JP3757997B2 - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3757997B2
JP3757997B2 JP21766096A JP21766096A JP3757997B2 JP 3757997 B2 JP3757997 B2 JP 3757997B2 JP 21766096 A JP21766096 A JP 21766096A JP 21766096 A JP21766096 A JP 21766096A JP 3757997 B2 JP3757997 B2 JP 3757997B2
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image
tension
image carrier
roller
image forming
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JPH1063139A (en
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信正 阿部
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Seiko Epson Corp
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Seiko Epson Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はベルト状の感光体、または、カラー画像形成装置に用いられるベルト状の中間転写体、または、タンデム型カラー画像形成装置に用いられる記録シート搬送ベルトなどのベルト状の像担持体と、前記像担持体に当接する現像手段、または、転写手段、または、クリーニング手段などの像形成補助手段を有する画像形成装置に関する。
【0002】
さらに詳しくは、前記像担持体の張架構造と前記像形成補助手段の前記像担持体に対する当接構造に関する。
【0003】
【従来の技術】
ベルト状の像担持体を複数のローラで掛け回し、前述のような像形成補助手段を像担持体を介してローラに当接させる構造を有する画像形成装置としては種々のものが提案されている。
【0004】
例えば第1の従来技術として、特公平3−32072号公報では、ベルト状の感光体を駆動ローラと従動ローラで掛け回し、どちらか一方のローラの表面にゴム等の弾性層を形成し、この弾性層を有するローラ上に位置する感光体へトナー除去用ブレードを当接させて不要なトナーを除去する装置が提案されている。
【0005】
また第2の従来技術として、特開昭60−137167号公報には、複数のローラに掛け回されたベルト状の感光体を有し、トナー像を記録シートへ転写する転写ローラをソレノイド等で付勢して感光体を張架するローラへ当接させる構造が提案されている。
【0006】
さらに第3の従来技術として、特開昭63−292156号公報では、ベルト状の中間転写体を有するカラー画像形成装置において、複数のローラに掛け回された中間転写体のローラ部へ離接可能なトナー除去ブレードを当接させて不要なトナーを除去する装置が提案されている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前述の従来技術のように、ベルト状の感光体や中間転写体等の像担持体を複数のローラで掛け回す構造を有する画像形成装置では、ローラの数を極力少なくすることが構造を簡素化する上で極めて重要である。
【0008】
しかしながら、各ローラには像担持体への駆動力伝達、像担持体への張力印加、像担持体に当接する現像手段や転写手段、クリーニング手段などの像形成補助手段の当接安定化、像形成補助手段の離接動作に対応した像担持体の張力維持などの様々な機能を果たすことが要求され、ローラの数を削減するには個々のローラが果たす機能を複合化することが必要となる。
【0009】
ローラの数を削減し、これらの機能を複合化することは相反する作用を起こす場合が多々ある。例えば、像担持体に対して張力を印加するテンションローラと、前述のような像形成補助手段の像担持体への当接力を支えるバックアップローラを共通化した場合、予め所定の張力で張架した像担持体に像形成補助手段を当接させると張力が低下してしまい、像担持体を所望の速度で安定して駆動できなくなることがある。
【0010】
このような課題は前述の第2、第3の従来技術のように像形成補助手段である転写ローラやトナー除去ブレードなどが離接を行う場合はさらに深刻であり、画像形成中にこれらの像形成補助手段が離接を行うと像担持体の張力が変動し、像担持体の伸縮や駆動力の変動によって局所的に画像を伸縮させてしまう。
【0011】
また、このような像形成補助手段の離接に伴う局所的な画像伸縮は画像形成装置が連続的な画像形成を行わないタイミングで離接動作を行うことで回避できる場合があるが、連続的な画像形成が行えなくなるために画像形成装置の単位時間あたりのプリント枚数が低下してしまう。
【0012】
本発明は上述した課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、簡便な構造で像担持体のテンションローラと像形成補助手段の像担持体への当接力を支えるバックアップローラを共通化し、安価で小型の画像形成装置を提供することを第1の目的とし、また、像担持体に対して像形成補助手段が離接動作を伴う場合でも像担持体の張力変動が極めて小さく、連続的な画像形成が可能な高速の画像形成装置を提供することを第2の目的としている。
【0013】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の画像形成装置は、平行に配置された複数の感光体と対向しかつトナー像を担持するベルト状の像担持体と、前記ベルト状の像担持体を張架して掛け回す複数のローラと、前記像担持体を介して前記ローラの1つに当接する像形成補助手段を有するタンデム型の画像形成装置において、前記ローラの少なくとも1つを前記像担持体へ張力を付与するテンションローラとし、前記テンションローラの1つは、前記像担持体へ張力を付与する方向と平行に設けた案内溝で移動自在に支持されており、
前記テンションローラが前記案内溝の方向に沿って付勢されて前記像担持体へ張力を付与することにより前記像担持体が張架されており、前記像形成補助手段が前記像担持体を介して前記テンションローラの1つと当接しており、 前記像形成補助手段は前記像担持体を介して前記テンションローラを付勢しているとともに、前記テンションローラの付勢力は前記案内溝によって支持されて前記張力に影響しないようにされており、前記像担持体上へ記録された前記各感光体の像の書き出し位置を意味する位置合わせ用マーク像を読み取る位置センサが設けられており、更に、前記像形成補助手段が、位置センサで読み取られた前記像担持体の前記マーク像を除去するクリーニング手段であることを特徴とする。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例に基づき本発明を詳しく説明する。
【0018】
図1は本発明の画像形成装置の第1の実施例を示す装置断面図である。この第1の実施例の概略動作を図1で説明する。
【0019】
