JP3772519B2

JP3772519B2 - Surface heating device

Info

Publication number: JP3772519B2
Application number: JP06985198A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 健妹尾
Original assignee: Fujitsu General Ltd
Current assignee: Fujitsu General Ltd
Priority date: 1998-03-19
Filing date: 1998-03-19
Publication date: 2006-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2018-03-19
Also published as: JPH11273832A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電気カーペット、電気毛布、電気パネルヒータ等の面状採暖具に係わり、特に発熱線および短絡線の巻線構造に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の電気カーペット等の面状採暖具は図２、図４（Ａ）、図５、図６および図７に示すように、通電により発熱する発熱体２２を内蔵した本体２１と、その発熱体２２への通電量を制御して本体２１の温度を制御する制御回路や安全保護装置等を含めた制御部２３とからなり、制御部２３には給電用のプラグ２４が接続してある。
前記発熱体２２は、ポリエステル繊維等からなる巻き芯２５の周囲に発熱線２６を螺旋状に捲回し、その上からナイロン等からなる感熱層２７を被覆し、この上に短絡線２８を螺旋状に捲回し、その上から塩化ビニール等からなる外被絶縁層２９を被覆した構成となっている。
【０００３】
前記発熱体２２を表生地と裏生地間に挟持し蛇行状に配設し、発熱線２６の一端を電源スイッチ３０とリレー接点３１とを直列に配して電源24a に接続し、他端を電流ヒューズ３２と温度ヒューズ３３とを直列に配して電源24a に接続され、発熱体２２は通電により発熱する。
前記発熱線２６が異常過熱した時、発熱線２６を被覆する感熱層２７のインピーダンスが小さくなり（又は溶け）、発熱線２６と短絡線２８との間に短絡電流が流れる結果、短絡線２８に接続された発熱抵抗が発熱して温度過昇防止回路を介して、温度ヒューズ３３を溶断させ電源回路を切れるようにしている。
【０００４】
図６に示すように、前記発熱線２６に流れる電流Iaと、前記短絡線２８に流れる電流Ibを互いに逆方向（逆位相）になるように流し、磁界の発生を抑えたものがある。
しかしながら、発熱線２６の電流の流れはじめのａ点の抵抗は小さく電圧が高く、電流の流れ終わるｂ点は電圧降下し電圧が低くなっている。一方短絡線２８の電流の流れはじめのｃ点は電圧が高く、電流の流れ終わるｄ点は電圧が低くなっている。このため、図４（Ａ）に示すように、ａ−ｄ間およびｂ−ｃ間の電位差Vaが大きくなり、発熱線２６と短絡線２８とが短絡した場合、瞬間的に大電流が流れ、放電音やアークによる類焼の恐れが生じるという問題があった。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記問題点に鑑みなされたもので、発熱線および短絡線をそれぞれ２つに分割し、商用電源に対し直列接続されると共に、互いに流れる電流方向が逆方向となるよう並列接続し、発熱線と短絡線間の電位差を小さくし、短絡時の放電音やアークによる類焼を防止することのできる面状採暖具を提供することを目的としている。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、巻き芯に捲回した発熱線と、同発熱線との間に感熱層を介在させ同軸上に螺旋状に捲回された短絡線とからなり、商用電源に接続され通電により発熱する発熱体を、表生地と裏生地間に挟持し、蛇行状に配設してなる面状採暖具において、
前記発熱線および短絡線をそれぞれ２つに分割し、発熱線または短絡線の一方が両中間点同志で接続され、他方が両外端同志で接続され、それぞれ前記商用電源に対し直列接続されると共に、前記発熱線と短絡線を互いに流れる電流方向が逆方向となるよう並列接続する構成となっている。
【０００７】
また、前記２つに分割された発熱線および短絡線はそれぞれ対をなし長さが等しく形成された構成となっている。
【０００８】
また、前記発熱線はそれぞれ両端間の抵抗値が等しくなるよう２つに分割した構成となっている。
また、前記短絡線はそれぞれ両端間の抵抗値が等しくなるよう２つに分割した構成となっている。
【０００９】
また、前記２つに分割された発熱線および短絡線の各線端部の相対向するそれぞれの線間の電位差がほぼ同等となる構成となっている。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて本発明による面状採暖具の実施の形態を説明する。
図１は本発明による電気カーペット等面状採暖具の外観概略図で、図２は本発明の発熱体の拡大構造図で、図３は本発明による要部回路図である。
図において、面状採暖具の基本的な構成は、通電により発熱する発熱体２を内蔵した本体１と、その発熱体２への通電量を制御して本体１の温度を制御する制御回路や安全保護装置等を含めた制御部３とからなっている。
【００１１】
本体１には繊維布からなる表生地と裏生地の間に発熱体２を蛇行状に配設してあり、発熱体２の端末部分は電気的に制御部３にまとめて接続されており、制御部３には給電用のプラグ４が接続してある。
【００１２】
前記発熱体２は、ポリエステル繊維等の絶縁材からなる巻き芯５に螺旋状に捲回された発熱線６と、同発熱線６ナイロン等からなる感熱層７で被覆し、この同軸上に短絡線８を螺旋状に捲回し、その上から塩化ビニール等からなる外被絶縁層９を被覆した構成となっている。
【００１３】
前記発熱線６は両端の抵抗値がほぼ等しい２つの発熱線6a,6b に分割され、発熱線6aの一端ａ点を電源スイッチ１０とリレー接点１１とを直列に配して電源4aに接続し、発熱線6aの他端と発熱線6bの一端をｅ点で直列に接続し、発熱線6bの他端ｂ点を電流ヒューズ１２と温度ヒューズ１３とを直列に配して電源４ａに接続することにより、発熱体２は通電により発熱する。
【００１４】
前記短絡線８は両端の抵抗値がほぼ等しい２つの短絡線8a,8b に分割され、短絡線8aの中間側の一端ｃ点を電源スイッチ10とリレー接点11とを直列に配して電源4aに接続し、短絡線8aの他端ｆ点と短絡線8bの一端ｇ点を直列に接続し、短絡線8bの中間側の他端ｄ点を電流ヒューズ12と温度ヒューズ13とを直列に配して電源４ａに接続し、前記発熱線６に流れる電流Iaと前記短絡線８に流れる電流Ibは互いに逆方向（逆位相）とし、磁界を打ち消すように構成されている。
【００１５】
前記発熱線６が異常過熱や衝撃を受けた時、発熱線６を被覆する前記感熱層７のインピーダンスが小さくなり（又は溶け）、発熱線６と前記短絡線８との間に短絡電流が流れる結果、短絡線８に接続された発熱抵抗が発熱して図示してない温度過昇防止回路を介して、温度ヒューズ13を溶断させ電源回路が切られる。
【００１６】
前記発熱線6aと短絡線8a、および発熱線6bと短絡線8bは同軸上に互いに対をなして捲回され、これらの線の各ポイントの電圧関係を図４（Ｂ）に示す。
発熱線６の電流の流れはじめのａ点の抵抗は小さく電圧が高く、ｃ点およびｂ点にいくほど電圧が降下しｂ点が最も電圧が低くなっている。一方短絡線８は電流の流れはじめの中間側のｃ点の電圧が高く、ｆ点（ｇ点も同じ）からｄ点にいくほど電圧が降下しｄ点が最も電圧が低くなっている。
【００１７】
この結果、前記発熱線６と短絡線８の各ポイントの線間即ち、ａ−ｆ間、ｅ−ｃ間、ｅ−ｄ間およびｂ−ｇ間の電位差Vbはほぼ同等となり、図４（Ａ）に示す従来の発熱線と短絡線の両端間の電位差Vaの約半部と小さくなっている。
上記構成のように、発熱線６および短絡線８をそれぞれ6a,6b および8a,8b の２つに分割し、商用電源4aに対し直列接続されると共に、互いに流れる電流位相が逆位相となるよう発熱線６および短絡線８を並列接続し、各ポイントの線間の電位差を小さくすることにより、発熱線６が異常過熱や衝撃を受け、短絡した時の放電音やアークによる類焼を防止することのできる面状採暖具となる。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明によれば、
上記構成のように、発熱線および短絡線をそれぞれ２つに分割し、商用電源に対し直列接続されると共に、互いに流れる電流位相が逆位相となるよう発熱線および短絡線を並列接続し、各ポイントの線間の電位差を小さくすることにより、発熱線６が異常過熱や衝撃を受け、短絡した時の放電音やアークによる類焼を防止することのできる面状採暖具となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明における面状採暖具の外観概略図である。
