JP3644606B2 - Installation method of formwork support in reverse placement method - Google Patents

Installation method of formwork support in reverse placement method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3644606B2
JP3644606B2 JP05911995A JP5911995A JP3644606B2 JP 3644606 B2 JP3644606 B2 JP 3644606B2 JP 05911995 A JP05911995 A JP 05911995A JP 5911995 A JP5911995 A JP 5911995A JP 3644606 B2 JP3644606 B2 JP 3644606B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
formwork
support
floor
suspension
work
Prior art date
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JP05911995A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08253947A (en
Inventor
正憲 中留
清勇 浜田
高儀 奥
浩二 住吉
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Fujita Corp
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Fujita Corp
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  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は逆打工法による地下構築物の構築における型枠支保工の設置方法に係るものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
地下構造物、特に路面下に構築される地下駐車場や地下鉄の駅舎における地下工事の施工に際しては、先ず周辺の地盤の崩壊を防止する山留めを行ない、切梁、腹起し等よりなる山留支保工を水平に架設しながら所定の深さまで順次掘削し、地業後、基礎工事から順次下層階より上層階へと構築する所謂順打工法が一般的に行なわれている。
【0003】
また上層階より下層階へと構築していく逆打工法が採用される場合もある。
この逆打工法においては、山留め後、1次掘削して捨てコンクリートを打設し、上階のトップスラブの型枠を組み立て、更に鉄筋を組立ててコンクリートを打設し、同打設コンクリートが硬化して所要の強度を発現すると型枠を解体、撤去し、更に2次掘削して前記の工程を反覆して下層階を構築し、最後に基礎を構築する。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
地下構築物を構築する際、前記順打ち工法、逆打ち工法のどちらを採用して行うかは、工事現場の周囲の環境や、工期期間の要因によっていづれかを選択する。
しかしながら、順打工法においては、支保工を組み立てて型枠を組み立て、鉄筋を配筋してコンクリートを打設し、同打設コンクリートが硬化したのち型枠を解体して次の上階に搬送する。
【0005】
また逆打工法においては、コンクリート打設後下階を更に掘削していくため、型枠資材は各階毎に場外に搬出しなければならない。
このような状況の下においては、市街地、特に商店街の多い路面下に地下構築物を構築する場合、建設資材の出し入れ、作業騒音が多く、これらの所謂建設公害に対する防止対策に多大の費用を要するのみならず、多くの作業員を必要とし、工事の遅延する要因となり、また資材の回収場所に苦慮するという問題があった。
【0006】
本発明は前記従来技術の有する問題点に鑑みて提案されたもので、その目的とするところは、逆打工法による地下構築物の施工に当り、型枠工法の合理化を図り資材の計画的な運用と省力化により、工期の短縮と近隣に対する建設公害を軽減する逆打工法における型枠支保工の設置方法を提供する点にある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の目的を達成するため、本発明に係る逆打工法における型枠支保工の設置方法によれば、地下構築物を上層から下層に構築する逆打工法において、上階1層階に相当する地盤を掘削して型枠支持床を設け、同型枠支持床に、型枠を支持するための支保工を設置し、同支保工と、同支保工が支持する型枠とを一体化して懸吊式型枠ユニットを構成し、所要階層の構築後は同懸吊式型枠ユニットを下層階に懸吊して、当該下層階に対応して設けた型枠支持床に同懸吊式型枠ユニットを設置するものである。
【0008】
請求項2の発明によれば、前記懸吊式型枠ユニットは前記型枠支持床に立設して設置した前記支保工の上下方向中間に支保工懸吊用横架材を架設し、同支保工頂部に大引材を架設し、同大引材の上に根太を配設した型枠より構成するものである。
請求項3の発明によれは、前記懸吊式型枠ユニットは、適宜間隔に配置された複数の電動チエーンブロックによって前記支保工懸吊用横架材が懸吊されるように構成されるものである。
【0009】
【作用】
