JP3664361B2 - Method of burying steel pipe support piles - Google Patents

Method of burying steel pipe support piles Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3664361B2
JP3664361B2 JP21761398A JP21761398A JP3664361B2 JP 3664361 B2 JP3664361 B2 JP 3664361B2 JP 21761398 A JP21761398 A JP 21761398A JP 21761398 A JP21761398 A JP 21761398A JP 3664361 B2 JP3664361 B2 JP 3664361B2
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pile
steel pipe
support
diameter
ground
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JP2000045274A (en
Inventor
健二 西海
雅敬 木下
滋樹 寺崎
裕章 羽上田
嘉孝 矢野
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、土木建築構造物を構築する場合において、埋め込み杭工法またはソイルセメント工法を採用して地盤に支持杭を埋設する場合に適用される、鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば、埋め込杭工法で施工された支持杭の先端支持力を向上させるには、支持杭の先端部の径を拡大することが有効であるとの知見があり、従来から、
1)杭先端に取り付けた袋体に、これらに地上からモルタル等を圧入して拡張させ拡大 根固め部を形成する方法(特開昭63−181811号公報等)
2)杭先端のみに軸部より大きな径を有する拡大先端シューを取り付けた方法
3)杭先端から杭径の2倍〜4倍程度の範囲において、軸部より大きな径を有する既製 杭を地盤支持層に埋め込む方法
などが知られている。
【0003】
上記1)の方法では、先端部の径拡大部の形状の確認が地中のためできないことや、形状に起因した径拡大部の耐力にばらつきが生じやすいことなど、品質保証に難点があった。また、2)、3)の方法では、予め先端部を地上にて加工するため、先端部構造の品質保証上の問題はないが、以下に示すように、大きな支持力が得られないという難点があった。
杭先端部の地盤の支持層に埋め込まれた部分の耐力は、杭先端が地盤を押す支圧力により、地盤に伝達される力と、杭の支持層に埋め込まれた部分の表面から地盤に伝達される力により成り立つ。
【0004】
上記の方法では、杭の周面から地盤に伝達される力は、杭表面と地盤の間の摩擦力による。
すなわち、杭先端に先端拡大シューを取り付ける2)の方法は、杭先端部の面積を拡大し、先端が地盤を押す支圧力により地盤に伝達される力を増加させることを狙ったものである。また、軸部より大きな径を有する既製杭を地盤支持層に埋め込む3)の方法は、先端が地盤を押す支圧力により地盤に伝達される力の増加に加えて、杭の周面の表面積をも大きくすることで、杭周面から摩擦力により地盤に伝わる力の増大をも図ったものである。
しかしながら、上記の各構造では、杭の周面と地盤との間の力の伝達は、摩擦力により伝達され、その力が小さいため、大きな支持力が得られないという難点があった。
【0005】
杭周面から地盤に伝わる力の増大を図った方法としては、支圧用の突起が鋼管杭の先端に溶接されたもの(特公平1−25848号公報、実開平2−50429号公報)等が考案されているが、いずれも複雑な鋼材の加工や溶接作業を必要とするため、コストがかかるという問題があった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、上記の既存の支持杭の先端構造の難点を解決でき、地盤の支持層に埋設される支持杭周面から地盤に伝達される力を増大させることで、大きな支持力を発揮させることができる、支持杭の埋設施工方法と、支持杭を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための本発明の要旨は、下記(1)〜()に示す通りである。
) 埋め込み杭工法またはソイルセメント工法により、地盤中に鋼管製支持杭を埋設施工する際に、予め、地盤の支持層に埋没させるスリットの無い鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域の所定の部分を、該鋼管製支持杭内部に拡径ブロックを有する複数の油圧シリンダーが該鋼管製支持杭の径方向に配置され且つ進退機構を備えた拡径装置を挿入し、内部から局部拡径して外周に突起部または拡径部と突起部を形成しておき、この支持杭を立孔に挿入して前記先端部領域を地盤の支持層の根固め部に埋没させ、根固め部に注入の根固め液を固化させて地盤の支持層に固定することを特徴とする鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法。
【0008】
前記根固め部に注入の根固め液を固化させて地盤の支持層に固定するとともに、この支持杭の内部にコンクリートなどの充填固化材を充填して固化させることを特徴とする前記(1)記載の鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法。
前記鋼管製支持杭を内部から局部拡径の後、該鋼管製支持杭の内部にコンクリート内張りまたは充填し、その後、該支持杭を立孔に挿入することを特徴とする前記(1)または(2)に記載の鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法
前記鋼管製支持杭が、内面と外面のいずれか一方または双方にスパイラル状または横縞状の突条を有することを特徴とする前記(1)〜(3)のいずれか1項に記載の鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法
管製支持杭。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、埋め込み杭工法またはソイルセメント工法により、支持杭の先端部を地盤の支持層に埋設施工する場合に適用される鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法である
【0010】
本発明では、埋め込み杭工法またはソイルセメント工法により、支持杭の先端部を地盤の支持層に埋設施工する場合に、予め、支持層に埋設する支持杭の先端部領域の外周に突起部または拡径部を形成しておき、この支持杭を立孔に挿入して、該先端部領域を地盤の支持層の根固め部に埋没させ、根固め部に注入の根固液を固化させて固定するものであり、主として支持杭の軸方向の荷重に対して周面摩擦力を増大させることにより、杭周面からの反力を増大させ、先端部の反力と合わせて全体として支持層での地盤の生じる圧力球根を大きくして、支持杭による支持力を強化するものである。
【0011】
本発明で用いる支持杭は鋼管製支持杭であり、地盤の支持層に埋設する支持杭の先端部領域の外周に形成する突起部または拡径部を有するものである。
【0012】
(1)突起部
突起部としては、周方向に連続する一条または複数条の断面が半円状のリング状の突条(節形状の突起部)や螺旋状の突条、周方向に不連続的にして配設される複数条の断面半円状の突条、あるいは、独立して配設される複数の半球状の突起等を用いることができる。
【0013】
この突起部の形成方法としては、鋼管製支持杭の場合では、内部に拡径機構を挿入・配置し、所定部分を拡径する方法を用いることができる。この突起部の高さは外径の5%以上にすることが好ましい。ただし、突起部の高さが高すぎると、支持杭を埋設するための孔径を大きくする必要があり、孔の掘削コスト負担が大きくなる。