【図２】本発明による発熱体の拡大構造図である。
【図３】本発明による要部回路図である。
【図４】本発明および従来例による発熱線と短絡線の電圧関係を表す図で、（Ａ）は従来例で、（Ｂ）は本発明による実施例である。
【図５】従来例における面状採暖具の外観概略図である。
【図６】従来例における発熱体の拡大構造図である。
【図７】従来例における要部回路図である。
【符号の説明】
１本体
２発熱体
３制御部
４プラグ
５巻き芯
６発熱線
７感熱層
８短絡線
９外被絶縁層
10 電源スイッチ
11 リレー接点
12 電流ヒユーズ
13 温度ヒユーズ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sheet heating device such as an electric carpet, an electric blanket, and an electric panel heater, and more particularly to a heating structure of a heating wire and a short circuit wire.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 (A), FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, a conventional sheet heating device such as an electric carpet has a main body 21 including a heating element 22 that generates heat when energized, and its heating element. The control unit 23 includes a control circuit that controls the amount of power supplied to the main body 21 to control the temperature of the main body 21, a safety protection device, and the like. The control unit 23 is connected to a power supply plug 24.
In the heating element 22, a heating wire 26 is spirally wound around a winding core 25 made of polyester fiber or the like, a heat-sensitive layer 27 made of nylon or the like is coated thereon, and a short-circuit wire 28 is spirally wound thereon. The outer insulating layer 29 made of vinyl chloride or the like is coated on the outer periphery.
[0003]
The heating element 22 is sandwiched between the front and back fabrics and arranged in a meandering manner. One end of the heating wire 26 is connected to the power source 24a by connecting the power switch 30 and the relay contact 31 in series, and the other end is connected. A current fuse 32 and a temperature fuse 33 are arranged in series and connected to a power source 24a, and the heating element 22 generates heat when energized.
When the heating wire 26 is abnormally overheated, the impedance of the heat sensitive layer 27 covering the heating wire 26 is reduced (or melted), and a short-circuit current flows between the heating wire 26 and the short-circuit wire 28. The connected heating resistor generates heat and the thermal fuse 33 is blown through the overtemperature prevention circuit so that the power supply circuit is cut off.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 6, the current Ia flowing through the heating wire 26 and the current Ib flowing through the shorting wire 28 are caused to flow in opposite directions (in opposite phases) to suppress the generation of a magnetic field.
However, the resistance at the point a at the beginning of the current flow of the heating wire 26 is small and the voltage is high, and the voltage at the point b at which the current flow ends is lowered and the voltage is low. On the other hand, the voltage at the point c at the beginning of the current flow in the short-circuit line 28 is high, and the voltage at the point d at which the current flow ends is low. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), when the potential difference Va between ad and bc becomes large and the heating wire 26 and the short-circuit wire 28 are short-circuited, a large current flows instantaneously, There was a problem that there was a risk of burning due to discharge noise or arc.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and each of the heating wire and the short-circuit wire is divided into two parts, connected in series to the commercial power supply, and connected in parallel so that the directions of currents flowing in opposite directions are opposite to each other, An object of the present invention is to provide a planar warming tool that can reduce a potential difference between a heating wire and a short-circuit wire, and can prevent discharge noise or arcing due to an arc at the time of a short-circuit.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and a heating wire wound around a winding core, and a short-circuit wire spirally wound coaxially with a heat-sensitive layer interposed between the heating wires. In a surface warming tool that is connected to a commercial power source and generates heat when energized, sandwiched between a front fabric and a back fabric and arranged in a meandering manner,