図1において、ベルト状の像担持体である感光体1は現像部ローラ2、テンションローラ3、クリーニング部ローラ4、露光部ローラ5によって回転可能に張架支持され、現像部ローラ2またはクリーニング部ローラ4によって矢印A方向に駆動される。感光体1は帯電ローラで構成された感光体1に当接する帯電手段6によって一様に接触帯電され、レーザ走査光学系等で構成された露光手段7で静電潜像が記録され、非磁性1成分トナーを有する現像手段8が圧接現像することで静電潜像がトナー像として顕像化される。トナー像は転写バネ9で付勢されて感光体1に当接する転写ローラで構成された転写手段10によって図示しない給紙手段から給送された記録シート11へ転写される。トナー像が転写された記録シート11は定着手段12で加熱加圧されながら搬送され装置外部に搬出される。
【0020】
一方、トナー像が記録シート11へ転写された感光体1はゴムブレード等で構成されたクリーニング手段13が当接して表面に残留する不要なトナーが掻き落とされる。
【0021】
なお、本例では感光体1の露光手段7と対向する位置に露光部ローラ5を配置して露光部における感光体1をバックアップすることで、露光部ローラ5を設けない場合に露光部7a付近の紙面奥行き方向に発生する皺や振動を防止しているが、感光体1が充分な剛性を有する場合には感光体1の張架構造を簡略化するという本発明の主旨に沿って省略することが可能である。
【0022】
また、同様の理由で帯電手段6とクリーニング手段13を感光体1を介してクリーニング部ローラ4へ当接させているが、それぞれの手段に対向して個別のローラを配置して構成しても良い。
【0023】
ここで、本例における像担持体である感光体1の張架構造と、本例における像形成補助手段である転写手段10の当接構造について説明する。
【0024】
図1において、現像部ローラ2、クリーニング部ローラ4、露光部ローラ5は側板14へ軸位置を固定して回転可能に保持されている。一方、テンションローラ3は、張架された感光体1の平坦部1aとほぼ平行に側板14に設けられた案内溝15に沿って軸位置が移動可能に支持され、テンションバネ16によって案内溝15と平行な矢印B方向に付勢されることで感光体1へ張力を印加している。
【0025】
これに対して、転写手段10は転写バネ9により矢印C方向に付勢され、感光体1を介してテンションローラ3と当接し、矢印Bと矢印Cの成す角度がほぼ直角となるように構成している。
【0026】
即ち、転写手段10の当接力が案内溝15で支持されるので、感光体1の張力は転写手段10の当接力の影響をほとんど受けることがなく、例えば、消耗部品である感光体1を各ローラに張架したユニット状態で交換する場合に、交換された感光体1が転写手段10と当接しても感光体1の張架状態が変化することがない。
【0027】
なお、本例では感光体1を張架するテンションローラ3に対して感光体1を介して転写手段10が当接する構成としたが、感光体1を張架するローラの配置を変更し、本例と同様の構成でローラ群に掛け回された感光体1の平坦部と略平行に付勢するテンションローラに対して帯電手段6、または、現像手段8、または、クリーニング手段13がテンションローラの付勢方向と略直角方向から感光体1を介してテンションローラ3に当接する構成としても同様の効果を得ることができる。
【0028】
また、本例では案内溝15の長手方向(矢印Bの方向)と矢印Cで示される転写手段10の付勢方向がほぼ直角となるように配置したが、必ずしも直角に限定されるものではなく、記録シート11の転写部への進入方向や定着手段12の配置などに応じて案内溝15の長手方向(矢印Bの方向)と矢印Cの方向が直角から10゜程度ずれても良い。
【0029】
次に、本発明の画像形成装置の第2の実施例を図2から図4を用いて説明する。
【0030】
図2は本発明の画像形成装置の第2の実施例を示す装置断面図であり、ベルト状の中間転写体を用いたカラー画像形成装置である。
【0031】
図2において、矢印D方向に回転する感光体17の外周には帯電手段である帯電ローラ18が配置され、感光体17に当接回転しながら感光体17の表面が一様に帯電される。
【0032】
表面が一様に帯電された感光体17は、露光手段であるレーザー走査光学系19によって第1色目として例えばイエローの画像情報に応じて選択的に走査露光され、イエロー用の静電潜像が形成される。
【0033】
静電潜像が記録された感光体17の回転方向下流側には、現像剤としてそれぞれイエロー、マゼンタ、シアン、ブラックのトナーを貯蔵し、感光体1に対して離接自在な現像手段20、21、22、23が配置され、形成されたイエロー用の静電潜像はイエロー現像手段20のみが感光体17と当接して現像することでイエローのトナー像が形成される。
【0034】
現像手段の感光体回転方向下流側には、感光体17に隣接してベルト状の中間転写体24が中間転写体駆動ローラ25、バックアップローラ26、テンションローラ27、補助ローラ28に掛け回されており、図示しない駆動源によって感光体17の周速度と同一速度で駆動されている。また、中間転写体24は感光体17と1次転写ローラ29によって挟持され、図示しない高圧電源から1次転写ローラ29へ電圧が供給されることで前述の手順で形成されたイエローのトナー像が中間転写体24の表面に転写される。
【0035】
中間転写体24へイエローのトナー像を転写した感光体17は更に矢印D方向へ回転し、クリーナーブレード等で構成された感光体クリーナ30によって感光体17の表面に残留するトナーが掻き取られ、再び画像形成が可能となる。
【0036】
同様の手順を第2色目から第4色目の画像(マゼンタ、シアン、ブラック)に対して繰り返し行うことで中間転写体24上に4色のトナー像が順次重ね合わせて記録される。
【0037】
中間転写体24へ4色のトナー像の重ね合わせが終了すると、給紙ローラ31、紙搬送ローラ対32および33によって記録シート34が給送され、これと同期して図示しないクラッチ機構とカム機構によって2次転写ローラ35が2次転写支点軸36を中心として矢印E方向に回転して中間転写体24を介してバックアップローラ26と当接し、図示しない高圧電源から電圧が2次転写ローラ35へ印加されることで中間転写体24上の4色のトナー像が記録シート34へ転写される。2次転写を終えた中間転写体24にはクリーナーブレード等で構成された中間転写体クリーナ37が図示しないクラッチ機構とカム機構によって矢印F方向へ回動して当接し、中間転写体24の表面に残留したトナーが掻き取られ、掻き取りが終了すると転写体クリーナ37は矢印Fとは逆方向に回動して退避する。
【0038】
4色のトナー像が転写された記録シート34は、ハロゲンランプ等の加熱手段を内蔵したヒートローラを有する定着手段38で加熱加圧しながら挟持搬送されてトナー像が定着される。トナー像が定着された記録シート34は排紙ローラ対39および40によって装置外部へと排出され、カラー画像記録が完了する。
【0039】
ここで、本例における像担持体である中間転写体24の張架構造と、本例における像形成補助手段である中間転写体クリーナ37の当接構造について図3および図4を用いて説明する。
【0040】
