JP3743743B2 - Solar cell - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3743743B2
JP3743743B2 JP06134499A JP6134499A JP3743743B2 JP 3743743 B2 JP3743743 B2 JP 3743743B2 JP 06134499 A JP06134499 A JP 06134499A JP 6134499 A JP6134499 A JP 6134499A JP 3743743 B2 JP3743743 B2 JP 3743743B2
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electrode
solar cell
unit
external electrode
current collecting
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JP2000261012A (en
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吉竜 川間
浩昭 森川
隆 石原
章裕 黒田
眞司 中本
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、太陽電池の構造に関し、特に、受光表面に形成された電極構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図１１は、例えば、シャープ株式会社製の住宅用太陽光発電システム等に広く用いられている一般的な太陽電池の構造を示す斜視図であり、図１２は、その上面図、図１３は、ＸII−ＸIIにおける断面図である。図中、１はｐ型シリコンからなる半導体基板、２はＰＯＣｌ3を用いたリン拡散により形成したｎ型の不純物拡散層、３はシリコン窒化膜よりなる反射防止膜、４は印刷により形成した銀ペーストからなる細線電極、５は細線電極４と同じく印刷により形成した銀ペーストからなる集電電極、６は印刷により形成したアルミペーストからなる裏面電極、７は銅からなる外部電極、８は外部電極７を集電電極５上に固定する錫からなる半田層、９は集電電極５の上面と外部電極７の側壁との間に半田層８が渡って形成されたのフィレット部である。外部電極７は、仮想線で示す。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来構造の太陽電池では、製造工程中や使用中において、集電電極５上の外部電極７が剥離し、断線等の故障原因となっていた。
これに対して、集電電極５と外部電極７との固定強度について解析した結果、従来構造の太陽電池では、外部電極７は、半田層８によって集電電極５の上に固定されているが、詳細には、集電電極５と外部電極７との間に挿入された薄膜の半田層８による固定強度は小さく、集電電極４の上面と外部電極７の側面との間に半田層８が渡って形成されたのフィレット部９により、全体の固定強度がほぼ決定されている。従って、かかるフィレット部９の強度を増すことにより、集電電極５と外部電極７との剥離を防止できることを見出した。
即ち、本発明はかかる解析結果に基づいてなされたものであり、外部電極７と集電電極５との間の接着強度を高くし、外部電極７の剥離を防止した信頼性の高い太陽電池を提供することを目的とする。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、発明者らは鋭意研究の結果、集電電極５を、複数の単位集電電極５’に分割して形成し、半田層のフィレット部９が形成される領域の面積を増やすことにより、外部電極７と集電電極５との間の付着強度を高くして、外部電極７の剥離を防止できることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【０００５】
即ち、本発明は、異なる導電型の半導体層を積層し、該半導体層の一表面を受光面とする太陽電池であって、該受光面上に、略平行に設けられた複数の細線電極と該細線電極と接続された集電電極とからなる櫛型電極と、該集電電極に重なるように導電性接着剤で固定された外部電極とを備え、該集電電極が、該外部電極の長手方向に、その電極端部間が所定の間隔をおいて設けられ、側方に複数の該細線電極が接続された複数の単位集電電極からなり、該導電性接着剤が、該電極端部において該外部電極の下部にも回り込み、該電極端部の側壁部と該外部電極裏面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなることを特徴とする太陽電池である。
このように、集電電極を分割して、複数の単位集電電極とすることにより、単位集電電極の側面と外部電極の裏面との間にもフィレット部を形成することができ、集電電極と外部電極との接着強度を向上させることができる。即ち、かかる構造を用いることにより、フィレット部の形成領域を大きくできるとともに、側面と裏面といった異なった方向から外部電極を固定することができ、外部電極の固定強度を大きくすることができる。これにより、製造工程中、又は使用中における外部電極の剥離を防止し、信頼性の高い太陽電池を提供することが可能となる。
【０００６】
上記長手方向と垂直な方向の電極幅は、該外部電極より該単位集電電極の方が広くなり、該外部電極の側面と、該単位集電電極の上面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなることが好ましい。
