１部材の硬度が第２部材の硬度よりも低いと、前記圧入工程時に、第２部材の一表面に前記棚部及ぶ前記凹凸被係合部を形成することができないからである。具体的には、ビッカース硬さで、第１部材の硬度を４５０Ｈｖ程度以上とするとともに第２部材の硬度を８０〜１５０Ｈｖ程度とし、かつ、第１部材の硬度を第２部材の硬度の３倍以上高くすることが好ましい。
【００２７】
また、前記棚部の大きさは、圧入代（第１部材の端部と第２部材の一表面の一端との重なり幅）及び圧入長（圧入により第１部材が押し込まれる長さ）によって適宜設定可能であり、該棚部とかしめ加工部とで第１部材の端部を挟持することにより、圧入方向における結合力を適切に確保しうるように該棚部の大きさを設定することができる。具体的には、該棚部は、第２部材の一表面から突出して第１部材の端部と重なる部分の長さが１．０〜３．０ｍｍ程度となり、圧入方向における厚さが０．２〜０．６ｍｍ程度となるような大きさとすることができる。
【００２８】
前記かしめ加工部の大きさも、上記棚部と該かしめ加工部とで第１部材の端部を挟持することにより、圧入方向における結合力を適切に確保しうるように設定することができる。具体的には、該かしめ加工部は、第２部材の一表面から突出して第１部材の端部と重なる部分の長さが０．８〜１．２ｍｍ程度となり、圧入方向における厚さが０．５〜１．５ｍｍ程度となるような大きさとすることができる。
【００２９】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の具体的な実施例について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。
【００３０】
本実施例は、自動車用オートマチック部品としてのハブ及びシャフトの結合に本発明を適用したものであり、図１に結合後の状態を示すように、シャフト１とハブ２とが一体的に結合されている。
【００３１】
シャフト１は、軸直角断面形状が円形のパイプ状をなし、一端から遠心方向に水平に延出する鍔部１１を一体に有している。このシャフト１は、請求項１乃至４に記載された発明に係る第１部材を構成し、鍔部１１の外周縁端部１１ａが請求項１乃至４に記載された発明に係る端部又は外周縁端部を構成する。なお、鍔部１１の下面には、ハブ２の後述する内側円筒部２３の内周面に棚部２４を成形するための環状の逃げ凹部１１ｂが形成されている（図２参照）。
【００３２】
ハブ２は、外側円筒部２１と、この外側円筒部２１の下端から求心方向に一体に略水平に延出する水平フランジ部２２と、この水平フランジ部２２の求心側端縁から垂直に上方に向かって一体に延出する内側円筒部２３とから構成されている。このハブ２は、請求項１乃至４に記載された発明に係る第２部材を構成し、内側円筒部２３が請求項２に記載された発明に係る円筒部を構成するとともに該内側円筒部２３の内周面が請求項１乃至４に記載された発明に係る一表面を構成する。なお、外側円筒部２１及び内側円筒部２３は同軸をなし、外側円筒部２１の方が内側円筒部２３よりも軸方向長さが長くされている。
【００３３】
ここに、上記シャフト１の鍔部１１の外周縁端部１１ａは、ハブ２の内側円筒部２３の内径よりも若干大きな外径を有し、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａがハブ２の内側円筒部２３に圧入されている。
【００３４】
また、図２に示すように、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａの下側（後述する圧入進行側）における内側円筒部２３の内周面には棚部２４が後述する圧入工程時に形成されるとともに、該外周縁端部１１ａの上側（後述する圧入後退側）における内側円筒部２３の該内周面にはかしめ加工部２５が後述するかしめ加工工程時に形成されており、該棚部２４及び該かしめ加工部２５間で該外周縁端部１１ａが軸方向に挟持されている。
【００３５】
さらに、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａの外周端面には、谷部及び山部がそれぞれ軸方向（後述する圧入工程における圧入の進退方向）に延在するセレーション部としての凹凸係合部１２が予め設けられており、また、ハブ２の内側円筒部２３の内周面には、山部及び谷部がそれぞれ軸方向に延在し、上記シャフト１の凹凸係合部１２と対応して係合された凹凸被係合部２６が形成されている（図６参照）。シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａに予め設けられた凹凸係合部１２は、後述するようにプレス加工によるもので、凹凸係合部１２における山部（歯丈）の高さは高トルクに対応すべく１．２ｍｍとされている。
【００３６】
なお、上記シャフト１はビッカース硬さがＨｖ８００程度であるＳＣＭ４２０Ｈ（浸炭処理されたクロムモリブデン鋼）よりなり、上記ハブ２はビッカース硬さがＨｖ１００程度であるＳＰＨＤ（熱間圧延鋼板）よりなる。また、上記棚部２４は、内側円筒部２３の内周面から突出して外周縁端部１１ａと重なる部分の長さが２．０ｍｍであり、軸方向における厚さが０．４ｍｍである。さらに、上記かしめ加工部２５は、内側円筒部２３の内周面から突出して外周縁端部１１ａと重なる部分の長さが１．０ｍｍであり、軸方向における厚さが１．０ｍｍである。
【００３７】
以下、本実施例におけるかしめ結合方法を説明する。
【００３８】
（セレーション成形工程）
まず、パイプ状素材からプレス加工等により一端に鍔部１１を有するシャフト１を所定形状に成形した後、図３に示すようにシャフト１をダイス３１のダイス穴３１ａ内にセットした。このダイス３１のダイス穴３１ａの内周面にはセレーションとしての凹凸係合部１２を成形するための歯部３１ｂが下方部に形成されている。なお、ダイス３１のダイス穴３１ａの内径は、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａの外径と略同一とされている。
【００３９】
そして、シャフト１の孔内に嵌合される中央凸部３２ａと、シャフト１の鍔部１１に当接される環状当接面３２ｂとを有する第１パンチ３２でシャフト１をダイス穴３１ａ内に押し込んで、ダイス３１の歯部３１ｂで外周縁端部１１ａの外周端面に凹凸係合部１２を成形した。
【００４０】
（圧入工程）
