JP3673357B2 - Pretreatment cleaner for plating - Google Patents

Pretreatment cleaner for plating Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3673357B2
JP3673357B2 JP02726097A JP2726097A JP3673357B2 JP 3673357 B2 JP3673357 B2 JP 3673357B2 JP 02726097 A JP02726097 A JP 02726097A JP 2726097 A JP2726097 A JP 2726097A JP 3673357 B2 JP3673357 B2 JP 3673357B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
pretreatment
sample
plating
hole
weight
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JP02726097A
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JPH10212593A (en
Inventor
国雄 千葉
弘行 渡邉
淳 飯塚
和貴 田嶋
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Meltex Inc
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Meltex Inc
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/22Secondary treatment of printed circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/40Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K3/42Plated through-holes or plated via connections
    • H05K3/423Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by electroplating method

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  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、プリント基板のスルーホール等におけるめっきの前処理に用いる前処理洗浄剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
通常、プリント基板は非導電性の基材の両面に銅薄膜を形成した積層構造を有しており、スルーホール内には基材面が露出している。このようなプリント基板上への配線形成およびスルーホールにおける導通の一例として、以下のような工程が行われている。まず、予めパラジウム等の触媒金属核を付与した後、無電解めっきにより銅薄膜をスルーホール内を含めて形成した後、電気銅めっきによって厚い銅被膜を形成する。この銅被膜の形成は、電気銅めっきを行わずに無電解めっきのみで行われる場合もある。次に、感光性ドライフィルムをラミネートして露光、現像し銅被膜上に所望の配線パターンの逆パターンでめっきレジスト層を形成した後、露出している銅被膜上に電気銅めっきにより銅めっきパターンを形成する。次いで、はんだめっき等により銅めっきパターン上に保護層を形成した後、レジスト層を剥離除去し、エッチングにより銅めっきパターンの形成されていない箇所の銅被膜の除去が行われる。
【0003】
しかし、スルーホールに気体が残留している場合、スルーホール内の銅被膜上へのはんだめっきの析出が阻害されて保護層の非形成箇所が生じ、後工程のエッチングにより保護層非形成箇所の銅被膜が溶解してボイドが発生し、導通に欠陥を生じることになる。プリント基板に設けられた複数のスルーホールの1個にでも上記のような欠陥が生じると、そのプリント基板は使用不可能になるため、スルーホール内の気体の除去が極めて重要となる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、スルーホール内の気体の除去手段として、減圧、揺動、ショッキング(衝撃)等の手段が用いられているが、スルーホールの小径化、アスペクト比(基板厚み:スルーホール径)の増大、高密度化に伴って、スルーホール内の気体除去が難しくなっている。このため、上記の気体除去手段に加えて、脱脂等の前処理において化学的にスルーホール内に残存する気体を除去する方法がとられている。ところで、上述のレジスト層はアルカリ現像タイプが一般的であるため、使用する前処理洗浄剤は中性あるいは酸性のものに限定される。しかし、従来から使用されている中性あるいは酸性の前処理洗浄剤は、小径のスルーホール内への浸透性が低く、スルーホール内の気体除去が十分に行えないという問題があった。
【0005】
本発明は上述のような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、プリント基板の小径で高アスペクト比のスルーホール内への浸透性に優れ、めっきによるスルーホールの欠陥発生を著しく低減することが可能なめっき用の前処理洗浄剤を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このような目的を達成するために、本発明は、スルーホールを含むプリント基板めっき用の前処理洗浄剤において、無機酸および有機酸のなかの1種または2種以上の酸を0.01〜16重量%の範囲で含有し、ノニオン系界面活性剤およびアニオン系界面活性剤のなかの1種または2種以上の界面活性剤を0.01〜5重量%の範囲で含有し、アルコールを0.01〜10重量%の範囲で含有する水溶液であるような構成とした。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の最適な実施形態について説明する。
【0011】
本発明の前処理洗浄剤に含有される酸は、無機酸および有機酸の1種あるいは2種以上の組み合わせである。無機酸としては硫酸、リン酸等を使用することができ、また、有機酸としてはギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、メタンスルホン酸等を使用することができる。このような酸の含有量は0.01〜16重量%の範囲内で使用する酸に応じて適宜設定することができる。酸の含有量が0.01重量%未満であると、組み合わせて使用する界面活性剤によっては、基板表面のレジスト残渣の除去能力や脱脂力の低下を生じ、さらに、小径スルーホール内への前処理洗浄剤の浸透性の低下を生じることがある。また、16重量%を超えると、レジストへのアタックが強くなってレジストと下地(例えば、銅被膜)との密着性が低下するとともに、浸透性の更なる向上は望めずコスト増大を来すので好ましくない。
