JP3648605B2 - Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for annular member - Google Patents

Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for annular member Download PDF

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JP3648605B2
JP3648605B2 JP2001402416A JP2001402416A JP3648605B2 JP 3648605 B2 JP3648605 B2 JP 3648605B2 JP 2001402416 A JP2001402416 A JP 2001402416A JP 2001402416 A JP2001402416 A JP 2001402416A JP 3648605 B2 JP3648605 B2 JP 3648605B2
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die
punch
molded product
wire
annular member
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JP2003170240A (en
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大介 松井
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株式会社阪村エンジニアリング
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00Making machine elements
    • B21K1/04Making machine elements ball-races or sliding bearing races
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/02Preliminary treatment of metal stock without particular shaping, e.g. salvaging segregated zones, forging or pressing in the rough
    • B21J1/025Preliminary treatment of metal stock without particular shaping, e.g. salvaging segregated zones, forging or pressing in the rough affecting grain orientation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00Making machine elements
    • B21K1/76Making machine elements elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主としてスラストベアリング用環状受板やワッシャなどの環状部材の製造方法及びその製造装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、材料の無駄なくワッシャを製造する方法及びその装置として、例えば特公平7−67595号公報に開示されたものが知られている。この公報に開示されたワッシャ製造装置は、固定ダイと、固定ダイの後方に配設され線材を挟持するチャック手段と、線材をダイに送り込む送り手段と、ダイの前端面に相対向して配設され、ダイに向かってプレス作動をなすポンチと、ポンチの軸孔に進退自在に支持されたポンチロッドとを備え、上記送り手段により線材を固定ダイの前端面開口部より前方に所定長さ押し出した後、チャック手段により線材を挟持する一方、該ポンチとポンチロッドとを面一状でダイ側に前進させてダイ前端面より突出した線材を所定厚さに圧造加工し、さらに、ポンチロッドのポンチとの固定状態を解放して、圧造された線材の中央部に向かって押抜きポンチングを作動させ、この際、チャック手段と送り手段とが同時に適度に線材の挟持を緩めて線材の後退を可能とし、線材の中央部に通孔を押抜いてワッシャを形成し、その後、ポンチとポンチロッドとが一緒に後退しすると共に、ポンチロッドがポンチ軸孔に収縮退入して、形成されたワッシャがポンチロッドから離脱されるように構成されている。
【0003】
そして、上記の製造装置によれば、線材から材料の無駄なくワッシャを順次圧造加工することができる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上記した従来の製造装置にあっては、ポンチとポンチロッドにより、ポンチとポンチロッドとを面一状でダイ側に前進させてダイ前端面より突出した線材部分を一度の圧造加工により所望厚さ、つまり製品寸法に圧造加工して、線材の先端に鍔状部を形成し、その後、鍔状部の中央部に向かって押抜きポンチングを作動させ、鍔状部の中央部に通孔を押抜いてワッシャを形成する構造であるため、図13に示すように通孔を抜いた残りの線材A′の先端部には、先に圧造加工されて加工硬化した部分のファイバーフローが、線材A′本来の流れの方向とは異なる直角方向で密の流れとして残ることになる。そして、この先端部と共に新たに送り出された突出部とを圧造加工して次のワッシャを形成した場合、図13に示すように粗と密の複数の断層が発生することになり、その断層のためワッシャ全体に均一な強度が得られない問題が生ずる。しかも、ワッシャのファイバーフローの流れ方向が図14に示すように斜め方向となることも相俟って強度的に不具合が生ずる。その上、一度の圧造加工で直ちに製品寸法に成形する構造であるため、大きな圧造荷重が必要となるばかりかその圧造時に放射状の亀裂や割れなども発生し易くなる。その結果、不良品となったり、使用する場所や用途に大きな制約を受ける問題があり、特に、高張力を必要とするスラストベアリングの環状受板や建築用のワッシャなどについては使用に適さないものであった。