次に、板状素材からプレス加工等により外側円筒部２１、水平フランジ部２２及び内側円筒部２３を一体に有するハブ２を所定形状に成形した後、図４に示すように、中心孔３３ａを有する下型３３上にハブ２をセットするとともに、このハブ２上にリング型３４をセットした。これにより、下型３３及びリング型３４でハブ２の水平フランジ部２２を挟持するとともに、リング型３４の内周面でハブ２の内側円筒部２３の外周面を拘束した。なお、リング型３４で内側円筒部２３を拘束するのは、圧入工程時及びかしめ加工工程時における内側円筒部２３の変形を防止するためである。
【００４１】
そして、下型３３の中心孔３３ａ内にシャフト１をセットした。このとき、ハブ２の内側円筒部２３はシャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａの外径よりも小さな内径となるように予め切削加工されていることから、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａは内側円筒部２３の内周側上端面上に置かれる（図４の状態）。
【００４２】
そして、第２パンチ３５でシャフト１を上方から押し込んで、ハブ２の内側円筒部２３内にシャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａを圧入した。なお、第２パンチ３５は、パンチ部における外径が内側円筒部２３の内径よりも若干小さくされており、圧入工程終了時には、第２パンチ３５のパンチ部が内側円筒部２３内に挿入する。
【００４３】
これにより、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａが内側円筒部２３に食い込みながら該内側円筒部２３の内周面の上端から押し込まれて圧入されるため、図５に示すように、該外周縁端部１１ａで押し流される内側円筒部２３の材料流動により該外周円端部１１ａの圧入進行側（図５の矢印Ｐ側）における該内側円筒部２３の内周面に棚部２４が形成された。なお、圧入工程終了時には、シャフト１の鍔部１１の下面は下型３３の上面に当接しており、この下面に形成された逃げ凹部１１ｂ内に棚部２４が形成される。
【００４４】
また、外周縁端部１１ａの外周端面にはセレーション部としての凹凸係合部１２が予め形成されていることから、この凹凸係合部１２が内側円筒部２３に食い込みながら該内側円筒部２３の内周面の上端から押し込まれて圧入されるため、図６に示すように、シャフト１の凹凸係合部１２に対応して係合された凹凸被係合部２６が該内側円筒部２３の内周面に形成された。
【００４５】
（かしめ加工工程）
最後に、図７に示すように、かしめ加工部２５を成形するための環状凸部３６ａを下面の外周端部に有する第３パンチ３６で、内側円筒部２３の内周側上端面を押圧して押し潰した。これにより、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａの圧入後退側における内側円筒部２３の内周面にかしめ加工を施してかしめ加工部２５を形成した。
【００４６】
こうして、シャフト１とハブ２とは、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａがハブ２の内側円筒部２３に圧入されるとともに、該外周縁端部１１ａが内側円筒部２３の内周面に形成された棚部２４及びかしめ加工部２５間で軸方向に挟持されることにより、軸方向における相対移動が確実に規制されている。また、シャフト１とハブ２とは、シャフト１の外周縁端部１１ａがハブ２の内側円筒部２３に圧入されるとともに、外周縁端部１１ａの凹凸係合部１２と内側円筒部２３の凹凸被係合部２６とが係合されることにより、相対回転も確実に規制されている。したがって、このシャフト１及びハブ２の結合は、軸方向及び回転方向の荷重に十分耐えうるものとなる。
【００４７】
また、本実施例のかしめ結合方法では、ハブ２に対してシャフト１を圧入すると同時に、両者間の軸方向における位置決め精度及び結合強度を確保するための棚部２４と、両者間の回転方向における結合強度を確保するための凹凸被係合部２６とを成形することができるため、位置決め精度や結合強度を確保するための位置決め部や結合部等を予め設けておく必要がなく、しかも結合構造も簡素となる。したがって、部材の加工コストを低減させることが可能となる。
【００４８】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明のかしめ結合方法は、圧入及びかしめ加工を利用して２つの部材をかしめ結合する際に、圧入の進退方向における結合位置を定めるための位置決め部を予め設けることが不要となり、しかも結合構造も簡素となるため、部材の加工コストを低減させるのに有利となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本実施例に係り、シャフトとハブとを結合した状態を示す断面図である。
【図２】本実施例に係り、シャフトとハブとの結合構造を示す要部断面図である。
【図３】本実施例のかしめ結合方法に係り、セレーション加工する様子を示す断面図である。
【図４】本実施例のかしめ結合方法に係り、圧入工程を説明する断面図である。
【図５】上記圧入工程により、棚部が成形された後の状態を示す要部断面図である。
【図６】上記圧入工程により、凹凸被係合部が形成された後の状態を示す要部平面図である。
【図７】本実施例のかしめ結合方法に係り、かしめ加工工程を説明する断面図である。
【図８】従来例に係り、２つの部材の結合構造を示す断面図である。
【図９】その他の従来例に係り、２つの部材の結合構造を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１…シャフト（第１部材）２…ハブ（第２部材）
１１ａ…外周縁端部（端部）１２…凹凸係合部
２３…内側円筒部（円筒部）２４…棚部
２５…かしめ加工部２６…凹凸被係合部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a caulking coupling method in which both members are integrally coupled by caulking and fastening in a state where an end portion of a first member is in contact with one surface of a second member. The caulking and coupling method of the present invention can be suitably used, for example, when caulking and fastening a drum or hub of an automatic part for a vehicle to a shaft.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A drum or a hub as an automatic part for an automobile is integrally connected to a shaft. Electron beam welding, laser welding, or the like is used for coupling the drum or hub to the shaft.