図3は本発明の第2の実施例における中間転写体24の張架構造を示す部分断面図である。図3において、バックアップローラ26と本図に図示しない中間転写体駆動ローラ25および補助ローラ28は側板41へ軸位置を固定して回動可能に保持されている。一方、テンションローラ27は張架された中間転写体24の平坦部24aとほぼ平行に側板41に設けられた案内溝42に沿って軸位置が移動可能に支持され、加圧支点軸43を中心として回動可能な加圧レバー44とテンションバネ45によって案内溝42と平行な矢印G方向に付勢されることで中間転写体24へ張力を印加している。この張架構造は中間転写体24の両側面に設けられており、各側面の加圧レバー44に設けた複数のテンションバネ掛け44aのいずれかにテンションバネ45を掛けることで中間転写体24に印加する張力の絶対値とバランスが調整可能な構造となっており、中間転写体24の駆動時の蛇行を防止している。
【0041】
また、図4は本発明の第2の実施例における中間転写体クリーナ37の当接構造を示す部分断面図である。図4において、クリーナーカム46が図示しないクラッチ機構によって回動するとクリーナバネ47の付勢力で中間転写体クリーナは矢印F方向に回動し、クリーナーブレードが矢印H方向に付勢されながら中間転写体24を介してテンションローラ27へ当接する。このとき、矢印Hの方向が前述のテンションローラ27の中間転写体24の付勢方向である矢印Gと略直角方向となるように配置してある。なお、中間転写体クリーナ37の離接動作の回動中心は中間転写体クリーナ37の内部に回収された廃トナーを回転しながら紙面奥行き方向に搬送する搬出スクリュー48の回転中心と同一とすることで、中間転写体クリーナ37の離接揺動動作によって転写体クリーナ37と廃トナーが回収される図示しない廃トナーボトルとの結合部分が受ける運動が単純な回転運動となるので廃トナー漏れ防止構造を単純化することができる。
【0042】
さて、図3および図4の説明からわかるように、テンションローラ27を支持する案内溝の長手方向(矢印Hの方向)が中間転写体の張力付勢方向Gとほぼ直角であり、中間転写体クリーナ37の当接力のほとんどは案内溝42で支持されるので、中間転写体24の張力は中間転写体クリーナ37の離接動作の影響をほとんど受けることがない。従って、テンションローラ27のみで中間転写体24への張力印加と中間転写体クリーナ37の当接力保持ができるので、中間転写体24の張架駆動構造を簡略化することができる。さらに、例えば記録シート34への2次転写が行われている時に中間転写体クリーナ37の当接が行われても中間転写体24の張力が大きく変動せず、局所的な画像の伸縮が起こらない。また、2次転写が行われている時に中間転写体クリーナ37を当接させることができるので、クリーニング後の中間転写体に対して即座に次の画像の第1色目の転写を開始することができるので、画像形成装置の単位時間あたりのプリント枚数を低下させることがない。
【0043】
なお、本例ではテンションローラ27に対して像担持体である中間転写体24を介して像形成補助手段である中間転写体クリーナ37が離接する構成としたが、中間転写体24を張架するローラの配置を変更し、本例と同様の構成でローラ群に掛け回された中間転写体24の平坦部と略平行に案内溝を設け、この案内溝に沿ってテンションローラを付勢することで中間転写体24へ張力を印加する構成とし、このテンションローラの案内溝に対して、2次転写ローラ35のような転写手段が略直角方向から中間転写体24を介してテンションローラ27と離接する構成としても同様の効果を得ることができる。
【0044】
次に、本発明の画像形成装置の第3の実施例を図5を用いて説明する。
【0045】
図5は本発明の画像形成装置の第3の実施例を示す装置断面図であり、一般にタンデム型と称されるカラー画像形成装置である。
【0046】
図5において、平行に配置された感光体49a、49b、49c,49dの周囲にはそれぞれ感光体の表面を一様に帯電させる帯電手段である帯電ローラ50a、50b、50c、50dと、それぞれの感光体表面を露光する露光手段であるレーザー走査光学系51a、51b、51c、51dと、それぞれイエロー、マゼンタ、シアン、ブラックのトナーを貯蔵し、それぞれの感光体へ露光手段で書き込まれた静電潜像を現像する現像手段52a、52b、52c、52dと、図示しない給紙手段から給送され、記録シート搬送ベルト53で搬送される記録シート54へトナー像を転写する転写手段である転写チャージャ55a、55b、55c、55dと、記録シート54へトナー像を転写した後の各感光体表面の残留トナーをクリーニングするゴムブレード等で構成された感光体クリーナ56a、56b、56c、56dが配置されている。
【0047】
各感光体への各色のトナー像形成は記録シート搬送ベルト53による記録シート54の搬送と同期して行われ、4色のトナー像が転写された記録シート54は定着手段57で加熱加圧されて装置外部に搬出される。
【0048】
ここで、本例における記録シート搬送ベルト53の張架構造と、記録シート搬送ベルト53の記録シート54の搬送以外の機能について述べる。
【0049】
図5において、記録シート搬送ベルト53はベルト搬送ローラ58および59とテンションローラ60で張架され、ベルト搬送ローラ58または59によって駆動される。ベルト搬送ローラ58および59は側板61へ軸位置を固定して回転可能に保持され、テンションローラ60は張架された記録シート搬送ベルト53の平坦部53aとほぼ平行に側板61に設けられた案内溝62に沿って軸位置が移動可能に支持され、テンションバネ63によって案内溝62と平行な矢印I方向に付勢されることで記録シート搬送ベルト53へ張力を印加している。
【0050】
本例のようなタンデム型カラー画像形成装置においては各感光体49a、49b、49c、49dで形成される各色のトナー像を記録シート54上にズレを生じることなく重ね合わせることが良好な画像を得る上で極めて重要であり、記録シート54への画像形成を行う前に、予め、記録シート搬送ベルト53上へ各色の書き出し位置を意味するマークをトナー像として記録し、このマークの位置間隔を反射型フォトセンサ等で構成した図5のトナー像位置センサ64で読み取ることで各感光体に対するレーザー走査光学系51a、51b、51c、51dの走査露光開始タイミングを調整する方法が取られている。このように、記録シート搬送ベルト53は単に記録シート54を搬送するだけでなく、各色マーク像を担持する像担持体としの機能も有するものである。
【0051】
このような目的で記録シート搬送ベルト53上に担持されたマーク像は、その位置がトナー像位置センサ64で読み取られた後は不要となるので、図5に示す如くゴムブレード等で構成された搬送ベルトクリーニング手段65が、前述の案内溝62の長手方向(矢印Iの方向)とほぼ直角の矢印J方向から図示しない移動機構によって付勢され、記録シート搬送ベルト53を介してテンションローラ60と当接してマーク像が除去される。マーク像の除去が完了すると、搬送ベルトクリーニング手段65は図示しない移動機構によって矢印Jとは逆方向に移動して記録シート搬送ベルト53と離間する。
【0052】