本発明によれば地下構築物を上層から下層に構築する逆打工法において、上階1層階に相当する地盤を掘削して型枠支持床を地下部に設け、同型枠支持床に、型枠を支持するための支保工を設置し、同支保工と、同支保工が支持する型枠とを一体化して懸吊式型枠ユニットを構成し、コンクリートを打設することによって、1層階が構築されるものである。また、所要階層の構築後は同懸吊式型枠ユニットを下層階に懸吊して、当該下層階に対応して設けた型枠支持床に同懸吊式型枠ユニットを設置するものである。
【0010】
請求項2の発明によれば、前記型枠支持床に前記支保工を立設して設置し、同支保工の上下方向中間に支保工を懸吊する横架材を配設し、支保工頂部に大引材を架設し、同大引材の上に型枠の根太を配設したことによって、支保工と型枠とが一体となり、広範囲な型枠ユニットが形成される。
請求項3の発明によれば、前記懸吊式型枠ユニット、適宜間隔に配置された複数の電動チエーンブロックによって、前記支保工を懸吊する前記横架材懸吊されるように構成される。
本発明によれば、所要階層を構築した後は、前記懸吊式型枠ユニットを下層階に吊下げて、当該下層階に対応して設けた型枠支持床設置することによって、型枠の組立、解体作業が不要となり、型枠工の手間が大幅に減少し、資材の搬送が合理化され、省力化が図られる。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を図示の実施例について説明する。
図1は本発明の逆打工法によって構築される地下構築物Aの縦断面図を示し、同地下構築物Aは層階よりなり、基礎Kと外壁W、鋼管柱C及び各階床のスラブ梁S1 ,S2 ,S3 とから構成されている。
【0012】
前記地下構築物Aの施工に際しては周囲地盤に山留め壁1を築造し、更に路盤と地下構築物Aを支持する中間杭2を打設し、1次掘削a後、路盤Rを覆工する。2次掘削b後、上層1層階に相当する地面に型枠支持床3を設ける。(図2参照)図中Pは掘削機である。
次いで前記型枠支持床3に上階1層階の型枠を支持するための支保工4を設置し、同支保工4の上下方向中間に支保工を懸吊する横架材5を架設し、支保工4の一部である補助支保工4aの頂部に大引材6を架設し、同大引材6の上に根太7を配設したスラブ型枠8から構成された懸吊式型枠ユニットHを組み立てる。
【0013】
なお図示の実施例では枠組足場と補助支保工4aを使用しているが、例えば単管パイプによる支保工ステージや、仮設梁を使用した支保工ステージにしてもよく、要は支保工(ステージ)を横架材で懸吊できるようにするものである。
前記懸吊式型枠ユニットHを組み立て、スラブ型枠8に鉄筋を配筋し、床コンクリートNを打設したのち前記ユニットの懸吊の準備をする。
【0014】
即ち床コンクリートNに貫通孔9を設け、同孔9を縦貫するテンションバー10によって前記横架材5より吊持して、貫通孔9を貫通し、2分割された止板11で挟着し、ナット12で仮止めする。テンションバー10の上部には電動チエーンブロック13のフック14と係合する係止環15が装架されている。電動チエーンブロック13は覆工桁16間を連結する繋ぎ材17に設けた繋止環18を介して懸架されている(図3、図4参照)
次いで図5に示す如く前記懸吊式型枠ユニットHを懸吊したまま3次掘削cを行ったのち、下階1層階に相当する地面に型枠支持床3’を設ける。
【0015】
次いで前記懸吊式型枠ユニットHを電動チエーンブロック13によりスライドダウンして型枠支持床3’に設置し、前記型枠ユニットHに配筋し、中空の鋼管柱Cを上部梁下に懸吊し、スラブS2 のコンクリートを打設する(図6参照)
かくして前記1層階分を前記した工程を反覆して上階から下階へと順次構築し(図7参照)最後に基礎を構築して、中間杭2のうちの、不要な上端部分を撤去する。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば前記したように逆打工法によって地下構築物を施工する際、上層1層階に相当する地盤を掘削して型枠支持床を設け、同型枠支持床に、型枠を支持するための支保工を設置し、同支保工と、同支保工が支持する型枠とを一体化して懸吊式型枠ユニットを構成することによって同型枠ユニットが上階の型枠となりコンクリートが打設されることによって一層階が構築され、その構築後には、同型枠ユニットが下層階に転用されるので、型枠の組立、解体作業が省略され、建設資材の運搬作業が大幅に軽減され省力化と工期の短縮が図られるとともに、作業に伴う騒音や塵埃の飛散が減少し、作業環境が改善される。
【0017】
請求項2の発明によれば、前記懸吊式型枠ユニットは、前記型枠支持床に立設して設置した支保工の上下方向中間に支保工懸吊用横架材を架設し、同支保工頂部に大引材を架設し、同大引材の上に根太を配設した型枠より構成することによって、支保工と型枠とが一体化して広範囲な型枠ユニットが構成される。
請求項3の発明によれば、前記懸吊式型枠ユニットは適宜間隔に配置された複数の電動チエーンブロックによって前記支保工懸吊用横架材が懸吊されるように構成するため、所要階層の構築後に前記懸吊式型枠ユニットを下層階に懸吊して当該下層階の型枠支持床上に設置する作業が容易である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の方法によって構築される地下構築物の縦断面図である。
【図2】地下を構築物を構築する地盤の山留めと中間杭の打設並びに掘削工程を示す縦断面図である。
【図3】懸吊式型枠ユニットの要部を示す縦断面図である。
【図4】懸吊式型枠ユニットにより上層階から構築する実施例を示す縦断面図である。
【図5】第3次掘削をして前記懸吊式型枠ユニットが懸吊されている状態を示す縦断面図である。