[0003]
On the other hand, JP-A-62-13825 and JP-A-62-13826 disclose a clutch gear with a drum in which a gear part and a drum part are integrally coupled by caulking and fastening.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 8, the clutch gear with a drum disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-13825 is provided with a tooth portion 80a made of a flat tooth or a helical tooth on the outer peripheral surface and at a predetermined depth extending in the axial direction. A substantially cylindrical gear portion 80 in which an annular coupling groove 81 is provided on the end surface of the thick wall portion 82 on one end side, and a meshing uneven portion 83a is provided on one end opening edge, and a coupling that can be fitted into the coupling groove 81 The cylinder portion 84 is composed of a drum portion 83 provided at the other end.
[0005]
After the coupling cylindrical portion 84 of the drum portion 83 is press-fitted into the coupling groove 81 of the gear portion 80, the inner peripheral side edge 82a of the thick portion 82 is pressed to the inclined inner peripheral edge 84a of the coupling cylindrical portion 84, etc. The gear portion 80 and the drum portion 83 are integrally coupled by caulking or laser welding. A serration portion 85 is provided on at least one peripheral surface of the coupling groove 81 on the gear portion 80 side and the coupling cylindrical portion 84 on the drum portion 83 side, thereby improving the coupling strength against torsional torque.
[0006]
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the clutch gear with a drum disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-13826 is provided with a tooth portion 90a made of a flat tooth or a helical tooth on the outer peripheral surface and a coupling surface 91a on the outer peripheral side. And a substantially cylindrical gear portion 90 in which a positioning ring portion 91b on the inner peripheral side is provided on the end surface of the thick portion 92 on one end side, and a meshing uneven portion 93a is provided on one end opening edge and the positioning ring portion 91b A coupling flange portion 94 having a fitting hole 94a that can be fitted and an abutment surface 94b that abuts on the coupling surface 91a includes a drum portion 93 provided at the other end. Further, serration portions that can be engaged with each other are provided on the coupling surface 91a of the gear portion 90 and the contact surface 94b of the drum portion 93, respectively.
