JP3849686B2 - Membrane separation biological treatment equipment - Google Patents

Membrane separation biological treatment equipment Download PDF

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JP3849686B2
JP3849686B2 JP2004031697A JP2004031697A JP3849686B2 JP 3849686 B2 JP3849686 B2 JP 3849686B2 JP 2004031697 A JP2004031697 A JP 2004031697A JP 2004031697 A JP2004031697 A JP 2004031697A JP 3849686 B2 JP3849686 B2 JP 3849686B2
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membrane
tank
sludge
biological treatment
membrane separation
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JP2004141874A (en
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清和 武村
那夫紀 大熊
裕 奥野
尋樹 安藤
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Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Description

本発明は、膜分離機能を持ち合わせた生物処理装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a biological treatment apparatus having a membrane separation function.

従来の活性汚泥処理法を用いた排水処理施設においては、最終沈殿池における「バルキング」及び「放線菌による汚泥浮上」といった固液分離障害が非常に大きな問題になっている。この問題を解決する手段として、活性汚泥処理と膜分離を組み合わせた膜分離活性汚泥法の開発が進められている（例えば、特許文献１、２参照）。この方法は、固液分離の手法として膜ろ過を採用しているため、処理水への濁質分の流出を防ぐことができ、かつ大腸菌も完全に除去できることから、衛生的でかつ透明度の高い処理水を安定して得ることができるという特徴を持っている。また、活性汚泥の高濃度保持が可能であるため、処理時間の短縮及び処理施設のコンパクト化を図ることができる。   In a wastewater treatment facility using a conventional activated sludge treatment method, solid-liquid separation obstacles such as “bulking” and “floating sludge due to actinomycetes” in the final sedimentation basin have become very serious problems. As means for solving this problem, development of a membrane separation activated sludge method in which activated sludge treatment and membrane separation are combined is underway (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). This method employs membrane filtration as a method of solid-liquid separation, so it can prevent turbid components from flowing into the treated water and completely remove E. coli, making it hygienic and highly transparent. It has the characteristic that treated water can be obtained stably. Further, since the activated sludge can be maintained at a high concentration, the processing time can be shortened and the processing facility can be made compact.

このように膜分離活性汚泥処理は、非常に利点の多い処理法であるが、膜の目詰まりという大きな問題を抱えている。特に汚泥の性状が悪い場合（汚泥のフロックが細かい、生物の代謝物が非常に多いなど）には、膜の目詰まりを起こしやすく、頻繁に膜の薬液洗浄を必要とし、汚泥性状のさらなる悪化を招き、安定運転の妨げになっていた。
特開平１０−７５９３６号公報 特開平１０−１２８０８５号公報 As described above, the membrane separation activated sludge treatment is a treatment method having many advantages, but has a big problem of clogging of the membrane. Especially when sludge properties are poor (sludge flocs are fine, biological metabolites are very large, etc.), membranes are likely to be clogged, requiring frequent chemical cleaning of membranes, and further deterioration of sludge properties. Was a hindrance to stable operation.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-75936 JP-A-10-128085

従来の膜分離活性汚泥法に基づいた装置においては、運転中の汚泥の性状が膜エレメントの運転に支障をきたすような状態になった場合においても、そのまま膜に負担をかけて運転を行っていくほかなく、膜表面の汚れ、さらには膜細孔内の汚れ（目詰まり）を促進することになり、膜の寿命を著しく縮める要因になっていた。
本発明の目的は、前記従来技術の欠点を解消し、生物反応槽内の活性汚泥の性状を良好な状態に維持し、膜表面の汚れや目詰まりを防止し、安定した運転が可能な、膜処理性能及び生物処理性能の優れた膜分離生物処理装置を提供することにある。 In an apparatus based on the conventional membrane separation activated sludge method, even if the sludge properties during operation are in a state that hinders the operation of the membrane element, the operation is performed with a load applied to the membrane as it is. Inevitably, contamination of the membrane surface and further contamination (clogging) in the pores of the membrane were promoted, and this was a factor that significantly shortened the lifetime of the membrane.
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art, maintain the properties of the activated sludge in the biological reaction tank in a good state, prevent contamination and clogging of the membrane surface, and enable stable operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a membrane separation biological treatment apparatus having excellent membrane treatment performance and biological treatment performance.

本発明は、反応槽内にフロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプの設置し、汚泥フロックを形成しない細かな浮遊物質を効率よく系外に排出することにより、汚泥の性状を良好な状態に維持するように構成することによって上記目的を達成したものである。   In the present invention, a float-type supernatant system discharge pump is installed in the reaction tank, and fine suspended solids that do not form sludge flocs are efficiently discharged out of the system to maintain the sludge properties in a good state. The above-described object is achieved by the configuration.

