JP3830107B2 - Method for improving flatness of thermoplastic film - Google Patents

Method for improving flatness of thermoplastic film Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3830107B2
JP3830107B2 JP30844094A JP30844094A JP3830107B2 JP 3830107 B2 JP3830107 B2 JP 3830107B2 JP 30844094 A JP30844094 A JP 30844094A JP 30844094 A JP30844094 A JP 30844094A JP 3830107 B2 JP3830107 B2 JP 3830107B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
roller
cooling
film
flatness
heating
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JP30844094A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08142209A (en
Inventor
浩 中嶋
國平 瀬戸
孝 竹内
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Fujifilm Holdings Corp
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Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性を改良する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの高度な平面性を要求されるものとして、厚さ100〜200μm、幅1〜4mの写真フィルム用支持体がある。その代表的なものとしては、フィルム用ドープをバンドなどの流延支持体上に流延する溶液製膜法によって製膜されたセルローストリアセテートフィルムがある。また、押出機を用いて帯状に溶融押出し、さらに二軸延伸する溶融製膜法によって製膜されたポリエステルフィルムもある。
【0003】
これらの写真フィルム用支持体の平面性故障の一つとしては、フィルムウエブの搬送方向に発生する連続的なしわがある。例えば、大きなしわは、ピッチ10〜50mm、凹凸の高さは1〜6mmのもの、小さなしわは、ピッチ0.3〜4.0mm、凹凸の高さ1〜6μmのものなどである。また、フィルムウエブの幅方向に部分的なたるみが発生する場合がある。この部分的たるみ箇所はウエブの中央部や端部などさまざまであり、ウエブのたるみは、塗布機で高速搬送するとき、しわの発生や、ウエブの搬送故障を引き起こす。しわなどのフィルム面の凹凸は、写真乳剤層の塗布ムラの原因となるものである。
【0004】
セルローストリアセテートフィルムの平面性を改良する従来の技術としては、特開平4−152125号公報に開示してあるように、セルローストリアセテートフィルムの溶液流延製膜方法において、残留溶媒が10%以下となる乾燥の最終工程で該フルムの幅方向に2〜6%延伸させる方法がある。その場合幅方向に延伸する装置としては、ポリエステルフィルムの幅方向延伸に用いるテンターマシンを用いている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した従来の方法では、幅方向延伸機、すなわち、テンターマシンを必要とするため、製膜設備費が莫大なものになるという欠点を有する。
【0006】
本発明は、高額な設備費を必要としない平面性改良方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の、上記目的は
▲1▼ 熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムからなるウエブを、遠赤外線ヒーターと加熱ローラで加熱しつつ搬送して平坦にするローラ加熱工程と、該ローラ加熱工程の直後に冷却ローラで冷却しつつ搬送して固化させるローラ冷却工程とを連続的に通過させる熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法において、前記ローラ加熱工程の遠赤外線ヒータを幅方向に区分してフイルムの平面性に対応して個別に温度設定することを特徴とする熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。
▲2▼ 熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムからなるウエブを、遠赤外線ヒーターと加熱ローラで加熱しつつ搬送して平坦にするローラ加熱工程と、該ローラ加熱工程の直後に冷却ローラで冷却しつつ搬送して固化させるローラ冷却工程とを連続的に通過させる熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法において、前記ローラ冷却工程のフィルムの表面温度が熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムのガラス転移点温度近傍となる位置において、フイルムの平面性に対応して冷却ローラの平行度を任意に調節することを特徴とする熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。
によって達成される。
【0008】
本発明における平面性改良装置では、それぞれ複数の加熱ローラ群と冷却ローラ群とを設け、加熱ローラ群で熱伝導あるいは遠赤外線ヒータの輻射によって熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムを能率的に加熱した後、冷却ローラ群で熱伝導で能率的に冷却する。
加熱ローラ群及び冷却ローラ群のローラの数は、製膜速度、ローラ温度、膜厚、残留溶媒量によって適宜増減されるが、通常、10〜30本の間であり、また、ローラの直径は、5〜20cmが好ましく、7〜15cmがより好ましい。
