JP3652877B2 - Mushroom artificial culture medium and mushroom artificial cultivation method using the same - Google Patents
Mushroom artificial culture medium and mushroom artificial cultivation method using the same Download PDFInfo
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、きのこの人工培養基及びそれを用いたきのこの人工栽培方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術とその課題】
従来、きのこの栽培は、くぬぎ、ぶな、及びなら等の原木を利用した、ほだ木栽培がほとんどであり、そのため、気象条件により収穫が左右されることが多いという課題があった。
【０００３】
また、最近では、ほだ木栽培用の原木切り出しのための労働力が不足していることなどによって原木の入手が困難になりつつあるという課題があった。
さらに、ほだ木栽培では栽培期間が長いこと、即ち、種菌の接種からきのこの収穫までに１年半から２年も要することにより、生産コストが相当高くつくのが実情である。
【０００４】
近年、えのきたけ、ひらたけ、なめこ、及びしいたけ等は、鋸屑に米糠を配合した培養基を用い、瓶又は箱で栽培を行う菌床人工栽培方法が確立され、一年を通して、四季に関係なく安定してきのこが収穫できるようになっている。
即ち、従来は農家での副業的性格が強く、小規模生産に頼っていたきのこ栽培が、現在では大規模専業生産が可能となり、かつ、原料が入手しやすい菌床人工栽培方法に移りつつある。
しかしながら、菌床人工栽培方法においても、きのこを大量に連続栽培するには、いまだ収率も低く、かつ、栽培期間がかなり長いため、その生産コストは安価とはいえず、今後これら生産性の改善が切望されている。
例えば、(Al2O3) X (SiO2)（ただし、式中のX は１以上の数）で示される化合物を上記の人工培養基に含有させたものや、(MgO) W (Al2O3) X (SiO2)y （ただし、式中のW は１〜３の数、X は１〜５の数、y は０〜３の数）で示される化合物を上記の人工培養基に含有させたものがあるが、充分な収率できのこを生産することができていないのが現状である（特開平 3−210126号公報、特開平 3− 58716号公報）。
【０００５】
一方、スラグをキノコ栽培の基体として用いることが提案されている（特許掲載公報第 2668061号）。
しかしながら、培養基中のスラグの含有量が20〜90％と多いことから、ｐＨ値が必要以上に上昇してしまい、必ずしもきのこの収率が向上する結果が得られないという課題があった。
【０００６】
本発明者は、きのこの人工栽培における従来の方法の課題を解決するため、誠意検討を重ねた結果、スラグを特定の粒度及び特定の割合で人工培養基中に配合することにより、きのこを高収率で栽培できることを見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は、人工培養基 100重量部中、平均粒径 100μｍ以下のスラグ粉を0.01〜15重量部含有してなるきのこの人工培養基であり、さらに、硫酸塩0.01〜15重量部を含有してなるきのこの人工培養基であり、該人工培養基を用いてなるきのこの人工栽培方法である。
【０００８】
以下、本発明をさらに詳しく説明する。
【０００９】
本発明で使用する人工培養基としては、鋸屑、もみ殻、コーンコブ、バガス、パルプ廃材、ビート粕、及びデンプン粕等の基材に、米ぬか、もろこし粉砕物、及びフスマ等の栄養源の一種又は二種以上を混合したものを使用することが可能である。
きのこの種類、栽培環境、及び条件等に応じて、基材や栄養源の種類、両者の配合割合は任意に変化するもので特に限定されるものではないが、栄養源の使用量は、鋸屑 100重量部に対して、10〜150 重量部混合したものが、きのこを高収率で得る面からより好ましい。
【００１０】
本発明で使用するスラグ粉は、高炉スラグ及び／又は製鋼スラグの粉末で、鉄鋼の製造工程で副生するものである。
高炉スラグは、主原料である鉄鉱石中の不要成分や、副原料であるコークス中の灰分などは主にSiO2やAl2O3 であり、これらが石灰石(CaO) やマグネシア(MgO) などのフラックスと溶融反応して、銑鉄１トン当たり約 300kgの高炉スラグが生成する。
この高炉スラグは、溶融スラグに高圧水を噴射して急冷、粒状化する方法によって製造される高炉水砕スラグと、溶融スラグを冷却ヤードに流して空冷又は空冷と散水との組合せによって固化冷却することによって製造される高炉徐冷スラグに分かれるが、高炉水砕スラグの方が好ましい。
