JP3665150B2 - Freezing method of food - Google Patents

Freezing method of food Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3665150B2
JP3665150B2 JP23271396A JP23271396A JP3665150B2 JP 3665150 B2 JP3665150 B2 JP 3665150B2 JP 23271396 A JP23271396 A JP 23271396A JP 23271396 A JP23271396 A JP 23271396A JP 3665150 B2 JP3665150 B2 JP 3665150B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
food
cooling
freezing
pair
breads
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JP23271396A
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JPH1075706A (en
Inventor
孝男 折井
学 佐藤
康正 大木
雅美 清水
勝 坂田
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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  • Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、食品の凍結方法に関する。更に詳しくは、パン類等の多孔性含水小麦粉食品を冷凍する際の改良技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、食生活が洋風化しパン類の消費量が増加するに従って、一度焼成したパン類を冷凍保存し、販売店や外食産業店で電子レンジ等を用いて加熱し、消費者に供給することが増えてきている。
この種の冷凍パンに求められる性能として、保存性や食感があり、従来より、添加剤等を配合する方法を始めとして各種方法が提案されている。
一方、パン類等の多孔性含水小麦粉食品は、比較的、重量に比べて嵩高く、流通、保存に際し、場所をとるという問題がある。このような問題は、上記の如き、近年のパン類の消費量が増加したことに伴い、コスト的にも重大なものとなってきているが、従来、かかる問題の解決を図る提案はなされていない。
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決し、パン類等の多孔性含水小麦粉食品の流通、保管における経費削減を図ると共に、販売店、外食産業店、家庭において、何時でも焼き立てに近い味を有するパン類等の多孔性含水小麦粉食品を提供するべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、パン類等の多孔性含水小麦粉食品を一旦焼成等の手段により製造した後、嵩を減少させ、保存後、再加熱により嵩を復元させる技術に着目し、加熱処理後に嵩を減少させた多孔性含水小麦粉食品であって、再加熱により嵩が復元する特徴を有する多孔性含水小麦粉食品、並びに加熱処理した多孔性含水小麦粉食品の嵩を減少させる工程を含む多孔性含水小麦粉食品の製造方法に関する発明を完成し、特許出願するに至った(特願平7−53925号)。
このような冷凍パンは、一般に従来の冷凍技術である冷却板または冷却ベルト等の冷却治具を用い、一対の冷却治具で挟み凍結することにより製造することが考えられる。しかしながら、このような方法による場合、凍結後のパンが両側の冷却治具にランダムに付着し、その後の製品の処理が煩雑となるという問題がある。特に、冷凍と圧縮を同時に行う場合、その加圧力により、付着の問題が顕著である。
【0003】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、かかる技術について研究を進めた結果、食品を一対の冷却治具で挟み凍結するに際して、一対の冷却治具として、相互に剥離性が異なる表面状態を有する冷却治具を用いることにより、製品を一方の側(剥離性の劣る側)に選択的に付着せしめることができ、その後の製品の処理(例えば冷却治具から取外し、包装工程に送る)が極めて容易になることを見出し、本発明を完成したものである。
即ち本発明は、食品を一対の冷却治具で挟み圧縮・凍結するに際して、一対の冷却治具として、相互に剥離性が異なる表面状態を有するアルミ、ステンレス製の冷却板またはスチール製の冷却ベルトを用いることを特徴とする食品の凍結方法である。
【0004】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
次に、図面を参照して本発明の方法及び装置を詳細に説明する。図1は、上下一対の冷却板で食品を挟み凍結・圧縮する例を示す図である。
図1の場合、上側の冷却板1を剥離性の良い物で構成し、下側の冷却板2を剥離性の劣る物で構成しているので、凍結後に上側の冷却板1をはずした時、食品3は全て下側の冷却板2に付着する。尚、作業性から見て、一般的には食品を下側の冷却板に付着させるが、場合によっては逆に上側の冷却板を剥離性の劣る物とし、下側の冷却板を剥離性の良い物とし、上側の冷却板に付着させることも可能である。
【0005】
ここで、冷却板の材質としては、一般的にアルミ、ステンレス等が用いられており、本発明ではこれらを剥離性の劣る物として使用することができる。尚、アルミの場合は耐蝕性の点からアルマイト処理(陽極酸化皮膜処理)したものを用いるのが望ましい。
一方、剥離性の良い冷却板は、上記アルミ、ステンレス等の冷却板表面にフッ素樹脂等をコーティングすることにより得られる。