ローラ群の配置は、ローラ間隔が十分小さくなるように、略同一平面または極接近した二つの平面に隣接して配置する。ローラ間隔が大きすぎると、ローラ間の非接触状態のフィルム長さが大きくなって新たにしわが発生し易い。その場合非接触状態のフィルム長さは、搬送する熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの剛性により変化するが、通常、1〜30cmが好ましく、3〜15cmがより好ましい。
【0009】
加熱ローラの温度は、熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムが十分軟化する温度であればよく、セルローストリアセテートの場合、好ましくは100〜190℃、より好ましくは120〜170℃である。ポリエチレンテレフタレートの場合、好ましくは130〜240℃、より好ましくは160〜210℃である。またポリエチレンナフタレートの場合、好ましくは150〜260℃、より好ましくは180〜240℃である。加熱ローラを加熱するには、加熱ローラ自体にヒータなどの内蔵熱源を設けて加熱しても、熱風の対流または遠赤外線ヒータの輻射によって加熱してもよい。
【0010】
本発明の特徴としては、遠赤外線ヒータをウエブの幅方向に区分して個別に温度を設定し、ウエブの幅方向の温度分布をフィルムの平面性に対応して任意に調節できるものにしたことにある。遠赤外線ヒーターの幅方向の区分は15〜30cm間隔が好ましい。遠赤外線ヒータに代えて、幅方向に温度可変の吹出設備あるいは幅方向に分割独立した温度設定可能なヒータ内蔵加熱ローラを使用することも可能である。
【0011】
本発明において冷却ローラの温度は、熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの剛性が十分に得られる温度であればよく、セルローストリアセテートの場合、好ましくは10〜95℃、より好ましくは20〜80℃である。ポリエチレンテレフタレートの場合、好ましくは10〜110℃、より好ましくは20〜80℃である。ポリエチレンナフタレートの場合、好ましくは10〜120℃、より好ましくは20〜80℃である。冷却ローラを所定温度に維持するには、温風、または、所定温度の冷媒を用いた冷却ローラを用いる。
【0012】
ローラ冷却工程の冷却ローラはそれぞれ独立して左右別々に平行度を調節することができる構造を有するが、平面性とくにフィルムウエブの曲がりを改良する場合、加熱ローラで加熱されたフィルムが冷却ローラで冷却される過程において、フィルムの表面温度が熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムのガラス転移点温度(Tg)近傍となる位置の数本の冷却ローラの平行度を調節して平面性を改良するものである。Tgを大幅に越える温度或いはTgよりあるかに低い温度では効果がないことを、本発明者らは見いだしている。又平行度の調節は隣接ローラとの高さ調節によって行う。
【0013】
本発明の熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性改良方法を図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性改良方法を実施する製造装置の一実施例の模式図である。
図1において、符号10は熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの送出ロール、符号20は巻取りロールである。送出ロールに代えて、製膜工程から直接連続的にフイルムが供給される場合もある。平面性改良装置30は、加熱室31と冷却室32とが隣接して設けられており、加熱室31には多数の加熱ローラ33を前述の如く略同一平面状に隣接して配置した加熱ローラ群34が設けられ、冷却室32には冷却ローラ35を略同一平面状に隣接して配置した冷却ローラ群36が加熱ローラ群34に連続して配置されている。また、加熱室31には、熱風供給口37が設けられて、この熱風供給口37から熱風aが室内に供給され加熱ローラを対流によって加熱するようになっており、冷却室32には、冷却風供給口38が設けられ、この冷却風供給口38から冷却風bが室内に供給され冷却ローラを対流によって冷却するようになっている。また、加熱室31には、遠赤外線ヒータ40が設けられ輻射によって加熱ローラを加熱するようになっている。
【0014】
図2は、遠赤外線ヒータ40の構造を示す上面図であり、遠赤外線ヒーターは幅方向に7区分してあり、各区分のヒーターh1〜h7は熱可塑性プラスチックフィルム50の平面性に対応してそれぞれ独立して温度を設定することができる。
【0015】
図3は、冷却室32の冷却ローラ35の平行度を調節する機構を示す1実施例の模式図である。冷却ローラ35の軸受けメタルは、いずれも取付基盤60に対して高さを左右独立に微調節することによって、ローラの平行度を調節することができる。高さ調節は例えばジャッキボルト61などを使用することができる。
【0016】
【作用】
以上のような装置で熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性改良を行うには、平面性の悪い熱可塑性プラスチックフィルム50を平面性改良装置30に送り込み、加熱室31において熱風供給口37より熱風aを吹き込み、対流によって加熱ローラを加熱しつつ、遠赤外線ヒータ40により加熱ローラを照射加熱し加熱されたローラ群34で熱可塑性プラスチックフルム50を巻回しつつ搬送することにより、熱可塑性プラスチックフィルム50を軟化させるとともに、発生しているしわ及び部分的なたるみを加熱ローラによって解消させ、平滑な表面にする。
この時、しわ、または、たるみなどの平面不良部がフィルムウエブ幅方向のどの位置にあるかによって、遠赤外線ヒータ40のh1〜h7の幅方向温度を任意に設定をして、即ち、基本的には、しわの発生部分の位置に相当する遠赤外ヒータの温度を比較的高く、また、たるみ発生部分の位置に相当する遠赤外ヒータの温度を比較的低く、緊張部分の位置に相当する遠赤外ヒータの温度を比較的高く設定する。搬送張力が小さい場合は、逆の設定も有り得る。
【0017】
次に、冷却室32において冷却風供給口38より冷風bを吹き込みつつ冷却ローラを冷却し、冷却ローラ群36により加熱ローラによって矯正した平面状態のまま固化させる。したがって、冷却室32から排出された熱可塑性プラスチックフィルム50は、表面の凹凸がない平面状態の良好なまま巻取りロール20に巻き取られる。
【0018】