【0005】
そこで本発明は、圧造成形により線材から無駄なく環状部材を製造できながら、ファイバーフローが粗と密の複数の断層となるのを抑えると共に、圧造加工時に放射状の亀裂や割れなどの発生を防止して十分な強度を有する環状部材を得ることができる環状部材の製造方法及びその製造装置の提供を課題とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、本願の請求項1の発明は、圧造成形により線材から無駄なく環状部材を製造する環状部材の製造方法として、まず、線材をダイのダイ孔に送り込んで、該線材の先端部をダイの前端面開口部より前方に所定長さ押し出し、その後、線材をダイ側に保持したうえで第1パンチをダイ側に前進させ、ダイ前端面より突出した線材の先端部に予備据え込み加工を施して、最終成形品よりも小径でかつ厚肉とした鍔状部を形成し、次いで、穿孔ピンを有する第2パンチをダイ側に前進させて、穿孔ピンにより鍔状部の中央を、線材のダイ後方側への後退を許しながら打ち抜いて貫通孔を有する中間成形品を形成し、然る後、穿孔ピンを貫通孔に貫通させた状態でさらに第2パンチをダイ側に前進させて中間成形品の両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品を形成するようにしたことを特徴とする。
【0007】
また、本願の請求項2の発明は、上記した請求項1の発明において、鍔状部の断面形状を外膨らみの台形状としたことを特徴とする。
【0008】
さらに、本願の請求項3の発明は、圧造成形により線材から無駄なく環状部材を製造する環状部材の製造装置として、ダイと、ダイの後方に配設され、線材をダイにその前端開口部より所定長さ突出するように送り込む送り手段と、送り手段により送り込まれた線材を挟持する挟持手段と、ダイの前端面側に対向状に配設される予備据え込み用の第1パンチ及び仕上げ圧造用の第2パンチと、これら第1又は第2パンチのいずれか一方をダイの中心に選択的に一致させ、かつダイ側に進退動させる移動手段とを備え、第1パンチには、その前端面に最終成形品よりも小径でかつ厚肉とした鍔状部を形成する成形凹部が形成されていると共に、第2パンチには、鍔状部の中央を線材の外径と略同径に打ち抜いて貫通孔を有する中間成形品を形成する穿孔ピンが設けられ、かつ、第2パンチの前端面には穿孔ピンを貫通孔に貫通させた状態でさらにダイ側に前進することにより中間成形品の両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品を形成する仕上げ形成面が形成されていることを特徴とする。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、この実施の形態で用いられる環状部材の製造装置を示すもので、ダイブロック1にダイホルダー2を介して支持されるダイ3と、ダイ3の後方に配設され、材料となる線材Aをダイ3のダイ孔3aに送り込んで、線材Aの先端部をタイ3の前端開口部3bより所定長さ突出させるサーボモータ付きの送りローラ4と、送りローラ4とダイ3との間に配置され、送りローラ4により送り込まれた線材Aを挟持するチャック機構5と、ダイ3の前端面側に対向状に配設される予備据え込み用の第1パンチ6及び仕上げ圧造用の第2パンチ7と、これら両パンチ6、7を支持し、かつ上下及び前後に移動する移動手段8とを備えている。
【0010】
移動手段8は、第1及び第2パンチ6、7を上下方向に平行状に支持する移動体9と、移動体9を上下方向に移動させて第1又は第2パンチ6、7のいずれか一方をダイ3の中心に選択的に一致させるシリンダなどの上下駆動機構(図示せず)と、移動体9を前後方向つまりダイ側に進退動させるクランクなどの前後駆動機構(図示せず)とを備えている。
【0011】
また、ダイ3とパンチ側との間の前方上部には、適宜駆動手段(図示せず)によりダイ3の前端開口部3bの前面に出退可能なストッパー10が設けられ、送りローラ4により線材Aが送り込まれたときストッパー10に線材Aの先端部が当接することにより、線材Aの前端開口部3bからの突出長さを一定に規制するようしている。
【0012】
第1パンチ6には、その前端面に最終成形品Cよりも小径でかつ厚肉とした台形状の鍔状部aを形成する断面台形状の成形凹部6aが形成されている。第2パンチ7には、鍔状部aの中央を線材Aの線径と略同径に打ち抜いて貫通孔bを有する中間成形品Bを形成する穿孔ピン11が前方に突出して設けられ、かつ、第2パンチ7の前端面には穿孔ピン11を貫通孔bに貫通させた状態でさらにダイ3側に前進することにより中間成形品Bの両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品(環状部材)Cを形成する仕上げ成形面7aが形成されている。具体的には、第2パンチ7の軸孔7bと穿孔ピン11との間に、押し出しスリーブ12が前方へ出退可能に支持され、このスリーブ12の前面が仕上げ成形面7aとなる一方、最終成形後、第2パンチ7が後退位置に移動したタイミングで押し出しスリーブ12をノックアウトピン13により前進させることにより穿孔ピン11上に残された最終成形品Cを穿孔ピン11から押し出して落下させるようになされている。
【0013】
送りローラ4は、線材Aをダイ3内に一定長さづつ送り込み、線材Aをダイ3の前端開口部3bより所定長さ突出させる一方、送りローラ4のサーボモータにより、穿孔ピン11による打ち抜き時及び第2パンチ7による圧造加工時に送りローラ4を逆転させて、線材Aをフィードバックするようになされている。また、チャック機構5は、送りローラ4が線材Aをダイ3内に送り込むタイミングで挟持を解放し、線材Aの突出端が圧造成形されるときから穿孔ピン11による鍔状部aの打ち抜きが開始されるまでは、線材Aが位置ずれすることのないように挟持するようになされている。