すなわち、本発明に係る膜分離生物処理装置は、生物反応槽を脱窒槽と硝化槽とに区分し、脱窒槽には底部に槽内循環ポンプ、水面にフロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプを設置し、さらに該排出ポンプの排水管に汚泥の性状測定装置を接続し、その測定値により前記フロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプの運転を制御させ、硝化槽には膜エレメントを設置したことを特徴とする。 In other words, membrane separation biological treatment apparatus according to the present invention divides the bioreactor into the denitrification tank and the nitrification tank, the tank in the circulation pump at the bottom, the float supernatant out of the system discharge pump on the surface of water placed in the denitrification tank further said discharge connect the sludge texture measuring apparatus of the drain pipe of the pump, the by measurements to control the operation of the float supernatant system outside the discharge pump, the nitrification tank, characterized in that they have installed membrane element .

本発明の膜分離生物処理装置において、膜エレメントとしては、限外ろ過膜、精密ろ過膜などの各種の分離膜を用いることができる。
汚泥の性状測定装置としては、特に制限はなく、例えば、粘度計、粒度分布計、ろ過比抵抗測定装置、濁度計、透視度計、吸光度計、色度計、ＴＯＣ測定装置などが挙げられる。 In the membrane separation biological treatment apparatus of the present invention, various separation membranes such as an ultrafiltration membrane and a microfiltration membrane can be used as the membrane element.
The sludge property measuring device is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a viscometer, a particle size distribution meter, a filtration specific resistance measuring device, a turbidimeter, a fluorometer, an absorptiometer, a colorimeter, and a TOC measuring device. .

本発明の膜分離生物処理装置によれば、生物反応槽内に汚泥フロックが細かい、生物の代謝物が非常に多いなど、沈降しない浮遊物が多い場合に、その浮遊物を除去することができ、膜エレメントの目詰まりを防止することができる。
したがって、種汚泥もしくは運転中の汚泥の性状が、膜エレメントの運転に支障をきたすような状態になった場合においても、フロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプを運転することにより、有害な成分を系外に効率良く、かつ水質基準を満たしながら排出でき、汚泥の性状を正常に保ち、高い膜処理性能及び生物処理性能を維持できる。 According to the membrane separation biological treatment apparatus of the present invention, when there are many suspended solids that are not settled, such as fine sludge flocs in the biological reaction tank and a large amount of biological metabolites, the suspended solids can be removed. The clogging of the membrane element can be prevented.
Therefore, even if the properties of seed sludge or sludge during operation interfere with the operation of the membrane element, harmful elements can be removed from the system by operating the float-type supernatant discharge pump. It can be discharged efficiently while meeting the water quality standards, the sludge properties can be kept normal, and high membrane treatment performance and biological treatment performance can be maintained.

次に、図面を参照して本発明の膜分離生物処理装置の好ましい実施形態を説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施例を示す生物処理装置の系統図である。
図１において、生物反応槽は脱窒槽１３と硝化槽１４とに区分されている。脱窒槽１３には、原水供給ライン５を通して原水が供給され、脱窒槽１３の底部に槽内循環ポンプ１５、水面にフロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプ１７が設置されている。硝化槽１４には脱窒槽１３からオーバーフローした液が流入し、硝化槽１４内には膜エレメント２及び散気管４が存在する。膜エレメント２の２次側には、膜処理水ポンプ６、膜処理水ライン７が存在する。さらに、ブロア１０から送り出されたエアは、エア供給ライン１１を通り、散気管４により、膜エレメント２の下部より散気される。フロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプ１７の排水管１８には汚泥性状測定装置１９が設置されている。各種の汚泥性状測定装置１９（粘度計、粒度分布計、ろ過比抵抗測定装置、濁度計、透視度計、吸光度計、色度計、ＴＯＣ測定装置など）からある値が得られた場合には、槽内循環ポンプ１５及び槽間循環ポンプ１６を停止させ、フロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプ１７を運転し、沈降しない汚泥の微細成分を系外に排出する。また、汚泥性状測定装置１９の測定値が放流基準を満たさない液を感知した場合は、フロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプ１７の運転を停止させるものとする。