The heating wire and the short-circuit wire are each divided into two, one of the heating wire or the short-circuit wire is connected at both intermediate points, the other is connected at both outer ends, and each is connected in series to the commercial power source. At the same time, the heating wires and the short-circuit wires are connected in parallel so that the directions of the currents flowing in the opposite directions are opposite to each other.
[0007]
Further, the heating wire and the short-circuit wire divided into two are paired and have the same length.
[0008]
The heating wire is divided into two so that the resistance values between both ends are equal.
The short-circuit wire is divided into two so that the resistance values between both ends are equal.
[0009]
In addition, the potential difference between the opposing lines at the end portions of the heating wire and the short-circuit wire divided into two is substantially equal.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the planar warming device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a surface heating device such as an electric carpet according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged structural view of a heating element according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a main part according to the present invention.
In the figure, the basic structure of the planar warming tool includes a main body 1 including a heating element 2 that generates heat by energization, and a control circuit that controls the temperature of the main body 1 by controlling the amount of energization to the heating element 2. It consists of a control unit 3 including a safety protection device and the like.
[0011]
The main body 1 has a heating element 2 arranged in a meandering manner between a front fabric and a back fabric made of fiber cloth, and the terminal portion of the heating element 2 is electrically connected to the control unit 3 together. A plug 4 for power supply is connected to the control unit 3.
[0012]
The heating element 2 is covered with a heating wire 6 spirally wound around a winding core 5 made of an insulating material such as polyester fiber, and a heat sensitive layer 7 made of nylon or the like, and short-circuited on the same axis. The wire 8 is wound in a spiral shape and covered with an outer insulating layer 9 made of vinyl chloride or the like.
[0013]
The heating wire 6 is divided into two heating wires 6a and 6b having substantially equal resistance values at both ends, and one end a of the heating wire 6a is connected to the power source 4a by arranging the power switch 10 and the relay contact 11 in series. The other end of the heating wire 6a and one end of the heating wire 6b are connected in series at point e, and the other end b of the heating wire 6b is connected in series with the current fuse 12 and the thermal fuse 13 and connected to the power source 4a. Thus, the heating element 2 generates heat when energized.
[0014]
The short-circuit line 8 is divided into two short-circuit lines 8a and 8b having substantially the same resistance value at both ends, and a power switch 10 and a relay contact 11 are arranged in series at one end c on the intermediate side of the short-circuit line 8a. The other end f of the short-circuit wire 8a and one end g-point of the short-circuit wire 8b are connected in series, and the other end d on the intermediate side of the short-circuit wire 8b is connected in series with the current fuse 12 and the thermal fuse 13. Then, the current Ia flowing through the heating wire 6 and the current Ib flowing through the short-circuit wire 8 are connected to the power source 4a in opposite directions (in opposite phases) to cancel the magnetic field.