一方、フィルムウエブ50のたるみが片側端部に発生している場合、図3に示すように冷却ローラ35にて他端部をジャッキボルト61によって隣接するローラより持ち上げて高さを調節することによって、ローラの平行度を調節してフィルムウエブ50の平面性を改良する。この場合、フィルムウエブ50の幅方向の温度分布は左右対称とするのが好ましい。左右の温度差があると、時間経過の後、ウエブの曲がりが発生しやすいことを本発明者らは見い出している。これは熱処理温度によって経時収縮率が異なるためと推定される。
【0019】
【実施例】
(実施例−1)
平面性を改良すべき写真フィルム用支持体として、セルローストリアセテート85重量%と可塑剤としてトリフェニルホスフェート15重量%から成り、すでに写真乳剤用の下塗りがしてあるフィルム厚み120μm,幅1000mmのフィルムウエブを用いた。該フィルム10mを平板上に展開し、平面性を調べると、全面的に小さなしわ(ピッチ0.3〜4.0mm、凹凸高さ1〜6μm)があり、フィルムウエブ両端部にたるみがあった。
【0020】
該フィルムを図1の平面性改良装置に送り込んで平面性改良処理をした。加熱室31は130℃、冷却室32は50℃であった。加熱ローラ33の直径は10cmで、11cmのピッチで20個配置し、冷却ローラ35の直径は10cmで、11cmのピッチで20個配置した。
【0021】
遠赤外線ヒーター40の表面温度はh1:430℃、h2:420℃、h3:460℃、h4:470℃、h5:460℃、h6:420℃、h7:430℃であった。
【0022】
平面性改良装置30を通過させて得られたセルローストリアセテートフィルム10mを平板上に展開して平面性を検査して結果、しわ及びたるみは改良され平坦であった。
さらに、巻取ロール20を25℃、65%RHで1週間貯蔵した後、高速塗布機で写真乳剤を塗布して塗布ムラを評価した。評価方法は現像処理後、透過光を用いて色ムラを肉眼で判定した。
その結果、フィルムの平面性は良好で、写真乳剤の塗布ムラは殆どなく良好であった。高速塗布機における搬送故障もなかった。
【0023】
(実施例−2)
平面性を改良すべき写真フィルム用支持体として、厚み100μm,幅1000mmのポリエチレンナフタレートフィルムを用いた。該フィルムは溶融押出、二軸延伸し、写真乳剤用下塗りをしたものである。該フィルム10mを平板上に展開して平面性を調べると、全面的に大きなしわ(ピッチ30〜50mm、凹凸高さ5〜6mm)があり、フィルムウエブ片側にたるみがあって、全体的に曲がっていた。
【0024】
該フィルムを図1の平面性改良装置30を用いて平面性改良処理をした。加熱室31は180℃、冷却室32は60℃であった。加熱ローラ33の直径は10cmで、11cmのピッチで20個配置し、冷却ローラ35の直径は10cmで、11cmのピッチで20個配置し、搬送速度は60cm/秒であった。
【0025】
遠赤外線ヒーター40の表面温度はh1:500℃、h2:480℃、h3:480℃、h4:480℃、h5:480℃、h6:480℃、h7:500℃で左右対称であった。
【0026】
さらに、冷却ローラ31について、上流より4番目、6番目及び8番目のローラの片側(たるみ部の反対側)の軸受けメタルを取付基盤60よりジャッキボルト61によって3mm高く設定した。
そして、得られたポリエチレンナフタレートフィルムについて、実施例−1と同様にして、平面性評価を行い、さらに写真乳剤を塗布して塗布ムラを評価した。 その結果、フィルムの平面性は良好で写真乳剤の塗布ムラは殆どなく良好であった。また、高速塗布機における搬送故障もなかった。
【0027】
(比較例−1)
実施例−1と同様の写真フィルム用支持体を、本発明の平面性改良装置に送り込み、その場合遠赤外線ヒーター40の表面温度を450℃均一とした以外は実施例−1同一条件とした。
そして、得られたセルローストリアセテートフィルムについて、実施例−1と同様にして平面性評価を行い、さらに写真乳剤を塗布して塗布ムラを評価した。その結果、フィルムウエブ中央部の平面性は改良されたが、両端部は改良不十分で、写真乳剤の塗布ムラ目立っていた。また、高速塗布機における搬送も不安定であった。
【0028】
(比較例−2)
実施例−2と同様の写真フィルム用支持体を本発明の平面性改良装置に送り込み、冷却ローラの平行度を初期の位置に戻し、遠赤外線ヒーター40の温度分布をコントロールして平面性を改良した。すなわち、ヒーター表面温度をh1:550℃、h2:530℃、h3:530℃、h4:510℃、h5:500℃、h6:480℃、h7:490℃とした。その他の条件は実施例−2と同様とした。
そして、得られたポリエチレンナフタレートフィルム10mを平板上に展開し平面性を検査した結果、しわ及びフィルムウエブの曲がりは改良されたが、しかし、巻取ロールを25℃、65%RHで1週間貯蔵した後、実施例−1と同様、写真乳剤を塗布したところウエブの搬送故障が発生した。このフィルムウエブ10mを平板上に展開したところ、ウエブの曲がりが発生していた。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明の熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法を具現化した装置を用いた結果、、設備費の高価な幅方向延伸機を用いず、熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性を改良することができ、写真乳剤層の均一な塗布が可能となり、写真フィルムの品質を高めるとともに、製造コストの低減に著しく寄与する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性改良方法を実施する装置の一実施例の模式図である。
【図2】本発明の熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性改良方法を実施する装置の遠赤外線ヒーターの区分を示す一実施例の模式図である。
【図3】本発明の熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムの平面性改良方法を実施する装置の冷却ローラの平行度を調節するための一実施例の模式図である。
【符号の説明】
10 送出ロール
20 巻取ロール
30 平面性改良装置
31 加熱室
32 冷却室
33 加熱ローラ
34 加熱ローラ群
35 冷却ローラ
36 冷却ローラ群
37 熱風供給口
38 冷却風供給口
40 遠赤外線ヒータ
50 熱可塑性プラスチックフィルム