なお、線材Aの送り機構としてサーボモータ付き送りローラ4を用いたけれども、この送りローラ4に代えて例えばチャックフィーダなどを用いてもよい。
【0014】
次に、以上のように構成される環状部材の製造装置の作用について説明する。まず、図1の実線で示すように送りローラ4が線材Aを挟持し、チャック機構5が線材Aを解放した基本状態から、送りローラ4を回転させて図1の仮想線で示すように線材Aをその先端部がダイ3の前端開口部3bより所定長さ突出してストッパー10に当たるまで送り出す。そして、その送り出し終了後、図2に示すようにチャック機構5により線材Aを挟持すると共に、ストッパー10を退避位置に後退移動させる。
【0015】
その後、図3に示すように、第1パンチの軸芯とダイ3の軸芯とが一致する状態で、前後駆動手段を駆動して移動体9をダイ側に前進させる。これにより、第1パンチ6でダイ3の前端開口面3bより突出した線材Aの先端部に予備据え込み加工を施して、最終成形品Cよりも小径でかつ厚肉とした断面台形の鍔状部aを形成する。その後、図4に示すように前後駆動手段を駆動して移動体9をダイ3から後退させる。然る後、上下駆動手段を駆動して図5に示すように移動体9を上方に移動させて、第2パンチ7の軸芯とダイ3の軸芯とを一致させる。
【0016】
次いで、図6に示すように前後駆動手段を駆動して移動体9をダイ3側に前進させる。そして、第2パンチ7の穿孔ピン11により鍔状部aの中央を、線材Aのダイ3後方側への後退を許しながら打ち抜いて貫通孔bを有する中間成形品Bを形成する。その後、図7に示すように穿孔ピン11を貫通孔bに貫通させた状態で第2パンチ7をさらにダイ3側に前進させて中間成形品Bの両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品Cを形成する。然る後、図8に示すように前後駆動手段を駆動して移動体9をタイ3からに後退させる。
【0017】
その後、図9に示すように移動体9を下方に移動させて、第1パンチ6の軸芯とダイ3の軸芯とを一致させる。このとき、押し出しスリーブ12をダイ3側へ前進させることにより穿孔ピン11上に残された最終成形品Cを穿孔ピン11から前方へ押し出して落下させ、下方に設けられた収容部(図示せず)に収容する。そして、第1パンチ6の軸芯をダイ3の軸芯に一致させた後、上記した製造工程を繰り返し行なうことにより、残された線材Aから順次最終成形品Cが連続的に製造されることになる。
【0018】
以上のように、本発明によれば、圧造成形により線材Aから無駄なく最終成形品Cを順次製造することができ、しかも、線材Aの先端部に最終成形品Cよりも小径でかつ厚肉とした断面台形の鍔状部aを予備据え込み加工し、次いで、鍔状部aの中央を穿孔ピン11により打ち抜いて貫通孔bを有する中間成形品Bを形成し、然る後、穿孔ピン11を貫通孔bに貫通させた状態でさらに第2パンチ7をダイ3側に前進させて中間成形品Bの両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品Cを形成するようにしたから、最終成形品Cのファイバーフローが極端に粗密となって断層が発生したり、その流れの方向の不具合による強度低下を抑えることができる。
【0019】
つまり、図10に示すように、鍔状部a部分のファイバーフローは、その外周側が緩やかなほぼ均一のU字状で軸芯部に至るほどより緩やかなほぼ均一の円弧状となり、その流れを良好に揃えることができる。また、図11に示すように、鍔状部aに貫通孔bを形成したときにも、中間成形品Bのファイバーフローは緩やかなほぼ均一のU字状であり、また残された線材Aの先端部分のファイバーフローはごく緩やかなほぼ均一の円弧状となる。これにより残された線材Aの先端部分に新たに鍔状部aを成形する場合にもファイバーフローが極端に粗密となる断層として現れることはない。さらに、図12に示すように、最終成形品Cのファイバーフローは、より密度の高いほぼ均一のU字状となる。これにより、従来例のように最終成形品Cのファイバーフローが極端に粗密となる断層として現れることがないし、また、その流れの方向も斜め方向ではなく、U字状となるのでその方向性による強度低下を抑えることができ、したがって、最終成形品Cの全体に均一な強度が得られる。
【0020】
その上、貫通孔bを形成したうえで製品寸法を出す最終圧造加工を行うので、その圧造荷重が小さくてよく、これにより最終成形品Cに放射状の亀裂や割れなどの発生を防止し、全体としての機械的強度の向上化をより一層図ることができる。その結果、高張力を必要とするスラストベアリングの環状受板や建築用のワッシャなどの環状部材として用いることができる。
【0021】
また、上記した実施の形態のものに加えて、例えばダイ3とチャック機構4との間にダイ1に送り込まれる線材Aを加熱するヒーターなどの線材加熱手段(図示せず)を設けて、熱間のもとで圧造成形するようにしてもよい。このように加熱手段で線材Aを加熱したうえで圧造成形する場合、焼きなまし効果により一部が二度打ち、或いは複数打ちされることによるファイバーフローの粗密断層の発生及びその流れの方向性による強度低下をより確実に防止して、最終成形品の強度の向上化を図ることが可能となる。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、まず、ダイ前端面より突出した線材の先端部に第1パンチにより予備据え込み加工を施して、最終成形品よりも小径でかつ厚肉とした鍔状部を形成し、次いで、穿孔ピンを有する第2パンチをダイ側に前進させて、穿孔ピンにより鍔状部の中央を、線材のダイ後方側への後退を許しながら打ち抜いて貫通孔を有する中間成形品を形成し、然る後、穿孔ピンを貫通孔に貫通させた状態でさらに第2パンチをダイ側に前進させて中間成形品の両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品を形成するようにしたから、圧造成形により線材から無駄なく環状部材を製造できながら、最終成形品のファイバーフローが極端に粗密となって断層が発生したり、その流れの方向の不具合による強度低下を抑えることができ、その上、最終圧造加工時における圧造荷重を減らして放射状の亀裂や割れなどの発生を防止し、全体としての機械的強度の向上化をより一層図ることができる。その結果、高張力を必要とするスラストベアリングの環状受板や建築用のワッシャなどの環状部材として用いることができる。