フッ素樹脂としては、PTFE(4フッ化エチレン樹脂)、PFA(4フッ化エチレン・パーフルオロプロピルビニルエーテル共重合体)、ETFE(エチレン・4フッ化エチレン共重合体)、PVdF(2フッ化ビニリデン樹脂)、FEP(4フッ化エチレン・6フッ化プロピレン共重合体)等を挙げることができる。又、上記の様なフッ素樹脂でも材質が異なると剥離性が異なり、この差を利用することもできる。
更に、同一の材質であっても、一方の側の表面を他方の表面より均質にしたり又は粗化することにより、表面粗さに差をつけ、これにより剥離性に差をつけた一対の冷却板を用いても同様の効果が得られる。
【0006】
尚、図2に示すように、冷却板の一方側に水滴4を付着させておき、その水の凍結により一方側に食品を付着させることもできる。水滴としては、水のみでも良いし、糖、塩、アルコール、界面活性剤等の可食性物質を含む水溶液を用いても良い。
【0007】
凍結は、冷却板そのものに温度低下機能を持たせることにより凍結させることも可能であり、又、冷却板で圧縮保持した食品をそのままの状態で冷凍庫に入れることにより凍結させることも可能である。
【0008】
図3は、上下一対の冷却ベルト5、6で食品3を挟み凍結・圧縮する例を示す図である。
図3の場合の基本的な考え方は、図1と同様である。
使用する冷却ベルトとしては、市販のスチールベルト等が挙げられ。同様に一方のベルト表面をコーティングすること等により(図3の場合は上側のベルト5)、剥離性に差をつける。
【0009】
尚、本発明で言う多孔性含水小麦粉食品とは、小麦粉食品の内、比較的含水率が高く、且つ比較的内部空間容積の大きな食品である。ここで、比較的含水率が高いとは、一般的には含水率10%以上、また、比較的内部空間容積が大きいとは、一般的には空間容積10%以上のものを指す。より具体的には、食パン、コッペパン、ロールパン、クロワッサン、アンパン等の菓子パン等のパン類;スポンジケーキ、パウンドケーキ、ホットケーキ等のケーキ類;中華マン等のマンジュウ類;ドーナツ、パイ、カステラ等の菓子類等が挙げられる。同種の小麦粉食品であっても、クッキー、ビスケット等の比較的含水率が低く、且つ比較的内部空間容積の少ないものは、殆ど嵩の復元力がなく、本発明の対象からは除かれる。
尚、本発明の多孔性含水小麦粉食品は、小麦粉を主成分とし、大麦、ライ麦、トウモロコシ粉、澱粉、卵、油脂、砂糖、乳成分、香料、乳化剤その他を含有するものであり、組成的には特に限定されるものではない。
又、上記多孔性含水小麦粉食品は、焼く、揚げる、蒸す等の加熱処理により半製品または製品となるものである。ここで、パン類を例にとれば、一般的には、一旦焼成し、製品としたものについて、後記の如き処理が施されるが、場合によっては、最初の段階では半焼成の状態にしておき、嵩の復元のための再加熱の際に同時に完全に焼成し、製品とする形でもよい。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明する。
実施例1
下記するように各成分を配合し、混ねつ後、28℃で40分醗酵、40gに分割、ベンチタイムを15分とった後、成型し、37℃、湿度85%で30分ホイロ後焼成し、ロールパンを製造した。ロールパンの比容積は5.10(cm3/g)、高さは5(cm)であった。
ロールパンの配合
強力粉 100.0 重量部
イースト 2.0 〃
イーストフード 0.1 〃
砂糖 8.0 〃
食塩 1.8 〃
脱脂粉乳 3.0 〃
ショートニング 5.0 〃
モノグリセリド 0.3 〃
水 60.0 〃
得られたロールパンを−20℃の条件で冷却し、18時間保存した。その後、室温条件下で12個のロールパンを、図1の如く、上側圧縮板としてPTFEコートしたアルミ板、下側圧縮板としてアルマイト処理したアルミ板に、等間隔(4×3列)ではさんで、ロールパンの高さが1.25(cm)(初期高さの1/4)となるまで5秒(圧縮速度 7.5(mm/秒))で圧縮し、その状態で直ちに(圧縮後3分以内に)−40℃の冷凍庫に入れ、1時間保存し完全に凍結させた。その後、圧縮状態を開放して圧縮板へのパンの付着を見たところ、上側圧縮板への付着は0であった。
【0011】
実施例2
上側圧縮板としてPFAコートしたアルミ板を用いた以外は実施例1と同じ操作を行った。その結果、上側圧縮板への付着は0であった。
【0012】
比較例1
上側圧縮板も下側圧縮板もアルマイト処理したアルミ板を用いた以外は実施例1と同じ操作を行った。その結果、上側圧縮板への付着が3個あった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 上下一対の冷却板で食品を挟み凍結・圧縮する例を示す図である。
【図2】 上下一対の冷却板で食品を挟み凍結・圧縮する別の例を示す図である。
【図3】 上下一対の冷却ベルトで食品を挟み凍結・圧縮する例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1、2…冷却板
3…食品
4…水滴
5、6…冷却ベルト
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for freezing food. More specifically, the present invention relates to an improved technique for freezing porous water-containing wheat flour foods such as breads.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, as the eating habits have become westernized and the consumption of bread has increased, bread that has been once baked can be stored frozen, heated in a store or restaurant industry store using a microwave oven, and supplied to consumers. It is increasing.