製鋼スラグは、銑鉄を製鋼する際発生するものである。
銑鉄は、炭素、ケイ素、リン、及びイオウ等の鋼材として不要な成分を４〜５重量％程度含んでいるため硬くてもろいものである。
これらの成分を製鋼炉で除去して、靱性や加工性のある鋼にするのが製鋼工程であり、製鋼炉としては転炉と電気炉がある。
製鋼工程においては、銑鉄と鉄くずの主原料のほか副原料として、生石灰(CaO) 、石灰石(CaCO3) 、及びドロマイト(CaCO3・MgCO3)等が用いられ、不要成分をスラグとして捕集し溶鋼から分離する。この際生成するのが製鋼スラグであり、転炉スラグの場合、粗鋼１トン当たり約 130kg生成する。
高炉スラグの鉱物組成としては、メリライト（ゲーレナイト−アケルマナイト固溶体）、ケイ酸三石灰、及びケイ酸二石灰等があるが、特に、溶融物を急冷して得られる非晶質のものがより好ましい。
製鋼スラグの具体的な化合物としては、ケイ酸三石灰、ケイ酸二石灰、ウスタイト、ダイカルシウムフェライト、及び遊離石灰等がある。
スラグ粉は、高炉スラグ及び／又は製鋼スラグを、ボールミル、ジェット粉砕機、ローラーミル、ロッドミル、ハンマーミル、及びジョークラッシャー等により粉砕したもので、平均粒径を 100μｍ以下とすることが必要であり、50μｍ以下とすることが好ましく、10μｍ以下とすることがより好ましい。平均粒径が 100μｍを超えるときのこの収率の向上が認められない場合がある。
スラグ粉の配合量は、人工培養基 100重量部中、0.01〜15重量部が好ましく、0.1 〜５重量部がより好ましい。0.01重量部未満ではきのこが成長する時に分泌する酸性物質により、人工培養基のｐＨ値が低下してしまい、15重量部を超えるとｐＨ値が必要以上に上昇してしまい、ともにきのこの収率の向上がみられない場合がある。
【００１１】
本発明において、さらに硫酸塩を併用することにより、きのこの収率がさらに向上する。
硫酸塩としては、無水セッコウ、半水セッコウ、二水セッコウ、無水硫酸アルミニウム、６、10、16、又は18水塩等の含水硫酸アルミニウム、無水硫酸ナトリウム、７又は10水塩などの含水硫酸ナトリウム、無水硫酸マグネシウム、１、６、又は７水塩等の含水硫酸マグネシウム、無水硫酸リチウム、及び硫酸リチウム１水塩等が好ましく、特に、無水セッコウが好ましい。
硫酸塩の粒度は、少量の配合量できのこの収率が向上することから細かいほど好ましい。具体的には、平均粒径は 100μｍ以下が好ましく、50μｍ以下がより好ましく、10μｍ以下が最も好ましい。平均粒径が 100μｍを越えるときのこの収率の向上が認められない場合がある。
硫酸塩の配合量は、人工培養基 100重量部中、0.01〜15重量部が好ましく、0.1 〜５重量部がより好ましい。0.01重量部未満あるいは15重量部を超えるときのこの収率の向上がみられない場合がある。
【００１２】
本発明により、きのこを栽培するには、各々の環境や状況などに応じて任意に変えることができるので特に限定されるものではないが、通常、スラグ粉又はスラグ粉と硫酸塩を配合した人工培養基に水を加えて、人工培養基の水分含有量を50〜70重量％に調整し、必要に応じて殺菌・冷却後、菌を接種し、各々のきのこについて通常採用されている培養工程や生育条件に従って行うとよい。
例えば、ほんしめじ栽培の場合は、菌を接種した人工培養基を22〜26℃で約30日間培養後、25〜30℃で40〜50日間熟成し、菌かき後に温度14〜17℃、湿度95〜100 ％で20〜25日間育成を行って、ほんしめじを栽培し収穫する。
また、しいたけ栽培の場合は、菌を接種した人工培養基を20〜25℃で約30日間培養後、26〜30℃で40〜50日間熟成し、その後温度13〜17℃で１〜３日間低温処理し、温度17〜20℃、湿度90〜95％で約10日間発生を行ってきのこを収穫し、この際に第１回目の収穫後に再び発生にかけて第２回目の収穫を行うこともできる。
【００１３】
本発明では、前述の基材や栄養源の他にも、必要に応じて人工培養基において使用されている、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、卵殻粉末、貝殻粉末、及び消石灰等の成分を併用することができる。
【００１４】
本発明で栽培されるきのこは人工栽培できるきのこであり、例えば、えのきたけ、ひらたけ、なめこ、ぶなしめじ、まいたけ、きくらげ、さるのこしかけ、及びしいたけ等が挙げられる。
【００１５】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を示し、本発明をさらに説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【００１６】