[0007]
Then, the coupling surface 91a of the gear portion 90 and the contact surface 94b of the drum portion 93 are engaged with the positioning ring portion 91b of the gear portion 90 and the fitting hole 94a of the drum portion 93 and engaging the serration portion. After the contact, the gear part 90 and the drum part 93 are connected by caulking the tip of the positioning ring part 91b with a press or by laser welding the positioning ring 91b and the coupling flange part 94 fitted to the positioning ring 91b. Are joined together.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when two members are joined using electron beam welding or laser welding, use of a special welding apparatus and a great amount of power consumption are required to generate the electron beam and laser, resulting in high costs.
[0009]
On the other hand, when two members are joined using caulking, it is only necessary to use a press machine or the like, which is advantageous in terms of cost required for joining. However, as seen in the technique of the above-mentioned publication, it is necessary to provide both members with a special-shaped positioning portion that determines the coupling position of both members in advance, which makes the coupling structure complicated and increases the processing cost of the members.
[0010]
Specifically, in the clutch gear with a drum disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-13825, a coupling groove 81 having a predetermined depth and a coupling having a predetermined length are set to determine a coupling position in the axial direction between the gear unit 80 and the drum unit 83. It is necessary to provide the cylinder portion 84 for use in advance. Further, in the clutch gear with a drum disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-13826-, it is necessary to previously provide a coupling surface 91a on the gear unit 90 in order to determine a coupling position in the axial direction between the gear unit 90 and the drum unit 93. .
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a method of caulking and joining two members using press-fitting and caulking, a positioning portion for determining a joining position in the forward / backward direction of press-fitting is provided in advance. It is a technical problem to be solved to provide a caulking joining method that is advantageous for reducing the processing cost of members by simplifying the joining structure as unnecessary.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The caulking coupling method of the present invention that solves the above problem is a caulking coupling method in which both members are integrally coupled in a state where the end of the first member is in contact with one surface of the second member,
While pushing the end portion into the second member while being pushed in from one end of the one surface, the material flow of the second member swept away by the end portion causes the one surface on the press-fitting progress side of the end portion to the one surface . A press-fitting step of forming a shelf protruding at a predetermined length and thickness from the one surface ;
A caulking process step for forming a caulking part by performing caulking process on the one surface on the press-fitting and retracting side of the end part in order,
The end portion in contact with the one surface is sandwiched between the shelf portion and the caulking portion respectively formed on the one surface in the forward / backward direction of the press-fitting.
[0013]
In a preferred aspect, the second member has a cylindrical portion, and the first member has an outer peripheral edge portion having an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion, and is formed on the one surface of the second member. The shelf portion and the caulking portion formed on the inner peripheral surface of the circumferential end edge portion corresponding to the end portion of the first member that is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the corresponding cylindrical portion. It is clamped in the forward and backward direction of the press-fitting.
In a preferred aspect, the press-fitting step and the caulking step are performed while restraining the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion with the inner peripheral surface of the mold.
[0014]
In a preferred aspect, the end surface of the end portion of the first member is provided with a concave and convex engaging portion in which a trough portion and a mountain portion each extend in the advance and retreat direction of the press-fitting, and by the press-fitting step, An uneven engagement portion that engages with the uneven engagement portion is formed on the one surface of the second member.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the caulking and coupling method of the present invention, both members are integrally coupled in a state where the end of the first member is in contact with one surface of the second member. The press-fitting step and the caulking process performed after this are performed. Process.
[0016]
In the press-fitting step, the end of the first member is pushed in from one end of one surface of the second member while the end of the first member is biting into the second member, and the material flow of the second member that is pushed away at the end A shelf that protrudes from the one surface with a predetermined length and thickness is formed on the one surface on the press-fitting progress side of the end.
[0017]
In the caulking process, caulking is performed on one surface of the second member on the press-fitting and retracting side of the end of the first member to form a caulking part.
[0018]
The first member that comes into contact with the one surface between the shelf portion formed on the one surface of the second member by the press-fitting step and the caulking portion formed on the one surface by the caulking step after the press-fitting step. By sandwiching the end portion in the forward / backward direction of press-fitting, it is possible to ensure positioning accuracy and coupling strength between the two members in the forward / backward direction of press-fitting.