かかる構造を用いることにより、特に、太陽電池の発電効率を多少犠牲にしても外部電極の接続強度を大きくしたい場合には、単位集電電極の電極幅を広くして、フィレット部の形成面積を大きくすることにより、更に、外部電極の接続強度を大きくすることができるからである。
【０００７】
上記単位集電電極は、電極幅を部分的に広くしたものであっても良い。
かかる構造を用いることにより、太陽電池の発電効率の低下を極力抑えながら、外部電極の接続強度を向上させることができるからである。
【０００８】
上記電極幅は、該外部電極より該単位集電電極の方が狭くなり、該外部電極裏面と、該単位集電電極の側面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなるものであっても良い。
かかる構造を用いることにより、太陽電池の発電効率を低下させないで、外部電極の接着強度を向上させることが可能だからである。
【０００９】
上記電極幅は、該外部電極と、該単位集電電極とで略等しくなり、該外部電極の側面と、該単位集電電極の側面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなるものであっても良い。
かかる構造を用いることによっても、太陽電池の発電効率を低下させないで、外部電極の接着強度を向上させることが可能だからである。
【００１０】
上記単位集積電極の電極端部間の距離は、上記細線電極間の距離より広いことが好ましい。
例えば、電極端部間の距離を、細線電極の１ピッチ分とするより、３ピッチ分とするほうが、外部電極の接続強度が向上するからである。
【００１１】
上記単位集電電極の電極端部は、該単位集電電極の電極幅より電極幅の狭い接続電極で接続されたものであっても構わない。
このように、単位集電電極より電極幅の狭い接続電極で接続することにより、外部電極の接続強度を増しつつ、電極部の抵抗値の増加を抑え、集電ロスを低減することができるからである。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態１．
本発明の第１の実施の形態について、図１〜３を参照して説明する。図１は、本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池の上面図、図２は、Ｉ−Ｉにおける断面図であり、図中、図１１と同一符号は、同一又は相当箇所を示す。
【００１３】
本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池では、受光面上に、略平行に設けられた複数の細線電極４と該細線電極４と接続された集電電極５とからなる櫛型電極と、該集電電極５に重なるように半田層８で固定された外部電極７とを備え、該集電電極５が、該外部電極７の長手方向に、その電極端部間が所定の間隔をおいて設けられた複数の単位集電電極５’からなり、半田層８が、該電極端部において該外部電極７の下部にも回り込み、該電極端部の側壁部と該外部電極７裏面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部９を形成している。
具体的には、集電電極５は、同一直線上に並んだ４つの単位集電電極５’に分割されており、単位集電電極５’間の距離は、図１の上方に示した電極では細線電極４の間隔と同じあり、一方、図１の下方に示した電極では細線電極４の間隔の３倍となっている。全ての単位集電電極５’は、その上に形成された外部電極７に電気的に接続されている。また、細線電極４は、その底面で、不純物拡散層２と電気的に接続されている。
【００１４】
ここで、半田８のフィレット部９は、図２に示したように、集電電極５の上面と外部電極７の側面との間を渡るように形成され、かかるフィレット部９が多いほど、外部電極７の集電電極５に対する接着強度が増加する。
従って、本実施の形態では、集電電極５を４つに分割して単位集電電極５’とすることにより、図２に示すように、単位集電電極５’の電極端部において、半田層８が外部電極７の下部にも回り込み、単位集電電極５’の電極端部の側壁部と外部電極７裏面との間を渡ってフィレット部９を形成するようにしている。
【００１５】
図３は、図１の構造において、集電電極５から外部電極板７を剥がすのに必要となるひっぱり強度をピール試験により測定した結果である。
横軸に、集電電極間の分断の無い場合（従来構造）、集電電極間の分断距離が、細線電極４の間隔の１ピッチに相当する場合（図１の上方に示した電極構造）、集電電極間の分断距離が、細線電極４の間隔の３ピッチに相当する場合（図１の下方に示した電極構造）を示し、縦軸に、ピール試験で測定した外部電極付着強度（kg/cm2）を示す。
図３から明らかなように、集電電極５に分断部分を持たせて、単位集電電極５’としたものは、分断しない従来構造のものより、付着強度（接着強度）が増加している。また、分断部分の距離を、１ピッチから３ピッチに広げることにより、更に付着強度が増加していることが分る。
以上のように、集電電極５を分割して、複数の単位集電電極５’とすることにより、従来構造よりフィレット部９の形成される面積が大きくなり、外部電極７と集電電極５との接着強度を大きくすることができる。
これにより、製造工程中、使用中における外部電極７の剥離を防止することができ、信頼性の高い太陽電池を提供することが可能となる。
なお、本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池では、単位集電電極５’に対して、外部電極７が表面全体で電気的に接続されているため、集電電極５が分割されることにより集電ロスが問題となるほど増加することはない。
【００１６】
実施の形態２.