【0012】
また、本発明の前処理洗浄剤に含有される界面活性剤は、ノニオン系界面活性剤およびアニオン系界面活性剤の1種または2種以上の組み合わせである。ノニオン系界面活性剤としては従来公知のノニオン系界面活性剤を使用することができ、例えば、三洋化成工業(株)製ノニポール95、花王(株)製エマルゲン810、日華化学(株)製サンモールWL−3等を挙げることができる。また、アニオン系界面活性剤としては従来公知のアニオン系界面活性剤を使用することができ、例えば、花王(株)製ペレックスSS−H、n−ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム等を挙げることができる。このような界面活性剤の含有量は0.01〜5重量%の範囲内で、使用する界面活性剤に応じて適宜設定することできる。界面活性剤の含有量が0.01重量%未満であると、前処理洗浄剤の脱脂力や洗浄力等が不十分となり、また、5重量%を超えると、界面活性剤添加による更なる効果は望めずコスト増大を来すとともに、使用する界面活性剤によっては完全に溶解しない場合もあり好ましくない。
【0013】
さらに、本発明の前処理洗浄剤に含有されるアルコールは、飽和アルコールおよび不飽和アルコールのなかの1種または2種以上の組み合わせである。飽和アルコールとしては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール等の1価の飽和アルコール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、D−ソルビトール、キシリット等の多価の飽和アルコールを挙げることができる。また、不飽和アルコールとしては、2−プロピン1−オール等の1価の不飽和アルコール、2−ブチン1,4ジオール等の多価の不飽和アルコールを挙げることができる。このようなアルコールの含有量は0.01〜10重量%の範囲内で、使用するアルコールに応じて適宜設定することができる。アルコールの含有量が0.01重量%未満では、小径(例えば、0.3mm)で高アスペクト比(10以上)のスルーホール内への前処理洗浄剤の浸透性が低下し、また、10重量%を超えると更なる効果は望めずコスト増大を来すので好ましくない。
【0014】
上述のような酸、界面活性剤およびアルコールを含有させて本発明の前処理洗浄剤とするための溶媒としては水が好ましく、一般の水道水あるいは純水等を用いることができる。
【0015】
本発明の前処理洗浄剤を用いたスルーホール等への電気銅めっきの前処理工程における浴温度は20〜60℃、浸漬時間は2〜10分の範囲で適宜設定することができる。但し、実用的ではないが、10分を超える浸漬時間でも前処理洗浄液としての性能に問題はない。このような前処理によって、脱脂等の洗浄が行われるとともに、スルーホール内に前処理洗浄液が浸透して、残留している気体を有効に除去することができる。
【0016】
【実施例】
次に、実施例を示して本発明を更に詳細に説明する。
(実施例1)
(1) テスト基板の作製
まず、厚み3.2mmのガラス−エポキシ基材の両面銅張積層基板(松下電工(株)製FR−4)にスルーホール(穴径0.3mm)を形成した。このスルーホールは1行に14個形成し、全部で30行形成した。次いで、無電解銅めっき、電気銅めっき(パネルめっき)を施して銅被膜(厚み25μm)を形成した。その後、この銅被膜上にドライフィルムフォトレジスト(モートンインターナショナル(株)製DFR)をラミネートし、露光現像して回路部以外の銅被膜をレジスト層で被覆してテスト基板とした。
(2) 前処理洗浄剤の調製
溶媒としての水に下記の成分を含有させた前処理洗浄剤(試料1〜試料11)を調製した。但し、使用した硫酸の含有量A(重量%)、ノニオン系界面活性剤の含有量B(重量%)およびエチレングリコールの含有量C(重量%)は下記の表1に示されるものとした。
【0017】
前処理洗浄剤の組成
・98%精製硫酸 … A 重量%
・ノニオン系界面活性剤 … B 重量%
(ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル)
(花王(株)製エマルゲン810)
・エチレングリコール … C 重量%
また、比較として、溶媒としての水に下記の成分を含有させた従来の酸性前処理洗浄剤(比較試料1)を調製した。
【0018】
従来の前処理洗浄剤の組成
・有機酸(ギ酸) …2.5重量%
・ポリエチレングリコール(分子量3400) …1.0重量%
(3) 前処理洗浄剤の評価
上記のように調製した各前処理洗浄剤の評価を以下のようにして行った。
【0019】
まず、45℃に保った前処理洗浄剤の浴にテスト基板を5分間浸漬して前処理を行った。この前処理工程において、テスト基板のスルーホールに対する各前処理洗浄剤の浸透性に応じてスルーホール内の残留気体の除去が行われ、後述する導通率にその結果が現れる。尚、前処理洗浄剤のみによる残留気体の除去効果を確認するために、この前処理工程および後工程において揺動等の従来の気体除去操作はまったく行わなかった。
【0020】
次に、水洗した後、溶媒としての水に下記の成分を含有させたはんだめっき浴を使用してスルーホール内の銅被膜を含む露出している銅被膜上にはんだめっきを行い保護層を形成した。この場合、浴温度は25℃、電流密度は2A/dm2 、めっき時間は12分とした。
【0021】
はんだめっき浴組成
・金属錫 … 16g/l
・金属鉛 … 11g/l
・遊離酸 …210ml/l
次いで、洗浄後、テスト基板を3%水酸化ナトリウム浴(25℃)に1分間以上浸漬してレジスト層を剥離し、洗浄した。次に、溶媒としての水に下記の成分を含有させたエッチング液にテスト基板を浸漬して銅被膜のエッチングを行った。この場合、エッチング液の温度は50℃、pHは8.3(20℃において)、エッチング時間は1分で、エッチング速度は35μm/分とした。
【0022】
エッチング液の組成
・銅 … 140g/l
・塩素 … 160g/l
・全アンモニア … 9.0N
次に、4端子法によるスルーホールの導通抵抗値の測定を行い、導通抵抗値がオーバーロードとなった行をスルーホール内で断線あるいはボイドが発生したものとみなして導通率(導通率=(断線のない行/30行)×100)を算出して下記の表1に示した。
【0023】
【表1】

Figure 0003673357