Next, a preferred embodiment of the membrane separation biological treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a biological treatment apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the biological reaction tank is divided into a denitrification tank 13 and a nitrification tank 14. Raw water is supplied to the denitrification tank 13 through the raw water supply line 5, and a tank circulation pump 15 is installed at the bottom of the denitrification tank 13 , and a float-type supernatant discharge pump 17 is installed on the water surface . The overflowed liquid from the denitrification tank 13 flows into the nitrification tank 14, and the membrane element 2 and the air diffuser 4 exist in the nitrification tank 14. A membrane treated water pump 6 and a membrane treated water line 7 exist on the secondary side of the membrane element 2. Furthermore, the air sent out from the blower 10 passes through the air supply line 11 and is diffused from the lower part of the membrane element 2 by the diffuser tube 4. A sludge property measuring device 19 is installed in the drain pipe 18 of the float-type supernatant discharge pump 17. When a certain value is obtained from various sludge property measuring devices 19 (viscosity meter, particle size distribution meter, filtration specific resistance measuring device, turbidity meter, fluorometer, absorbance meter, chromaticity meter, TOC measuring device, etc.) Stops the in-tank circulation pump 15 and the inter-tank circulation pump 16, operates the float-type supernatant system discharge pump 17, and discharges the fine components of the sludge that does not settle out of the system. Moreover, when the liquid whose measurement value of the sludge property measuring device 19 does not satisfy the discharge standard is detected, the operation of the float type supernatant discharge pump 17 is stopped.

本発明の生物処理装置において、汚泥の性状によりフロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプ１７の運転をコントロールすることにより、膜処理性能を安定に保ち、生物処理性能を長期間にわたって維持することが可能になる。この方法は、システム運転中のトラブルだけでなく、種汚泥の投入を行う立ち上げ時においても同様の効果が得られる。種汚泥の性状が非常に悪い場合、運転開始直後に、膜が目詰まりを起こしてしまう危険性が高く、安定して立ち上げを行うには、本発明の生物処理装置は、非常に有効な手段である。   In the biological treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to maintain the membrane treatment performance stably and maintain the biological treatment performance over a long period of time by controlling the operation of the float-type supernatant discharge pump 17 according to the properties of the sludge. . This method can obtain the same effect not only during troubles during system operation but also at the start-up when the seed sludge is charged. When the properties of the seed sludge are very poor, there is a high risk that the membrane will be clogged immediately after the start of operation, and the biological treatment apparatus of the present invention is very effective for starting up stably. Means.

本発明の一実施例を示す膜分離生物処理装置の系統図である。It is a systematic diagram of the membrane separation biological treatment apparatus which shows one Example of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２ 膜エレメント
４ 散気管
５ 原水供給ライン
６ 膜処理水ポンプ
７ 膜処理水ライン
１０ ブロア
１１ エア供給ライン
１３ 脱窒槽
１４ 硝化槽
１５ 槽内循環ポンプ
１６ 槽間循環ポンプ
１７ フロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプ
１８ 排水管
１９ 汚泥性状測定装置
2 Membrane element 4 Aeration pipe 5 Raw water supply line 6 Membrane treated water pump 7 Membrane treated water line 10 Blower 11 Air supply line 13 Denitrification tank 14 Nitrification tank 15 Recirculation pump in tank 16 Recirculation pump between tanks 17 Float type supernatant system discharge pump 18 Drainage pipe 19 Sludge property measuring device

Claims (1)

生物反応槽を脱窒槽と硝化槽とに区分し、脱窒槽には底部に槽内循環ポンプ、水面にフロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプを設置し、さらに該排出ポンプの排水管に汚泥の性状測定装置を接続し、その測定値により前記フロート式上澄み系外排出ポンプの運転を制御させ、硝化槽には膜エレメントを設置したことを特徴とする膜分離生物処理装置。 Dividing the bioreactor into the denitrification tank and the nitrification tank, the tank in the circulation pump to a bottom portion in the denitrification tank, established the float supernatant out of the system discharge pump on the surface of the water, further texture measuring the sludge drain pipe of the outlet pump connect the device, by the measured value to control the operation of the float supernatant system outside discharge pump, membrane separation biological treatment device, characterized in that installed the membrane element in the nitrification reactor.
JP2004031697A 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Membrane separation biological treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3849686B2 (en)

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JP4830307B2 (en) * 2005-02-01 2011-12-07 東レ株式会社 Method and apparatus for processing soluble organic substance-containing liquid
JP2007190510A (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-08-02 Hitachi Zosen Corp Biological wastewater treatment method
CN101863590B (en) * 2010-06-17 2011-11-16 同济大学 Combined anoxic/aerobic enhanced biological activated carbon dynamic membrane nitrogen and phosphorus removal process
JP5627322B2 (en) * 2010-07-15 2014-11-19 株式会社日立製作所 Waste water treatment system and waste water treatment method

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