60 ローラ取付基盤
61 ジャッキボルト
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A photographic film support having a thickness of 100 to 200 [mu] m and a width of 1 to 4 m is required for a high degree of flatness of the thermoplastic film. A typical example is a cellulose triacetate film formed by a solution casting method in which a film dope is cast on a casting support such as a band. In addition, there is also a polyester film formed by a melt film forming method in which a belt is melt-extruded using an extruder and biaxially stretched.
[0003]
One of the flatness failures of these photographic film supports is a continuous wrinkle that occurs in the film web transport direction. For example, large wrinkles have a pitch of 10 to 50 mm and uneven height of 1 to 6 mm, and small wrinkles have a pitch of 0.3 to 4.0 mm and uneven height of 1 to 6 μm. In addition, partial sag may occur in the width direction of the film web. There are various portions of the sagging portion such as a central portion and an end portion of the web, and the sagging of the web causes wrinkles and web transport failures when transported at high speed by a coating machine. Unevenness on the film surface such as wrinkles causes uneven coating of the photographic emulsion layer.
[0004]
As a conventional technique for improving the planarity of a cellulose triacetate film, as disclosed in JP-A-4-152125, in a solution casting film forming method of a cellulose triacetate film, the residual solvent becomes 10% or less. There is a method of stretching 2 to 6% in the width direction of the flume in the final step of drying. In that case, as an apparatus for stretching in the width direction, a tenter machine used for stretching in the width direction of the polyester film is used.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional method requires a width direction stretching machine, that is, a tenter machine, and thus has a drawback that the cost of film forming equipment becomes enormous.
[0006]
An object of this invention is to provide the flatness improvement method which does not require an expensive installation cost.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The object of the present invention is as follows. (1) A roller heating process for heating and flattening a web made of a thermoplastic film with a far infrared heater and a heating roller, and a cooling roller immediately after the roller heating process. In the method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film that continuously passes through a roller cooling step of conveying and solidifying while cooling, the far infrared heater of the roller heating step is divided in the width direction to cope with the flatness of the film. A method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film, wherein the temperature is individually set.