表1に示されるように、硫酸の含有量が0.01〜16重量%の範囲、ノニオン系界面活性剤の含有量が0.01〜5重量%の範囲、エチレングリコールの含有量が0.01〜10重量%の範囲である前処理洗浄剤(試料1〜7)を使用した場合は、いずれも導通率が50%以上であり、これらの前処理洗浄剤がスルーホール内に浸透して残留気体を有効に除去することが確認された。尚、試料8、9はスルーホール内の導通率が100%であるが、試料8は基板表面のレジスト残渣の除去能力や脱脂力が不十分であり、試料9はレジストへのアタックが強くなってレジストと銅被膜との密着性に低下を来し、ともに実用に供し得ないものであった。
【0024】
これに対して、従来の酸性前処理洗浄剤(比較試料1)を使用した場合は、導通率が33.3%と極めて低く、前処理における残留気体の除去作用がほとんど得られないことが確認された。
(実施例2)
エチレングリコールに代えてグリセリンを使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料A)を調製した。
【0025】
また、エチレングリコールに代えてD−ソルビトール(70%)を使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料B)を調製した。
【0026】
また、エチレングリコールに代えて2−プロピン1−オールを使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料C)を調整した。
【0027】
また、エチレングリコールに代えてメタノールを使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料D)を調整した。
【0028】
さらに、エチレングリコールに代えて2−ブチン1,4ジオールを使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料E)を調整した。
【0029】
これらの前処理洗浄剤(試料A、B、C、D、E)を使用し、実施例1と同様にしてプリント配線板のスルーホール内へのはんだめっき、エッチングを行い、4端子法によるスルーホールの導通抵抗値を測定した。その結果、スルーホールの導通率は、
試料Aを使用した場合:100%
試料Bを使用した場合:96.7%
試料Cを使用した場合:93.3%
試料Dを使用した場合:83.3%
試料Eを使用した場合:96.7%
であり、これらの前処理洗浄剤がスルーホール内に浸透して残留気体を有効に除去することが確認された。
(実施例3)
ノニオン系界面活性剤(エマルゲン810)に代えてノニオン系界面活性剤(三洋化成工業(株)製ノニポール95)を使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料I)を調製した。
【0030】
また、ノニオン系界面活性剤(エマルゲン810)に代えてノニオン系界面活性剤(日華化学(株)製サンモールWL−3)を使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料II)を調製した。
【0031】
また、ノニオン系界面活性剤(エマルゲン810)に代えてアニオン系界面活性剤(花王(株)製ペレックスSS−H)を使用した他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料III)を調製した。
【0032】
さらに、ノニオン系界面活性剤(エマルゲン810)に代えてアニオン系界面活性剤(n−ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム)を使用し含有量を0.2重量%とした他は、実施例1の試料1と同様に前処理洗浄剤(試料IV)を調製した。
【0033】
これらの前処理洗浄剤(試料I、II、III、 IV)を使用し、実施例1と同様にしてプリント配線板のスルーホール内へのはんだめっき、エッチングを行い、4端子法によるスルーホールの導通抵抗値を測定した。その結果、スルーホールの導通率は、
試料Iを使用した場合:96.7%
試料IIを使用した場合:56.7%
試料III を使用した場合:90.0%
試料IVを使用した場合:80.0%
であり、これらの前処理洗浄剤がスルーホール内に浸透して残留気体を有効に除去することが確認された。
【0034】
【発明の作用および効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明によれば酸として無機酸および有機酸のなかの1種または2種以上の酸、界面活性剤としてノニオン系界面活性剤およびアニオン系界面活性剤のなかの1種または2種以上の界面活性剤、および、アルコールとを少なくとも含有する前処理洗浄剤とするので、例えば、高アスペクト比のプリント基板の小径スルーホールに対しても、従来の酸性の前処理洗浄剤に比べて本発明の前処理洗浄剤は優れた浸透性を発揮し、スルーホール内の残留気体を有効に除去することが可能であり、これにより、従来から用いられている減圧、揺動、ショッキング(衝撃)等の残留気体除去手段を併用することによって、めっきによるスルーホールの導通において発生する欠陥を著しく低減することができる。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a pretreatment cleaning agent used for pretreatment of plating in a through hole or the like of a printed board.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Usually, the printed circuit board has a laminated structure in which copper thin films are formed on both surfaces of a non-conductive base material, and the base material surface is exposed in the through hole. As an example of wiring formation on such a printed circuit board and conduction in a through hole, the following processes are performed. First, a catalytic metal nucleus such as palladium is provided in advance, a copper thin film is formed including the inside of the through hole by electroless plating, and then a thick copper film is