JP3768833B2 - Thermal storage material, manufacturing method thereof, thermal storage system, thermal storage method, thermal storage tank, and heat transport medium - Google Patents
Thermal storage material, manufacturing method thereof, thermal storage system, thermal storage method, thermal storage tank, and heat transport medium Download PDFInfo
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- JP3768833B2 JP3768833B2 JP2001150064A JP2001150064A JP3768833B2 JP 3768833 B2 JP3768833 B2 JP 3768833B2 JP 2001150064 A JP2001150064 A JP 2001150064A JP 2001150064 A JP2001150064 A JP 2001150064A JP 3768833 B2 JP3768833 B2 JP 3768833B2
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- heat storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、排熱を利用した蓄熱システムに好適な蓄熱材、特に相変化に伴う潜熱を利用する蓄熱材、その製造方法、蓄熱システム、蓄熱方法、蓄熱槽および熱輸送媒体に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
分散発電設備においては、発電設備等で発生する排熱を有効に利用する手段として蓄熱システムの導入が進められている。例えば、発電設備の稼動時間帯と熱需要の時間帯が一致しない場合にも、排熱を蓄熱しておくことにより有効活用できる。このような蓄熱システムで利用される蓄熱方法としては顕熱利用型、潜熱利用型、化学的な手法等の方法があるが、その中でも潜熱利用型の蓄熱方法は相変化に伴う潜熱を利用するため蓄熱容量が大きく注目されている。
【０００３】
このような潜熱利用型の蓄熱システムで用いられる蓄熱材として、特開昭５６−８４７８４号公報及び特開昭５９−４７２８７号公報には、硝酸マグネシウムと塩化マグネシウムの混合物を用いる方法が開示されている（従来技術）。
【０００４】
これらの公報においては、蓄熱材としては２５〜４５ｗｔ％の硝酸マグネシウム、１０〜２５ｗｔ％の塩化マグネシウム及び残部は、水からなり１００ｗｔ％とする範囲が望ましいとされており、特に硝酸マグネシウム３４ｗｔ％、塩化マグネシウム１９ｗｔ％、水４７ｗｔ％の場合が最も望ましいとされている。さらに、これらの混合物には核添加剤の添加が必須の構成として記載されている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、特開昭５６−８４７８４号公報及び特開昭５９−４７２８７号公報に開示されている硝酸マグネシウムと塩化マグネシウムの混合割合の蓄熱材では、相変化温度は６０℃程度となる。一方、給湯や暖房などの熱需要に対して利用し易い蓄熱温度域は６０〜９０℃の範囲であるが、上記従来技術の蓄熱材では６０℃近傍以外の温度での潜熱蓄熱が不可能である。また発電設備の種類により排熱温度（熱源）が異なるため、最適の潜熱蓄熱温度も発電設備の種類毎に異なるものとなる。
【０００６】
従来技術の蓄熱材は、このような熱需要に最適な温度や熱源温度に適合して蓄熱温度を所望温度に設定するように相変化温度を変えることができないという問題がある。
【０００７】
本発明はこのような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、熱需要や熱源温度の条件に適合した蓄熱条件に応じて最適な相変化温度が調整可能な蓄熱材、その製造方法、蓄熱システム、蓄熱方法、蓄熱槽および熱輸送媒体を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題は次の発明により解決される。
【０００９】
請求項１記載の蓄熱材は、硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩と塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩を主体とする蓄熱材であって、塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合が硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩及び塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の合計重量の２０％以下であることに特徴を有するものである。
【００１０】
請求項２記載の蓄熱材の製造方法は、請求項１に記載の蓄熱材の製造方法であって、目標とする蓄熱材の相変化温度に応じて、硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩及び塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の合計重量に対する塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合を２０％以下の範囲で調整することに特徴を有するものである。
【００１１】
請求項３記載の潜熱利用型の蓄熱システムは、請求項１記載の蓄熱材を用いることに特徴を有するものである。
【００１２】
請求項４記載の潜熱利用型の蓄熱方法は、請求項１記載の蓄熱材を用いることに特徴を有するものである。
【００１３】
請求項５記載の静置蓄熱槽は、請求項１記載の蓄熱材を蓄熱媒体として貯蔵することに特徴を有するものである。
【００１４】
請求項６記載の熱輸送媒体は、請求項１記載の蓄熱材をマイクロカプセルに封入して液体中に分散させたことに特徴を有するものである。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態の一例を説明する。なお、以下の記載において「％」は「重量％」を意味するものとする。
【００１６】
本発明に係る蓄熱材は、硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩と塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩を主体とするものであって、塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合が硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩及び塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の合計重量の２０％以下であることを特徴とするものである。
【００１７】
硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩及び塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の合計重量（以下、「混合物重量」という。）に対する塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合を２０％以下の範囲で変化させることによって、硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩と塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩を主体とする混合物（以下、単に「混合物」という。）からなる蓄熱材の相変化温度の調整が可能となる。
【００１８】
図１は、混合物重量に対する塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合を２０％以下の範囲で変化させた場合の蓄熱材の融点及び潜熱量の変化を示した図である。ここで、蓄熱材の融点とは、蓄熱材が固相から液相へ相変化するときの相変化温度である。
【００１９】
図中、横軸の重量割合及び縦軸の潜熱量比は以下の式で定義される量である。
【００２０】
重量割合＝(塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の重量／混合物重量)×100 ［％］
潜熱量比＝混合物の潜熱量／硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩の潜熱量
【００２１】
図１に示すように、塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合を２０％以下の範囲で変化させることによって、混合物からなる蓄熱材の潜熱量比をあまり低下させることなく融点を約６０℃〜約９０℃の範囲で任意に調整することができる。これにより、熱需要や熱源温度条件に適合した蓄熱条件に応じた最適な相変化温度を有する蓄熱材の製造が可能となる。ここで、塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合がゼロ、つまり蓄熱材が硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩単体の場合の相変化温度は、硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩の融点である約９０℃となる。
【００２２】
ここで、塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合が２０％を超える場合、混合物からなる蓄熱材の融点は約６０℃まで低下してしまい、本発明の目的を達成できない。
【００２３】
本発明に係る蓄熱材は、静置蓄熱槽に貯蔵した状態で蓄熱媒体として使用しても良く、また、マイクロカプセル等に封入し液体中に分散させて熱輸送媒体として使用することもできる。
【００２４】
なお、本発明に係る硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩と塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩を主体とする混合物からなる蓄熱材には、過冷却を防止する目的で過冷却解除材としての発核材を添加しても良い。発核材を添加し過冷却温度を小さく抑えることで、エネルギーをより有効に利用できる蓄熱材が提供できる。ここで、発核材としては、通常発核材として用いられるものであれば特に制限なく使用できるが、例えばＭｇＯ、ＣｏＳＯ4、ＣｕＳＯ4、ＭｇＳＯ4、ＮｉＳＯ4、ＣａＫ2（ＳＯ4）2、Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）2、ＮａＢＯ2等が使用できる。
【００２５】
本発明に係る蓄熱材の製造方法は、目標とする蓄熱材の相変化温度に応じて、硝酸マグネシウム・６水和塩及び塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の合計重量に対する塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合を２０％以下の範囲で調整することを特徴とするものである。
【００２６】
熱需要や熱源温度条件に適合した蓄熱条件に最適な相変化温度の蓄熱材を自在に製造することができるので、蓄熱装置、排熱回収機構、熱取出し機構、温熱輸送機構などの排熱利用システムにおいて、エネルギー効率が高く、設備コスト、運転コストを低くした最適なシステムを構成することができる。
【００２７】
また、排熱利用システムの運転条件を季節によって変えたり、設備の増設、リニューアルを行う場合にも蓄熱材の相変化温度を容易に調整できるので有用である。
【００２８】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、蓄熱条件に応じて最適な相変化温度が調整可能な蓄熱材、その製造方法、蓄熱システム、蓄熱方法、蓄熱槽および熱輸送媒体が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 混合物重量に対する塩化マグネシウム・６水和塩の割合を２０％以下の範囲で変化させた場合の蓄熱材の融点及び潜熱量の変化を示した図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat storage material suitable for a heat storage system using exhaust heat, in particular, a heat storage material using latent heat accompanying phase change, a manufacturing method thereof, a heat storage system, a heat storage method, a heat storage tank, and a heat transport medium .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In distributed power generation facilities, introduction of a heat storage system is being promoted as a means for effectively using exhaust heat generated in power generation facilities and the like. For example, even when the operating time zone of the power generation equipment does not match the time zone of heat demand, it can be effectively utilized by storing the exhaust heat. The heat storage method used in such a heat storage system includes a sensible heat utilization type, a latent heat utilization type, and a chemical method. Among them, the latent heat utilization type heat storage method uses latent heat accompanying phase change. Therefore, the heat storage capacity has attracted much attention.