[0015]
When the heating wire 6 is subjected to abnormal overheating or impact, the impedance of the heat-sensitive layer 7 covering the heating wire 6 becomes small (or melts), and a short-circuit current flows between the heating wire 6 and the short-circuit wire 8. As a result, the heating resistor connected to the short-circuit line 8 generates heat, and the thermal fuse 13 is blown through a temperature overheating prevention circuit (not shown) to cut the power supply circuit.
[0016]
The heating wire 6a and the shorting wire 8a, and the heating wire 6b and the shorting wire 8b are wound on the same axis as a pair, and the voltage relationship at each point of these wires is shown in FIG. 4 (B).
The resistance at point a at the beginning of the current flow in the heating wire 6 is small and the voltage is high. The voltage drops toward point c and point b, and the voltage at point b is the lowest. On the other hand, the short-circuit wire 8 has a higher voltage at the point c on the intermediate side at the beginning of the current flow.
[0017]
As a result, the potential differences Vb between the points of the heating wire 6 and the short-circuit wire 8, that is, between af, ec, ed, and bg are substantially equal, and FIG. ), The potential difference Va between both ends of the conventional heating wire and the short-circuit wire is as small as about half.
As in the above configuration, the heating wire 6 and the short-circuit wire 8 are divided into two parts 6a, 6b and 8a, 8b, respectively, and connected in series to the commercial power source 4a so that the phases of the currents flowing to each other are reversed. By connecting the heating wire 6 and the short-circuit wire 8 in parallel and reducing the potential difference between the wires at each point, the heating wire 6 is abnormally overheated or shocked to prevent discharge noise or arcing due to arcing when short-circuited. It becomes a surface heating device that can be used.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As explained above, according to the present invention,
As in the above configuration, the heating wire and the short-circuit wire are each divided into two and connected in series to the commercial power supply, and the heating wire and the short-circuit wire are connected in parallel so that the phases of the flowing currents are opposite to each other. By reducing the potential difference between the point wires, the heating wire 6 is abnormally overheated or shocked, and it becomes a planar warming tool that can prevent discharge noise or arcing due to arc when short-circuited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a planar warming device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged structural view of a heating element according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a main part circuit diagram according to the present invention.
4A and 4B are diagrams showing a voltage relationship between a heating wire and a short-circuit wire according to the present invention and a conventional example, in which FIG. 4A is a conventional example, and FIG. 4B is an example according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic external view of a planar warmer in a conventional example.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged structural view of a heating element in a conventional example.
FIG. 7 is a main part circuit diagram in a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 2 Heating element 3 Control part 4 Plug 5 Winding core 6 Heating wire 7 Heat sensitive layer 8 Short-circuit wire 9 Outer insulation layer
10 Power switch
11 Relay contact
12 current fuses
13 Temperature fuse