[0019]
In the caulking and coupling method of the present invention, the shelf is formed during the press-fitting process, so that the positioning portion and the coupling portion (the coupling groove 81 in the conventional example described above, for coupling) are used to ensure positioning accuracy and coupling strength. It is not necessary to previously provide the cylindrical portion 84, the coupling surface 91a, and the serration portion provided thereon, and the coupling structure is simplified. Therefore, the processing cost of the member can be reduced.
[0020]
The shapes of the first member and the second member are not particularly limited. For example, it can be a square, a plate, a long material, or the like.
[0021]
Preferably, the second member has a cylindrical portion, and the first member may have a shape having an outer peripheral edge portion having an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion. In this way, the circumferential edge corresponding to the end of the first member that is in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion corresponding to the one surface of the second member is formed on the inner circumferential surface. It can be clamped in the forward / backward direction of the press-fitting between the shelf part and the caulking part formed respectively. Therefore, the outer peripheral edge of the first member can be integrally coupled to the cylindrical portion of the second member, and relative movement between the two members in the axial direction (advancing and retracting direction of press-fitting) can be performed. It is possible to reliably regulate at the processing part.
At this time, it is preferable to perform the press-fitting process and the caulking process while restraining the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion with the inner peripheral surface of the mold. Thereby, a deformation | transformation of the cylindrical part in a press-fit process and a caulking process can be prevented.
[0022]
Further, in the caulking coupling method of the present invention, in order to increase not only the coupling strength in the forward / backward direction of the press-fitting but also the coupling strength in the direction orthogonal to the forward / backward direction of the press-fitting, a trough is formed on the end surface of the end portion of the first member. It is preferable to provide in advance a concavo-convex engaging portion in which the portion and the mountain portion extend in the advance and retreat direction of the press-fitting. By doing so, it is possible to form, on the one surface of the second member, the concave and convex engaged portion that is engaged with the concave and convex engaging portion by the press-fitting step.
[0023]
That is, by pressing and pressing from one end of one surface while the concave and convex engaging portion provided in advance on the end surface of the first member is biting into the second member, the peak portion of the concave and convex engaging portion is applied to the second member. By biting in, a trough is formed on the one surface and a crest is formed at a portion corresponding to the trough of the concave and convex engaging portion, so that the concave and convex covering corresponding to the concave and convex engaging portion of the first member is formed. The engaging portion can be formed on one surface of the second member. At this time, the shelf formed on one surface of the second member on the press-fitting progress side of the end of the first member is a material of the second member that has been swept away by the peak portion of the concave and convex engaging portions of the first member. Since it is formed by flow, it is formed at a portion corresponding to the peak portion of the concave-convex engaging portion.
[0024]
In this way, by providing the uneven engagement portion in advance on the end surface of the end portion of the first member, the uneven engagement portion engaged corresponding to the uneven engagement portion during the press-fitting process is placed on the shelf. It can form on one surface of a 2nd member with a part. Therefore, the coupling strength in the direction perpendicular to the forward and backward direction of press-fitting can be increased by the concave-convex engagement between the concave-convex engaging portion of the first member and the concave-convex engaged portion of the second member. It is possible to reliably regulate the relative movement between the member and the second member. At this time, if the second member has a cylindrical portion and the first member has an outer peripheral edge portion having an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion as described above, the axial direction between the two members The relative movement in the press-fitting advance / retreat direction can be reliably restricted by the shelf and the caulking portion, and the relative rotation between both members can be reliably restricted by the uneven engagement portion and the uneven engagement portion. It becomes.
[0025]
Moreover, the uneven | corrugated engaging part previously provided in the edge part of a 1st member makes a peak part (tooth height) high by a press or cutting, and controls relative rotation between both members more reliably. It becomes possible. Specifically, it is preferable that the height of the crest (tooth height) in the concavo-convex engaging portion is about 0.9 to 1.5 mm.
[0026]
Here, in the caulking and coupling method of the present invention, the hardness of the first member is higher than the hardness of the second member. This is because, when the hardness of the first member is lower than the hardness of the second member, the concave and convex engaged portion extending over the shelf portion cannot be formed on one surface of the second member during the press-fitting process. Specifically, in terms of Vickers hardness, the hardness of the first member is about 450 Hv or more, the hardness of the second member is about 80 to 150 Hv, and the hardness of the first member is three times the hardness of the second member. It is preferable to make it higher.