[0003]
JP-A-56-84784 and JP-A-59-47287 disclose a method of using a mixture of magnesium nitrate and magnesium chloride as a heat storage material used in such a latent heat utilization type heat storage system. (Prior art).
[0004]
In these publications, 25 to 45 wt% magnesium nitrate, 10 to 25 wt% magnesium chloride, and the balance of the heat storage material are preferably made of water and 100 wt%, and in particular, magnesium nitrate 34 wt%, The case of 19% by weight of magnesium chloride and 47% by weight of water is most desirable. Furthermore, the addition of a nuclear additive is described as an essential component in these mixtures.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the heat storage material having a mixing ratio of magnesium nitrate and magnesium chloride disclosed in JP-A-56-84784 and JP-A-59-47287, the phase change temperature is about 60 ° C. On the other hand, the heat storage temperature range that is easy to use for heat demand such as hot water supply and heating is in the range of 60 to 90 ° C, but the above-described conventional heat storage material cannot store latent heat at temperatures other than around 60 ° C. is there. In addition, since the exhaust heat temperature (heat source) varies depending on the type of power generation equipment, the optimum latent heat storage temperature also varies depending on the type of power generation equipment.
[0006]
The heat storage material of the prior art has a problem that the phase change temperature cannot be changed so that the heat storage temperature is set to a desired temperature in conformity with the optimum temperature or heat source temperature for such heat demand.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and a heat storage material capable of adjusting the optimum phase change temperature according to heat storage conditions suitable for the conditions of heat demand and heat source temperature, its manufacturing method, heat storage An object is to provide a system, a heat storage method, a heat storage tank, and a heat transport medium .
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above problems are solved by the following invention.
[0009]
The heat storage material according to claim 1 is a heat storage material mainly composed of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate, wherein the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate is magnesium nitrate hexahydrate. It is characterized by being 20% or less of the total weight of the salt and magnesium chloride hexahydrate.
[0010]
The method for manufacturing a heat storage material according to
[0011]
The latent heat utilization type heat storage system according to
[0012]
The latent heat utilization type heat storage method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the heat storage material according to claim 1 is used.
[0013]
The stationary heat storage tank according to
[0014]
A heat transport medium according to a sixth aspect is characterized in that the heat storage material according to the first aspect is enclosed in microcapsules and dispersed in a liquid.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, “%” means “% by weight”.
[0016]
The heat storage material according to the present invention is mainly composed of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate, and the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate is magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and The total weight of magnesium chloride hexahydrate is 20% or less.
[0017]
By changing the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate to the total weight of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate (hereinafter referred to as “mixture weight”) within a range of 20% or less, It becomes possible to adjust the phase change temperature of the heat storage material composed of a mixture mainly composed of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate (hereinafter simply referred to as “mixture”).