本発明の第２の実施の形態について、図４を参照して説明する。図４は、本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池の上面図であり、図中、図１と同一符号は、同一又は相当箇所を示す。また、上方に示した電極では、単位集電電極５’の間隔が細線電極４の１ピッチ分の間隔であり、下方に示した電極では、細線電極４の３ピッチ分の間隔となっている。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態１の単位集電電極５’の間を、集電電極５の長手方向と垂直な幅方向の電極幅が、単位集電電極５’の電極幅より狭い接続電極１０により電気的に接続されている。
かかる接続電極１０は、単位集電電極５’の形成工程で同時に形成することができ、材料も単位集電電極５’と同じ銀ペーストから形成される。
【００１７】
このように、単位集電電極５’をそれより電極幅の狭い接続電極１０で接続した構造とすることにより、単位集電電極５’の電極端部であって接続電極１０と接続されていない部分と、外部電極７の裏面との間にフィレット部９を形成することができる。これにより、単位集電電極５’と外部電極７との接続強度を大きくし、外部電極７の剥離を防止することができる。更には、各単位集電電極５’の間が接続電極１０により電気的に接続されているため、各単位集電電極５’が外部電極７のみで電気的に接続されている場合に比較して、電極部（単位集電電極５’と外部電極７）の抵抗値を小さくして、集電ロスを少なくすることができる。
本実施の形態では、接続電極１０を、実施の形態１の構造に適用した場合について述べたが、以下に説明する実施の形態３〜５に適用することも可能である。
【００１８】
実施の形態３.
本発明の第３の実施の形態について、図５、６を参照して説明する。図５は、本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池の上面図であり、図６は、Ｖ−Ｖにおける断面図である。図中、図１と同一符号は、同一又は相当箇所を示す。また、上方に示した電極では、単位集電電極５’の間隔が細線電極４の１ピッチ分の間隔であり、下方に示した電極では、細線電極４の３ピッチ分の間隔となっている。
本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池では、図５に示すように、単位集電電極５’が、電極端部において、電極幅を部分的に広くしたこと構造となっている。かかる構造を採用することにより、図６に示すように、電極幅が部分的に広くなった領域において、単位集電電極５’の上面と外部電極７の側面との間に半田層８が渡って形成されたフィレット部９の断面を、例えば、図２に示す構造に比較して大きくすることができ、単位集電電極５’と外部電極７との接続強度を大きくすることが可能となる。
即ち、単位集電電極５’の面積を大きくすることは、その上面に形成されるフィレット部９の断面積を大きくし、単位集電電極５’と外部電極７との接続強度を大きくすることにつながるが、一方で、太陽電池の受光表面の面積を小さくして、発電効率を低下させることになる。そこで、本実施の形態では、部分的に単位集電電極５’の電極幅を広くした領域を形成することにより、受光表面の面積低下を抑えながら、実施の形態１の場合より、単位集電電極５’と外部電極７との接続強度を大きくすることが可能となる。
なお、本実施の形態では、単位集電電極５’の両端の電極端部において、面積の広い領域を設けたが、端部以外の領域に設けることも可能である。
【００１９】
実施の形態４.
本発明の第４の実施の形態について、図７を参照して説明する。図７は、本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池の上面図であり、図中、図１と同一符号は、同一又は相当箇所を示す。また、上方に示した電極では、単位集電電極５’の間隔が細線電極４の１ピッチ分の間隔であり、下方に示した電極では、細線電極４の３ピッチ分の間隔となっている。
【００２０】
上記実施の形態３にかかる太陽電池では、単位集電電極５’を部分的に広く形成したのに対して、本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池では、単位集電電極５’全領域について、単位集電電極５’の面積を広くしている。即ち、単位集電電極５’のいずれの箇所で、電極幅方向の断面を取ってみても、図６のような断面構造となる。
従って、太陽電池の受光表面の面積が多少小さくなっても、単位集電電極５’と外部電極７との接続強度を大きくしたいといった要求のある場合には、図７に示すような構造を用いることにより、実施の形態１の場合より、更に、単位集電電極５’と外部電極７との接続強度を大きくして、外部電極７の剥離を防止することが可能となる。
【００２１】
実施の形態５.