ここで、搬送ベルトクリーニング手段65は前述の第1および第2の実施例と同様にテンションローラ60の付勢方向Iと平行に設けた案内溝62に対して略直角方向から当接するので、記録シート搬送ベルト53の張力は搬送ベルトクリーニング手段65の離接動作の影響をほとんど受けることがない。従って、テンションローラ27のみで像担持体である記録シート搬送ベルト53への張力印加と像形成補助手段である搬送ベルトクリーニング手段65の当接力保持ができるので、記録シート搬送ベルト53の張架駆動構造を簡略化することができる。さらに、例えば搬送ベルトクリーニング手段65が記録シート搬送ベルトに対する離接動作を行っている時でも感光体49a、49b、49c、49dのいずれかで形成されたトナー像を転写チャージャ55a、55b、55c、55dによって記録シート54上に転写をしても記録シート搬送ベルト53の張力が変動しないので、局所的な画像の伸縮が起こらない。また、搬送ベルトクリーニング手段65の離接動作に関係なく画像形成を行うことができるので、画像形成装置の単位時間あたりのプリント枚数を低下させることがない。
【0053】
以上述べたように、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、ベルト状の像担持体へ張力を印加するテンションローラに対して像形成補助手段がベルト状の像担持体を介して当接してもベルト状の像担持体の張力が変動しない。したがって、テンションローラとベルト状の像担持体を介して像形成補助手段の当接をバックアップするローラを共通化することができる。これにより、ベルト状の像担持体を張架するローラの数を低減することができ、装置を安価で小型にすることが可能である。
【0054】
さらに、請求項1の構成により、タンデム型カラー画像形成装置において、ベルト状の像担持体上に転写された位置合わせ用マーク像を位置センサで読み取ることで、各感光体で形成される各色のトナー像を像担持体上にズレを生じることなく重ね合わせることができ、良好な画像を得ることが可能となる。このとき、テンションローラに対して像形成補助手段がベルト状の像担持体を介して当接してもこの像担持体の張力が変動しないことから、ベルト状の像担持体上の位置合わせ用マーク像がこの像担持体の張力の変動を受けることはない。
【0055】
さらに、タンデム型カラー画像形成装置において、ベルト状の像担持体上に転写された位置合わせ用マーク像のクリーニングを行うクリーニング手段の離接動作がいずれかの感光体からベルト状の像担持体への転写中に行われても、像担持体の張力変動を最小限に抑えることができるので、画像形成装置の単位時間あたりのプリント枚数を低下させず、高速な画像形成を行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の画像形成装置の第1の実施例を示す装置断面図である。
【図2】本発明の画像形成装置の第2の実施例を示す装置断面図である。
【図3】本発明の第2の実施例における中間転写体24の張架構造を示す部分断面図である。
【図4】本発明の第2の実施例における中間転写体クリーナ37の当接構造を示す部分断面図である。
【図5】本発明の画像形成装置の第3の実施例を示す装置断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1…感光体(像担持体)
1a…感光体1の平坦部
2…現像部ローラ
3…テンションローラ
4…クリーニング部ローラ
5…露光部ローラ
8…現像手段
10…転写手段
13…クリーニング手段
15…案内溝
24…中間転写体
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a belt-shaped image bearing member such as a belt-shaped photosensitive member, a belt-shaped intermediate transfer member used in a color image forming apparatus, or a recording sheet conveying belt used in a tandem type color image forming apparatus; The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus having an image forming auxiliary unit such as a developing unit, a transfer unit, or a cleaning unit that is in contact with the image carrier.
[0002]
More specifically, the present invention relates to a tension structure of the image carrier and a contact structure of the image forming auxiliary means to the image carrier.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Various types of image forming apparatuses having a structure in which a belt-like image bearing member is wound around a plurality of rollers and the above-described image forming auxiliary means is brought into contact with the roller via the image bearing member have been proposed. .
[0004]
For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-32072 as a first prior art, a belt-like photosensitive member is wound around a driving roller and a driven roller, and an elastic layer such as rubber is formed on the surface of one of the rollers. There has been proposed an apparatus for removing unnecessary toner by bringing a toner removing blade into contact with a photosensitive member located on a roller having an elastic layer.
[0005]
As a second prior art, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-137167 discloses a belt-like photosensitive member wound around a plurality of rollers, and a transfer roller for transferring a toner image to a recording sheet by a solenoid or the like. A structure has been proposed in which the photosensitive member is abutted against a roller that stretches the photosensitive member.