(2) A roller heating process in which a web made of a thermoplastic film is transported and flattened while being heated by a far infrared heater and a heating roller, and is transported and solidified while being cooled by a cooling roller immediately after the roller heating process. In the method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film that is continuously passed through a roller cooling step, the film flatness at a position where the surface temperature of the film in the roller cooling step is close to the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic film. A method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film, wherein the parallelism of the cooling roller is arbitrarily adjusted in accordance with the above.
Achieved by:
[0008]
In the flatness improving apparatus according to the present invention, a plurality of heating roller groups and cooling roller groups are provided, respectively, and after the thermoplastic film is efficiently heated by heat conduction or radiation of a far infrared heater in the heating roller group, the cooling roller Cool efficiently by heat conduction in groups.
The number of rollers in the heating roller group and the cooling roller group is appropriately increased or decreased depending on the film forming speed, roller temperature, film thickness, and residual solvent amount, but is usually between 10 and 30, and the roller diameter is 5 to 20 cm is preferable, and 7 to 15 cm is more preferable.
The roller group is arranged adjacent to two planes that are substantially the same plane or in close proximity so that the distance between the rollers is sufficiently small. If the distance between the rollers is too large, the length of the film in a non-contact state between the rollers is increased, and new wrinkles are easily generated. In that case, the film length in the non-contact state varies depending on the rigidity of the thermoplastic film to be conveyed, but is usually preferably 1 to 30 cm, more preferably 3 to 15 cm.
[0009]
The temperature of the heating roller may be a temperature at which the thermoplastic film is sufficiently softened. In the case of cellulose triacetate, it is preferably 100 to 190 ° C, more preferably 120 to 170 ° C. In the case of polyethylene terephthalate, it is preferably 130 to 240 ° C, more preferably 160 to 210 ° C. In the case of polyethylene naphthalate, the temperature is preferably 150 to 260 ° C, more preferably 180 to 240 ° C. In order to heat the heating roller, the heating roller itself may be provided with a built-in heat source such as a heater, or may be heated by convection of hot air or radiation of a far infrared heater.
[0010]
As a feature of the present invention, the far-infrared heater is divided into the width direction of the web and the temperature is individually set, and the temperature distribution in the width direction of the web can be arbitrarily adjusted corresponding to the flatness of the film. It is in. The section in the width direction of the far infrared heater is preferably 15 to 30 cm apart. Instead of the far-infrared heater, it is also possible to use blowing equipment whose temperature is variable in the width direction or a heating roller with a built-in heater that can be set independently in the width direction.
[0011]
In the present invention, the temperature of the cooling roller may be a temperature at which sufficient rigidity of the thermoplastic film can be obtained. In the case of cellulose triacetate, it is preferably 10 to 95 ° C, more preferably 20 to 80 ° C. In the case of polyethylene terephthalate, it is preferably 10 to 110 ° C, more preferably 20 to 80 ° C. In the case of polyethylene naphthalate, it is preferably 10 to 120 ° C, more preferably 20 to 80 ° C. In order to maintain the cooling roller at a predetermined temperature, a cooling roller using warm air or a refrigerant having a predetermined temperature is used.
[0012]
The cooling rollers in the roller cooling process have a structure in which the parallelism can be adjusted independently on the left and right sides, but when improving the flatness, especially the bending of the film web, the film heated by the heating roller is the cooling roller. In the cooling process, the flatness is improved by adjusting the parallelism of several cooling rollers at positions where the surface temperature of the film is close to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the thermoplastic film. The present inventors have found that there is no effect at temperatures significantly above Tg or below Tg. The parallelism is adjusted by adjusting the height with the adjacent roller.
[0013]
A method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a production apparatus for carrying out a method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a thermoplastic film feed roll, and reference numeral 20 denotes a winding roll. Instead of the delivery roll, the film may be supplied directly and continuously from the film forming process. The flatness improving apparatus 30 is provided with a heating chamber 31 and a cooling chamber 32 adjacent to each other, and the heating chamber 31 includes a plurality of heating rollers 33 arranged adjacent to each other in substantially the same plane as described above. A group 34 is provided, and in the cooling chamber 32, a cooling roller group 36 in which cooling rollers 35 are arranged adjacent to each other in substantially the same plane is arranged continuously with the heating roller group 34. The heating chamber 31 is provided with a hot air supply port 37, and hot air a is supplied into the room from the hot air supply port 37 to heat the heating roller by convection. A wind supply port 38 is provided, and cooling air b is supplied into the room from the cooling air supply port 38 to cool the cooling roller by convection. The heating chamber 31 is provided with a far infrared heater 40 to heat the heating roller by radiation.