本発明の第５の実施の形態について、図８〜１０を参照して説明する。図８は、本実施の形態にかかる太陽電池の上面図であり、図９、１０は、ＶIII−ＶIIIにおける断面図である。図中、図１と同一符号は、同一又は相当箇所を示す。また、上方に示した電極では、単位集電電極５’の間隔が細線電極４の１ピッチ分の間隔であり、下方に示した電極では、細線電極４の３ピッチ分の間隔となっている。
【００２２】
本実施の形態では、単位集電電極５’の電極幅を、外部電極７の電極幅と同じか、又はより狭くしたものである。
図９は、単位集電電極５’の電極幅を、外部電極７の電極幅より狭くした場合のＶIII−ＶIIIにおける断面図である。図から明らかなように、実施の形態１では、単位集電電極５’の上面と、外部電極７の側壁との間に形成されていたフィレット部９が、単位集電電極５’の側面と、外部電極７の裏面との間に形成されることとなる。
かかる構造を用いることにより、単位集電電極５’と外部電極７との間に形成されるフィレット部９の断面積を同等に維持して、実施の形態１の場合と同程度の接続強度を維持しながら、単位集電電極５’の電極幅を、外部電極７の電極幅より狭くすることにより、太陽電池表面の受光表面の面積を増やすことができ、太陽電池の発電効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【００２３】
一方、図１０は、単位集電電極５’の電極幅と、外部電極７の電極幅とを同じとするとともに、フィレット部９が、単位集電電極５’の側面と、外部電極７の側面とを渡るように形成したものである。
このようにフィレット部９を形成することにより、実施の形態１のように、単位集電電極５’の上面と、外部電極７の側面との間にフィレット部９を形成した場合と同程度の接続強度を得ることが可能となる。また、単位集電電極５’の電極幅が、外部電極７の電極幅と、同程度まで狭くすることにより、太陽電池の受光表面の面積を増やすことができ、太陽電池の発電効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、集電電極を分割して、側方に複数の該細線電極が接続された複数の単位集電電極とすることにより、フィレット部が形成される面積が大きくなり、外部電極と集電電極との接続強度を大きくすることができ、外部電極の剥離を防止した、信頼性の高い太陽電池を提供することが可能となる。
【００２５】
また、単位集電電極の面積を一部、又は全部において広くすることにより、フィレット部の接続強度を大きくし、更に、信頼性の高い太陽電池を提供することが可能となる。
【００２６】
また、単位集電電極の電極幅を、外部電極と同等又はそれより小さくすることにより、外部電極の剥離を防止しながら、太陽電池の受光表面の面積を広くして、太陽電池の発電効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【００２７】
更には、単位集電電極間を、それより電極幅の狭い接続電極で接続した構造とすることにより、電極部の抵抗値を小さくして、集電ロスを少なくすることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の実施の形態１にかかる太陽電池の上面図である。
【図２】 Ｉ−Ｉにおける断面図である。
【図３】 外部電極付着強度の測定結果である。
【図４】 本発明の実施の形態２にかかる太陽電池の上面図である。
【図５】 本発明の実施の形態３にかかる太陽電池の上面図である。
【図６】 Ｖ−Ｖにおける断面図である。
【図７】 本発明の実施の形態４にかかる太陽電池の上面図である。
【図８】 本発明の実施の形態５にかかる太陽電池の上面図である。
【図９】 ＶIII−ＶIIIにおける断面図である。
【図１０】 ＶIII−ＶIIIにおける断面図である。
【図１１】 従来構造にかかる太陽電池の斜視図である。
【図１２】 従来構造にかかる太陽電池の上面図である。
【図１３】 ＸII−ＸIIにおける断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 半導体基板、２ 不純物拡散層、３ 反射防止膜、４ 細線電極、５ 集電電極、５’ 単位集電電極、６ 裏面電極、７ 外部電極、８ 半田層、９ フィレット部、１０ 接続電極。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a solar cell, and more particularly to an electrode structure formed on a light receiving surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a structure of a general solar cell widely used in, for example, a residential solar power generation system manufactured by Sharp Corporation, FIG. 12 is a top view thereof, and FIG. It is sectional drawing in XII-XII. In the figure, 1 is a semiconductor substrate made of p-type silicon, 2 is an n-type impurity diffusion layer formed by phosphorus diffusion using POCl 3 , 3 is an antireflection film made of a silicon nitride film, 4 is silver formed by printing Fine wire electrode made of paste, 5 is a collector electrode made of silver paste formed by printing in the same manner as thin wire electrode 4, 6 is a back electrode made of aluminum paste formed by printing, 7 is an external electrode made of copper, and 8 is an external electrode. A solder layer made of tin that fixes 7 on the current collecting electrode 5, and 9 is a fillet portion in which the solder layer 8 is formed across the upper surface of the current collecting electrode 5 and the side wall of the external electrode 7. The external electrode 7 is indicated by a virtual line.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a solar cell having a conventional structure, the external electrode 7 on the current collecting electrode 5 is peeled off during the manufacturing process or in use, causing a failure such as disconnection.