formed by electrolytic copper plating. The formation of this copper film may be performed only by electroless plating without performing electrolytic copper plating. Next, after laminating a photosensitive dry film, exposing and developing, and forming a plating resist layer on the copper film in the reverse pattern of the desired wiring pattern, a copper plating pattern is formed on the exposed copper film by electrolytic copper plating. Form. Next, after forming a protective layer on the copper plating pattern by solder plating or the like, the resist layer is peeled and removed, and the copper film at the portion where the copper plating pattern is not formed is removed by etching.
[0003]
However, when gas remains in the through hole, the deposition of the solder plating on the copper film in the through hole is inhibited, and a non-protection layer is formed. The copper coating dissolves and voids are generated, resulting in defects in conduction. If any of the above-described defects occurs in one of the plurality of through holes provided in the printed board, the printed board becomes unusable. Therefore, removal of gas in the through hole is extremely important.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, as means for removing gas in the through hole, means such as decompression, swinging, shocking (impact) are used, but the through hole is reduced in diameter and the aspect ratio (substrate thickness: through hole diameter) is increased. As the density increases, it is difficult to remove the gas in the through hole. For this reason, in addition to the above gas removing means, a method of chemically removing the gas remaining in the through hole in pretreatment such as degreasing has been adopted. By the way, since the above-mentioned resist layer is generally an alkali development type, the pretreatment cleaning agent to be used is limited to a neutral or acidic one. However, conventionally used neutral or acidic pretreatment detergents have a problem that the penetration into small through-holes is low and gas removal from the through-holes cannot be sufficiently performed.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and has excellent penetration into a through hole having a small diameter and a high aspect ratio of a printed circuit board, and can significantly reduce the occurrence of defects in the through hole due to plating. An object of the present invention is to provide a pretreatment cleaning agent for plating.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a pretreatment cleaning agent for printed circuit board plating containing a through hole, wherein one or more acids among inorganic acids and organic acids are added in an amount of 0.01 to It is contained in the range of 16% by weight, contains one or more surfactants of nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight, and contains 0 % alcohol . It was set as the structure which is the aqueous solution contained in 0.01 to 10weight% of a range .