【図6】第3次掘削後、懸吊式型枠ユニットを吊下して設置した状態を示す縦断面図である。
【図7】前記工程を反覆して、前記型枠ユニットを下階に吊下ろして設置した状態を示す縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
A 地下構築物
C 鋼管柱
H 懸吊式型枠ユニット
N 床コンクリート
P 掘削機
R 路盤
1 ,S2 ,S3 スラブ
W 外壁
1 山留め壁
2 中間杭
3,3′ 型枠支持床
4 支保工
4a 補助支保工
5 横架材
6 大引材
7 根太
8 スラブ型枠
9 貫通孔
10 テンションバー
11 止板
12 ナット
13 電動チエーンブロック
14 フック
15 係止環
16 覆工桁
17 繋ぎ材
18 繋止環
a 1次掘削
b 2次掘削
c 3次掘削
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for installing a formwork support in the construction of an underground structure by a reverse driving method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When installing underground structures in underground structures, especially underground parking lots and subway station buildings built under the road surface, first stop the mountain to prevent the surrounding ground from collapsing, In general, a so-called “striking” method is generally used in which excavation is sequentially carried out to a predetermined depth while supporting works are laid horizontally, and after construction work, the foundation work is sequentially constructed from the lower floor to the upper floor.
[0003]
There is also a case where a reverse driving method is adopted in which construction is performed from the upper floor to the lower floor.
In this reverse placement method, after excavation, primary excavation and discarding concrete are placed, upper floor slab formwork is assembled, rebars are assembled, concrete is placed, and the cast concrete is hardened. Then, when the required strength is developed, the formwork is dismantled and removed, and the second floor excavation is repeated to construct the lower floor by repeating the above process, and finally the foundation is constructed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When constructing an underground structure, it is selected whether to adopt the forward-working method or the reverse-working method depending on the environment around the construction site or the factor of the construction period.
However, in the forward casting method, the support work is assembled, the formwork is assembled, the rebar is placed, the concrete is placed, and after the cast concrete is hardened, the formwork is disassembled and transported to the next upper floor To do.
[0005]
Also, in the reverse placement method, after the concrete is placed, the lower floor is further excavated, so the formwork material must be carried out of the floor on each floor.