[0027]
In addition, the size of the shelf is appropriately determined depending on the press-fitting allowance (the overlapping width between the end of the first member and one end of one surface of the second member) and the press-fitting length (the length by which the first member is pushed in by press-fitting). It is possible to set the size of the shelf so that the coupling force in the press-fitting direction can be appropriately secured by sandwiching the end of the first member between the shelf and the caulking portion. it can. Specifically, the shelf has a length of about 1.0 to 3.0 mm that protrudes from one surface of the second member and overlaps with the end of the first member, and the thickness in the press-fitting direction is 0.00. The size can be about 2 to 0.6 mm.
[0028]
The size of the caulking portion can also be set so that the coupling force in the press-fitting direction can be appropriately ensured by sandwiching the end portion of the first member between the shelf portion and the caulking portion. Specifically, the caulking portion has a length of about 0.8 to 1.2 mm protruding from one surface of the second member and overlapping the end of the first member, and the thickness in the press-fitting direction is 0. The size can be about 5 to 1.5 mm.
[0029]
【Example】
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0030]
In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to the coupling of a hub and a shaft as an automatic part for an automobile, and the shaft 1 and the hub 2 are integrally coupled as shown in FIG. ing.
[0031]
The shaft 1 has a pipe shape with a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis, and integrally includes a flange 11 that extends horizontally from one end in the centrifugal direction. The shaft 1 constitutes a first member according to the invention described in claims 1 to 4, and an outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the flange portion 11 is an end portion or an outer portion according to the invention described in claims 1 to 4. A peripheral edge is formed. An annular relief recess 11b for forming a shelf 24 is formed on the lower surface of the flange portion 11 on the inner peripheral surface of an inner cylindrical portion 23 described later of the hub 2 (see FIG. 2).
[0032]
The hub 2 includes an outer cylindrical portion 21, a horizontal flange portion 22 that extends substantially horizontally in the centripetal direction from the lower end of the outer cylindrical portion 21, and a vertically upward from the centripetal side edge of the horizontal flange portion 22. It is comprised from the inner cylindrical part 23 extended integrally toward. The hub 2 constitutes a second member according to the invention described in claims 1 to 4 , and the inner cylindrical portion 23 constitutes a cylindrical portion according to the invention described in claim 2 and the inner cylindrical portion 23. The inner peripheral surface constitutes one surface according to the first to fourth aspects of the invention. The outer cylindrical portion 21 and the inner cylindrical portion 23 are coaxial, and the outer cylindrical portion 21 is longer in the axial direction than the inner cylindrical portion 23.
[0033]
Here, the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the flange portion 11 of the shaft 1 has an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical portion 23 of the hub 2, and the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the shaft 1 is the inner side of the hub 2. It is press-fitted into the cylindrical portion 23.
[0034]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a shelf 24 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 below the outer peripheral edge portion 11a of the shaft 1 (a press-fitting progress side described later) during a press-fitting step described later. In addition, a caulking portion 25 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 on the upper side of the outer peripheral edge portion 11a (a press-fit receding side described later) during the caulking step described later, The outer peripheral edge 11a is sandwiched between the caulking portions 25 in the axial direction.
[0035]
Furthermore, on the outer peripheral end surface of the outer peripheral edge portion 11a of the shaft 1, there is an uneven engagement portion 12 as a serration portion in which a trough portion and a crest portion extend in the axial direction (the press-fitting advance / retreat direction in a press-fitting process described later). In addition, a crest and a trough extend in the axial direction on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 of the hub 2, and are engaged with the concave and convex engaging portions 12 of the shaft 1. A combined uneven engagement portion 26 is formed (see FIG. 6). The uneven engagement portion 12 provided in advance on the outer peripheral edge portion 11a of the shaft 1 is formed by pressing as will be described later, and the height of the crest (tooth height) in the uneven engagement portion 12 corresponds to high torque. It should be 1.2mm.
[0036]
The shaft 1 is made of SCM420H (carburized chromium molybdenum steel) having a Vickers hardness of about Hv800, and the hub 2 is made of SPHD (hot rolled steel plate) having a Vickers hardness of about Hv100. The shelf 24 has a length of 2.0 mm that protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 and overlaps the outer peripheral edge portion 11a, and a thickness in the axial direction of 0.4 mm. Further, in the caulking portion 25, the length of the portion protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 and overlapping the outer peripheral edge portion 11a is 1.0 mm, and the thickness in the axial direction is 1.0 mm.
[0037]
Hereinafter, the caulking and coupling method in this embodiment will be described.