【0023】
また、第1パンチにより外膨らみの台形状を呈する鍔状部を形成するようにすれば、予備据え込み加工が容易に行えると共に、鍔状部部分のファイバーフローがほぼ均一なU字状となり、その流れを良好に揃えることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係る環状部材の製造装置の一部省略縦断側面図である。
【図2】 同製造装置による環状部材の製造工程を示す第1動作図である。
【図3】 同製造工程を示す第2動作図である。
【図4】 同製造工程を示す第3動作図である。
【図5】 同製造工程を示す第4動作図である。
【図6】 同製造工程を示す第5動作図である。
【図7】 同製造工程を示す第6動作図である。
【図8】 同製造工程を示す第7動作図である。
【図9】 同製造工程を示す第8動作図である。
【図10】 本発明の製造装置による鍔状部のファイバーフローを示す断面図である。
【図11】 同中間成形品及び同中間成形品の成形後における線材のファイバーフローを示す断面図である。
【図12】 同最終成形品の圧造流線を示す断面図である。
【図13】 従来例の製造装置による成形後の線材のファイバーフローを示す断面図である。
【図14】 同圧造装置によるワッシャのファイバーフローを示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
3 ダイ
3a ダイ孔
3b 前端開口部
4 送りローラ(送り手段)
5 チャック機構(挟持手段)
6 第1パンチ
6a 成形凹部
7 第2パンチ
7a 仕上げ成形面
7b 軸孔
8 移動手段
11 穿孔ピン
A 線材
a 鍔状部
B 中間成形品
b 貫通孔
C 最終成形品(環状部材)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to a method for manufacturing an annular member such as an annular receiving plate for a thrust bearing and a washer, and an apparatus for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method and apparatus for manufacturing a washer without waste of materials, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-67595 is known. The washer manufacturing apparatus disclosed in this publication includes a fixed die, chuck means disposed behind the fixed die, for holding the wire, feed means for feeding the wire to the die, and a front end face of the die. Provided with a punch that presses toward the die and a punch rod that is supported by the shaft hole of the punch so as to be able to advance and retreat. The feeding means feeds the wire to a predetermined length in front of the opening on the front end surface of the fixed die. After the extrusion, the wire rod is clamped by the chuck means, and the punch and the rod are advanced to the die side in a flush manner so that the wire rod protruding from the front end surface of the die is forged to a predetermined thickness. The punching punching is activated toward the center of the forged wire rod, and the chuck means and the feeding means simultaneously loosen the wire material moderately at the same time to release the wire pin. Enables retraction, pushes a through hole in the center of the wire to form a washer, and then the punch and the punch rod retreat together, and the punch rod shrinks and retracts into the punch shaft hole. The washed washer is configured to be detached from the punch rod.