また、突起部は内部から拡径して形成されるため、突起部の厚みがそれだけ薄くなり強度が低下する。
【0014】
これらのことも考慮すると、この突起部の高さは、最大でも支持杭の外径の35%程度に押さえることが好ましい。
突起部は、拡径して形成する場合に厚みが薄くなり強度が低下するので、少なくともこの突起部を形成した先端部領域の内部に、コンクリートを内張り、または充填・固化させて補強することが有効である。
【0015】
(2)拡径部
拡径部は、地盤支持層に埋設する支持杭の先端部領域に形成するものであり、この拡径部は、地盤支持層にすっぽり埋没させるものであり、その外径を上部領域の支持杭の外径より大きくして、先端部領域で軸方向の荷重に対する支圧力を強化するものである。この拡径部には、突起部を形成して、拡径部効果と突起部効果を同時に得ることが有効である。
【0016】
この拡径部の形成方法としては、先端部領域とその上部領域を径の異なる鋼管で構成し、先端部領域の鋼管の径を上部領域の鋼管の径より大きい径にし、この上下の鋼管をリング状の円板を介して、または上部領域の鋼管の下部を拡管して、溶接により接続して先端部領域に拡径部を形成することができる。または、鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域を内部から拡径することによっても拡径部を形成することができる。
【0017】
この鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域の拡径部に突起部を形成する場合、先端部領域を構成する鋼管として予め突起を形成した鋼管(例えば縞鋼板を曲げ加工して溶接した鋼管)を用いたり、先端部領域を内部から局部的に拡径することによって、突起を形成することができる。
なお、鋼管製支持杭として、内面と外面のいずれか一方または双方にスパイラル状または横縞状の突起を有するものを用いてもよく、この支持杭の先端部領域に上記の拡径部形成方法を選択して、先端部領域に拡径部と突起部を形成してもよい。
【0018】
本発明では、突起部を形成した杭の先端部領域を地盤の支持層へ埋設することにより、突起部が支持層を押すため、杭先端と同様に支圧力による伝達が行われるため、杭周面より地盤に伝達される力が増大して、杭の支持力を向上させることができる。このことを発明者らは、有限要素法による数値解析により確認した。
【0019】
鋼管製支持杭の場合では、予め鋼管杭内に強度などについて品質管理された円筒型のコンクリート等の固化体を内張りしたり、固化体を充填することにより、鋼管のみの場合のような杭体の耐力低下を確実に防ぐことができる。
鋼管製支持杭単独の場合には、一般に、突起部を有する鋼管の軸方向耐力は、突起部のない鋼管に比べて小さいが、鋼管内部にも充満する根固め液が固結することで、耐力低下が押さえられる
さらに、地盤の支持層に埋設される先端部領域の外径を、その上部領域の外径より大きくすることによっても、支持杭先端の支持力を向上することができ、この拡径部に突起部を形成することによって、支持杭先端の支持力を一段と向上させることができる。
【0020】
上記した本発明による支持杭は、埋め込み杭工法の他、ソイルセメント工法において建て込む支持杭としても適用することができる。
また、内面と外面のいずれか一方または双方にスパイラル状または横縞状の突起を有するものを用いれば、鋼管表面の摩擦による力の伝達をも向上させることができ、地盤の支持層に埋設される先端部領域を拡径させれば、支持杭先端の支持力を一段と向上させることもできる。
【0021】
【実施例】
本発明による支持杭の実施例について、図面に基づいて説明する。
は、本発明による鋼管製支持杭の先端部構造例を示したものである。この例での鋼管製支持杭16は、地盤の支持層に形成した根固め部2に埋没される先端部領域の外周に、周方向に連続する断面半円径形のリング状の突起部17を軸方向に4列配設したものである。
【0022】
は、本発明による鋼管製支持杭の先端部構造例を示したものである。この例での鋼管製支持杭18は、地盤の支持層に形成される根固め部2に埋没される先端部領域の外周に、周方向に不連続の独立した半球状の多数の突起部19を千鳥状に配設したものである。
【0023】
は、本発明による鋼管製支持杭の先端部構造例を示したものである。この例での鋼管製支持杭20は、地盤の支持層に形成した根固め部2に埋没される先端部領域の外周に、周方向に連続する断面半円径形のリング状の突起部21を軸方向に4列配設し、内部にコンクリート22を充填したものである。
【0024】
は、本発明による鋼管製支持杭の他の先端部構造例を示したものである。この例での鋼管製支持杭23は、地盤の支持層に形成する根固め部2に埋没される先端部領域に拡径部24を形成し、その外周に、周方向に連続する断面半円径形のリング状の突起部25を軸方向に4列配設し、内部にコンクリート26を内張したものである。
【0025】
なお、本発明の支持杭は、上記の各例に限定されるものではない。この支持杭の構造条件は、地盤条件、支持構造物条件、荷重条件、要求される支持圧条件、埋設施工条件等に応じて、上記請求項を満足する範囲内で適宜変更し得るものである。
【0026】
前記図1〜図4に示した鋼管製支持杭16、18、20、23の突起部および拡径部は、例えば図に示すように、鋼管27内に挿入して鋼管を拡径する拡径機構28と、この拡径機構の進退機構29を備えた拡径装置30によって形成することができる。
【0027】
この拡径装置30の拡径機構28は、より具体的には、図および図に示すように、油圧室31と受圧板32よりなる放射状に配置された、6つのシリンダー33a〜33fと、各シリンダーの受圧板32に連結されたロッド34の先端部にそれぞれ連結された6つの拡径ブロック35a〜35fからなり、油圧室31にホース36を介して油を圧送することにより、受圧板32を半径方向に押し出し、受圧板32に連結されたロッド34を介して各拡径ブロック35a〜35fを半径方向に移動させることによって、その外径を拡径することができる。
【0028】
この6つの拡径ブロック35a〜35fの拡径によって、鋼管27の内面に強力な拡径力を作用させ、鋼管27を局部拡径することができ、進退機構29により拡径領域(位置)を調整することができる。
拡径機構28による拡径部の形状は、拡径ブロック35a〜35fの外面形状によって決まる。この例では、拡径ブロック35a〜35fの外面形状は、形成する突起部や拡径部条件に応じて選択すればよい。
【0029】
ここでは、図に示すような、周方向に連続する断面半円形のリング状の突起部(突条)17を形成できる形状になっており、図に示すように軸方向に4列形成する場合には、ここでは進退機構29で拡径機構28の軸方向の位置を変えて、4回の拡径動作を行えばよい。
なお、拡径ブロック35a〜35fを鋼管の軸方向に2列〜3列配置することによって、拡径機構による拡径動作の回数を減らすことができる。
【0030】
本発明による支持杭の埋設施工方法(手順)を、埋め込み杭工法を適用する場合を例として、図の(1)〜(5)に基づき説明する。
この例は、地盤の支持層に形成する根固め部に埋没させる先端部領域を拡径し、この拡径部24の外周に、周方向に連続する断面半円径形のリング状の突起部25を軸方向に4列配設した、前記図4に示す内部にコンクリートを内張26した鋼管製支持杭23を使用した例で示している。
【0031】
(1)地盤aに掘削装置37で孔38を穿孔する。
(2)大掘削装置39でこの孔38を拡大しながら地盤aの支持層asに、この拡大孔40より大径の根固め部2を形成する。
(3)拡大孔40に根固め液41、周囲固め液42を注入する。
(4)拡大孔40に支持杭23を挿入する。
(5)拡径部24と突起部25を形成した支持杭23の先端部領域を、根固め部2の根固め液41中に埋没するように位置させ、周囲固め液42、根固め液41を養生・固化させる。
【0032】