[0014]
FIG. 2 is a top view showing the structure of the far-infrared heater 40. The far-infrared heater is divided into seven sections in the width direction, and the heaters h1 to h7 in each section correspond to the flatness of the thermoplastic film 50. Each temperature can be set independently.
[0015]
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment showing a mechanism for adjusting the parallelism of the cooling roller 35 in the cooling chamber 32. The bearing metal of the cooling roller 35 can adjust the degree of parallelism of the rollers by finely adjusting the height of the mounting base 60 independently on the left and right sides. For example, jack bolt 61 can be used for height adjustment.
[0016]
[Action]
In order to improve the flatness of the thermoplastic film with the apparatus as described above, the thermoplastic film 50 with poor flatness is sent to the flatness improving apparatus 30 and hot air a is blown from the hot air supply port 37 into the heating chamber 31. While the heating roller is heated by convection, the thermoplastic roller 50 is irradiated and heated by the far-infrared heater 40, and the thermoplastic film 50 is wound and conveyed by the heated roller group 34, thereby softening the thermoplastic film 50. At the same time, the generated wrinkles and partial sagging are eliminated by the heating roller, and a smooth surface is obtained.
At this time, the temperature in the width direction of h1 to h7 of the far-infrared heater 40 is arbitrarily set according to the position in the width direction of the film web where the defective plane portion such as wrinkles or sagging is present. The temperature of the far infrared heater corresponding to the position of the wrinkle generating portion is relatively high, and the temperature of the far infrared heater corresponding to the position of the slack generating portion is relatively low, corresponding to the position of the tension portion. Set the temperature of the far infrared heater to be relatively high. If the transport tension is low, the reverse setting is possible.
[0017]
Next, in the cooling chamber 32, the cooling roller is cooled while blowing the cooling air b from the cooling air supply port 38, and solidified in the flat state corrected by the heating roller by the cooling roller group 36. Therefore, the thermoplastic film 50 discharged from the cooling chamber 32 is taken up by the take-up roll 20 in a flat state with no surface irregularities.
[0018]
On the other hand, when the sagging of the film web 50 is generated at one end, the other end is lifted by the jack bolt 61 by the cooling roller 35 and the height is adjusted as shown in FIG. The flatness of the film web 50 is improved by adjusting the parallelism of the rollers. In this case, the temperature distribution in the width direction of the film web 50 is preferably symmetrical. The present inventors have found that if there is a temperature difference between left and right, the web is likely to bend after a lapse of time. This is presumably because the shrinkage ratio with time varies depending on the heat treatment temperature.
[0019]
【Example】
(Example-1)
A film web having a thickness of 120 μm and a width of 1000 mm, which is an undercoat for photographic emulsion, comprising 85% by weight of cellulose triacetate and 15% by weight of triphenyl phosphate as a plasticizer as a support for a photographic film whose planarity should be improved. Was used. When the film 10m was developed on a flat plate and the planarity was examined, there were small wrinkles (pitch 0.3 to 4.0 mm, uneven height 1 to 6 μm) over the entire surface, and there was slack at both ends of the film web. .
[0020]
The film was fed into the flatness improving apparatus shown in FIG. The heating chamber 31 was 130 ° C., and the cooling chamber 32 was 50 ° C. The diameter of the heating roller 33 is 10 cm and 20 pieces are arranged at a pitch of 11 cm, and the diameter of the cooling roller 35 is 10 cm and 20 pieces are arranged at a pitch of 11 cm.
[0021]
The surface temperature of the far-infrared heater 40 was h1: 430 ° C, h2: 420 ° C, h3: 460 ° C, h4: 470 ° C, h5: 460 ° C, h6: 420 ° C, h7: 430 ° C.
[0022]
The cellulose triacetate film 10m obtained by passing through the flatness improving apparatus 30 was developed on a flat plate and examined for flatness. As a result, wrinkles and sagging were improved and flat.
Further, the winding roll 20 was stored at 25 ° C. and 65% RH for 1 week, and then the photographic emulsion was coated with a high speed coater to evaluate the coating unevenness. In the evaluation method, color unevenness was determined with the naked eye using transmitted light after development.
As a result, the flatness of the film was good, and there was almost no unevenness in coating of the photographic emulsion. There was no conveyance failure in the high-speed coating machine.
[0023]
(Example-2)
A polyethylene naphthalate film having a thickness of 100 μm and a width of 1000 mm was used as a support for a photographic film whose planarity should be improved. The film is melt-extruded, biaxially stretched, and coated with a photographic emulsion primer. When the film 10m was developed on a flat plate and examined for flatness, there was a large wrinkle (pitch 30-50mm, uneven height 5-6mm) over the entire surface, there was slack on one side of the film web, and it was bent as a whole. It was.