実施例１
表１に示すスラグをボールミルで、平均粒径10μｍに粉砕した。
広葉樹鋸屑250g、針葉樹鋸屑250g、米糠500g、及び水 140mlをビニール袋に入れ充分に混合し、含水率65％の人工培養基を調製した。
調製した人工培養基 100重量部中、３重量部となるようにスラグ粉を配合混合した人工培養基250gをプラスチック製 850mlの広口瓶に圧詰めした。
広口瓶の中央に直径約１cmの穴を開け、打栓後、120 ℃で90分間殺菌した。冷却後、ひらたけの鋸屑種菌を植菌し、暗所、温度25℃、湿度55％の条件下で30日間培養し（菌まわし行程）、さらに、30日間培養を続けて熟成させた。
次に、栓を外して人工培養基の上部から約１cm菌かきして菌糸層を除いた後、水20mlを添加して充分に吸水させた。
４時間放置後、上部に残った水を取り除いて、温度15℃、湿度95％、照度20ルックスの条件下で、４日間培養して子実体原基を形成させ、さらに照度を 200ルックスに上げて、10日間培養を続け、きのこの子実体収量を測定した。結果を表２に示す。
【００１７】
＜使用材料＞
スラグ粉Ａ：高炉スラグ、新日本製鐵社製
スラグ粉Ｂ：転炉スラグ、新日本製鐵社製
スラグ粉Ｃ：電炉スラグ、日新製鋼社製
広葉樹鋸屑：ぶな材の鋸屑
針葉樹鋸屑：すぎ材の鋸屑
米糠 ：市販品
【００１８】
＜測定方法＞
コントロール対比：（スラグ粉＋硫酸塩）配合の子実体収量 (g)／（スラグ粉＋硫酸塩）無配合の子実体収量(g) ×100 （％）
【００１９】
【表１】
【表２】
表２から明らかなように、人工培養基に、スラグ粉を0.01〜15重量部の範囲内で配合することにより、ひらたけの収率が向上した。
【００２２】
実施例２
表３に示すようにスラグ粉の平均粒径を変えたこと以外は実施例１と同様に行った。なお、スラグ粉の配合量は人工培養基 100重量部中、３重量部とした。結果を表３に併記する。
【００２３】
【表３】
表３から明らかなように、スラグ粉の平均粒径が小さくなるほど、ひらたけの収率が向上した。
【００２５】
実施例３
表４に示すスラグ粉と硫酸塩を用いたこと以外は実施例１と同様に行った。結果を表４に併記する。
【００２６】
＜使用材料＞
硫酸塩ａ ：無水硫酸アルミニウム、試薬１級品、平均粒径10μｍ
硫酸塩ｂ ：硫酸アルミニウム18水塩、試薬１級品、平均粒径10μｍ
硫酸塩ｃ ：無水硫酸ナトリウム、試薬１級品、平均粒径10μｍ
硫酸塩ｄ ：無水硫酸マグネシウム、試薬１級品、平均粒径10μｍ
硫酸塩ｅ ：二水セッコウ、試薬１級品、平均粒径10μｍ
硫酸塩ｆ ：無水セッコウ、試薬１級品、平均粒径10μｍ
【００２７】
【表４】
表４から明らかなように、人工培養基にスラグ粉と硫酸塩を併用することにより、ひらたけの収率が増大した。
【００２９】
実施例４
広葉樹鋸屑350g、針葉樹鋸屑350g、米糠300g、及び水 135mlをビニール袋に入れ充分に混合し、含水率63重量％の人工培養基を調製した。
調製した人工培養基250gに、平均粒径10μｍの表５に示すスラグ粉と硫酸塩を配合混合し、プラスチック製 850ml広口瓶に圧詰めした。
各々の中央に直径約１cmの穴を開け、打栓後、120 ℃で90分間殺菌した。冷却後、ほんしめじの種菌を植菌し、温度23℃にて30日間培養後、さらに、26℃にて45日間熟成を行った。
次に、菌かきをした後、温度15℃、湿度95％の条件下で生育を行い、21日後にほんしめじを収穫した。結果を表５に併記する。
【００３０】
【表５】
表５から明らかなように、人工培養基にスラグ粉又はスラグ粉と硫酸塩を配合することにより、ほんしめじの収率が増大した。
【００３２】
実施例５
広葉樹鋸屑300g、針葉樹鋸屑300g、米糠 40g、フスマ 60g、もろこし粉砕物 30g、及び水 400mlをビニール袋に入れ充分に混合し、含水率65％の人工培養基を調製した。
調製した人工培養基250gに、表６に示す平均粒径10μｍのスラグ粉Ａと硫酸塩ｆを配合混合し、プラスチック製 850ml広口瓶に圧詰めした。
中央に直径約１cmの穴を開け、打栓後、120 ℃で90分間殺菌した。冷却後、しいたけの種菌を植菌し、温度23℃にて30日間培養後、さらに、30℃にて50日間熟成を行った。
その後、15℃で２日間低温処理した後、温度18℃、湿度95％にて育成を行った。10日間で収穫を行った後、再び生育を行い、２回目の収穫を行い、合計量をしいたけの子実体収量とした。結果を表６に併記する。
【００３３】
【表６】
表６で明らかなように、人工培養基に、スラグ粉又はスラグ粉と硫酸塩を配合することにより、しいたけの収率が増大した。