[0018]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in the melting point and latent heat amount of the heat storage material when the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate to the weight of the mixture is changed within a range of 20% or less. Here, the melting point of the heat storage material is a phase change temperature when the heat storage material changes phase from a solid phase to a liquid phase.
[0019]
In the figure, the weight ratio on the horizontal axis and the latent heat ratio on the vertical axis are amounts defined by the following formula.
[0020]
Weight ratio = (magnesium chloride hexahydrate weight / mixture weight) × 100 [%]
Latent heat amount ratio = latent heat amount of the mixture / latent heat amount of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate salt [0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, by changing the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate within a range of 20% or less, the melting point is reduced to about 60 ° C. to about 60 ° C. without much lowering the latent heat ratio of the heat storage material made of the mixture. It can adjust arbitrarily in the range of 90 degreeC. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a heat storage material having an optimum phase change temperature according to the heat storage condition suitable for the heat demand and the heat source temperature condition. Here, when the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate is zero, that is, when the heat storage material is magnesium nitrate hexahydrate alone, the phase change temperature is about 90 ° C., which is the melting point of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate. Become.
[0022]
Here, when the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate exceeds 20%, the melting point of the heat storage material made of the mixture decreases to about 60 ° C., and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
[0023]
The heat storage material according to the present invention may be used as a heat storage medium in a state of being stored in a stationary heat storage tank, or may be enclosed in a microcapsule or the like and dispersed in a liquid to be used as a heat transport medium.
[0024]
The heat storage material comprising a mixture mainly composed of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate according to the present invention includes a nucleating material as a supercooling release material for the purpose of preventing supercooling. It may be added. By adding a nucleating material and keeping the supercooling temperature small, a heat storage material that can use energy more effectively can be provided. Here, the nucleating material can be used without particular limitation as long as it is usually used as a nucleating material. For example, MgO, CoSO 4 , CuSO 4 , MgSO 4 , NiSO 4 , CaK 2 (SO 4 ) 2 , Mg (OH) 2 , NaBO 2 or the like can be used.
[0025]
The method for producing a heat storage material according to the present invention includes a magnesium chloride hexahydrate based on a total weight of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate according to a target phase change temperature of the heat storage material. The ratio is adjusted within a range of 20% or less.
[0026]
Since heat storage materials with the optimum phase change temperature for heat storage conditions suitable for heat demand and heat source temperature conditions can be produced freely, waste heat utilization such as heat storage devices, exhaust heat recovery mechanisms, heat extraction mechanisms, thermal transport mechanisms, etc. In the system, an optimum system with high energy efficiency and low facility cost and operation cost can be configured.
[0027]
In addition, it is useful because the phase change temperature of the heat storage material can be easily adjusted even when the operating conditions of the exhaust heat utilization system are changed according to the season, or when facilities are added or renewed.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a heat storage material capable of adjusting an optimum phase change temperature according to heat storage conditions, a manufacturing method thereof, a heat storage system, a heat storage method, a heat storage tank, and a heat transport medium are provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in melting point and latent heat amount of a heat storage material when the ratio of magnesium chloride hexahydrate to the weight of a mixture is changed within a range of 20% or less.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001150064A JP3768833B2 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2001-05-18 | Thermal storage material, manufacturing method thereof, thermal storage system, thermal storage method, thermal storage tank, and heat transport medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001150064A JP3768833B2 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2001-05-18 | Thermal storage material, manufacturing method thereof, thermal storage system, thermal storage method, thermal storage tank, and heat transport medium |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002338954A JP2002338954A (en) | 2002-11-27 |
| JP2002338954A5 JP2002338954A5 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
| JP3768833B2 true JP3768833B2 (en) | 2006-04-19 |
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| JP2001150064A Expired - Lifetime JP3768833B2 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2001-05-18 | Thermal storage material, manufacturing method thereof, thermal storage system, thermal storage method, thermal storage tank, and heat transport medium |
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| JP2005016766A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Rinnai Corp | Heat accumulating device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002338954A (en) | 2002-11-27 |
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