Claims

巻き芯に捲回した発熱線と、同発熱線との間に感熱層を介在させた同軸上に螺旋状に捲回された短絡線とからなり、商用電源に接続され通電により発熱する発熱体を、表生地と裏生地間に挟持し、蛇行状に配設してなる面状採暖具において、
前記発熱線および短絡線をそれぞれ２つに分割し、発熱線または短絡線の一方が両中間点同志で接続され、他方が両外端同志で接続され、それぞれ前記商用電源に対し直列接続されると共に、前記発熱線と短絡線を互いに流れる電流方向が逆方向となるよう並列接続してなることを特徴とする面状採暖具。A heating element consisting of a heating wire wound around a winding core and a short-circuited wire spirally wound on the same axis with a heat-sensitive layer interposed between the heating wires and connected to a commercial power source to generate heat when energized Is sandwiched between the front fabric and the back fabric, in a surface heating device that is arranged in a meandering manner,
The heating wire and the short-circuit wire are each divided into two, one of the heating wire or the short-circuit wire is connected at both intermediate points, the other is connected at both outer ends, and each is connected in series to the commercial power source. In addition, a planar warming tool, wherein the heating wire and the short-circuit wire are connected in parallel so that directions of currents flowing in opposite directions are opposite to each other.

前記２つに分割された発熱線および短絡線はそれぞれ対をなし長さが等しく形成されてなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の面状採暖具。2. The planar warming tool according to claim 1, wherein the heating wire and the short-circuit wire divided into two are paired and formed to have the same length.

前記発熱線はそれぞれ両端間の抵抗値が等しくなるよう２つに分割されてなることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の面状採暖具。The planar heating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the heating wires is divided into two so that resistance values between both ends are equal.

前記短絡線はそれぞれ両端間の抵抗値が等しくなるよう２つに分割されてなることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の面状採暖具。The planar warmer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the short-circuit wires is divided into two so that resistance values between both ends are equal.

前記２つに分割された発熱線および短絡線の各線端部の相対向するそれぞれの線間の電位差がほぼ同等となることを特徴とする請求項１記載の面状採暖具。2. The planar warming tool according to claim 1, wherein the potential difference between the opposing lines at the end portions of the heating wire and the short-circuit wire divided into two is substantially equal.