【００３５】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したとおり、本発明による栽培方法によれば、きのこを高収率で得ることが可能となった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an artificial culture medium for mushrooms and an artificial cultivation method for mushrooms using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Conventionally, the cultivation of mushrooms has mostly been cultivating cypress trees using raw wood such as kunugi, beech, and nara. Therefore, there has been a problem that the harvest is often influenced by weather conditions.
[0003]
In addition, recently, there has been a problem that it is becoming difficult to obtain raw wood due to a lack of labor for cutting out raw wood for cultivating wood.
Furthermore, in the case of cultivating wood, it takes a long time, that is, it takes about one and a half to two years from the inoculation of the inoculum to the harvest of the mushrooms.
[0004]
In recent years, enokitake, hiratake, nameko, shiitake, etc. have established a fungus bed artificial cultivation method that uses a culture medium containing sawdust and rice bran, and is cultivated in bottles or boxes, and is stable throughout the year regardless of the season. The mushrooms can be harvested.
In other words, mushroom cultivation, which used to be a farmer's sideline character and relied on small-scale production, is now shifting to a fungus bed artificial cultivation method that enables large-scale full-scale production and easy access to raw materials. .
However, even with the fungus bed artificial cultivation method, the yield is still low and the cultivation period is quite long to cultivate a large amount of mushrooms continuously. Improvement is eagerly desired.
For example, a compound represented by (Al 2 O 3 ) X (SiO 2 ) (where X is a number of 1 or more) containing the above artificial culture medium, or (MgO) W (Al 2 O 3 ) X (SiO 2 ) y (wherein W is a number of 1 to 3, X is a number of 1 to 5, and y is a number of 0 to 3) is contained in the above artificial culture medium. However, the present situation is that mushrooms cannot be produced with a sufficient yield (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 3-210126 and 3-58716).