このようにして、図に示すように、鋼管製支持杭23の先端部領域に形成した、外周に突起25を形成した拡径部24を、地盤の支持層asに形成した根固め部2に埋没させ、固化した根固め液41を介して固定することができ、拡径部24と突起25の効果で、この鋼管製支持杭23における支持力を強化することができる。
なお、ここでは予めコンクリートを内張(26)した鋼管製支持杭23を用いたが、鋼管製単独の支持杭であっても同様にして埋設施工することができる。
【0033】
上記の埋設施工方法は、埋め込み杭工法について説明したが、ソイルセメント工法を用いて、支持杭の先端部領域を、根固め部において根固め液で固化して固定する埋設施工方法での適用も可能である。
なお、本発明の埋設施工方法は、上記の例に限定されるものではない。使用する支持杭の構造条件、施工手順等は、地盤条件、支持構造物条件、荷重条件、要求される支持圧条件、埋設施工条件等に応じて、上記請求項を満足する範囲内で適宜変更し得るものである。
【0034】
[実験例]
本発明による支持杭例での支持力について、数値解析に基づいて評価実験を行った。
この評価実験で用いられた鋼管製支持杭例を図10に縦断面図で示し、その評価結果を図11に示した。この評価実験では、先端から2000mmを地盤の支持層に埋設する先端部領域として、この領域での形状条件の異なる4種の鋼管製支持杭を用いた。
【0035】
10において、(a)は800mm径を有する杭例を示す。(b)には、800mm径で、先端部のみを1000mmに拡径した断面台形のリング状の突起部を一つ有する杭例を示す。(c)は、800mm径で、支持層に埋設する先端部領域を全長さにわたり、1000mmに拡径した杭例を示す。(d)は本発明の杭例であり、800mm径で、支持層に埋設する先端部領域に、1000mmに拡径し断面台形のリング状の突起部を4個形成した杭例を示す先端構造を示す。
11は、上記の4つの先端部形状(寸法)の異なる杭の評価結果を示したものであり、ここでは、杭に加わる垂直荷重と、杭の沈下変位の関係を有限要素モデルを用いて解析した結果で評価する。
【0036】
各杭における荷重と沈下変位の関係について、以下に簡単に説明する。
800mm径で、先端部のみを1000mmに拡径した突起部を一つ有する図10(b)の杭の場合(b)や、支持層に埋設する先端部領域を全長さにわたり1000mmに拡径した図10(c)の杭の場合(c)は、800mm径を有する図10(a)の杭の場合(a)よりも同じ荷重を載荷したときの沈下変位が小さく、杭としての支持力機能が優れていることがわかる。
【0037】
しかし、さらに800mm径で、支持層に埋設する先端部領域に、1000mmに拡径した断面台形のリング状の突起部を4個形成した図10(d)の本発明の杭の場合(d)は、800mm径で先端部を1000mmに拡径し断面台形のリング状の突起部を一つ形成した図10(b)の杭の場合(b)や、支持層に埋設する先端部領域の全長さ1000mmを拡径した図10(c)の杭の場合(c)よりも同じ荷重を載荷したときの沈下変位が明らかに小さく、杭としての支持力機能が最も優れていることがわかった。
【0038】
なお、図10(c)の支持杭の場合で、拡径部を支持層に形成した根固め部内に完全に埋没させ、根固め液で固定した場合には、段差効果により支持力機能を向上させることができることがわかった。したがって、図10(c)の支持杭で、本発明を適用して拡径部の外周に突起部を形成して、支持層に形成した根固め部内に完全に埋没させれば、図10(c)の支持杭よりさらに支持力機能を向上させることができることもわかった。
【0039】
鋼管製支持杭の単独の場合では、強度面では同様とはいえない場合もあるが、同様の形状のものは、拡径部を支持層に形成した根固め部内に完全に埋没させ、根固め液で固定することを条件とすれば、支持力は同様に評価できることも別途確認されている。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、埋め込み杭工法またはソイルセメント工法により、地盤の支持層に埋設施工する場合に、支持層に埋設する支持杭の先端部領域に突起部や拡径部を形成するものであり、杭先端部の周面部の支圧力を増大させることにより、従来の先端部の杭周面部に突起部のない杭に比較し、杭先端部の圧力球根を増大させることができ、次のような優れた効果を得ることができる。
【0041】
杭先端部領域の外径を実質的に拡大させることができるので、大きな鉛直支持力を得ることができる。そのため、一本当たりの鉛直支持力を増大させることができるので、
a.杭体材料強度を限界一杯まで使用できる経済設計ができる、
b.杭体に高強度材が使用できるので、杭体の材料費を低減できる、
c.杭体の施工本数を削減できるので、施工費を低減できる、
など杭体施工工事を大幅に削減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図】 本発明の鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域の構造例を示す一部断面側面説明図。
【図】 本発明の鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域の他の構造例を示す一部断面側面説明図。
【図】 本発明の鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域の他の構造例を示す一部断面側面説明図。
【図】 本発明の鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域の他の構造例を示す一部断面側面説明図。
【図】 本発明で鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域に拡径部や突起部を形成するために用いる拡径装置の一部断面側面説明図。
【図】 図における拡径機構の構造例を示す一部断面側面説明図。
【図】 図のAa−Ab矢視一部切欠断面説明図。
【図】 本発明による支持杭の埋設施工例(手順例)を示す側断面説明図。
【図】 図における支持杭の先端部領域の拡大説明図。
【図10】 本発明の実験例で用いた支持杭の先端部領域の形状例を示す側断面説明図。
【図11】 図10に示した各支持杭における荷重と沈下量との関係を、有限要素モデルを用いて解析した結果を示す説明図。
【符号の説明】
2:根固め部 a:地盤
as:支持層 16:鋼管製支持杭
17:突起部(突条) 18:鋼管製支持杭
19:突起部 20:鋼管製支持杭
21:突起部(突条) 22:コンクリート
23:鋼管製支持杭 24:拡径部
25:突起部(突条) 26:コンクリート
27:鋼管 28:拡径機構
29:退機構 30:拡径装置
31:油圧室 32:受圧板
33a〜33f:油圧シリンダー 34:ロッド
35a〜35f:拡径ブロック 36:油圧ホース
37:掘削装置 38:孔
39:大掘削装置 40:拡大孔
41:根固め液 42:周囲固め液
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a steel pipe support pile embedding method applied when a support pile is embedded in the ground by adopting an embedded pile method or a soil cement method when constructing a civil engineering building structure. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in order to improve the tip support force of the support pile constructed by the embedded pile method, there is knowledge that it is effective to enlarge the diameter of the tip of the support pile,
