JP3886599B2 - Corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant cast steel and corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant cast steel - Google Patents

Corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant cast steel and corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant cast steel Download PDF

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JP3886599B2
JP3886599B2 JP16503997A JP16503997A JP3886599B2 JP 3886599 B2 JP3886599 B2 JP 3886599B2 JP 16503997 A JP16503997 A JP 16503997A JP 16503997 A JP16503997 A JP 16503997A JP 3886599 B2 JP3886599 B2 JP 3886599B2
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resistant
cast steel
wear
corrosion
corrosion resistance
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JPH10330892A (en
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徹也 谷島
浩 村田
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株式会社安来製作所
佐々木 友代
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Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、優れた耐食性、耐摩耗性を有する鋳鋼に関する。詳しくは、チオ・グリコ−ル酸等に対して優れた耐食性を示し、しかも強度、耐摩耗性を向上させた理美容鋏に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
理美容鋏の特に刃先を構成する金属材料に要求される特性として、チオ・グリコ−ル酸等の含まれるパ−マネント液やシャンプ−液などの腐食性の強い薬品に耐える高い耐食性や使用頻度が高いことから刃先のキレ味を長期間維持できるだけの強度および耐摩耗性が必要とされる。また、キレ味の良否は刃先の微妙な調整により変化するものであるため、この調整の際に刃こぼれ等を生じないための靱性も要求される。
【0003】
一般的に理美容鋏の特に刃先を構成する金属材料として高硬度ステンレス鋼や超硬合金等が広く用いられている。これらの材料は特定の焼入れ焼戻し処理を施すことにより硬さを増し、耐摩耗性を向上させることで鋏材として用いられている。また、近年では耐食性の優れたCo基合金や特開平6―121882に開示されているように耐食性および靱性が高く、非磁性であることを特徴とするNi基合金製の鋏、特開昭63―257591のように硬さが高く、耐食性に優れているセラミックを理美容鋏の刃先材として使用するようにもなってきた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
高硬度ステンレス鋼や超硬合金を刃先に用いた場合、硬度が高いためにキレ味は良好であるが、理美容鋏は使用頻度が高いことより、耐摩耗性に劣る上記の材料ではキレ味の低下が早く、頻繁に砥がなければならないという問題が生じる。また、チオ・グリコ−ル酸等の含まれるパ−マネント液やシャンプ−液などの腐食性の強い薬品に耐える高い耐食性が要求されるため、上記材料を刃先に用いた場合には、経時的に腐食が進行するという欠点がある。
【0005】
Co基合金を用いた場合、Coの影響により優れた耐食性を示す反面、材質的に真空溶解を必要とするため製造上で非常に高価になるという欠点がある。特開平6―121882では、鋏の要求特性である耐食性及び耐摩耗性を満足するためにNi基合金を用い、圧延処理を施して製造するため、同様に生産コストが上昇してしまう。これに対して、特開昭63−257591に示されるセラミックを刃先材として用いた場合上記の問題は解決されるが、セラミックは本来的に脆く、衝撃に弱いという特性を有するため、誤って落下させると刃先に欠けや割れを生じることがある。
【0006】
このことから、高硬度ステンレス鋼や超硬合金以上の耐食性と耐久性を有し、かつCo基、Ni基合金より安価な耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼の開発が望まれており、本発明においては、長期的に切れ味を維持することができ、耐食性が高く、なおかつ安価に製造できる鋳鋼を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者はかかる問題点を解決するために、高硬度ステンレス鋼にCoを添加することにより耐食性を向上させることを考えた。しかし、Coは素地中に固溶して焼入れ硬度を降下させる効果が大きいので、これを単に添加しただけでは耐摩耗性が著しく低下する恐れがある。
【0008】
従って、本発明者は鋭意研究の結果、Co添加による硬度低下をC、Cr、Mo、W等の元素の添加量を調整することで、高硬度ステンレス鋼を上回る優れた耐食性を有する耐摩耗鋳鋼を開発し、ニアネットシェイプの可能な精密鋳造法により安価に製造出来ることを見いだし本発明を完成するにいたった。すなわち本発明は以下の通りである。
【0009】
(1)重量%で、C:0.8〜1.1%、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:1.0%以下、Cr:16.0〜19.0%、Co:17.0〜20.0%、さらに、W+2Mo:3.5〜14.0%(Mo:2.0〜4.5%、W:3.0〜6.0%)を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避の不純物元素からなることを特徴とする耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼。