[0038]
(Serration molding process)
First, the shaft 1 having the flange portion 11 at one end was formed from a pipe-shaped material into a predetermined shape by pressing or the like, and then the shaft 1 was set in the die hole 31a of the die 31 as shown in FIG. On the inner peripheral surface of the die hole 31a of the die 31, a tooth portion 31b for forming the concave / convex engaging portion 12 as a serration is formed in the lower portion. Note that the inner diameter of the die hole 31 a of the die 31 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the shaft 1.
[0039]
Then, the shaft 1 is brought into the die hole 31a by the first punch 32 having the central convex portion 32a fitted in the hole of the shaft 1 and the annular contact surface 32b contacted with the flange portion 11 of the shaft 1. The concave / convex engaging portion 12 was formed on the outer peripheral end surface of the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a with the tooth portion 31 b of the die 31.
[0040]
(Press-fit process)
Next, after forming the hub 2 having the outer cylindrical portion 21, the horizontal flange portion 22 and the inner cylindrical portion 23 integrally into a predetermined shape by pressing or the like from a plate-shaped material, a center hole 33a is formed as shown in FIG. The hub 2 was set on the lower mold 33 and the ring mold 34 was set on the hub 2. As a result, the horizontal flange portion 22 of the hub 2 is held between the lower die 33 and the ring die 34, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 of the hub 2 is constrained by the inner peripheral surface of the ring die 34. The reason why the inner cylindrical portion 23 is restrained by the ring die 34 is to prevent deformation of the inner cylindrical portion 23 during the press-fitting process and the caulking process.
[0041]
Then, the shaft 1 was set in the center hole 33 a of the lower mold 33. At this time, since the inner cylindrical portion 23 of the hub 2 is cut in advance so as to have an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral edge portion 11a of the shaft 1, the outer peripheral edge portion 11a of the shaft 1 is the inner cylindrical shape. It is set | placed on the inner peripheral side upper end surface of the part 23 (state of FIG. 4).
[0042]
Then, the shaft 1 was pushed from above with the second punch 35 to press-fit the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the shaft 1 into the inner cylindrical portion 23 of the hub 2. The outer diameter of the second punch 35 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical portion 23, and the punch portion of the second punch 35 is inserted into the inner cylindrical portion 23 at the end of the press-fitting process.
[0043]
As a result, the outer peripheral edge portion 11a of the shaft 1 is pushed in from the upper end of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 while biting into the inner cylindrical portion 23, and therefore, as shown in FIG. A shelf 24 was formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 on the press-fitting progress side (arrow P side in FIG. 5) of the outer peripheral circular end portion 11a by the material flow of the inner cylindrical portion 23 pushed away by the portion 11a. At the end of the press-fitting process, the lower surface of the flange portion 11 of the shaft 1 is in contact with the upper surface of the lower mold 33, and the shelf portion 24 is formed in the relief recess 11b formed on the lower surface.
[0044]
Further, since the uneven engagement portion 12 as a serration portion is formed in advance on the outer peripheral end surface of the outer peripheral edge portion 11a, the uneven engagement portion 12 bites into the inner cylindrical portion 23 while the inner cylindrical portion 23 As shown in FIG. 6, the concave / convex engaged portion 26 that is engaged with the concave / convex engaging portion 12 of the shaft 1 is formed on the inner cylindrical portion 23 because the inner cylindrical portion 23 is pressed into the inner peripheral surface. It was formed on the inner peripheral surface.
[0045]
(Caulking process)
Finally, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper end surface on the inner peripheral side of the inner cylindrical portion 23 is pressed with the third punch 36 having an annular convex portion 36a for forming the caulking portion 25 at the outer peripheral end portion of the lower surface. Crushed. As a result, the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23 on the press-fitting and retracting side of the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the shaft 1 was caulked to form the caulking portion 25.
[0046]
Thus, the shaft 1 and the hub 2 are formed such that the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the shaft 1 is press-fitted into the inner cylindrical portion 23 of the hub 2 and the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 23. The relative movement in the axial direction is reliably restricted by being sandwiched between the shelf part 24 and the caulking part 25 in the axial direction. Further, the shaft 1 and the hub 2 are configured such that the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a of the shaft 1 is press-fitted into the inner cylindrical portion 23 of the hub 2, and the concave and convex engagement portions 12 of the outer peripheral edge portion 11 a and the concave and convex portions of the inner cylindrical portion 23. By engaging with the engaged portion 26, the relative rotation is also reliably restricted. Therefore, the coupling between the shaft 1 and the hub 2 can sufficiently withstand loads in the axial direction and the rotational direction.