1) A method of forming a squeezed portion by expanding mortar or the like into the bag attached to the tip of the pile from the ground and expanding it (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-181811, etc.)
2) A method in which an enlarged tip shoe having a larger diameter than the shaft portion is attached only to the pile tip. 3) A pre-made pile having a larger diameter than the shaft portion is supported in the ground within a range of about 2 to 4 times the pile diameter from the pile tip. A method of embedding in a layer is known.
[0003]
In the method of 1), there is a problem in quality assurance, such as the fact that the shape of the enlarged diameter portion at the tip cannot be confirmed because it is underground, and the proof stress of the enlarged diameter portion tends to vary due to the shape. . Further, in the methods 2) and 3), since the tip portion is previously processed on the ground, there is no problem in quality assurance of the tip portion structure. However, as shown below, it is difficult to obtain a large supporting force. was there.
The strength of the portion embedded in the support layer of the ground at the tip of the pile is transmitted to the ground from the surface of the portion embedded in the support layer of the pile and the force transmitted to the ground due to the support pressure that the tip of the pile presses the ground It depends on the power that is applied.
[0004]
In the above method, the force transmitted from the peripheral surface of the pile to the ground is due to the frictional force between the pile surface and the ground.
That is, the method 2) of attaching the tip enlargement shoe to the tip of the pile aims to increase the force transmitted to the ground by expanding the area of the tip of the pile and the supporting pressure at which the tip pushes the ground. Moreover, the method of 3) embedding a prefabricated pile having a larger diameter than the shaft part in the ground support layer increases the surface area of the peripheral surface of the pile in addition to the increase in the force transmitted to the ground by the support pressure of the tip pushing the ground. This also increases the force transmitted to the ground by the frictional force from the pile circumference.
However, in each of the above structures, transmission of force between the peripheral surface of the pile and the ground is transmitted by frictional force, and since the force is small, there is a problem that a large support force cannot be obtained.
[0005]
As a method of increasing the force transmitted from the pile peripheral surface to the ground, a method in which a support projection is welded to the tip of a steel pipe pile (Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-28484, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-50429), etc. Although it has been devised, there is a problem in that all of them require complicated steel processing and welding work, which is costly.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the tip structure of the existing support pile, and increase the force transmitted from the peripheral surface of the support pile embedded in the support layer of the ground to the ground. The object is to provide a support pile embedding method and a support pile that can be exhibited.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is as shown in the following (1) to ( 4 ).