On the other hand, as a result of analyzing the fixing strength between the collecting electrode 5 and the external electrode 7, in the conventional solar cell, the external electrode 7 is fixed on the collecting electrode 5 by the solder layer 8. Specifically, the fixing strength of the thin film solder layer 8 inserted between the current collecting electrode 5 and the external electrode 7 is small, and the solder layer 8 is interposed between the upper surface of the current collecting electrode 4 and the side surface of the external electrode 7. The overall fixing strength is substantially determined by the fillet portion 9 formed over the cross section. Therefore, it has been found that peeling between the collecting electrode 5 and the external electrode 7 can be prevented by increasing the strength of the fillet portion 9.
That is, the present invention has been made on the basis of such analysis results, and a highly reliable solar cell in which the adhesive strength between the external electrode 7 and the current collecting electrode 5 is increased and peeling of the external electrode 7 is prevented. The purpose is to provide.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, as a result of earnest research, the inventors divided and formed the collecting electrode 5 into a plurality of unit collecting electrodes 5 ′, and by increasing the area of the region where the fillet portion 9 of the solder layer was formed, The present inventors have found that the adhesion strength between the external electrode 7 and the current collecting electrode 5 can be increased to prevent the external electrode 7 from peeling off, and the present invention has been completed.
[0005]
That is, the present invention is a solar cell in which semiconductor layers of different conductivity types are stacked and one surface of the semiconductor layer is a light receiving surface, and a plurality of thin wire electrodes provided substantially in parallel on the light receiving surface and A comb-shaped electrode composed of a current collecting electrode connected to the thin wire electrode, and an external electrode fixed with a conductive adhesive so as to overlap the current collecting electrode. In the longitudinal direction, the electrode end portions are provided at predetermined intervals, and are composed of a plurality of unit current collecting electrodes to which a plurality of the thin wire electrodes are connected to the side, and the conductive adhesive is connected to the electrode ends. The solar cell is characterized by forming a fillet portion that goes around the lower portion of the external electrode and connects between the side wall portion of the electrode end portion and the back surface of the external electrode.
Thus, by dividing the current collecting electrode into a plurality of unit current collecting electrodes, a fillet portion can be formed between the side surface of the unit current collecting electrode and the back surface of the external electrode. The adhesive strength between the electrode and the external electrode can be improved. That is, by using such a structure, it is possible to enlarge the formation area of the fillet portion, and to fix the external electrode from different directions such as the side surface and the back surface, and to increase the fixing strength of the external electrode. Thereby, peeling of the external electrode during the manufacturing process or in use can be prevented, and a highly reliable solar cell can be provided.
[0006]
The electrode width in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is such that the unit collector electrode is wider than the external electrode, and the fillet is connected across the side surface of the external electrode and the upper surface of the unit collector electrode. It is preferable to form a part.
By using such a structure, in particular, when it is desired to increase the connection strength of the external electrode even if the power generation efficiency of the solar cell is somewhat sacrificed, the electrode collector of the unit current collecting electrode is widened to reduce the formation area of the fillet portion. This is because the connection strength of the external electrode can be further increased by increasing the value.
[0007]
The unit current collecting electrode may have a partially wide electrode width.
This is because, by using such a structure, the connection strength of the external electrode can be improved while suppressing the decrease in power generation efficiency of the solar cell as much as possible.
[0008]
The electrode width is such that the unit current collecting electrode is narrower than the external electrode, and a fillet portion is formed to connect between the back surface of the external electrode and the side surface of the unit current collecting electrode. There may be.
This is because by using such a structure, it is possible to improve the adhesive strength of the external electrode without reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cell.
[0009]
The electrode width is substantially equal between the external electrode and the unit current collecting electrode, and forms a fillet portion connecting between the side surface of the external electrode and the side surface of the unit current collecting electrode. It may be a thing.
This is because even by using such a structure, it is possible to improve the adhesive strength of the external electrode without reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cell.
[0010]
The distance between the electrode end portions of the unit integrated electrode is preferably wider than the distance between the thin wire electrodes.
For example, the connection strength of the external electrode is improved when the distance between the electrode end portions is set to 3 pitches rather than 1 pitch of the thin wire electrode.
[0011]
The electrode end portions of the unit collector electrode may be connected by a connection electrode having an electrode width narrower than the electrode width of the unit collector electrode.
In this way, by connecting with a connection electrode having a narrower electrode width than the unit current collection electrode, it is possible to increase the connection strength of the external electrode, suppress an increase in the resistance value of the electrode portion, and reduce the current collection loss. It is.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a top view of a solar cell according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 11 indicate the same or corresponding parts.