【0010】
(2)重量%で、C:0.8〜1.1%、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:1.0%以下、Cr:16.0〜19.0%、Co:.0〜20.0%、Mo:2.0〜4.5%及び/又はW:3.0〜6.0%(MoとWを同時に添加する場合は、W+2Mo:3.5〜14.0%)を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避の不純物元素からなる耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼からなることを特徴とする耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼製理美容鋏
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼および耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼製理美容鋏が含有する合金元素の含有量の限定理由について説明する。
【0013】
C:0.8〜1.1% Cは本発明の鋳鋼に含まれるCr、Mo、Wと炭化物を形成し、また、マトリックスに固溶して鋳鋼の硬さを上げる重要な元素である。本発明において必要な硬度を得るためには最低0.8%必要であるが、多量に含有すると鋳鋼の靱性を阻害してしまうので上限を1.1%とする。
【0014】
Si:1.0%以下 Siは鋳造時の脱酸剤として添加するが、マトリックスに固溶して硬さを高める効果もある。しかし多量に添加すると鋳鋼の靱性を著しく低下させるため、上限を1.0%とする。
【0015】
Mn:1.0%以下 MnもSiと同様に脱酸剤として添加するが、その一方でMnは鋳鋼の焼入れ性を増し、耐摩耗性を向上させる働きがある。しかし多量に添加すると焼入れ時に焼割れを生じたり、多量の残留オ−ステナイトを生成して鋳鋼を脆化させる原因となる。従って本発明においては含有量の上限を1.0%とする。
【0016】
Cr:16.0〜19.0% Crは焼戻しに伴って炭化物を形成し、鋳鋼の硬度を上げる働きがあるために添加されるものであり、また、鋳鋼の表面に不動態化被膜を形成することにより耐食性を著しく向上させる働きがある。従って、両者の性質を得るためには最低16.0%必要であるが、本発明では高硬度と耐食性とのバランス上、上限を19.0%とする。
【0017】
Co:2.0〜20.0% Coは少量の添加により著しく耐食性を向上させる元素である。しかし、パ−マネント液やシャンプ−液などの腐食性の強い薬品に耐える高い耐食性を得るためには、最低2.0%必要であるが、多量に含有すると鋳鋼の焼入れ性を低下させるという欠点が有り、また、比較的高価な元素でもあるため、本発明においては上限を20.0%とする。
【0018】
Mo:2.0〜4.5%、W:3.0〜6.0% MoとWは両者とも同様の特性を示し、焼戻しに伴って炭化物を形成し鋳鋼の硬度を上げる働きがある。また、鋳造時にネット状の炭化物を晶出して材料の硬度の上昇および耐摩耗性の向上に寄与する。従って本発明において必要な硬度を得るためには、Moは最低2.0%、Wは最低3.0%必要であるが、過度に添加すれば粗大な炭化物の形成を増加させ、鋳鋼の靱性が低下するので上限は前者は4.5%、後者は6.0%とする。
【0019】
両元素が共添加される場合は、(W含有量+Mo含有量×2)の値を3.5〜14.0%とする。MoはWのほぼ半分の原子量を有し、同じ含有量でWのほぼ2倍の原子数を有するため、半分の添加量でWと同等の効果を得ることが出来る。これら両元素が多量に含有されると、粗大な炭化物の晶出により鋳鋼の靱性低下につながるため、上限を14.0%とする。また、3.5%未満になると炭化物の晶出量が減少し、硬度低下及び耐摩耗性の低下の原因となるため、最低3.5%必要である。
【0020】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。表1に示す化学組成を有する合金を高周波誘導溶解炉を用いて溶解し、10×10×60mmのロストワックス用鋳型に注湯を行なった。次に鋳造体に所定の焼なましを施した後、厚さ5mmに切断して耐食試験用試験片を得た。前記試験片を1050℃×120′加熱後、急冷し焼入れを行なった。焼入れを行なった前記試験片を500℃×90′加熱し、空冷により焼戻しを行なった後、切断面を鏡面研磨で仕上げて耐食試験を実施した。
【0021】
前記耐食試験用試験片の研磨面に、パ−マネント液に含まれているチオ・グリコ−ル酸をスポイトにより1滴塗布した後1Hr保持した。次に1Hr後の研磨面の変色の有無を確認することにより各試験片の耐食性を評価した。また、比較材として13Cr系とCo基合金系の2種類の材質についても前記耐食試験用試験片を製作して耐食性の評価を行なった。各試験片の硬さおよび変色の有無を表1に示す。表1より明らかなように、本発明の実施例はいずれも変色が無く、Co基合金に匹敵する高い耐食性を示すことが判る。
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0003886599
【0023】
次に本発明合金のNo8、11、12の成分で実際に理美容鋏を鋳造成形し、耐食試験および摩耗試験を行った。その結果、いずれの製品共にパーマネント液やシャンプー液等に含まれる成分により腐食されることなく、また、長期間の使用においてもキレ味が低下せず頻繁に刃を砥ぎ直す必要も無かった。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、Co含有量を制限することにより、安価でCo基、Ni基合金と同等の耐食性を得ることができ、また、Co添加による硬度の低下をC、Cr、Mo、W等の元素の添加量を調整することで高硬度ステンレス鋼に匹敵する硬度を有する鋳鋼を得ることができた。そのため、本発明鋳鋼を理美容鋏に使用することによって、パ−マネント液やシャンプ−液による腐食を防止することができ、また、長期的に切れ味を維持することができるため、理美容鋏の寿命を従来より大きく向上させることが可能となった。