( 1 ) When embedding construction of steel pipe support piles in the ground using the embedded pile construction method or soil cement construction method, a predetermined portion of the tip region of the steel pipe support pile without slits embedded in the ground support layer in advance A plurality of hydraulic cylinders having a diameter expansion block inside the steel pipe support pile are arranged in the radial direction of the steel pipe support pile and a diameter expansion device having an advancing / retreating mechanism is inserted to locally expand the diameter from the inside. protrusion or enlarged diameter portion on the outer periphery and the previously formed protrusions, the supporting pile is inserted into Tatsuana to obscure the tip region to the root consolidated portion of the support layer of the ground, injecting the root hardened portion A method for embedding steel pipe support piles, characterized by solidifying the root hardening liquid and fixing it to the support layer of the ground.
[0008]
( 2 ) The above-mentioned root-solidifying portion is solidified by injecting root-solidifying liquid and fixed to the support layer of the ground, and the inside of the support pile is filled with a solidifying material such as concrete and solidified. (1) A method for burying a steel pipe support pile according to (1).
(3) After the local diameter of the steel pipe bearing pile from the inside, concrete and the lining or filling the interior of the steel pipe made support piles, then above, wherein the inserting the supporting pile Tatsuana ( The method for burying steel pipe support piles according to 1) or (2) .
(4) The steel pipe support piles, according to any one of the characterized by having a spiral or horizontal stripe-like lip on one or both of the inner and outer surfaces (1) to (3) buried construction methods of steel pipe support piles.
Pipe support pile.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a steel pipe support pile embedding method applied when the tip portion of a support pile is embedded in a ground support layer by a buried pile method or a soil cement method.
[0010]
In the present invention, when the tip of the support pile is embedded in the ground support layer by the embedded pile method or the soil cement method, a protrusion or an extension is previously formed on the outer periphery of the tip region of the support pile embedded in the support layer. Form a diameter part, insert this support pile into a vertical hole, bury the tip end area in the root consolidation part of the support layer of the ground, and solidify and fix the root solids liquid injected into the root consolidation part By increasing the peripheral friction force mainly against the axial load of the support pile, the reaction force from the pile peripheral surface is increased and combined with the reaction force at the tip, the support layer as a whole The pressure bulb generated by the ground is increased to enhance the support force by the support pile .
[0011]
Bearing pile for use in the present invention is a steel pipe bearing pile, and has a protrusion or enlarged diameter portion formed on the outer periphery of the tip region of the supporting piles embedded in the supporting layer of the ground.
[0012]
(1) Protruding part As the protruding part, one or a plurality of continuous strips in the circumferential direction are semicircular ring-shaped ridges (node-shaped projections), spiral ridges, and discontinuous in the circumferential direction. Thus, a plurality of strips having a semicircular cross section, or a plurality of hemispherical projections disposed independently can be used.
[0013]
As a method of forming the protrusion, in the case of a steel pipe support pile , a method of inserting and arranging a diameter expansion mechanism therein to expand a predetermined portion can be used. The height of the projection is preferably 5% or more of the outer diameter . However, if the height of the protrusion is too high, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the hole for embedding the support pile, and the cost of excavating the hole increases.
In addition, since the protrusion is formed with an enlarged diameter from the inside, the thickness of the protrusion is reduced accordingly and the strength is reduced.
[0014]
Considering these points, it is preferable that the height of the protrusions be suppressed to about 35% of the outer diameter of the support pile at the maximum.
When the protrusion is formed with an enlarged diameter, the thickness is reduced and the strength is reduced. Therefore, at least the tip region where the protrusion is formed can be reinforced with concrete lining or filled and solidified. It is valid.
[0015]
(2) Diameter expansion part The diameter expansion part is formed at the tip end region of the support pile embedded in the ground support layer, and this diameter expansion part is completely buried in the ground support layer, and its outer diameter Is made larger than the outer diameter of the support pile in the upper region, and the bearing pressure against the axial load is strengthened in the tip region. It is effective to form a protrusion on the enlarged diameter portion to obtain the enlarged diameter effect and the protrusion effect at the same time.
[0016]
As a method of forming this enlarged diameter portion , the tip region and the upper region are formed of steel pipes having different diameters, the diameter of the steel tube in the tip region is made larger than the diameter of the upper region steel pipe, and the upper and lower steel pipes are A diameter-enlarged portion can be formed in the tip end region by expanding the steel pipe in the upper region through a ring-shaped disk or by connecting by welding. Or a diameter-expanded part can be formed also by expanding the front-end | tip part area | region of a steel pipe support pile from the inside.
[0017]
When a protrusion is formed on the diameter-expanded portion of the tip region of this steel pipe support pile, a steel pipe (for example, a steel pipe that is bent and welded with a striped steel plate) is used as the steel pipe constituting the tip region. Alternatively, the protrusion can be formed by locally expanding the tip region from the inside.
In addition, as a steel pipe support pile, you may use what has a spiral-like or a horizontal stripe-like protrusion in either one or both of an inner surface and an outer surface, and the above-mentioned enlarged-diameter part formation method is used for the tip part field of this support pile. Optionally, the enlarged diameter portion and the protruding portion may be formed in the tip end region.
[0018]
In the present invention, since the tip portion of the pile in which the protrusion is formed is embedded in the support layer of the ground, the protrusion pushes the support layer. The force transmitted from the surface to the ground is increased, and the support force of the pile can be improved. The inventors confirmed this by numerical analysis by the finite element method.