[0003]
And according to said manufacturing apparatus, a washer can be forge-processed one by one without waste of material from a wire.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional manufacturing apparatus, the punch and the punch rod are used to advance the punch and the punch rod to the die side in a flush manner, and the wire portion protruding from the front end surface of the die is desired by one forging process. Formed into a thickness, that is, a product size, to form a hook-shaped portion at the tip of the wire, and then push punching toward the center of the hook-shaped portion. Since the washer is formed by punching out, the fiber flow in the portion of the remaining wire A ′ from which the through hole has been removed as shown in FIG. The wire A ′ remains as a dense flow in a direction perpendicular to the original flow direction. Then, when the next washer is formed by forging the projecting portion newly fed out together with the tip portion, a plurality of coarse and dense faults are generated as shown in FIG. Therefore, there arises a problem that uniform strength cannot be obtained throughout the washer. In addition, the flow direction of the fiber flow of the washer is oblique as shown in FIG. In addition, since the structure is formed into a product dimension immediately by one forging process, not only a large forging load is required, but also radial cracks and cracks are likely to occur during the forging. As a result, there is a problem that it becomes a defective product or is subject to significant restrictions on the place and use, especially for annular bearing plates of thrust bearings and washer for construction that are not suitable for use. Met.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention suppresses the occurrence of radial cracks and cracks during the forging process while suppressing the fiber flow from becoming a plurality of coarse and dense faults while being able to manufacture an annular member from the wire without waste by forging. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing an annular member and an apparatus for manufacturing the same that can obtain an annular member having sufficient strength.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 of the present application is a method for producing an annular member that is produced without waste from a wire by forging. First, the wire is fed into a die hole of a die, and the wire The tip is pushed forward by a predetermined length from the front end face opening of the die, and then the first punch is advanced to the die side while holding the wire on the die side, and the tip is spared to the tip of the wire protruding from the die front end face. An upsetting process is performed to form a bowl-shaped portion that is smaller in diameter and thicker than the final molded product, and then a second punch having a punch pin is advanced to the die side. The center is punched out while allowing the wire to recede to the rear side of the die to form an intermediate molded product having a through hole, and then the second punch is further moved to the die side with the perforating pin passing through the through hole. Advance both ends of the intermediate molded product Characterized in that so as to form a flat annular final molded article at a predetermined thickness and forming process.
[0007]
The invention of claim 2 of the present application is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1 described above, the cross-sectional shape of the hook-shaped portion is a trapezoidal shape of an outward bulge.
[0008]
Furthermore, the invention of claim 3 of the present application is an annular member manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an annular member from wire rods by forging forming, and is disposed behind the die and the die, and the wire rod is attached to the die from its front end opening. Feeding means for feeding so as to protrude by a predetermined length, clamping means for clamping the wire fed by the feeding means, first punch for upsetting and finish forging arranged opposite to the front end face side of the die And a moving means for selectively aligning one of the first and second punches with the center of the die and moving forward and backward to the die side. A molding recess is formed on the surface to form a bowl-shaped part that is smaller in diameter and thicker than the final molded product, and the center of the bowl-shaped part is approximately the same diameter as the outer diameter of the wire in the second punch. Punched to form an intermediate molded product with a through hole Further, the front end surface of the second punch is further advanced to the die side with the perforation pin passing through the through hole, and both end surfaces of the intermediate molded product are forged to a predetermined thickness. A finish forming surface for forming a flat annular final molded product is formed.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for manufacturing an annular member used in this embodiment. A die 3 supported by a die block 1 via a die holder 2 and a material disposed behind the die 3 are used as materials. The wire rod A is fed into the die hole 3a of the die 3 so that the leading end of the wire rod A protrudes from the front end opening 3b of the tie 3 by a predetermined length, and between the feed roller 4 and the die 3 The chuck mechanism 5 for holding the wire A fed by the feed roller 4, the first punch 6 for upsetting disposed on the front end face side of the die 3 and the first for finishing heading. 2 punches 7 and a moving means 8 that supports both punches 6 and 7 and moves up and down and back and forth.
[0010]
The moving means 8 includes a moving body 9 that supports the first and second punches 6 and 7 in parallel in the vertical direction, and moves the moving body 9 in the vertical direction to either the first or second punch 6 or 7. A vertical drive mechanism (not shown) such as a cylinder that selectively matches one of the centers with the center of the die 3; It has.