[0013]
In the solar cell according to the present embodiment, on the light receiving surface, a comb-shaped electrode including a plurality of thin wire electrodes 4 provided substantially in parallel and a current collecting electrode 5 connected to the thin wire electrode 4, and the current collecting device An external electrode 7 fixed by a solder layer 8 so as to overlap the electrode 5, and the collector electrode 5 is provided in the longitudinal direction of the external electrode 7 with a predetermined interval between the electrode ends. A plurality of unit current collecting electrodes 5 ′, and the solder layer 8 also wraps around the lower portion of the external electrode 7 at the electrode end portion, and crosses between the side wall portion of the electrode end portion and the back surface of the external electrode 7. The fillet portion 9 to be connected is formed.
Specifically, the current collecting electrode 5 is divided into four unit current collecting electrodes 5 ′ arranged on the same straight line, and the distance between the unit current collecting electrodes 5 ′ is the electrode shown in the upper part of FIG. Is the same as the interval between the thin wire electrodes 4, while the electrode shown in the lower part of FIG. All the unit current collecting electrodes 5 ′ are electrically connected to the external electrode 7 formed thereon. The thin wire electrode 4 is electrically connected to the impurity diffusion layer 2 at the bottom surface.
[0014]
Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the fillet portion 9 of the solder 8 is formed so as to cross between the upper surface of the current collecting electrode 5 and the side surface of the external electrode 7. The adhesion strength of the electrode 7 to the current collecting electrode 5 increases.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the current collecting electrode 5 is divided into four to form the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′, so that as shown in FIG. The layer 8 also goes around the lower part of the external electrode 7 so as to form the fillet part 9 across the side wall part of the electrode end part of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′ and the back surface of the external electrode 7.
[0015]
FIG. 3 is a result of measuring the pulling strength required to peel the external electrode plate 7 from the collecting electrode 5 by a peel test in the structure of FIG.
On the horizontal axis, when there is no separation between the collecting electrodes (conventional structure), when the dividing distance between the collecting electrodes corresponds to one pitch of the interval between the thin wire electrodes 4 (electrode structure shown in the upper part of FIG. 1) , The separation distance between the collecting electrodes corresponds to 3 pitches of the distance between the thin wire electrodes 4 (electrode structure shown in the lower part of FIG. 1), and the vertical axis shows the external electrode adhesion strength (measured by a peel test) kg / cm 2 ).
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ provided with the divided portion of the current collecting electrode 5 has a higher adhesion strength (adhesive strength) than that of the conventional structure which is not divided. . Further, it can be seen that the adhesion strength is further increased by increasing the distance of the divided portion from 1 pitch to 3 pitches.
As described above, by dividing the collecting electrode 5 into a plurality of unit collecting electrodes 5 ′, the area where the fillet portion 9 is formed becomes larger than that of the conventional structure, and the external electrode 7 and the collecting electrode 5 are formed. The adhesive strength can be increased.
Thereby, peeling of the external electrode 7 during use during the manufacturing process can be prevented, and a highly reliable solar cell can be provided.
In the solar cell according to the present embodiment, the external electrode 7 is electrically connected to the entire surface of the unit collector electrode 5 ′, so that the collector electrode 5 is divided to collect the current. It does not increase so much that loss becomes a problem.
[0016]
Embodiment 2.
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a top view of the solar cell according to the present embodiment, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. Further, in the electrode shown in the upper part, the interval between the unit collecting electrodes 5 ′ is one pitch of the fine wire electrode 4, and in the electrode shown in the lower part, the interval is three pitches of the fine wire electrode 4. .
In the present embodiment, the width of the electrode in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the current collecting electrode 5 is smaller than the width of the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ between the unit current collecting electrodes 5 ′ of the first embodiment. The connection electrode 10 is electrically connected.
The connection electrode 10 can be formed at the same time in the step of forming the unit collector electrode 5 ′, and the material is also formed from the same silver paste as the unit collector electrode 5 ′.
[0017]
In this way, the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ is connected by the connection electrode 10 having a narrower electrode width, so that it is not connected to the connection electrode 10 at the end of the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′. A fillet portion 9 can be formed between the portion and the back surface of the external electrode 7. Thereby, the connection intensity | strength of unit current collection electrode 5 'and the external electrode 7 can be enlarged, and peeling of the external electrode 7 can be prevented. Furthermore, since each unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ is electrically connected by the connection electrode 10, compared to the case where each unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ is electrically connected only by the external electrode 7. Thus, the resistance value of the electrode part (unit collecting electrode 5 ′ and external electrode 7) can be reduced to reduce the collecting loss.
Although the case where the connection electrode 10 is applied to the structure of the first embodiment has been described in the present embodiment, the connection electrode 10 can also be applied to the third to fifth embodiments described below.