[0019]
In the case of steel pipe support piles, the pile body is the same as the case of only steel pipes by lining or filling solidified bodies such as cylindrical concrete whose quality is controlled in advance in the steel pipe piles. It is possible to reliably prevent a decrease in proof stress.
In the case of a steel pipe support pile alone , in general, the axial strength of a steel pipe having a protrusion is smaller than that of a steel pipe without a protrusion, but the solidification liquid that fills the inside of the steel pipe is consolidated, Yield reduction is suppressed .
Furthermore, by increasing the outer diameter of the tip region embedded in the ground support layer to be larger than the outer diameter of the upper region, it is possible to improve the support force of the support pile tip, and project the protrusion on the expanded diameter portion. By forming the portion, the support force at the tip of the support pile can be further improved.
[0020]
The above-described support pile according to the present invention can be applied as a support pile built in a soil cement method in addition to the embedded pile method.
In addition, if one having both spiral and horizontal stripes on one or both of the inner and outer surfaces is used, it is possible to improve the transmission of force due to friction on the surface of the steel pipe, and it is embedded in the ground support layer. If the diameter of the tip region is increased, the support force at the tip of the support pile can be further improved.
[0021]
【Example】
An embodiment of a support pile according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the structure of the tip of a steel pipe support pile according to the present invention. The steel pipe support pile 16 in this example is a ring-shaped protrusion 17 having a semicircular cross-section that is continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the tip region embedded in the root consolidation portion 2 formed in the support layer of the ground. Are arranged in four rows in the axial direction.
[0022]
FIG. 2 shows an example of the structure of the tip of a steel pipe support pile according to the present invention. The steel pipe support pile 18 in this example has a large number of independent hemispherical protrusions 19 which are discontinuous in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the tip region embedded in the root consolidation portion 2 formed in the support layer of the ground. Are arranged in a zigzag pattern.
[0023]
FIG. 3 shows an example of the structure of the tip of a steel pipe support pile according to the present invention. The steel pipe support pile 20 in this example is a ring-shaped protrusion 21 having a semicircular cross section that is continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the tip end region embedded in the root consolidation portion 2 formed in the support layer of the ground. Are arranged in four rows in the axial direction and filled with concrete 22 inside.
[0024]
FIG. 4 shows another example of the structure of the tip of the steel pipe support pile according to the present invention. The steel pipe support pile 23 in this example is formed with a diameter-expanded portion 24 in a tip end region embedded in the root-solidified portion 2 formed in the support layer of the ground, and a semicircular cross section continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery thereof. Four rows of radial ring-shaped protrusions 25 are arranged in the axial direction, and concrete 26 is lined inside.
[0025]
In addition, the support pile of this invention is not limited to said each example. The structural conditions of this support pile can be changed as appropriate within the range that satisfies the above claims, depending on the ground conditions, support structure conditions, load conditions, required support pressure conditions, burial conditions, etc. .
[0026]
Projections and enlarged diameter portion of the steel pipe support piles 16,18,20,23 shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, expanding the diameter of the steel pipe is inserted into the steel pipe 27 It can be formed by a diameter expansion device 30 provided with a diameter mechanism 28 and an advance / retreat mechanism 29 of the diameter expansion mechanism.
[0027]
More specifically, the diameter expansion mechanism 28 of the diameter expansion device 30 includes, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , six cylinders 33 a to 33 f that are arranged radially from the hydraulic chamber 31 and the pressure receiving plate 32. The pressure receiving plate comprises six diameter-expanded blocks 35a to 35f respectively connected to the tip of the rod 34 connected to the pressure receiving plate 32 of each cylinder, and pumps oil through the hose 36 to the hydraulic chamber 31. The outer diameter can be expanded by extruding 32 in the radial direction and moving each of the diameter-enlarged blocks 35a to 35f in the radial direction via the rod 34 connected to the pressure receiving plate 32.
[0028]
Due to the diameter expansion of the six diameter expansion blocks 35 a to 35 f, a strong diameter expansion force can be applied to the inner surface of the steel pipe 27 to locally expand the diameter of the steel pipe 27. Can be adjusted.
The shape of the expanded portion by the expanded diameter mechanism 28 is determined by the outer surface shape of the expanded diameter blocks 35a to 35f. In this example, the outer surface shapes of the diameter-enlarged blocks 35a to 35f may be selected according to the protrusions to be formed and the diameter-enlarged part conditions.
[0029]
Here, as shown in FIG. 1, and a shape that can be formed semicircular cross-section of the ring-shaped projection portion (projection) 17 which circumferentially continuous, four rows formed in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 1 In this case, here, the advancing / retreating mechanism 29 may change the position of the diameter expanding mechanism 28 in the axial direction and perform the diameter expanding operation four times.
In addition, the frequency | count of the diameter-expansion operation | movement by a diameter-expansion mechanism can be reduced by arrange | positioning the diameter-expansion blocks 35a-35f by 2 rows-3 rows in the axial direction of a steel pipe.
[0030]
Buried construction method of supporting pile according to the invention (steps), as an example the case of applying the embedded Pile, in FIG. 8 (1) - on the basis of (5) will be described.
In this example, the diameter of the tip region embedded in the rooting portion formed in the support layer of the ground is expanded, and a ring-shaped protrusion having a semicircular sectional shape continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the expanded diameter portion 24. 25 were four rows arranged in the axial direction, are shown in the example of using the 4 steel pipe support piles 23 which concrete lining 26 therein are shown in.
[0031]
(1) A hole 38 is drilled in the ground a with the excavator 37.
(2) While the hole 38 is enlarged by the large excavator 39, the root consolidation part 2 having a larger diameter than the enlarged hole 40 is formed in the support layer as of the ground a.