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an optimal embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0011]
The acid contained in the pretreatment cleaning agent of the present invention is one or a combination of two or more inorganic acids and organic acids. As the inorganic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like can be used, and as the organic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, methanesulfonic acid and the like can be used. The content of such an acid can be appropriately set according to the acid used within a range of 0.01 to 16% by weight. If the acid content is less than 0.01% by weight, depending on the surfactant used in combination, the resist residue removal ability and the degreasing power on the substrate surface may be reduced, and further, the acid content may be reduced before the inside of the small diameter through hole. It may cause a decrease in the permeability of the treated detergent. On the other hand, if it exceeds 16% by weight, the attack on the resist becomes strong and the adhesion between the resist and the base (for example, copper coating) decreases, and further improvement in permeability cannot be expected, resulting in an increase in cost. It is not preferable.
[0012]
Moreover, the surfactant contained in the pretreatment detergent of the present invention is one or a combination of two or more of a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant. As the nonionic surfactant, conventionally known nonionic surfactants can be used. For example, Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. Nonipol 95, Kao Co., Ltd. Emulgen 810, Nikka Chemical Co., Ltd. Sun Mall WL-3 and the like. Moreover, conventionally well-known anionic surfactant can be used as an anionic surfactant, For example, Kao Co., Ltd. product PELEX SS-H, sodium n-dodecyl sulfate, etc. can be mentioned. The content of such a surfactant can be appropriately set in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight according to the surfactant to be used. When the surfactant content is less than 0.01% by weight, the degreasing power and detergency of the pretreatment detergent are insufficient, and when it exceeds 5% by weight, further effects due to addition of the surfactant are obtained. Is undesired, resulting in an increase in cost and, depending on the surfactant used, may not completely dissolve.
[0013]
Furthermore, the alcohol contained in the pretreatment detergent of the present invention is one or a combination of two or more of saturated and unsaturated alcohols. Examples of the saturated alcohol include monovalent saturated alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and propanol, and polyvalent saturated alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, D-sorbitol and xylit. Examples of the unsaturated alcohol include monovalent unsaturated alcohols such as 2-propyne 1-ol and polyvalent unsaturated alcohols such as 2-butyne 1,4 diol. The content of such alcohol can be appropriately set in the range of 0.01 to 10% by weight according to the alcohol used. When the alcohol content is less than 0.01% by weight, the permeability of the pretreatment detergent into the through hole having a small diameter (for example, 0.3 mm) and a high aspect ratio (10 or more) decreases, If it exceeds%, a further effect cannot be expected and the cost increases, which is not preferable.
[0014]
As the solvent for containing the acid, surfactant and alcohol as described above to form the pretreatment detergent of the present invention, water is preferable, and general tap water or pure water can be used.
[0015]
The bath temperature in the pretreatment step of the electrolytic copper plating to the through-hole or the like using the pretreatment detergent of the present invention can be appropriately set within a range of 20 to 60 ° C. and an immersion time of 2 to 10 minutes. However, although not practical, there is no problem in the performance as a pretreatment cleaning liquid even with an immersion time exceeding 10 minutes. By such pre-treatment, cleaning such as degreasing is performed, and the pre-treatment washing liquid penetrates into the through hole, and the remaining gas can be effectively removed.
[0016]
【Example】
Next, an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated further in detail.
(Example 1)
(1) Production of test substrate First, a through-hole (hole diameter: 0.3 mm) was formed in a glass-epoxy base double-sided copper-clad laminate (FR-4 manufactured by Matsushita Electric Works Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 3.2 mm. 14 through holes were formed in one row, and 30 rows were formed in total. Next, electroless copper plating and electrolytic copper plating (panel plating) were performed to form a copper coating (thickness 25 μm). Thereafter, a dry film photoresist (DFR manufactured by Morton International Co., Ltd.) was laminated on the copper coating, exposed and developed, and a copper coating other than the circuit portion was coated with a resist layer to obtain a test substrate.