[0018]
Embodiment 3.
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a top view of the solar cell according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view at VV. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. Further, in the electrode shown in the upper part, the interval between the unit collecting electrodes 5 ′ is one pitch of the fine wire electrode 4, and in the electrode shown in the lower part, the interval is three pitches of the fine wire electrode 4. .
In the solar cell according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ has a structure in which the electrode width is partially widened at the electrode end. By adopting such a structure, as shown in FIG. 6, the solder layer 8 crosses between the upper surface of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′ and the side surface of the external electrode 7 in a region where the electrode width is partially widened. The cross section of the fillet portion 9 formed in this way can be made larger than, for example, the structure shown in FIG. 2, and the connection strength between the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ and the external electrode 7 can be increased. .
That is, increasing the area of the unit collector electrode 5 ′ increases the cross-sectional area of the fillet portion 9 formed on the upper surface thereof, and increases the connection strength between the unit collector electrode 5 ′ and the external electrode 7. However, on the other hand, the area of the light receiving surface of the solar cell is reduced to reduce the power generation efficiency. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by forming a region where the electrode width of the unit collector electrode 5 ′ is partially widened, the unit current collector is more than in the case of the first embodiment while suppressing a reduction in the area of the light receiving surface. The connection strength between the electrode 5 ′ and the external electrode 7 can be increased.
In the present embodiment, a region having a large area is provided at the electrode end portions at both ends of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′. However, it may be provided in a region other than the end portions.
[0019]
Embodiment 4.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a top view of the solar cell according to the present embodiment, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. Further, in the electrode shown in the upper part, the interval between the unit collecting electrodes 5 ′ is one pitch of the fine wire electrode 4, and in the electrode shown in the lower part, the interval is three pitches of the fine wire electrode 4. .
[0020]
In the solar cell according to the third embodiment, the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ is partially widened, whereas in the solar cell according to the present embodiment, the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ has a unit for the entire region. The area of the current collecting electrode 5 ′ is increased. That is, even if the cross section in the electrode width direction is taken at any location of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′, the cross sectional structure as shown in FIG. 6 is obtained.
Therefore, when there is a demand for increasing the connection strength between the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ and the external electrode 7 even if the area of the light receiving surface of the solar cell is somewhat reduced, the structure shown in FIG. 7 is used. Accordingly, it is possible to further increase the connection strength between the unit collecting electrode 5 ′ and the external electrode 7 and prevent the external electrode 7 from being peeled off, as compared with the case of the first embodiment.
[0021]
Embodiment 5.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a top view of the solar cell according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are cross-sectional views taken along line VIII-VIII. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. Further, in the electrode shown in the upper part, the interval between the unit collecting electrodes 5 ′ is one pitch of the fine wire electrode 4, and in the electrode shown in the lower part, the interval is three pitches of the fine wire electrode 4. .
[0022]
In the present embodiment, the electrode width of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′ is the same as or narrower than the electrode width of the external electrode 7.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in the case where the electrode width of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′ is narrower than the electrode width of the external electrode 7. As is apparent from the figure, in the first embodiment, the fillet portion 9 formed between the upper surface of the unit collector electrode 5 ′ and the side wall of the external electrode 7 is connected to the side surface of the unit collector electrode 5 ′. In other words, it is formed between the back surface of the external electrode 7.
By using such a structure, the cross-sectional area of the fillet portion 9 formed between the unit current collecting electrode 5 ′ and the external electrode 7 is maintained to be equal, and the connection strength comparable to that in the first embodiment is obtained. While maintaining the width of the unit collector electrode 5 ′ smaller than the electrode width of the external electrode 7, the area of the light receiving surface of the solar cell surface can be increased, and the power generation efficiency of the solar cell can be improved. Is possible.
[0023]
On the other hand, FIG. 10 shows that the unit collector electrode 5 ′ has the same electrode width as that of the external electrode 7, and the fillet portion 9 includes the side surface of the unit collector electrode 5 ′ and the side surface of the external electrode 7. It is formed to cross.
By forming the fillet portion 9 in this way, the same degree as in the case of forming the fillet portion 9 between the upper surface of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′ and the side surface of the external electrode 7 as in the first embodiment. Connection strength can be obtained. Moreover, the area of the light receiving surface of the solar cell can be increased by reducing the electrode width of the unit collecting electrode 5 ′ to the same extent as the electrode width of the external electrode 7, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell. It becomes possible.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the fillet portion is formed by dividing the current collecting electrode into a plurality of unit current collecting electrodes to which a plurality of the thin wire electrodes are connected to the side. As a result, the connection area between the external electrode and the collector electrode can be increased, and a highly reliable solar cell can be provided in which peeling of the external electrode is prevented.