(3) The root hardening liquid 41 and the surrounding hardening liquid 42 are injected into the enlarged hole 40.
(4) Insert the support pile 23 into the enlarged hole 40.
(5) The tip end region of the support pile 23 in which the enlarged diameter portion 24 and the protrusion 25 are formed is positioned so as to be buried in the root hardening liquid 41 of the root hardening portion 2, and the surrounding solidification liquid 42 and the root hardening liquid 41. Curing and solidifying.
[0032]
In this way, as shown in FIG. 8 , the enlarged portion 24 formed on the outer periphery of the steel pile support pile 23 and having the protrusion 25 formed on the outer periphery is formed on the ground support layer as. It can be fixed through the root-setting liquid 41 that has been buried and solidified, and the effect of the enlarged diameter portion 24 and the projection 25 can enhance the support force in the steel pipe support pile 23 .
In addition, although the steel pipe support pile 23 which lined concrete beforehand (26) was used here, even if it is a steel pipe independent support pile, it can embed in the same way.
[0033]
Although the above-mentioned embedding method has been described with respect to the embedding pile method, it can also be applied to the embedding method in which the tip region of the supporting pile is solidified and fixed with rooting liquid in the rooting part using the soil cement method. Is possible.
In addition, the burying construction method of this invention is not limited to said example. The structural conditions, construction procedures, etc. of the supporting piles to be used are appropriately changed within the range satisfying the above claims according to the ground conditions, the support structure conditions, the load conditions, the required support pressure conditions, the buried construction conditions, etc. It is possible.
[0034]
[Experimental example]
About the supporting force in the example of a supporting pile by this invention, the evaluation experiment was done based on numerical analysis.
The steel pipe support piles examples used in this evaluation experiment shown in longitudinal sectional view in FIG. 10, showing the evaluation results in FIG. 11. In this evaluation experiment, four types of steel pipe support piles having different shape conditions in this region were used as a tip region where 2000 mm from the tip was embedded in the ground support layer.
[0035]
In FIG. 10 , (a) shows the example of a pile which has a diameter of 800 mm. (B) shows an example of a pile having one ring-shaped projection having a trapezoidal cross section with a diameter of 800 mm and a diameter of only the tip portion expanded to 1000 mm. (C) shows an example of a pile having a diameter of 800 mm and extending the tip region embedded in the support layer to 1000 mm over the entire length. (D) is an example of a pile according to the present invention, and is a tip structure showing an example of a pile having a diameter of 1000 mm and four ring-shaped projections having a trapezoidal cross section formed in the tip region embedded in the support layer with a diameter of 800 mm. Indicates.
FIG. 11 shows the evaluation results of the piles having the four tip shapes (dimensions) described above. Here, the relationship between the vertical load applied to the pile and the subsidence displacement of the pile using a finite element model is shown. Evaluate the result of analysis.
[0036]
The relationship between load and settlement displacement in each pile will be briefly described below.
In the case of the pile shown in FIG. 10 (b) having a diameter of 800 mm and having only one tip portion expanded to 1000 mm (b), or the tip region embedded in the support layer was expanded to 1000 mm over the entire length. Figure 10 If the pile (c) (c) in the case of piles 10 having a 800mm diameter (a) (a) small subsidence displacement when was also loading the same load than the supporting force functions as a pile It is understood that is superior.
[0037]
However, in the case of the pile of the present invention shown in FIG. 10 (d) in which four ring-shaped protrusions having a trapezoidal cross section having an enlarged diameter of 1000 mm are formed in the tip end region embedded in the support layer with a diameter of 800 mm (d). In the case of the pile shown in FIG. 10 (b) in which the tip is expanded to 1000mm with a diameter of 800mm and one ring-shaped protrusion having a trapezoidal cross section is formed (b), or the total length of the tip region embedded in the support layer In the case of the pile shown in FIG. 10 (c) having an enlarged diameter of 1000 mm, the subsidence displacement when the same load is loaded is clearly smaller, and it was found that the support force function as the pile is the most excellent.
[0038]
In the case of the support pile shown in FIG. 10 (c), when the enlarged diameter part is completely buried in the root consolidation part formed in the support layer and fixed with the root consolidation liquid, the support function is improved by the step effect. I found out that Accordingly, the supporting piles of FIG. 10 (c), to form a protrusion on the outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion by applying the present invention, if completely buried in root compaction portion formed in the support layer, FIG. 10 ( It was also found that the bearing capacity function can be further improved than the support pile of c).
[0039]
In the case of a steel pipe support pile alone, it may not be the same in terms of strength, but for the same shape, the enlarged diameter part is completely buried in the root consolidation part formed in the support layer, It has been separately confirmed that the supporting force can be similarly evaluated if it is fixed with a liquid.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, when embedded in the support layer of the ground by the embedded pile method or the soil cement method, a protrusion or an enlarged diameter portion is formed in the tip end region of the support pile embedded in the support layer. By increasing the bearing pressure of the peripheral surface part of the tip part, the pressure bulb at the tip part of the pile can be increased compared to a pile without a protruding part on the conventional peripheral part of the pile part. Effects can be obtained.
[0041]
Since the outer diameter of the pile tip region can be substantially enlarged, a large vertical support force can be obtained. Therefore, since the vertical support force per one can be increased,
a. Economic design that can use pile material strength to the full limit,
b. Since high strength materials can be used for the pile body, the material cost of the pile body can be reduced.
c. Since the number of piles can be reduced, construction costs can be reduced.
It can greatly reduce pile construction work .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a structural example of a tip region of a steel pipe support pile according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view showing another structural example of the tip region of the steel pipe support pile according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially sectional side view showing another structural example of the tip region of the steel pipe support pile of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partially sectional side view showing another structural example of the tip region of the steel pipe support pile of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a diameter expansion device used for forming a diameter expansion portion or a protrusion in a tip region of a steel pipe support pile according to the present invention.