(2) Preparation of pretreatment detergent Pretreatment detergents (sample 1 to sample 11) were prepared by containing the following components in water as a solvent. However, the content A (wt%) of sulfuric acid, the content B (wt%) of the nonionic surfactant, and the content C (wt%) of ethylene glycol were as shown in Table 1 below.
[0017]
Composition of pretreatment detergent・ 98% purified sulfuric acid… A Weight%
・ Nonionic surfactant: B wt%
(Polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether)
(Emulgen 810 manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ Ethylene glycol C weight%
For comparison, a conventional acidic pretreatment detergent (Comparative Sample 1) in which the following components were contained in water as a solvent was prepared.
[0018]
Composition of conventional pretreatment detergents・ Organic acid (formic acid): 2.5% by weight
-Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 3400) ... 1.0% by weight
(3) Evaluation of pretreatment detergent Each pretreatment detergent prepared as described above was evaluated as follows.
[0019]
First, pretreatment was performed by immersing the test substrate in a pretreatment detergent bath maintained at 45 ° C. for 5 minutes. In this pretreatment step, the residual gas in the through hole is removed according to the permeability of each pretreatment detergent to the through hole of the test substrate, and the result appears in the conductivity described later. Incidentally, in order to confirm the effect of removing the residual gas only by the pretreatment cleaning agent, the conventional gas removal operation such as rocking was not performed at all in the pretreatment step and the subsequent step.
[0020]
Next, after washing with water, using a solder plating bath containing the following components in water as a solvent, solder plating is performed on the exposed copper film including the copper film in the through hole to form a protective layer did. In this case, the bath temperature was 25 ° C., the current density was 2 A / dm 2 , and the plating time was 12 minutes.
[0021]
Solder plating bath composition / metal tin: 16 g / l
・ Metallic lead: 11g / l
・ Free acid: 210ml / l
Next, after cleaning, the test substrate was immersed in a 3% sodium hydroxide bath (25 ° C.) for 1 minute or longer to peel off the resist layer and clean it. Next, the test substrate was immersed in an etching solution containing the following components in water as a solvent to etch the copper film. In this case, the temperature of the etching solution was 50 ° C., the pH was 8.3 (at 20 ° C.), the etching time was 1 minute, and the etching rate was 35 μm / min.
[0022]
Etching solution composition , copper: 140 g / l
・ Chlorine: 160 g / l
・ Total ammonia: 9.0N
Next, the conduction resistance value of the through-hole is measured by the four-terminal method, and the row where the conduction resistance value is overloaded is regarded as the occurrence of disconnection or void in the through-hole. Lines without disconnection / 30 lines) × 100) were calculated and shown in Table 1 below.
[0023]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003673357
As shown in Table 1, the sulfuric acid content is in the range of 0.01 to 16% by weight, the nonionic surfactant content is in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight, and the ethylene glycol content is 0.1. When pretreatment detergents (samples 1 to 7) in the range of 01 to 10% by weight were used, all had a conductivity of 50% or more, and these pretreatment detergents penetrated into the through holes. It was confirmed that the residual gas was effectively removed. Samples 8 and 9 have a conductivity of 100% in the through-hole, but sample 8 has insufficient ability to remove resist residues and degreasing power on the substrate surface, and sample 9 has a strong attack on the resist. As a result, the adhesion between the resist and the copper coating deteriorated, and both of them could not be put to practical use.
[0024]
On the other hand, when the conventional acidic pretreatment detergent (Comparative Sample 1) is used, the conductivity is extremely low at 33.3%, and it is confirmed that the residual gas removal action in the pretreatment is hardly obtained. It was done.
(Example 2)
A pretreatment detergent (Sample A) was prepared in the same manner as Sample 1 of Example 1 except that glycerin was used instead of ethylene glycol.
[0025]
Further, a pretreatment detergent (Sample B) was prepared in the same manner as Sample 1 of Example 1 except that D-sorbitol (70%) was used instead of ethylene glycol.
[0026]
Further, a pretreatment detergent (sample C) was prepared in the same manner as sample 1 of Example 1 except that 2-propyn-1-ol was used instead of ethylene glycol.
[0027]
Further, a pretreatment cleaning agent (sample D) was prepared in the same manner as sample 1 of Example 1 except that methanol was used instead of ethylene glycol.