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a cast steel having excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Specifically, the present invention relates to a hairdressing and beauty salon that exhibits excellent corrosion resistance against thio-glycolic acid and the like, and that has improved strength and wear resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The characteristics required for the metal materials that make up the cutting edge especially for hairdressing and beauty salons include high corrosion resistance and frequency of use that withstand highly corrosive chemicals such as permanent liquids and shampoo liquids such as thio-glycolic acid. Therefore, strength and wear resistance that can maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge for a long period of time are required. In addition, since the quality of the sharpness changes due to fine adjustment of the blade edge, toughness is required to prevent blade spillage and the like during this adjustment.
[0003]
In general, high-hardness stainless steel, cemented carbide or the like is widely used as a metal material that constitutes the cutting edge of a beauty salon. These materials are used as brazing materials by increasing the hardness by applying a specific quenching and tempering treatment and improving the wear resistance. In recent years, a Co-based alloy having excellent corrosion resistance and a Ni-based alloy cage characterized by high corrosion resistance, toughness and non-magnetic properties as disclosed in JP-A-6-121882, -Ceramics with high hardness and excellent corrosion resistance, such as 257591, have come to be used as cutting edge materials for hairdressing salons.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When high hardness stainless steel or cemented carbide is used for the cutting edge, the sharpness is good due to its high hardness, but the hairdressing scissors are frequently used, so the above materials with poor wear resistance are sharp. There is a problem that the decrease in the speed is rapid and the grinding must be done frequently. In addition, high corrosion resistance is required to withstand highly corrosive chemicals such as permanent liquids and shampoo liquids containing thio-glycolic acid, etc. However, there is a drawback that corrosion proceeds.
[0005]
When a Co-based alloy is used, it exhibits excellent corrosion resistance due to the influence of Co, but has a disadvantage that it is very expensive in manufacturing because it requires vacuum melting as a material. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-121882, a Ni-based alloy is used in order to satisfy the corrosion resistance and wear resistance, which are required characteristics of the soot, and the rolling process is performed, so that the production cost similarly increases. On the other hand, when the ceramic disclosed in JP-A-63-257591 is used as the blade edge material, the above problem is solved, but the ceramic is inherently fragile and has a characteristic that it is vulnerable to impact. Doing so may cause chipping or cracking in the blade edge.