[0011]
In addition, a stopper 10 that can be appropriately moved to the front surface of the front end opening 3b of the die 3 by a driving means (not shown) is provided at an upper front portion between the die 3 and the punch side. When the tip A of the wire rod A comes into contact with the stopper 10 when A is fed, the protruding length of the wire rod A from the front end opening 3b is regulated to be constant.
[0012]
The first punch 6 is formed with a trapezoidal shaped recess 6a having a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape that forms a trapezoidal bowl-shaped portion a that is smaller in diameter and thicker than the final molded product C on the front end surface thereof. The second punch 7 is provided with a perforation pin 11 projecting forward to form an intermediate molded product B having a through hole b by punching the center of the hook-shaped portion a to approximately the same diameter as the wire A. The front end surface of the second punch 7 is further advanced to the die 3 side with the perforation pin 11 passing through the through hole b, so that both end surfaces of the intermediate molded product B are forged and flattened with a predetermined thickness. The final molded surface 7a for forming the final molded product (annular member) C is formed. Specifically, an extruding sleeve 12 is supported between the shaft hole 7b of the second punch 7 and the perforating pin 11 so that the extruding sleeve 12 can be moved forward and backward, and the front surface of the sleeve 12 serves as a finish molding surface 7a. After the molding, when the second punch 7 moves to the retracted position, the pushing sleeve 12 is advanced by the knockout pin 13 so that the final molded product C remaining on the punching pin 11 is pushed out from the punching pin 11 and dropped. Has been made.
[0013]
The feed roller 4 feeds the wire A into the die 3 by a certain length and causes the wire A to protrude from the front end opening 3b of the die 3 by a predetermined length, while the punching pin 11 is punched by the servo motor of the feed roller 4 The feed roller 4 is reversely rotated during the forging process by the second punch 7 to feed back the wire A. The chuck mechanism 5 releases the nipping at the timing when the feed roller 4 feeds the wire A into the die 3, and punching of the hook-shaped portion a by the punching pin 11 starts when the protruding end of the wire A is forged. Until it is done, the wire A is clamped so as not to be displaced.
Although the feed roller 4 with a servo motor is used as the feed mechanism for the wire rod A, a chuck feeder or the like may be used instead of the feed roller 4.
[0014]
Next, the operation of the annular member manufacturing apparatus configured as described above will be described. First, from the basic state in which the feed roller 4 sandwiches the wire A as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 and the chuck mechanism 5 releases the wire A, the feed roller 4 is rotated to show the wire as shown by the phantom line in FIG. A is sent out until its tip protrudes a predetermined length from the front end opening 3 b of the die 3 and hits the stopper 10. Then, after the feeding is finished, the wire rod A is clamped by the chuck mechanism 5 as shown in FIG. 2, and the stopper 10 is moved backward to the retracted position.
[0015]
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, in a state where the axis of the first punch and the axis of the die 3 coincide with each other, the front / rear driving means is driven to advance the moving body 9 toward the die. As a result, a trapezoidal cross-sectional trapezoidal shape having a smaller diameter and a thicker wall than the final molded product C by preliminarily processing the tip of the wire A protruding from the front end opening surface 3 b of the die 3 with the first punch 6. Part a is formed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4, the front-rear driving means is driven to move the moving body 9 backward from the die 3. Thereafter, the vertical drive means is driven to move the moving body 9 upward as shown in FIG. 5 so that the axis of the second punch 7 and the axis of the die 3 are aligned.
[0016]
Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the front-rear driving means is driven to advance the moving body 9 toward the die 3 side. Then, an intermediate molded product B having a through hole b is formed by punching the center of the hook-shaped portion a by the punching pin 11 of the second punch 7 while allowing the wire A to recede to the rear side of the die 3. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7, the second punch 7 is further advanced to the die 3 side with the perforation pin 11 passing through the through hole b, and both end surfaces of the intermediate molded product B are forged to a predetermined thickness. A flat annular final molded product C is formed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, the front / rear drive means is driven to retract the moving body 9 from the tie 3.
[0017]
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the moving body 9 is moved downward so that the axis of the first punch 6 and the axis of the die 3 are aligned. At this time, the extruded sleeve 12 is advanced to the die 3 side to push the final molded product C remaining on the perforation pin 11 forward from the perforation pin 11 and drop it, and a receiving portion (not shown) provided below. ). And after making the axial center of the 1st punch 6 correspond with the axial center of the die | dye 3, the above-mentioned manufacturing process is repeated and the final molded product C is manufactured sequentially from the remaining wire A sequentially. become.