[0005]
On the other hand, it has been proposed to use slag as a base for mushroom cultivation (Patent Publication No. 2668061).
However, since the content of slag in the culture medium is as high as 20 to 90%, the pH value rises more than necessary, and there is a problem that the result of improving the yield of mushrooms is not necessarily obtained.
[0006]
As a result of repeated sincerity studies in order to solve the problems of the conventional method in the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, the present inventor obtained high yields of mushrooms by blending slag into the artificial culture medium at a specific particle size and a specific ratio. It was found that it can be grown at a high rate, and the present invention has been completed.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is a mushroom artificial culture medium containing 0.01 to 15 parts by weight of slag powder having an average particle size of 100 μm or less in 100 parts by weight of the artificial culture medium, and further containing 0.01 to 15 parts by weight of sulfate. This is an artificial culture medium for mushrooms and a method for artificial cultivation of mushrooms using the artificial culture medium.
[0008]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0009]
Examples of the artificial culture medium used in the present invention include sawdust, rice husk, corn cob, bagasse, pulp waste, beet lees, starch lees, and other base materials such as rice bran, corn grind, and bran. It is possible to use a mixture of seeds or more.
Depending on the type of mushroom, cultivation environment, conditions, etc., the type of base material and nutrient source, and the blending ratio of both may be arbitrarily changed and are not particularly limited. What mixed 10-150 weight part with respect to 100 weight part is more preferable from the surface which obtains a mushroom with a high yield.
[0010]
The slag powder used in the present invention is a powder of blast furnace slag and / or steelmaking slag, and is produced as a by-product in the steel manufacturing process.
Blast furnace slag is mainly composed of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , such as unnecessary components in iron ore, which is the main raw material, and coke, which is a secondary raw material. These are limestone (CaO), magnesia (MgO), etc. About 300kg of blast furnace slag is produced per ton of pig iron.
This blast furnace slag is solidified and cooled by blast furnace granulated slag produced by injecting high-pressure water into the molten slag and quenching and granulating, and flowing the molten slag to a cooling yard and air cooling or a combination of air cooling and watering. However, blast furnace granulated slag is preferable.
Steelmaking slag is generated when pig iron is made.
Pig iron is hard and brittle because it contains about 4 to 5% by weight of unnecessary components such as carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur.
It is a steelmaking process to remove these components in a steelmaking furnace to make steel having toughness and workability, and there are a converter and an electric furnace as the steelmaking furnace.
In the steelmaking process, quick lime (CaO), limestone (CaCO 3 ), and dolomite (CaCO 3 / MgCO 3 ) are used as auxiliary materials in addition to the main raw materials of pig iron and iron scrap, and unnecessary components are collected as slag. Separate from molten steel. Steel slag is generated at this time, and in the case of converter slag, approximately 130 kg is generated per ton of crude steel.
The mineral composition of the blast furnace slag includes melilite (Gehlenite-Akermanite solid solution), trilime silicate, dilime silicate, and the like. In particular, an amorphous one obtained by quenching the melt is more preferable.
Specific examples of the steelmaking slag include trilime silicate, dilime silicate, wustite, dicalcium ferrite, and free lime.
Slag powder is blast furnace slag and / or steelmaking slag that has been pulverized with a ball mill, jet mill, roller mill, rod mill, hammer mill, jaw crusher, etc., and the average particle size must be 100 μm or less. 50 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less. This improvement in yield may not be observed when the average particle size exceeds 100 μm.
The blending amount of the slag powder is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by weight and more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the artificial culture medium. If the amount is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the pH value of the artificial culture medium is lowered by an acidic substance secreted when the mushrooms grow, and if it exceeds 15 parts by weight, the pH value increases more than necessary. There may be no improvement.
[0011]
In the present invention, the yield of mushrooms is further improved by further using a sulfate.
Sulfates include anhydrous gypsum, semi-hydrated gypsum, dihydrated gypsum, anhydrous aluminum sulfate, hydrous aluminum sulfate such as 6, 10, 16 or 18 hydrate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, hydrous sodium sulfate such as 7 or 10 hydrate, etc. , Anhydrous magnesium sulfate, hydrous magnesium sulfate such as 1, 6, or 7 hydrate, anhydrous lithium sulfate, lithium sulfate monohydrate, and the like are preferable, and anhydrous gypsum is particularly preferable.