[0024]
The film was subjected to flatness improving treatment using the flatness improving apparatus 30 of FIG. The heating chamber 31 was 180 ° C., and the cooling chamber 32 was 60 ° C. The diameter of the heating roller 33 was 10 cm, 20 pieces were arranged at a pitch of 11 cm, the diameter of the cooling roller 35 was 10 cm, 20 pieces were arranged at a pitch of 11 cm, and the conveyance speed was 60 cm / second.
[0025]
The surface temperature of the far-infrared heater 40 was symmetric at h1: 500 ° C, h2: 480 ° C, h3: 480 ° C, h4: 480 ° C, h5: 480 ° C, h6: 480 ° C, h7: 500 ° C.
[0026]
Further, with respect to the cooling roller 31, the bearing metal on one side (opposite the slack portion) of the fourth, sixth and eighth rollers from the upstream side was set 3 mm higher than the mounting base 60 by the jack bolt 61.
Then, the obtained polyethylene naphthalate film was evaluated for planarity in the same manner as in Example 1, and further a photographic emulsion was applied to evaluate coating unevenness. As a result, the flatness of the film was good and there was almost no unevenness in coating of the photographic emulsion. Moreover, there was no conveyance failure in the high-speed coating machine.
[0027]
(Comparative Example-1)
The same support for photographic film as in Example-1 was fed into the flatness improving apparatus of the present invention, and in this case, the same conditions as in Example-1 were adopted except that the surface temperature of the far infrared heater 40 was made 450 ° C uniform.
Then, the obtained cellulose triacetate film was evaluated for planarity in the same manner as in Example 1, and a photographic emulsion was further applied to evaluate coating unevenness. As a result, the flatness of the central portion of the film web was improved, but both ends were insufficiently improved, and the coating unevenness of the photographic emulsion was conspicuous. Moreover, the conveyance in a high-speed coating machine was also unstable.
[0028]
(Comparative Example-2)
The same photographic film support as in Example-2 was fed into the flatness improving apparatus of the present invention, the parallelism of the cooling roller was returned to the initial position, and the temperature distribution of the far infrared heater 40 was controlled to improve the flatness. did. That is, the heater surface temperature was set to h1: 550 ° C, h2: 530 ° C, h3: 530 ° C, h4: 510 ° C, h5: 500 ° C, h6: 480 ° C, h7: 490 ° C. Other conditions were the same as in Example-2.
And, as a result of developing the obtained polyethylene naphthalate film 10m on a flat plate and inspecting the flatness, the wrinkles and the bending of the film web were improved, but the winding roll was 25 ° C., 65% RH for 1 week. After storage, a photographic emulsion was applied in the same manner as in Example 1, and a web conveyance failure occurred. When this film web 10m was spread on a flat plate, the web was bent.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As a result of using the apparatus embodying the method for improving the flatness of the thermoplastic film of the present invention, it is possible to improve the flatness of the thermoplastic film without using an expensive width direction stretching machine with high equipment costs. Emulsion layers can be uniformly coated, improving the quality of photographic film and contributing significantly to reducing manufacturing costs.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one embodiment showing a section of a far infrared heater of an apparatus for carrying out the method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment for adjusting the parallelism of the cooling roller of the apparatus for carrying out the method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sending roll 20 Winding roll 30 Flatness improvement apparatus 31 Heating chamber 32 Cooling chamber 33 Heating roller 34 Heating roller group 35 Cooling roller 36 Cooling roller group 37 Hot air supply port 38 Cooling air supply port 40 Far-infrared heater 50 Thermoplastic film 60 Roller mounting base 61 Jack bolt

Claims (7)

熱可塑性プラスチックフイルムからなるウエブを、加熱ローラで加熱しつつ搬送して平坦にするローラ加熱工程と、該ローラ加熱工程の直後に冷却ローラで冷却しつつ搬送して固化させるローラ冷却工程とを連続的に通過させる熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法において、
該ローラ加熱工程が加熱ローラ群、該ローラ冷却工程が冷却ローラ群を有し、加熱ローラ群及び冷却ローラ群における各ローラ間の非接触状態のフィルムの長さが1〜30cmであり、該ローラ加熱工程において、ウエブを幅方向に区分してフイルムの平面性に対応して個別に温度設定することを特徴とする熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。
A roller heating process in which a web made of a thermoplastic film is transported and flattened while being heated by a heating roller, and a roller cooling process in which it is transported and solidified while being cooled by a cooling roller immediately after the roller heating process are continuously performed. In the method for improving the flatness of the thermoplastic film to be passed through,
The roller heating step includes a heating roller group, and the roller cooling step includes a cooling roller group, and the length of the non-contact film between the rollers in the heating roller group and the cooling roller group is 1 to 30 cm. A method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film, characterized in that, in the heating step, the web is divided in the width direction and the temperature is individually set corresponding to the flatness of the film.