The performance required for this type of frozen bread is storability and texture, and various methods have been proposed, including a method of blending additives and the like.
On the other hand, porous water-containing wheat flour foods such as breads are relatively bulky compared to their weight, and have a problem of taking up space for distribution and storage. Such problems have become serious in terms of cost as the consumption of breads in recent years has increased as described above. However, there have been proposals for solving such problems. Absent.
The inventors of the present invention have solved the above-mentioned problems, aiming to reduce costs in the distribution and storage of porous hydrous flour foods such as breads, and at a store, restaurant industry store, and home, always have a taste close to freshly baked. As a result of intensive studies to provide porous water-containing wheat flour foods such as breads, the porous water-containing wheat flour foods such as breads are once manufactured by means such as baking, then reduced in volume, stored again, Paying attention to the technology to restore the bulk by heating, the porous hydrous wheat flour food whose volume has been reduced after the heat treatment, the porous hydrous flour food having the characteristics that the bulk is restored by reheating, and the heat-treated porous product An invention relating to a method for producing a porous water-containing wheat flour food comprising a step of reducing the volume of the water-containing wheat flour food has been completed, and a patent application has been filed (Japanese Patent Application No. 7-53925).
Such a frozen bread can be manufactured by using a cooling jig such as a cooling plate or a cooling belt, which is a conventional freezing technique, and sandwiching and freezing between a pair of cooling jigs. However, according to such a method, there is a problem that the frozen bread randomly adheres to the cooling jigs on both sides and the subsequent product processing becomes complicated. In particular, when freezing and compression are performed simultaneously, the problem of adhesion is significant due to the applied pressure.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of advancing research on such technology, the present inventors use a cooling jig having a surface state with different peelability as a pair of cooling jigs when the food is sandwiched between a pair of cooling jigs and frozen. The product can be selectively attached to one side (the side with poor peelability), and the subsequent processing of the product (for example, removal from the cooling jig and sending it to the packaging process) becomes extremely easy. The title and the present invention have been completed.
In other words, the present invention provides a pair of cooling jigs that are sandwiched between a pair of cooling jigs and compressed / frozen. As a pair of cooling jigs, aluminum, stainless steel cooling plates or steel cooling belts having different surface states from each other are used. A method for freezing food, characterized in that
[0004]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The method and apparatus of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example in which food is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower cooling plates and frozen / compressed.
In the case of FIG. 1, the upper cooling plate 1 is made of a material having good peelability, and the lower cooling plate 2 is made of a material having poor peelability, so that the upper cooling plate 1 is removed after freezing. All the foods 3 adhere to the lower cooling plate 2. From the viewpoint of workability, food is generally adhered to the lower cooling plate. However, in some cases, the upper cooling plate may be inferior in peelability and the lower cooling plate may be peelable. It is possible to make it a good product and attach it to the upper cooling plate.
[0005]
Here, as the material of the cooling plate, aluminum, stainless steel or the like is generally used, and in the present invention, these can be used as a material having poor peelability. In the case of aluminum, it is desirable to use alumite treated (anodized film treated) from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance.
On the other hand, a cooling plate with good peelability can be obtained by coating a fluororesin or the like on the surface of the cooling plate such as aluminum or stainless steel.
Fluororesin includes PTFE (tetrafluoroethylene resin), PFA (tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoropropyl vinyl ether copolymer), ETFE (ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), PVdF (vinylidene difluoride resin) ), FEP (tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer), and the like. Further, even with the fluororesin as described above, if the material is different, the peelability is different, and this difference can be utilized.
Furthermore, even with the same material, by making the surface of one side more uniform or roughened than the other surface, a difference is made in the surface roughness, thereby making a pair of cooling with different peelability. The same effect can be obtained even if a plate is used.
[0006]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the water droplet 4 can be made to adhere to one side of a cooling plate, and a foodstuff can also be made to adhere to one side by the freezing of the water. As the water droplets, water alone may be used, or an aqueous solution containing edible substances such as sugar, salt, alcohol, and surfactant may be used.