The finer the particle size of the sulfate, the better this yield, since a small amount can be added. Specifically, the average particle size is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less, and most preferably 10 μm or less. This increase in yield may not be observed when the average particle size exceeds 100 μm.
The blending amount of the sulfate is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by weight and more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the artificial culture medium. This improvement in yield may not be observed when it is less than 0.01 parts by weight or more than 15 parts by weight.
[0012]
According to the present invention, cultivation of mushrooms is not particularly limited because it can be arbitrarily changed according to each environment and situation, etc., but is usually slag powder or artificially blended slag powder and sulfate Add water to the culture medium, adjust the moisture content of the artificial culture medium to 50-70% by weight, sterilize and cool as necessary, inoculate the fungus, and culture processes and growth normally used for each mushroom It is good to do according to conditions.
For example, in the case of cultivated shimeji mushrooms, the artificial culture medium inoculated with the fungus is cultured at 22-26 ° C. for about 30 days, then aged for 40-50 days at 25-30 ° C. Growing at ~ 100% for 20-25 days, cultivating and harvesting Japanese shimeji mushrooms.
In the case of Shiitake cultivation, the artificial culture medium inoculated with the fungus is cultured at 20 to 25 ° C. for about 30 days, then aged at 26 to 30 ° C. for 40 to 50 days, and then cooled to a temperature of 13 to 17 ° C. for 1 to 3 days. It can be processed and harvested for about 10 days at a temperature of 17 to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 90 to 95%. At this time, after the first harvest, the second harvest can be carried out by generating again.
[0013]
In the present invention, components such as calcium carbonate, eggshell powder, shellfish powder, and slaked lime, which are used in an artificial culture medium as necessary, can be used in addition to the aforementioned base material and nutrient source. .
[0014]
The mushrooms cultivated in the present invention are mushrooms that can be artificially cultivated, and examples thereof include enokitake mushrooms, octopus mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, bean mushrooms, maitake mushrooms, jellyfish mushrooms, and mushrooms.
[0015]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although the Example of this invention is shown and this invention is demonstrated further, this invention is not limited to these.
[0016]
Example 1
The slag shown in Table 1 was pulverized with a ball mill to an average particle size of 10 μm.
250 g of hardwood sawdust, 250 g of softwood sawdust, 500 g of rice bran, and 140 ml of water were placed in a plastic bag and mixed well to prepare an artificial culture medium having a moisture content of 65%.
In 100 parts by weight of the prepared artificial culture medium, 250 g of the artificial culture medium in which slag powder was blended and mixed so as to be 3 parts by weight was packed in a plastic 850 ml wide-mouth bottle.
A hole with a diameter of about 1 cm was made in the center of the wide-mouthed bottle, sterilized at 120 ° C. for 90 minutes. After cooling, inoculum of scallop sawdust was inoculated and cultured for 30 days in a dark place, at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 55% (fungus turning process), and further cultured for 30 days for aging.
Next, the stopper was removed, and about 1 cm of bacteria was scraped from the top of the artificial culture medium to remove the mycelium layer, and then 20 ml of water was added to sufficiently absorb water.
After standing for 4 hours, remove the water remaining in the upper part and incubate for 4 days under the conditions of temperature 15 ° C, humidity 95%, illuminance 20 lux to form fruit body primordia, and further increase the illuminance to 200 lux Then, the cultivation was continued for 10 days, and the fruit body yield of the mushroom was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0017]
<Materials used>
Slag powder A: Blast furnace slag, Nippon Steel Corporation slag powder B: Converter slag, Nippon Steel Corporation slag powder C: Electric furnace slag, Nisshin Steel Corporation hardwood sawdust: Sawdust of beech conifer coniferous sawdust: Too Sawdust rice bran of wood: Commercial product [0018]
<Measurement method>
Control contrast: Fruit body yield (g) with (slag powder + sulfate) / Fruit body yield (g) without (slag powder + sulfate) x 100 (%)
[0019]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
As is clear from Table 2, the yield of octopus was improved by adding slag powder to the artificial culture medium in the range of 0.01 to 15 parts by weight.