[0047]
Further, in the caulking and coupling method of this embodiment, the shaft 1 is press-fitted into the hub 2, and at the same time, the shelf portion 24 for securing the positioning accuracy and the coupling strength in the axial direction between the two and the rotational direction between the two. Since the concave and convex engaged portion 26 for securing the bonding strength can be formed, it is not necessary to provide a positioning portion or a coupling portion for securing the positioning accuracy and the bonding strength in advance, and the coupling structure Is also simplified. Therefore, the processing cost of the member can be reduced.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, in the caulking and coupling method of the present invention, when caulking and joining two members using press-fitting and caulking, a positioning portion is provided in advance for determining the coupling position in the forward and backward direction of press-fitting. Is not necessary, and the coupling structure is simplified, which is advantageous in reducing the processing cost of the members.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a shaft and a hub are coupled according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a coupling structure between a shaft and a hub according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of serration processing in the caulking and coupling method of the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a press-fitting process according to the caulking and coupling method of the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state after a shelf is formed by the press-fitting process.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a principal part showing a state after a concave and convex engaged portion is formed by the press-fitting step.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a caulking process according to the caulking and coupling method of the present embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupling structure of two members according to a conventional example.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupling structure of two members according to another conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shaft (1st member) 2 ... Hub (2nd member)
11a ... Outer peripheral edge end (end) 12 ... Concave / engagement engaging part 23 ... Inner cylindrical part (cylindrical part) 24 ... Shelf part 25 ... Caulking part 26 ... Concave / engagement engaged part

Claims

第１部材の端部を第２部材の一表面に当接させた状態で両部材を一体的に結合するかしめ結合方法であって、
上記端部を上記第２部材に食い込ませながら上記一表面の一端から押し込んで圧入し、該端部で押し流される該第２部材の材料流動により該端部の圧入進行側における該一表面に、該一表面から所定の長さ及び厚さで突出する棚部を形成する圧入工程と、
上記端部の圧入後退側における上記一表面にかしめ加工を施してかしめ加工部を形成するかしめ加工工程とを順に実施し、
上記一表面に当接された上記端部を該一表面にそれぞれ形成された上記棚部及び上記かしめ加工部間で上記圧入の進退方向に挟持することを特徴とするかしめ結合方法。A caulking coupling method for integrally coupling both members in a state where the end of the first member is in contact with one surface of the second member,
While pushing the end portion into the second member while being pushed in from one end of the one surface, the material flow of the second member swept away by the end portion causes the one surface on the press-fitting progress side of the end portion to the one surface . A press-fitting step of forming a shelf protruding at a predetermined length and thickness from the one surface ;
A caulking process step for forming a caulking part by performing caulking process on the one surface on the press-fitting and retracting side of the end part in order,
The caulking and coupling method characterized in that the end portion in contact with the one surface is sandwiched between the shelf portion and the caulking portion formed on the one surface in the forward and backward direction of the press-fitting.

前記第２部材は円筒部を有するとともに前記第１部材は該円筒部の内径よりも若干大きな外径をもつ外周縁端部を有し、該第２部材の前記一表面に相当する該円筒部の内周面に当接された該第１部材の前記端部に相当する該円周端縁部を、該内周面にそれぞれ形成された前記棚部及び前記かしめ加工部間で前記圧入の進退方向に挟持することを特徴とする請求項１記載のかしめ結合方法。 The second member has a cylindrical portion, and the first member has an outer peripheral edge portion having an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion, and the cylindrical portion corresponding to the one surface of the second member The circumferential edge corresponding to the end of the first member abutting on the inner peripheral surface of the first member is inserted between the shelf portion and the caulking portion formed on the inner peripheral surface, respectively. 2. The caulking and coupling method according to claim 1, wherein the clamping is performed in an advancing and retracting direction.

前記圧入工程及び前記かしめ加工工程は、前記円筒部の外周面を型内周面で拘束しながら行うことを特徴とする請求項２記載のかしめ結合方法。The caulking and coupling method according to claim 2, wherein the press-fitting step and the caulking process step are performed while the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion is constrained by the inner peripheral surface of the mold.

前記第１部材の前記端部の端面には、谷部及び山部がそれぞれ前記圧入の進退方向に延在する凹凸係合部が予め設けられており、前記圧入工程により、前記第２部材の前記一表面に該凹凸係合部と係合する凹凸被係合部が形成されることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか一つに記載のかしめ結合方法。The end surface of the end portion of the first member is provided with an uneven engagement portion in which a trough portion and a crest portion extend in the advancing / retreating direction of the press-fitting in advance. caulking method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that uneven engaged portion to be engaged with the irregular engagement portions on the one surface.