[0025]
In addition, by increasing the area of the unit collecting electrode in part or in whole, it is possible to increase the connection strength of the fillet portion and to provide a highly reliable solar cell.
[0026]
In addition, by making the electrode width of the unit collecting electrode equal to or smaller than that of the external electrode, it is possible to increase the area of the light receiving surface of the solar cell while preventing the peeling of the external electrode, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell It becomes possible to improve.
[0027]
Furthermore, by using a structure in which the unit current collecting electrodes are connected by connection electrodes having a narrower electrode width, it is possible to reduce the resistance value of the electrode portion and reduce the current collection loss.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a top view of a solar cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II.
FIG. 3 is a measurement result of external electrode adhesion strength.
FIG. 4 is a top view of a solar cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view of a solar cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along VV.
FIG. 7 is a top view of a solar cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a top view of a solar cell according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a solar cell according to a conventional structure.
FIG. 12 is a top view of a solar cell according to a conventional structure.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Semiconductor substrate, 2 Impurity diffused layer, 3 Anti-reflective film, 4 Thin wire electrode, 5 Current collecting electrode, 5 'Unit current collecting electrode, 6 Back surface electrode, 7 External electrode, 8 Solder layer, 9 Fillet part, 10 Connection electrode.

Claims (7)

異なる導電型の半導体層を積層し、該半導体層の一表面を受光面とする太陽電池であって、
該受光面上に、略平行に設けられた複数の細線電極と該細線電極と接続された集電電極とからなる櫛型電極と、
該集電電極に沿って、重なるように導電性接着剤で固定された外部電極とを備え、
該集電電極が、該外部電極の長手方向に、その電極端部間が所定の間隔をおいて設けられ、側方に複数の該細線電極が接続された複数の単位集電電極からなり、
該導電性接着剤が、該電極端部において該外部電極の下部にも回り込み、該電極端部の側壁部と該外部電極裏面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなることを特徴とする太陽電池。A solar cell in which semiconductor layers of different conductivity types are stacked and one surface of the semiconductor layer is a light receiving surface,
A comb-shaped electrode comprising a plurality of fine wire electrodes provided substantially parallel to the light receiving surface and a collecting electrode connected to the thin wire electrode;
An external electrode fixed with a conductive adhesive so as to overlap along the current collecting electrode,
The current collecting electrode is composed of a plurality of unit current collecting electrodes provided in the longitudinal direction of the external electrode with a predetermined interval between the electrode ends , and a plurality of the thin wire electrodes connected to the side .
The conductive adhesive wraps around the lower portion of the external electrode at the electrode end portion to form a fillet portion connecting between the side wall portion of the electrode end portion and the back surface of the external electrode. Solar cell featuring. 上記長手方向と垂直な方向の電極幅が、該外部電極より該単位集電電極の方が広くなり、該外部電極の側面と、該単位集電電極の上面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の太陽電池。  The electrode collector in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is wider in the unit collector electrode than in the external electrode, and the fillet is connected between the side surface of the external electrode and the upper surface of the unit collector electrode. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein a solar cell is formed. 上記単位集電電極が、電極幅を部分的に広くしたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の太陽電池。  The solar cell according to claim 2, wherein the unit collector electrode has a partially wide electrode width. 上記電極幅が、該外部電極より該単位集電電極の方が狭くなり、該外部電極裏面と、該単位集電電極の側面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の太陽電池。  The electrode width is such that the unit current collecting electrode is narrower than the external electrode, and a fillet portion is formed to connect between the back surface of the external electrode and the side surface of the unit current collecting electrode. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein 上記電極幅が、該外部電極と、該単位集電電極とで略等しくなり、該外部電極の側面と、該単位集電電極の側面との間を渡って接続するフィレット部を形成してなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の太陽電池。  The electrode width is substantially equal between the external electrode and the unit collector electrode, and a fillet portion is formed to connect across the side surface of the external electrode and the side surface of the unit collector electrode. The solar cell according to claim 1. 上記単位集積電極の電極端部間の距離が、上記細線電極間の距離より広いことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の太陽電池。  2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein a distance between electrode end portions of the unit integrated electrode is wider than a distance between the thin wire electrodes. 上記単位集電電極の電極端部が、該単位集電電極の電極幅より電極幅の狭い接続電極で接続されたことを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の太陽電池。  The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an electrode end portion of the unit collector electrode is connected by a connection electrode having an electrode width narrower than an electrode width of the unit collector electrode.
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