[0006]
Furthermore, as a third prior art, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-292156 discloses that a color image forming apparatus having a belt-like intermediate transfer member can be separated from and contacted with a roller portion of an intermediate transfer member wound around a plurality of rollers. There has been proposed an apparatus that removes unnecessary toner by bringing a simple toner removal blade into contact therewith.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the image forming apparatus having a structure in which an image carrier such as a belt-shaped photosensitive member or an intermediate transfer member is wound around a plurality of rollers as in the above-described conventional technology, the structure is simplified by reducing the number of rollers as much as possible. It is extremely important to do.
[0008]
However, for each roller, transmission of driving force to the image carrier, application of tension to the image carrier, contact and stabilization of image forming auxiliary means such as developing means, transfer means, and cleaning means that contact the image carrier, It is required to perform various functions such as maintaining the tension of the image carrier corresponding to the separation / contact operation of the forming auxiliary means, and in order to reduce the number of rollers, it is necessary to combine the functions performed by the individual rollers. Become.
[0009]
Reducing the number of rollers and combining these functions often have conflicting effects. For example, when a tension roller that applies tension to the image carrier and a backup roller that supports the contact force of the image forming auxiliary means to the image carrier as described above are shared, the tension roller is stretched in advance with a predetermined tension. When the image forming auxiliary means is brought into contact with the image carrier, the tension decreases, and the image carrier may not be driven stably at a desired speed.
[0010]
Such a problem is more serious when a transfer roller or a toner removal blade, which is an image forming auxiliary means, separates and contacts as in the second and third prior arts described above, and these images are formed during image formation. When the formation assisting means separates and contacts, the tension of the image carrier changes, and the image is locally expanded and contracted by the expansion and contraction of the image carrier and the fluctuation of the driving force.
[0011]
In addition, such local image expansion / contraction caused by the separation / contact of the image forming auxiliary means may be avoided by performing the separation / contact operation at a timing when the image forming apparatus does not perform continuous image formation. Therefore, the number of prints per unit time of the image forming apparatus decreases.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has a simple structure and a common backup roller for supporting the contact force between the tension roller of the image carrier and the image forming auxiliary means on the image carrier. The first object is to provide an image forming apparatus, and even when the image forming auxiliary means is in contact with the image carrier, the tension fluctuation of the image carrier is extremely small, and continuous image formation is possible. A second object is to provide a possible high-speed image forming apparatus.
[0013]
In order to achieve the above object, an image forming apparatus of the present invention comprises a belt-like image carrier that supports a plurality of photoconductors arranged in parallel and carries a toner image, and the belt-like image carrier. In a tandem type image forming apparatus having a plurality of rollers that are stretched around and an image forming auxiliary means that abuts on one of the rollers via the image carrier, at least one of the rollers carries the image carrier A tension roller that applies tension to the body, and one of the tension rollers is movably supported by a guide groove that is provided in parallel with the direction of applying tension to the image carrier,
The image bearing member is stretched by the tension roller being urged along the direction of the guide groove to apply tension to the image bearing member, and the image forming auxiliary means is interposed via the image bearing member. The image forming auxiliary means urges the tension roller via the image carrier, and the urging force of the tension roller is supported by the guide groove. There is provided a position sensor that is not affected by the tension, and that reads a mark image for alignment, which means a writing position of an image of each photoconductor recorded on the image carrier, The image forming auxiliary means is a cleaning means for removing the mark image of the image carrier read by the position sensor.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.
[0018]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The schematic operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
[0019]
In FIG. 1, a photosensitive member 1 which is a belt-shaped image carrier is rotatably supported by a developing unit roller 2, a tension roller 3, a cleaning unit roller 4 and an exposure unit roller 5, and the developing unit roller 2 or the cleaning unit. Driven in the direction of arrow A by the roller 4. The photosensitive member 1 is uniformly contact-charged by a charging unit 6 that is in contact with the photosensitive member 1 constituted by a charging roller, and an electrostatic latent image is recorded by an exposure unit 7 constituted by a laser scanning optical system or the like. The electrostatic latent image is visualized as a toner image by the pressure developing by the developing means 8 having one component toner. The toner image is transferred to a recording sheet 11 fed from a paper feeding means (not shown) by a transfer means 10 composed of a transfer roller that is urged by a transfer spring 9 and abuts against the photoreceptor 1. The recording sheet 11 to which the toner image has been transferred is conveyed while being heated and pressurized by the fixing means 12 and is carried out of the apparatus.
[0020]
On the other hand, the photosensitive member 1 having the toner image transferred to the recording sheet 11 is brought into contact with the cleaning means 13 constituted by a rubber blade or the like, and unnecessary toner remaining on the surface is scraped off.
[0021]
In this example, the exposure unit roller 5 is disposed at a position facing the exposure unit 7 of the photosensitive member 1 to back up the photosensitive member 1 in the exposure unit, so that the vicinity of the exposure unit 7a when the exposure unit roller 5 is not provided. However, when the photosensitive member 1 has sufficient rigidity, it is omitted in accordance with the gist of the present invention that simplifies the stretched structure of the photosensitive member 1. It is possible.
[0022]
For the same reason, the charging unit 6 and the cleaning unit 13 are brought into contact with the cleaning unit roller 4 via the photosensitive member 1. However, individual rollers may be arranged to face the respective units. good.
[0023]
Here, the tension structure of the photosensitive member 1 that is the image carrier in this example and the contact structure of the transfer means 10 that is the image forming auxiliary means in this example will be described.
[0024]
In FIG. 1, the developing unit roller 2, the cleaning unit roller 4, and the exposure unit roller 5 are rotatably held with their axial positions fixed to the side plate 14. On the other hand, the tension roller 3 is supported so that its axial position is movable along a guide groove 15 provided in the side plate 14 substantially parallel to the flat portion 1 a of the stretched photoreceptor 1, and the guide groove 15 is supported by a tension spring 16. Tension is applied to the photoreceptor 1 by being urged in the direction of arrow B parallel to the.
[0025]
On the other hand, the transfer means 10 is urged in the direction of arrow C by the transfer spring 9, contacts the tension roller 3 via the photosensitive member 1, and the angle formed by the arrows B and C is substantially perpendicular. is doing.