[0006]
Therefore, development of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cast steel having higher corrosion resistance and durability than high-hardness stainless steel and cemented carbide and cheaper than Co-based and Ni-based alloys is desired. An object of the present invention is to provide a cast steel that can maintain the sharpness for a long period of time, has high corrosion resistance, and can be manufactured at low cost.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such problems, the present inventor considered improving the corrosion resistance by adding Co to high-hardness stainless steel. However, since Co has a great effect of dissolving in the substrate and lowering the quenching hardness, simply adding this may significantly reduce the wear resistance.
[0008]
Therefore, as a result of earnest research, the present inventor has adjusted the hardness decrease due to Co addition by adjusting the addition amount of elements such as C, Cr, Mo, W, etc., and wear resistant cast steel having excellent corrosion resistance exceeding that of high hardness stainless steel. Was developed, and it was found that it could be manufactured at low cost by a precision casting method capable of near net shape, and the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention is as follows.
[0009]
(1) By weight, C: 0.8 to 1.1%, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, Cr: 16.0 to 19.0%, Co: 17.0 -20.0% , and further W + 2Mo: 3.5-14.0% (Mo: 2.0-4.5%, W: 3.0-6.0%) , the balance Fe and inevitable Corrosion- and wear-resistant cast steel characterized by comprising impurity elements.
[0010]
(2) By weight, C: 0.8 to 1.1%, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, Cr: 16.0 to 19.0%, Co: 2 . 0 to 20.0%, Mo: 2.0 to 4.5% and / or W: 3.0 to 6.0% (When Mo and W are added simultaneously, W + 2Mo: 3.5 to 14.0 %), And is made of a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cast steel composed of the balance Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The reasons for limiting the content of the alloy elements contained in the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cast steel and the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cast steel barber of the present invention will be described below.
[0013]
C: 0.8 to 1.1% C is an important element that forms carbides with Cr, Mo, and W contained in the cast steel of the present invention, and increases the hardness of the cast steel by forming a solid solution in the matrix. In order to obtain the required hardness in the present invention, at least 0.8% is necessary. However, if contained in a large amount, the toughness of cast steel is impaired, so the upper limit is made 1.1%.
[0014]
Si: 1.0% or less Si is added as a deoxidizing agent at the time of casting, but also has an effect of increasing hardness by dissolving in a matrix. However, if added in a large amount, the toughness of the cast steel is remarkably lowered, so the upper limit is made 1.0%.
[0015]
Mn: 1.0% or less Mn is also added as a deoxidizer in the same manner as Si. On the other hand, Mn increases the hardenability of cast steel and improves the wear resistance. However, if it is added in a large amount, it causes quenching cracks during quenching, or a large amount of retained austenite is generated, which causes embrittlement of the cast steel. Therefore, in the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 1.0%.
[0016]
Cr: 16.0 to 19.0% Cr is added because it forms carbides during tempering and increases the hardness of the cast steel, and also forms a passivation film on the surface of the cast steel. This has the effect of significantly improving the corrosion resistance. Therefore, in order to obtain both properties, at least 16.0% is necessary. However, in the present invention, the upper limit is made 19.0% for the balance between high hardness and corrosion resistance.
[0017]
Co: 2.0-20.0% Co is an element that remarkably improves corrosion resistance when added in a small amount. However, in order to obtain high corrosion resistance that can withstand highly corrosive chemicals such as permanent liquids and shampoo liquids, it is necessary to be at least 2.0%. However, if contained in a large amount, the hardenability of cast steel is reduced. In addition, in the present invention, the upper limit is set to 20.0%.
[0018]
Mo: 2.0 to 4.5%, W: 3.0 to 6.0% Both Mo and W have similar characteristics, and have the function of increasing the hardness of cast steel by forming carbides upon tempering. In addition, a net-like carbide is crystallized during casting, which contributes to an increase in material hardness and an improvement in wear resistance. Therefore, in order to obtain the required hardness in the present invention, Mo needs to be at least 2.0% and W needs to be at least 3.0%. However, excessive addition increases the formation of coarse carbides and increases the toughness of cast steel. Therefore, the upper limit is 4.5% for the former and 6.0% for the latter.