[0007]
Freezing can be performed by providing the cooling plate itself with a temperature lowering function, or by freezing the food compressed and held by the cooling plate as it is.
[0008]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the food 3 is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower cooling belts 5 and 6 and frozen and compressed.
The basic concept in the case of FIG. 3 is the same as that of FIG.
A commercially available steel belt etc. are mentioned as a cooling belt to be used. Similarly, by coating one belt surface or the like (in the case of FIG. 3, the upper belt 5), the peelability is made different.
[0009]
The porous hydrated wheat flour food referred to in the present invention is a food having a relatively high moisture content and a relatively large internal space volume among flour foods. Here, a relatively high water content generally means a water content of 10% or more, and a relatively large internal space volume generally means a material having a space volume of 10% or more. More specifically, breads such as breads, cupe breads, roll breads, croissants, anpans and other sweet breads; cakes such as sponge cakes, pound cakes and hot cakes; manjus such as Chinese mans; Examples include confectionery. Even if it is the same kind of flour food, those having a relatively low water content such as cookies and biscuits and having a relatively small internal space volume have almost no bulk restoring force and are excluded from the object of the present invention.
The porous water-containing wheat flour food of the present invention contains wheat flour as a main component, and contains barley, rye, corn flour, starch, egg, fat, sugar, milk components, fragrance, emulsifier, etc. Is not particularly limited.
The porous water-containing wheat flour food product is a semi-finished product or product by heat treatment such as baking, frying or steaming. Here, taking breads as an example, in general, once baked and made into a product, the following treatment is applied. Alternatively, it may be completely fired at the same time during reheating for restoring the bulk to form a product.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
Example 1
After mixing and mixing each component as described below, fermentation at 28 ° C for 40 minutes, dividing into 40 g, taking a bench time of 15 minutes, molding, baking at 37 ° C and 85% humidity for 30 minutes Roll rolls were produced. The specific volume of the roll pan was 5.10 (cm 3 / g) and the height was 5 (cm).
Rolled bread mix 100.0 parts by weight yeast 2.0
East food 0.1 〃
Sugar 8.0 〃
Salt 1.8 〃
Skim milk powder 3.0 〃
Shortening 5.0 〃
Monoglyceride 0.3 〃
Water 60.0 〃
The obtained bread roll was cooled at −20 ° C. and stored for 18 hours. Then, twelve roll pans at room temperature are sandwiched between PTFE-coated aluminum plate as the upper compression plate and anodized aluminum plate as the lower compression plate at equal intervals (4 × 3 rows) as shown in FIG. Compressed in 5 seconds (compression speed 7.5 (mm / second)) until the height of the roll is 1.25 cm (1/4 of the initial height), and immediately in that state (within 3 minutes after compression) Placed in a −40 ° C. freezer and stored for 1 hour to completely freeze. Thereafter, when the compressed state was released and the adhesion of the bread to the compression plate was observed, the adhesion to the upper compression plate was zero.
[0011]
Example 2
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that a PFA-coated aluminum plate was used as the upper compression plate. As a result, adhesion to the upper compression plate was zero.
[0012]
Comparative Example 1
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that an anodized aluminum plate was used for both the upper compression plate and the lower compression plate. As a result, there were three adhesions to the upper compression plate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example in which food is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower cooling plates and frozen / compressed.
FIG. 2 is a view showing another example in which food is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower cooling plates and frozen / compressed.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example in which food is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower cooling belts and frozen and compressed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2 ... Cooling plate 3 ... Food 4 ... Water drops 5, 6 ... Cooling belt

Claims (3)

食品を一対の冷却治具で挟み圧縮・凍結するに際して、一対の冷却治具として、相互に剥離性が異なる表面状態を有するアルミ、ステンレス製の冷却板またはスチール製の冷却ベルトを用いることを特徴とする食品の凍結方法。When a food is sandwiched between a pair of cooling jigs and compressed and frozen, aluminum, stainless steel cooling plates or steel cooling belts having different surface states are used as the pair of cooling jigs. Food freezing method. 食品が多孔性含水小麦粉食品である請求項1記載の食品の凍結方法。  2. The method for freezing food according to claim 1, wherein the food is a porous water-containing flour food. 多孔性含水小麦粉食品がパン類である請求項2記載の食品の凍結方法。  The method for freezing food according to claim 2, wherein the porous hydrous wheat food is breads.
JP23271396A 1996-09-03 1996-09-03 Freezing method of food Expired - Fee Related JP3665150B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23271396A JP3665150B2 (en) 1996-09-03 1996-09-03 Freezing method of food

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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH1075706A JPH1075706A (en) 1998-03-24
JP3665150B2 true JP3665150B2 (en) 2005-06-29

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