[0018]
As described above, according to the present invention, the final molded product C can be sequentially manufactured without waste from the wire A by forging, and the tip of the wire A is smaller in diameter and thicker than the final molded product C. The trapezoidal hook-shaped portion a having a cross-sectional shape is pre-upset, and then the center of the hook-shaped portion a is punched by the punch pin 11 to form an intermediate molded product B having a through hole b. The second punch 7 is further advanced to the die 3 side while 11 is passed through the through hole b, and both end faces of the intermediate molded product B are forged to form a flat annular final molded product C with a predetermined thickness. As a result, the fiber flow of the final molded product C becomes extremely dense and a fault is generated, or a decrease in strength due to a failure in the direction of the flow can be suppressed.
[0019]
That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the fiber flow in the hook-shaped portion a has a generally uniform U shape with a gentle outer periphery, and becomes a generally uniform circular arc shape that becomes gentler toward the shaft core portion. Can be aligned well. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, also when the through-hole b is formed in the bowl-shaped part a, the fiber flow of the intermediate molded product B is a gentle, substantially uniform U-shape, and the remaining wire A The fiber flow at the tip is a very gentle, almost uniform arc. Thus, even when the ridge part a is newly formed at the tip of the remaining wire A, the fiber flow does not appear as a fault that becomes extremely dense. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12, the fiber flow of the final molded product C has a substantially uniform U shape with a higher density. Thereby, unlike the conventional example, the fiber flow of the final molded product C does not appear as a fault that becomes extremely dense, and the direction of the flow is not an oblique direction but a U-shape, and therefore depends on the directionality. A decrease in strength can be suppressed, and therefore a uniform strength can be obtained throughout the final molded product C.
[0020]
In addition, since the final forging process for producing the product dimensions is performed after forming the through holes b, the forging load may be small, thereby preventing the occurrence of radial cracks and cracks in the final molded product C, As a result, the mechanical strength can be further improved. As a result, it can be used as an annular member such as an annular receiving plate of a thrust bearing or a washer for construction that requires high tension.
[0021]
In addition to the above-described embodiment, for example, a wire heating means (not shown) such as a heater for heating the wire A fed to the die 1 is provided between the die 3 and the chuck mechanism 4 to Forging may be performed in between. In this way, when wire forming is performed after heating the wire A with the heating means, the strength due to the occurrence of dense faults in the fiber flow due to the annealing effect, or a plurality of strikes, and the directionality of the flow It is possible to prevent the deterioration more reliably and improve the strength of the final molded product.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, first, a hook-like portion having a smaller diameter and a thicker wall than the final molded product is obtained by pre-upsetting the tip portion of the wire rod protruding from the front end surface of the die by the first punch. Then, a second punch having a perforation pin is advanced to the die side, and the center of the hook-shaped portion is punched out by the perforation pin while allowing the wire material to retreat to the rear side of the die. After that, the second punch is further advanced to the die side with the perforating pin passing through the through hole, and both end faces of the intermediate molded product are forged to obtain a flat annular final shape with a predetermined thickness. Since the molded product is formed, the annular flow can be produced without waste from wire rod by forging, but the fiber flow of the final molded product becomes extremely dense and causes faults, or due to defects in the flow direction. Reduce strength reduction Can, Moreover, by reducing the heading load during the final heading process to prevent the occurrence of radial cracks or fractures, it is possible to improve of mechanical strength as a whole even more. As a result, it can be used as an annular member such as an annular receiving plate of a thrust bearing or a washer for construction that requires high tension.
[0023]
Also, if the first punch is formed with a bowl-shaped part that exhibits a trapezoidal shape of an outward bulge, preliminary upsetting can be easily performed, and the fiber flow of the bowl-shaped part becomes a substantially uniform U-shape, The flow can be well aligned.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially omitted vertical side view of an annular member manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a first operation diagram showing a manufacturing process of an annular member by the manufacturing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a second operation diagram showing the same manufacturing process.
FIG. 4 is a third operation diagram showing the manufacturing process.
FIG. 5 is a fourth operation diagram showing the same manufacturing process.
FIG. 6 is a fifth operation diagram showing the manufacturing process.
FIG. 7 is a sixth operation diagram showing the manufacturing process.
FIG. 8 is a seventh operation diagram showing the manufacturing process.
FIG. 9 is an eighth operation diagram showing the same manufacturing process.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the fiber flow of the hook-shaped portion by the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the fiber flow of the wire rod after forming the intermediate molded product and the intermediate molded product.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a forged streamline of the final molded product.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a fiber flow of a wire after forming by a conventional manufacturing apparatus.
FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a fiber flow of a washer by the forging device.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Die 3a Die hole 3b Front end opening 4 Feed roller (feed means)
5 Chuck mechanism (clamping means)
6 1st punch 6a Molding concave part 7 2nd punch 7a Finish molding surface 7b Shaft hole 8 Moving means 11 Drilling pin A Wire rod A Cage-shaped part B Intermediate molded product b Through-hole C Final molded product (annular member)

Claims (3)

圧造成形により線材から無駄なく環状部材を製造する環状部材の製造方法であって、まず、線材をダイのダイ孔に送り込んで、該線材の先端部をダイの前端面開口部より前方に所定長さ押し出し、その後、線材をダイ側に保持したうえで第1パンチをダイ側に前進させ、ダイ前端面より突出した線材の先端部に予備据え込み加工を施して、最終成形品よりも小径でかつ厚肉とした鍔状部を形成し、次いで、穿孔ピンを有する第2パンチをダイ側に前進させて、穿孔ピンにより鍔状部の中央を、線材のダイ後方側への後退を許しながら打ち抜いて貫通孔を有する中間成形品を形成し、然る後、穿孔ピンを貫通孔に貫通させた状態でさらに第2パンチをダイ側に前進させて中間成形品の両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品を形成するようにしたことを特徴とする環状部材の製造方法。An annular member manufacturing method for manufacturing an annular member from a wire rod without waste by forging forming, firstly, the wire rod is fed into a die hole of the die, and the tip portion of the wire rod is moved forward by a predetermined length from the front end face opening portion of the die After that, after holding the wire on the die side, the first punch is advanced to the die side, and the tip of the wire protruding from the front end surface of the die is preliminarily processed, so that it has a smaller diameter than the final molded product. The thick punched portion is formed, and then the second punch having the punch pin is advanced to the die side, and the center of the hook portion is allowed to recede to the rear side of the wire rod by the punch pin. An intermediate molded product having a through hole is formed by punching, and then the second punch is further advanced to the die side with the perforating pin passing through the through hole, and both end surfaces of the intermediate molded product are forged. Forming a flat annular final molded product with a predetermined thickness A method for producing a circular member, characterized in that so as to. 鍔状部の断面形状が外膨らみの台形状であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の環状部材の製造方法。The method for manufacturing an annular member according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the bowl-shaped portion is a trapezoidal shape of an outward bulge. 圧造成形により線材から無駄なく環状部材を製造する環状部材の製造装置であって、ダイと、ダイの後方に配設され、線材をダイにその前端開口部より所定長さ突出するように送り込む送り手段と、送り手段により送り込まれた線材を挟持する挟持手段と、ダイの前端面側に対向状に配設される予備据え込み用の第1パンチ及び仕上げ圧造用の第2パンチと、これら第1又は第2パンチのいずれか一方をダイの中心に選択的に一致させ、かつダイ側に進退動させる移動手段とを備え、第1パンチには、その前端面に最終成形品よりも小径でかつ厚肉とした鍔状部を形成する成形凹部が形成されていると共に、第2パンチには、鍔状部の中央を線材の外径と略同径に打ち抜いて貫通孔を有する中間成形品を形成する穿孔ピンが設けられ、かつ、第2パンチの前端面には穿孔ピンを貫通孔に貫通させた状態でさらにダイ側に前進することにより中間成形品の両端面を圧造加工して所定厚さで偏平環状の最終成形品を形成する仕上げ形成面が形成されていることを特徴とする環状部材の製造装置。An apparatus for manufacturing an annular member that produces an annular member from wire rods by forging, which is disposed behind the die and feeds the wire rod into the die so as to protrude a predetermined length from its front end opening. Means, a clamping means for clamping the wire fed by the feeding means, a first punch for pre-installation and a second punch for finish forging disposed opposite to the front end face side of the die, Moving means for selectively aligning one of the first punch and the second punch with the center of the die and moving forward and backward toward the die side. The first punch has a smaller diameter on the front end surface than the final molded product. An intermediate molded product having a through-hole formed in the second punch by punching the center of the hook-like portion to approximately the same diameter as the outer diameter of the wire. A piercing pin is provided, and The front end surface of the two punches is further advanced to the die side with a perforation pin passing through the through hole, so that both end surfaces of the intermediate molded product are forged to form a flat annular final molded product with a predetermined thickness. An apparatus for manufacturing an annular member, wherein a finish forming surface is formed.
JP2001402416A 2001-12-04 2001-12-04 Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for annular member Expired - Fee Related JP3648605B2 (en)

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