[0019]
When both elements are added together, the value of (W content + Mo content × 2) is set to 3.5 to 14.0%. Since Mo has an atomic weight almost half that of W, and has the same content and almost twice the number of atoms as W, an effect equivalent to that of W can be obtained with a half addition amount. If both of these elements are contained in large amounts, crystallization of coarse carbides leads to a decrease in toughness of the cast steel, so the upper limit is made 14.0%. On the other hand, if it is less than 3.5%, the amount of carbide crystallization decreases, which causes a decrease in hardness and wear resistance, so a minimum of 3.5% is necessary.
[0020]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below. An alloy having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 was melted using a high-frequency induction melting furnace, and poured into a 10 × 10 × 60 mm lost wax mold. Next, the cast body was subjected to predetermined annealing, and then cut to a thickness of 5 mm to obtain a test piece for corrosion resistance test. The test piece was heated at 1050 ° C. × 120 ′, then rapidly cooled and quenched. The quenched specimen was heated at 500 ° C. × 90 ′ and tempered by air cooling, and then the cut surface was finished by mirror polishing to conduct a corrosion resistance test.
[0021]
One drop of thioglycolic acid contained in the permanent liquid was applied to the polished surface of the test piece for corrosion resistance test using a dropper, and then held for 1 hour. Next, the corrosion resistance of each test piece was evaluated by confirming the presence or absence of discoloration of the polished surface after 1 hour. Further, as a comparative material, the corrosion resistance test specimens were manufactured for two kinds of materials of 13Cr type and Co base alloy type, and the corrosion resistance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the hardness and discoloration of each test piece. As is clear from Table 1, it can be seen that all the examples of the present invention have no discoloration and exhibit high corrosion resistance comparable to that of the Co-based alloy.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003886599
[0023]
Next, a beauty salon was actually cast and molded with the components of Nos. 8, 11, and 12 of the alloy of the present invention, and a corrosion resistance test and an abrasion test were performed. As a result, none of the products were corroded by components contained in the permanent liquid or shampoo liquid, and the sharpness did not deteriorate even after long-term use, and it was not necessary to grind the blade frequently.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by limiting the Co content, it is possible to obtain corrosion resistance equivalent to that of a Co-based or Ni-based alloy at low cost, and to reduce hardness due to Co addition such as C, Cr, Mo, W, etc. By adjusting the amount of element added, a cast steel having a hardness comparable to that of high-hardness stainless steel could be obtained. Therefore, by using the cast steel of the present invention for a barber / beauty salon, it is possible to prevent corrosion due to permanent liquid or shampoo liquid and to maintain the sharpness for a long time. It has become possible to greatly improve the service life.

Claims (2)

重量%で、C:0.8〜1.1%、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:1.0%以下、Cr:16.0〜19.0%、Co:17.0〜20.0%、さらに、W+2Mo:3.5〜14.0%(Mo:2.0〜4.5%、W:3.0〜6.0%)を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避の不純物元素からなることを特徴とする耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼。C: 0.8 to 1.1%, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, Cr: 16.0 to 19.0%, Co: 17.0 to 20. 0% , and further W + 2Mo: 3.5 to 14.0% (Mo: 2.0 to 4.5%, W: 3.0 to 6.0%) , from the remaining Fe and inevitable impurity elements Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cast steel characterized by 重量%で、C:0.8〜1.1%、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:1.0%以下、Cr:16.0〜19.0%、Co:.0〜20.0%、Mo:2.0〜4.5%及び/又はW:3.0〜6.0%(MoとWを同時に添加する場合は、W+2Mo:3.5〜14.0%)を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避の不純物元素からなる耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼からなることを特徴とする耐食、耐摩耗性鋳鋼製理美容鋏By weight%, C: 0.8 to 1.1%, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, Cr: 16.0 to 19.0%, Co: 2 . 0 to 20.0%, Mo: 2.0 to 4.5% and / or W: 3.0 to 6.0% (When Mo and W are added simultaneously, W + 2Mo: 3.5 to 14.0 %), And is made of a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cast steel composed of the balance Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
JP16503997A 1997-06-05 1997-06-05 Corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant cast steel and corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant cast steel Expired - Fee Related JP3886599B2 (en)

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