[0022]
Example 2
As shown in Table 3, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the average particle size of the slag powder was changed. In addition, the compounding quantity of slag powder was 3 weight part in 100 weight part of artificial culture media. The results are also shown in Table 3.
[0023]
[Table 3]
As is apparent from Table 3, the yield of octopus was improved as the average particle size of the slag powder was reduced.
[0025]
Example 3
It carried out similarly to Example 1 except having used the slag powder and sulfate shown in Table 4. The results are also shown in Table 4.
[0026]
<Materials used>
Sulfate a: anhydrous aluminum sulfate, reagent grade 1, average particle size 10 μm
Sulfate b: Aluminum sulfate 18 hydrate, reagent grade 1, average particle size 10μm
Sulfate c: anhydrous sodium sulfate, reagent grade 1, average particle size 10 μm
Sulfate d: anhydrous magnesium sulfate, reagent grade 1, average particle size 10 μm
Sulfate e: dihydrate gypsum, grade 1 reagent, average particle size 10 μm
Sulfate f: anhydrous gypsum, grade 1 reagent, average particle size 10 μm
[0027]
[Table 4]
As is clear from Table 4, the use of slag powder and sulfate in the artificial culture medium increased the yield of octopus.
[0029]
Example 4
350 g of hardwood sawdust, 350 g of coniferous sawdust, 300 g of rice bran, and 135 ml of water were placed in a plastic bag and mixed well to prepare an artificial culture medium having a moisture content of 63% by weight.
250 g of the prepared artificial culture medium was mixed with slag powder and sulfate shown in Table 5 having an average particle size of 10 μm and packed into a plastic 850 ml wide-mouth bottle.
A hole about 1 cm in diameter was made in the center of each, and after sterilization, sterilized at 120 ° C. for 90 minutes. After cooling, an inoculum of honshimeji was inoculated, cultured at a temperature of 23 ° C. for 30 days, and further aged at 26 ° C. for 45 days.
Next, after mushroom fungi, the plants were grown under conditions of a temperature of 15 ° C. and a humidity of 95%. The results are also shown in Table 5.
[0030]
[Table 5]
As is apparent from Table 5, the yield of shimeji mushrooms was increased by adding slag powder or slag powder and sulfate to the artificial culture medium.
[0032]
Example 5
300 g of hardwood sawdust, 300 g of coniferous sawdust, 40 g of rice bran, 60 g of bran, 30 g of crushed mash and 400 ml of water were placed in a plastic bag and mixed well to prepare an artificial culture medium having a water content of 65%.
250 g of the prepared artificial culture medium was mixed with slag powder A having an average particle diameter of 10 μm and sulfate f shown in Table 6 and packed into a plastic 850 ml wide-mouth bottle.
A hole with a diameter of about 1 cm was made in the center, and after sterilization, it was sterilized at 120 ° C. for 90 minutes. After cooling, Shiitake inoculum was inoculated, cultured at a temperature of 23 ° C. for 30 days, and further aged at 30 ° C. for 50 days.
Then, after low-temperature treatment at 15 ° C. for 2 days, it was grown at a temperature of 18 ° C. and a humidity of 95%. After harvesting for 10 days, the plant was grown again, and the second crop was harvested. The results are also shown in Table 6.
[0033]
[Table 6]
As is clear from Table 6, the yield of shiitake increased by adding slag powder or slag powder and sulfate to the artificial culture medium.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As explained in detail above, the cultivation method according to the present invention makes it possible to obtain mushrooms in a high yield.
Claims (3)
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| JP10946598A JP3652877B2 (en) | 1998-04-20 | 1998-04-20 | Mushroom artificial culture medium and mushroom artificial cultivation method using the same |
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| KR100473143B1 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2005-03-08 | 백승학 | A culture soil for growing a mushroom |
| JP4695907B2 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2011-06-08 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Mushroom artificial culture medium and mushroom artificial cultivation method using the same |
| WO2021033458A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | 協和化学工業株式会社 | Additive for mushroom growth medium |
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