[0026]
That is, since the contact force of the transfer unit 10 is supported by the guide groove 15, the tension of the photosensitive member 1 is hardly affected by the contact force of the transfer unit 10. When the replacement is performed in a unit state stretched around the roller, the stretched state of the photosensitive member 1 does not change even if the replaced photosensitive member 1 comes into contact with the transfer means 10.
[0027]
In this example, the transfer means 10 is in contact with the tension roller 3 that stretches the photoconductor 1 via the photoconductor 1, but the arrangement of the rollers that stretch the photoconductor 1 is changed, The charging unit 6, the developing unit 8, or the cleaning unit 13 is the tension roller for the tension roller that is biased substantially parallel to the flat portion of the photoreceptor 1 that is wound around the roller group in the same configuration as the example. The same effect can be obtained by a configuration in which the tension roller 3 is brought into contact with the tension roller 3 through the photosensitive member 1 from a direction substantially perpendicular to the biasing direction.
[0028]
In this example, the longitudinal direction of the guide groove 15 (the direction of the arrow B) and the urging direction of the transfer means 10 indicated by the arrow C are arranged so as to be substantially a right angle, but it is not necessarily limited to a right angle. The longitudinal direction of the guide groove 15 (in the direction of the arrow B) and the direction of the arrow C may be deviated from a right angle by about 10 ° in accordance with the direction in which the recording sheet 11 enters the transfer portion, the arrangement of the fixing means 12, and the like.
[0029]
Next, a second embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0030]
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an image forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a color image forming apparatus using a belt-like intermediate transfer member.
[0031]
In FIG. 2, a charging roller 18 as a charging unit is disposed on the outer periphery of the photoconductor 17 rotating in the direction of arrow D, and the surface of the photoconductor 17 is uniformly charged while abutting and rotating on the photoconductor 17.
[0032]
The photoreceptor 17 whose surface is uniformly charged is selectively scanned and exposed as a first color according to, for example, yellow image information by a laser scanning optical system 19 which is an exposure unit, and an electrostatic latent image for yellow is formed. It is formed.
[0033]
On the downstream side in the rotation direction of the photosensitive member 17 on which the electrostatic latent image is recorded, yellow, magenta, cyan, and black toners are stored as developers, respectively, and developing means 20 that is detachable from the photosensitive member 1; 21, 22, and 23 are arranged, and the formed yellow electrostatic latent image is developed by contacting only the yellow developing unit 20 with the photosensitive member 17, thereby forming a yellow toner image.
[0034]
A belt-like intermediate transfer member 24 adjacent to the photosensitive member 17 is wound around an intermediate transfer member driving roller 25, a backup roller 26, a tension roller 27, and an auxiliary roller 28 on the downstream side of the developing member in the rotation direction of the photosensitive member. It is driven at the same speed as the peripheral speed of the photoreceptor 17 by a drive source (not shown). The intermediate transfer member 24 is sandwiched between the photosensitive member 17 and the primary transfer roller 29, and a voltage is supplied from a high voltage power source (not shown) to the primary transfer roller 29, so that the yellow toner image formed in the above-described procedure is formed. Transferred to the surface of the intermediate transfer member 24.
[0035]
The photosensitive member 17 having transferred the yellow toner image to the intermediate transfer member 24 further rotates in the direction of arrow D, and the toner remaining on the surface of the photosensitive member 17 is scraped off by the photosensitive member cleaner 30 constituted by a cleaner blade or the like. Image formation becomes possible again.
[0036]
By repeating the same procedure for the second to fourth color images (magenta, cyan, and black), four color toner images are sequentially superimposed and recorded on the intermediate transfer member 24.
[0037]
When the four color toner images are superimposed on the intermediate transfer member 24, the recording sheet 34 is fed by the paper feed roller 31 and the paper transport roller pairs 32 and 33, and a clutch mechanism and a cam mechanism (not shown) are synchronized with this. As a result, the secondary transfer roller 35 rotates in the direction of arrow E around the secondary transfer fulcrum shaft 36 and comes into contact with the backup roller 26 via the intermediate transfer member 24, and a voltage is supplied from a high voltage power source (not shown) to the secondary transfer roller 35. By being applied, the four color toner images on the intermediate transfer member 24 are transferred to the recording sheet 34. An intermediate transfer body cleaner 37 composed of a cleaner blade or the like is rotated and abutted in the direction of arrow F by a clutch mechanism (not shown) and a cam mechanism to the intermediate transfer body 24 after the secondary transfer, and the surface of the intermediate transfer body 24 The toner remaining on the toner is scraped off, and when the scraping is completed, the transfer body cleaner 37 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow F and retracts.
[0038]
The recording sheet 34 onto which the four color toner images have been transferred is nipped and conveyed while being heated and pressurized by a fixing means 38 having a heat roller incorporating a heating means such as a halogen lamp to fix the toner image. The recording sheet 34 on which the toner image is fixed is discharged to the outside of the apparatus by a pair of discharge rollers 39 and 40, and the color image recording is completed.
[0039]
Here, the tension structure of the intermediate transfer member 24 which is an image carrier in this example and the contact structure of the intermediate transfer member cleaner 37 which is an image forming auxiliary means in this example will be described with reference to FIGS. .
[0040]
FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view showing a stretched structure of the intermediate transfer member 24 in the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the backup roller 26, the intermediate transfer member driving roller 25 and the auxiliary roller 28 not shown in the drawing are fixed to the side plate 41 so as to be rotatable. On the other hand, the tension roller 27 is supported so that its axial position is movable along a guide groove 42 provided in the side plate 41 so as to be substantially parallel to the flat portion 24 a of the stretched intermediate transfer member 24, and the pressure roller 43 is centered. As a result, a tension is applied to the intermediate transfer member 24 by being urged by a rotatable pressure lever 44 and a tension spring 45 in the direction of arrow G parallel to the guide groove 42. This tension structure is provided on both side surfaces of the intermediate transfer member 24, and the tension spring 45 is applied to any one of a plurality of tension spring hooks 44a provided on the pressure levers 44 on each side surface to thereby attach the intermediate transfer member 24 to the intermediate transfer member 24. The structure is such that the absolute value and balance of the applied tension can be adjusted, thereby preventing meandering when the intermediate transfer member 24 is driven.