幅方向に温度可変の吹出設備、あるいは幅方向に分割独立した温度設定可能なヒータ内臓加熱ローラを使用することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。  2. The method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film according to claim 1, wherein a blowing device whose temperature is variable in the width direction or a heater built-in heating roller capable of temperature setting divided and independent in the width direction is used. 熱可塑性プラスチックフイルムからなるウエブを、遠赤外線ヒータと加熱ローラで加熱しつつ搬送して平坦にするローラ加熱工程と、該ローラ加熱工程の直後に冷却ローラで冷却しつつ搬送して固化させるローラ冷却工程とを連続的に通過させる熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法において、
該ローラ加熱工程が加熱ローラ群、該ローラ冷却工程が冷却ローラ群を有し、加熱ローラ群及び冷却ローラ群における各ローラ間の非接触状態のフィルムの長さが1〜30cmであり、該ローラ加熱工程の遠赤外線ヒータを幅方向に区分してフイルムの平面性に対応して個別に温度設定することを特徴とする熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。
A roller heating process in which a web made of a thermoplastic film is transported and flattened while being heated by a far-infrared heater and a heating roller, and roller cooling in which the web is solidified by being cooled by a cooling roller immediately after the roller heating process. In the method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film that is continuously passed through a process,
The roller heating step includes a heating roller group, and the roller cooling step includes a cooling roller group, and the length of the non-contact film between the rollers in the heating roller group and the cooling roller group is 1 to 30 cm. A method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film, characterized in that the far-infrared heater in the heating step is divided in the width direction and the temperature is individually set corresponding to the flatness of the film.
前記ローラ冷却工程のフィルムの表面温度が熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムのガラス転移点温度近傍となる位置において、フィルムの平面性に対応して冷却ローラの平行度を任意に調節することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。  The parallelism of the cooling roller is arbitrarily adjusted in accordance with the flatness of the film at a position where the surface temperature of the film in the roller cooling step is near the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic film. The flatness improvement method of the thermoplastic film in any one of 1-3. 熱可塑性プラスチックフイルムからなるウエブを、加熱ローラで加熱しつつ搬送して平坦にするローラ加熱工程と、該ローラ加熱工程の直後に冷却ローラで冷却しつつ搬送して固化させるローラ冷却工程とを連続的に通過させる熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法において、
該ローラ加熱工程が加熱ローラ群、該ローラ冷却工程が冷却ローラ群を有し、加熱ローラ群及び冷却ローラ群における各ローラ間の非接触状態のフィルムの長さが1〜30cmであり、該ローラ冷却工程のフィルムの表面温度が熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムのガ
ラス転移点温度近傍となる位置において、フィルムの平面性に対応して冷却ローラの平行度を任意に調節することを特徴とする熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。
A roller heating process in which a web made of a thermoplastic film is transported and flattened while being heated by a heating roller, and a roller cooling process in which it is transported and solidified while being cooled by a cooling roller immediately after the roller heating process are continuously performed. In the method for improving the flatness of the thermoplastic film to be passed through,
The roller heating step includes a heating roller group, and the roller cooling step includes a cooling roller group, and the length of the non-contact film between the rollers in the heating roller group and the cooling roller group is 1 to 30 cm. A thermoplastic film characterized in that the parallelism of the cooling roller is arbitrarily adjusted in accordance with the flatness of the film at a position where the surface temperature of the film in the cooling step is near the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic film. Flatness improvement method.
該ローラ冷却工程において、幅方向の温度分布を左右対称とすることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。  6. The method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film according to claim 4 or 5, wherein in the roller cooling step, the temperature distribution in the width direction is symmetrical. 加熱ローラ群及び冷却ローラ群のローラの数が10〜30本の間であり、ローラの直径が5〜20cmであり、各ローラ間の非接触状態のフィルムの長さが1〜30cmであることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性フィルムの平面性改良方法。The number of rollers of the heating roller group and the cooling roller group is between 10 and 30, the diameter of the roller is 5 to 20 cm, and the length of the non-contact film between the rollers is 1 to 30 cm. The method for improving the flatness of a thermoplastic film according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
JP30844094A 1994-11-18 1994-11-18 Method for improving flatness of thermoplastic film Expired - Fee Related JP3830107B2 (en)

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