[0028]
Further, a pretreatment detergent (sample E) was prepared in the same manner as sample 1 of Example 1 except that 2-butyne 1,4 diol was used instead of ethylene glycol.
[0029]
Using these pretreatment cleaners (samples A, B, C, D, E), solder plating and etching into the through-holes of the printed wiring board were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and through-through by the 4-terminal method The conduction resistance value of the hole was measured. As a result, the through hole conductivity is
When sample A is used: 100%
When sample B is used: 96.7%
When sample C is used: 93.3%
When sample D is used: 83.3%
When sample E is used: 96.7%
It was confirmed that these pretreatment detergents penetrated into the through holes and effectively removed the residual gas.
(Example 3)
A pretreatment detergent (Sample I) was used in the same manner as Sample 1 of Example 1 except that a nonionic surfactant (Nonipol 95 manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of the nonionic surfactant (Emulgen 810). ) Was prepared.
[0030]
Moreover, it pre-processed similarly to the sample 1 of Example 1 except having replaced with the nonionic surfactant (Emulgen 810), and using the nonionic surfactant (Nikka Chemical Co., Ltd. sunmol WL-3). A cleaning agent (Sample II) was prepared.
[0031]
In addition, a pretreatment detergent (Example 1) was used except that an anionic surfactant (PEX SS-H manufactured by Kao Corporation) was used instead of the nonionic surfactant (Emulgen 810). Sample III) was prepared.
[0032]
Further, the same as Sample 1 of Example 1 except that an anionic surfactant (sodium n-dodecyl sulfate) was used instead of the nonionic surfactant (Emulgen 810) and the content was 0.2 wt%. A pretreatment detergent (sample IV) was prepared.
[0033]
Using these pretreatment cleaners (Samples I, II, III, and IV), solder plating and etching into the through-holes of the printed wiring board were performed in the same manner as in Example 1, and through-holes were formed by the 4-terminal method. The conduction resistance value was measured. As a result, the through hole conductivity is
When sample I is used: 96.7%
When using Sample II: 56.7%
When sample III is used: 90.0%
When using sample IV: 80.0%
It was confirmed that these pretreatment detergents penetrated into the through holes and effectively removed the residual gas.
[0034]
Operation and effect of the invention
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, one or more acids among inorganic acids and organic acids as acids and one of nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants as surfactants are used. Since it is a pretreatment cleaning agent containing at least a seed or two or more surfactants and an alcohol, for example, a conventional acidic pretreatment cleaning is performed even for small-diameter through-holes in a high aspect ratio printed circuit board. Compared to the agent, the pretreatment detergent of the present invention exhibits excellent permeability and can effectively remove the residual gas in the through hole. By using residual gas removal means such as shocking (impact) in combination, defects generated in conduction of through-holes by plating can be significantly reduced.

Claims (1)

スルーホールを含むプリント基板めっき用の前処理洗浄剤において、
無機酸および有機酸のなかの1種または2種以上の酸を0.01〜16重量%の範囲で含有し、ノニオン系界面活性剤およびアニオン系界面活性剤のなかの1種または2種以上の界面活性剤を0.01〜5重量%の範囲で含有し、アルコールを0.01〜10重量%の範囲で含有する水溶液であることを特徴とするめっき用の前処理洗浄剤。
In the pretreatment cleaning agent for printed circuit board plating including through holes,
1 type or 2 or more types of acids in inorganic acid and organic acid are contained in 0.01-16 weight% , 1 type or 2 or more types in nonionic surfactant and anionic surfactant A pretreatment cleaning agent for plating, which is an aqueous solution containing 0.01 to 5% by weight of the surfactant and 0.01 to 10% by weight of alcohol.
JP02726097A 1997-01-27 1997-01-27 Pretreatment cleaner for plating Expired - Lifetime JP3673357B2 (en)

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JP6264900B2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2018-01-24 日立化成株式会社 RESIST PATTERN MANUFACTURING METHOD, WIRING PATTERN MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND WIRING BOARD
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KR102631465B1 (en) 2021-09-08 2024-01-31 쑤저우 온탭 프리시젼 일렉트로닉 컴퍼니 리미티드 Method for preparing heat dissipation component with high flexibility made of graphite or graphene material

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