[0041]
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the contact structure of the intermediate transfer body cleaner 37 in the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, when the cleaner cam 46 is rotated by a clutch mechanism (not shown), the intermediate transfer member cleaner is rotated in the direction of arrow F by the biasing force of the cleaner spring 47, and the cleaner blade is biased in the direction of arrow H while the intermediate transfer member 24 is biased. Through the tension roller 27. At this time, the direction of the arrow H is arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the arrow G which is the biasing direction of the intermediate transfer member 24 of the tension roller 27 described above. The rotation center of the separating operation of the intermediate transfer body cleaner 37 is the same as the rotation center of the carry-out screw 48 that conveys the waste toner collected inside the intermediate transfer body cleaner 37 in the depth direction of the paper. Thus, since the movement received by the coupling portion between the transfer body cleaner 37 and the waste toner bottle (not shown) where the waste toner is collected by the separating and swinging operation of the intermediate transfer body cleaner 37 is a simple rotational movement, the waste toner leakage prevention structure Can be simplified.
[0042]
3 and 4, the longitudinal direction of the guide groove that supports the tension roller 27 (the direction of the arrow H) is substantially perpendicular to the tension biasing direction G of the intermediate transfer member. Since most of the contact force of the cleaner 37 is supported by the guide groove 42, the tension of the intermediate transfer member 24 is hardly affected by the separation / contact operation of the intermediate transfer member cleaner 37. Accordingly, since the tension can be applied to the intermediate transfer member 24 and the contact force of the intermediate transfer member cleaner 37 can be maintained only by the tension roller 27, the tension drive structure of the intermediate transfer member 24 can be simplified. Further, for example, even when the intermediate transfer body cleaner 37 is brought into contact with the recording sheet 34 during the secondary transfer, the tension of the intermediate transfer body 24 does not vary greatly, and local image expansion and contraction occurs. Absent. Further, since the intermediate transfer member cleaner 37 can be brought into contact with the intermediate transfer member during the secondary transfer, the transfer of the first color of the next image can be immediately started with respect to the cleaned intermediate transfer member. Therefore, the number of prints per unit time of the image forming apparatus is not reduced.
[0043]
In this example, the intermediate transfer member cleaner 37 as an image forming auxiliary means is separated from and in contact with the tension roller 27 via the intermediate transfer member 24 as an image carrier. However, the intermediate transfer member 24 is stretched. The arrangement of the rollers is changed, and a guide groove is provided substantially in parallel with the flat portion of the intermediate transfer member 24 wound around the roller group with the same configuration as in this example, and the tension roller is urged along the guide groove. In this configuration, tension is applied to the intermediate transfer member 24, and a transfer means such as the secondary transfer roller 35 is separated from the tension roller 27 via the intermediate transfer member 24 from a substantially right angle direction with respect to the guide groove of the tension roller. The same effect can be obtained as a configuration in contact.
[0044]
Next, a third embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0045]
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an image forming apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is a color image forming apparatus generally called a tandem type.
[0046]
In FIG. 5, charging rollers 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d, which are charging means for uniformly charging the surfaces of the photosensitive members, are arranged around the photosensitive members 49a, 49b, 49c, and 49d arranged in parallel. Laser scanning optical systems 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d, which are exposure means for exposing the surface of the photoreceptor, and yellow, magenta, cyan, and black toners, respectively, are stored, and electrostatic data written on the respective photoreceptors by the exposure means is stored. Development means 52 a, 52 b, 52 c, 52 d for developing the latent image, and a transfer charger that is a transfer means for transferring the toner image to the recording sheet 54 fed from a paper feeding means (not shown) and conveyed by the recording sheet conveyance belt 53. 55a, 55b, 55c, 55d and residual toner on the surface of each photoconductor after the toner image is transferred to the recording sheet 54 are cleaned. Photoconductor cleaner 56a made of a rubber blade or the like to be grayed, 56b, 56c, 56d are arranged.
[0047]
Each color toner image is formed on each photoconductor in synchronization with the conveyance of the recording sheet 54 by the recording sheet conveying belt 53, and the recording sheet 54 to which the four color toner images are transferred is heated and pressurized by the fixing means 57. Are taken out of the device.
[0048]
Here, the stretched structure of the recording sheet conveyance belt 53 in this example and functions other than conveyance of the recording sheet 54 of the recording sheet conveyance belt 53 will be described.
[0049]
In FIG. 5, the recording sheet conveyance belt 53 is stretched by belt conveyance rollers 58 and 59 and a tension roller 60 and driven by the belt conveyance rollers 58 or 59. The belt conveyance rollers 58 and 59 are rotatably held with the axial position fixed to the side plate 61, and the tension roller 60 is a guide provided on the side plate 61 substantially parallel to the flat portion 53a of the stretched recording sheet conveyance belt 53. An axial position is supported so as to be movable along the groove 62, and tension is applied to the recording sheet conveying belt 53 by being urged by a tension spring 63 in the direction of arrow I parallel to the guide groove 62.
[0050]
In the tandem type color image forming apparatus as in this example, an image that is excellent in superimposing the toner images of the respective colors formed by the photoconductors 49a, 49b, 49c, and 49d on the recording sheet 54 without causing a shift. Before forming an image on the recording sheet 54, a mark indicating the writing position of each color is recorded as a toner image on the recording sheet conveying belt 53 in advance, and the interval between the positions of the marks is determined. A method of adjusting the scanning exposure start timing of the laser scanning optical systems 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d for each photosensitive member by reading with the toner image position sensor 64 of FIG. As described above, the recording sheet conveyance belt 53 not only simply conveys the recording sheet 54 but also has a function as an image carrier for carrying each color mark image.