6 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a structural example of the diameter expansion mechanism in FIG. 7. FIG.
7 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional explanatory view taken along arrow Aa-Ab in FIG. 8 ;
FIG. 8 is an explanatory side sectional view showing an example (procedure example) for embedding a support pile according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged explanatory view of the tip end region of the support pile in FIG. 8 ;
FIG. 10 is an explanatory side sectional view showing an example of the shape of the tip end region of the support pile used in the experimental example of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the result of analyzing the relationship between the load and the amount of settlement in each support pile shown in FIG. 10 using a finite element model.
[Explanation of symbols]
2: root consolidation part a: ground as: support layer 16: steel pipe support pile 17: protrusion (protrusion) 18: steel pipe support pile 19: protrusion 20: steel pipe support pile 21: protrusion (protrusion) 22: Concrete 23: Steel pipe support pile 24: Expanded portion 25: Projection (projection) 26: Concrete 27: Steel pipe 28: Expanding mechanism 29: Retraction mechanism 30: Expanding device 31: Hydraulic chamber 32: Pressure receiving plate 33a to 33f: Hydraulic cylinder 34: Rod 35a to 35f: Diameter expansion block 36: Hydraulic hose 37: Excavator 38: Hole 39: Large excavator 40: Expansion hole 41: Root-setting liquid 42: Ambient-solidifying liquid

Claims (4)

埋め込み杭工法またはソイルセメント工法により、地盤中に鋼管製支持杭を埋設施工する際に、予め、地盤の支持層に埋没させるスリットの無い鋼管製支持杭の先端部領域の所定の部分を、該鋼管製支持杭内部に拡径ブロックを有する複数の油圧シリンダーが該鋼管製支持杭の径方向に配置され且つ進退機構を備えた拡径装置を挿入し、内部から局部拡径して外周に突起部または拡径部と突起部を形成しておき、この支持杭を立孔に挿入して前記先端部領域を地盤の支持層の根固め部に埋没させ、根固め部に注入の根固め液を固化させて地盤の支持層に固定することを特徴とする鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法。By embedding Pile or soil cement method, when burying construction the steel tube support stakes in the ground, in advance, a predetermined portion of the tip region of the free steel pipe support piles of slits to bury the supporting layer of the ground, the A plurality of hydraulic cylinders having a diameter expansion block inside the steel pipe support pile are arranged in the radial direction of the steel pipe support pile and a diameter expansion device having an advance / retreat mechanism is inserted, and the diameter is locally expanded from the inside and protruded to the outer periphery. part or enlarged diameter portion and the previously formed protrusions, the supporting pile is inserted into Tatsuana to obscure the tip region to the root consolidated portion of the support layer of the ground, roots solidified liquid injected into the root hardened portion A method for embedding steel pipe support piles, characterized by solidifying and fixing to the support layer of the ground. 前記根固め部に注入の根固め液を固化させて地盤の支持層に固定するとともに、この支持杭の内部にコンクリートなどの充填固化材を充填して固化させることを特徴とする請求項1記載の鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法。Together with the root consolidated part to solidify the root solidified liquid injected into and fixed to the supporting layer of the ground, according to claim 1, wherein the solidified by filling the filling solidifying material such as concrete in the interior of the supporting piles Of steel pipe support piles. 前記鋼管製支持杭を内部から局部拡径の後、該鋼管製支持杭の内部にコンクリート内張りまたは充填し、その後、該支持杭を立孔に挿入することを特徴とする請求項またはに記載の鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法 After the local diameter of the steel pipe bearing pile from the inside, concrete and the lining or filling the interior of the steel pipe made support piles, then according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that inserting the support stakes Tatsuana Method for burying steel pipe support piles as described in 1. 前記鋼管製支持杭が、内面と外面のいずれか一方または双方にスパイラル状または横縞状の突条を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の鋼管製支持杭の埋設施工方法 4. The steel pipe support pile according to claim 1 , wherein the steel pipe support pile has a spiral or horizontal stripe-shaped protrusion on one or both of the inner surface and the outer surface . Buried construction method .
JP21761398A 1998-07-31 1998-07-31 Method of burying steel pipe support piles Expired - Fee Related JP3664361B2 (en)

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JP2012241501A (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-12-10 Japan Pile Corp Structural specification determining method for bored pile

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JP4599508B2 (en) * 2000-08-23 2010-12-15 三谷セキサン株式会社 Method of burying ready-made piles with protrusions and foundation pile structure in Nakabori method
JP2006132100A (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-25 Jfe Steel Kk Head-enlarged pile
JP4648488B1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2011-03-09 直江 岸 Drilling hole forming method.
JP5798376B2 (en) * 2011-05-24 2015-10-21 ジャパンパイル株式会社 Method for determining structural specifications of embedded piles
CN103233464B (en) * 2013-04-27 2015-05-20 宁波市市政设施景观建设有限公司 Manual hole digging pile and construction method thereof
CN103437350B (en) * 2013-05-24 2016-02-17 郭财宝 A kind of board-like anchoring pile of pressure-bearing and anchoring process
JP6263979B2 (en) * 2013-11-18 2018-01-24 株式会社大林組 Natural mountain reinforcement and natural mountain reinforcement structure
JP2022015199A (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-21 株式会社テノックス九州 Drilling and agitating device and construction method for soil improver using the same

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CN101932772B (en) * 2008-01-30 2012-01-04 Ext株式会社 Extended pile with a point plate formed the critical inner-hole
JP2012241501A (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-12-10 Japan Pile Corp Structural specification determining method for bored pile

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