[0051]
The mark image carried on the recording sheet conveying belt 53 for such a purpose becomes unnecessary after the position is read by the toner image position sensor 64, and thus is constituted by a rubber blade or the like as shown in FIG. The conveying belt cleaning means 65 is urged by a moving mechanism (not shown) from the direction of the arrow J, which is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the guide groove 62 (the direction of the arrow I), and the tension roller 60 via the recording sheet conveying belt 53. The mark image is removed by contact. When the removal of the mark image is completed, the conveying belt cleaning unit 65 is moved away from the recording sheet conveying belt 53 by moving in a direction opposite to the arrow J by a moving mechanism (not shown).
[0052]
Here, the conveying belt cleaning means 65 contacts the guide groove 62 provided in parallel with the urging direction I of the tension roller 60 from a substantially perpendicular direction as in the first and second embodiments described above. The tension of the sheet conveying belt 53 is hardly affected by the separating operation of the conveying belt cleaning unit 65. Therefore, the tension roller 27 alone can apply tension to the recording sheet conveying belt 53 as an image carrier and hold the contact force of the conveying belt cleaning means 65 as image forming auxiliary means. The structure can be simplified. Further, for example, even when the conveying belt cleaning unit 65 is performing the contact / separation operation with respect to the recording sheet conveying belt, the toner image formed by any one of the photoreceptors 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d is transferred to the transfer chargers 55a, 55b, 55c, Even if the image is transferred onto the recording sheet 54 by 55d, the tension of the recording sheet conveyance belt 53 does not fluctuate, so that local image expansion and contraction does not occur. Further, since image formation can be performed regardless of the separation / contact operation of the conveyor belt cleaning unit 65, the number of prints per unit time of the image forming apparatus is not reduced.
[0053]
As described above, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, even if the image forming auxiliary means abuts against the tension roller that applies tension to the belt-like image carrier through the belt-like image carrier. The tension of the belt-like image carrier does not fluctuate. Therefore, a roller that backs up the contact of the image forming auxiliary means via the tension roller and the belt-like image carrier can be shared. Thereby, the number of rollers for stretching the belt-like image carrier can be reduced, and the apparatus can be made inexpensive and small.
[0054]
Furthermore, according to the configuration of claim 1, in the tandem type color image forming apparatus, the alignment mark image transferred onto the belt-shaped image carrier is read by a position sensor, whereby each color formed on each photoconductor. The toner images can be superimposed on the image carrier without causing a deviation, and a good image can be obtained. At this time, even if the image forming auxiliary means abuts against the tension roller via the belt-shaped image carrier, the tension of the image carrier does not fluctuate. The image is not subject to variations in the tension of the image carrier.
[0055]
Further, in the tandem type color image forming apparatus, the separating operation of the cleaning means for cleaning the alignment mark image transferred onto the belt-like image carrier is performed from any one of the photosensitive members to the belt-like image carrier. Even during the transfer of the image, since the fluctuation in the tension of the image carrier can be minimized, high-speed image formation can be performed without reducing the number of prints per unit time of the image forming apparatus.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a stretched structure of an intermediate transfer member 24 in a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a contact structure of an intermediate transfer member cleaner 37 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Photoconductor (image carrier)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a ... Flat part 2 of photoconductor 1 ... Development part roller 3 ... Tension roller 4 ... Cleaning part roller 5 ... Exposure part roller 8 ... Development means 10 ... Transfer means 13 ... Cleaning means 15 ... Guide groove 24 ... Intermediate transfer body

Claims (1)

平行に配置された複数の感光体と対向しかつトナー像を担持するベルト状の像担持体と、前記ベルト状の像担持体を張架して掛け回す複数のローラと、前記像担持体を介して前記ローラの1つに当接する像形成補助手段を有するタンデム型の画像形成装置において、
前記ローラの少なくとも1つを前記像担持体へ張力を付与するテンションローラとし、前記テンションローラの1つは、前記像担持体へ張力を付与する方向と平行に設けた案内溝で移動自在に支持されており、
前記テンションローラが前記案内溝の方向に沿って付勢されて前記像担持体へ張力を付与することにより前記像担持体が張架されており、
前記像形成補助手段が前記像担持体を介して前記テンションローラの1つと当接しており、
前記像形成補助手段は前記像担持体を介して前記テンションローラを付勢しているとともに、前記テンションローラの付勢力は前記案内溝によって支持されて前記張力に影響しないようにされており、
前記像担持体上へ記録された前記各感光体の像の書き出し位置を意味する位置合わせ用マーク像を読み取る位置センサが設けられており、
更に、前記像形成補助手段が、位置センサで読み取られた前記像担持体の前記マーク像を除去するクリーニング手段であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
A belt-like image carrier that bears a plurality of photoconductors arranged in parallel and carries a toner image, a plurality of rollers that stretch around the belt-like image carrier, and the image carrier. A tandem type image forming apparatus having an image forming auxiliary means abutting against one of the rollers via
At least one of the rollers is a tension roller that applies tension to the image carrier, and one of the tension rollers is movably supported by a guide groove that is provided in parallel with the direction of applying tension to the image carrier. Has been
The image carrier is stretched by the tension roller being urged along the direction of the guide groove to apply tension to the image carrier,
And one contact of the tension roller the image forming auxiliary means through the front Kizo carrier,
The image forming auxiliary means urges the tension roller via the image carrier, and the urging force of the tension roller is supported by the guide groove so as not to affect the tension.
A position sensor is provided for reading a mark image for alignment, which means a writing start position of the image of each photoconductor recorded on the image carrier;
Further, the image forming auxiliary means is a cleaning means for removing the mark image of the image carrier read by a position sensor.
JP21766096A 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 Image forming apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP3757997B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21766096A JP3757997B2 (en) 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 Image forming apparatus

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JP3757997B2 true JP3757997B2 (en) 2006-03-22

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006064753A (en) * 2004-08-24 2006-03-09 Seiko Epson Corp Image forming apparatus and image forming method
JP2009036959A (en) 2007-08-01 2009-02-19 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Belt conveyer and image forming apparatus

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