Under such circumstances, when building an underground structure in an urban area, especially under the road with many shopping streets, there is a lot of construction materials in and out, and there are many working noises. Not only that, many workers were required, causing delays in the construction work, and the problem of difficulty in collecting the materials.
[0006]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and its purpose is to plan the operation of materials in order to rationalize the formwork method in the construction of underground structures by the reverse driving method. This is to provide a method for installing the form support in the reverse driving method that shortens the construction period and reduces construction pollution to the neighborhood by saving labor.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, according to the method of installing formwork shoring in the reverse punch method according to the present invention, the reverse punch method for constructing the lower underground construct from the top, corresponds to the uppermost upper floor 1 Sokai the formwork support bed provided with excavating the soil, in the formwork support bed, established the支保Engineering for supporting the mold, integrated with the支保Engineering, and a mold for the shoring to support Construct a suspended formwork unit, and after constructing the required level, suspend the suspended formwork unit on the lower floor and suspend it on the formwork support floor provided corresponding to the lower floor A formwork unit is installed.
[0008]
According to invention of Claim 2, the said suspension type | mold form unit constructs the horizontal member for support structure suspension in the up-down direction middle of the said support structure installed standingly on the said formwork support floor, It is constructed from a formwork in which a large pulling material is installed on the top of the support work and a joist is arranged on the large pulling material .
According to the invention of claim 3, wherein the hanging-type form unit is composed in so that the horizontal member for the shoring suspended by distributed multiple electric chain block as appropriate interval suspended It is.
[0009]
[Action]
In the reverse punch method of constructing an underground construction from the upper layer to the lower layer according to the present invention, by excavating the ground which corresponds to the uppermost upper floor 1 Sokai provided formwork support floor underground, in the formwork support bed, By installing a support for supporting the formwork, integrating the support work and the formwork supported by the support work to form a suspended formwork unit, and placing concrete, 1 A floor will be built. In addition, after the construction of the required level, the suspended formwork unit is suspended on the lower floor, and the suspended formwork unit is installed on the formwork support floor provided corresponding to the lower floor. is there.
[0010]
According to the invention of claim 2, wherein支保Engineering and placed upright and disposed the horizontal members of suspending the same支保Engineering vertically intermediate the shoring the formwork support bed, the By installing a large pulling material on the top of the support and placing the joists on the formwork on the large pulling material , the support and the formwork are integrated to form a wide range of formwork units. .
According to the invention of claim 3, wherein the pendant-type form unit the deployed plurality of electric chain block in appropriate intervals, configured so that the said horizontal member is suspended for suspending the支保Engineering Is done.
According to the present invention, after constructing the required level , the suspended formwork unit is suspended on the lower floor and installed on the formwork support floor provided corresponding to the lower floor. This eliminates the need for assembling and disassembling work, greatly reducing the labor of formwork, streamlining material transportation, and saving labor.
[0011]
【Example】
The present invention will be described below with reference to illustrated embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an underground structure A constructed by the reverse driving method of the present invention. The underground structure A comprises three floors, a foundation K, an outer wall W, steel pipe columns C, and slab beams S on each floor. 1 , S 2 , S 3 .
[0012]
In the construction of the underground structure A, the retaining wall 1 is built on the surrounding ground, and the intermediate pile 2 that supports the road base and the underground structure A is further placed, and the roadbed R is lined after the primary excavation a. After the secondary excavation b, the formwork support floor 3 is provided on the ground corresponding to the uppermost first floor. (Refer FIG. 2) P is an excavator.
Then erection the horizontal member 5 which established the支保Engineering 4, suspending the支保Engineering vertically intermediate the支保Engineering 4 for supporting the formwork top upstairs 1 Sokai the mold supporting bed 3 The suspension type is constructed of a slab form 8 in which a large pulling material 6 is installed on the top of an auxiliary support 4a, which is a part of the support 4, and a joist 7 is disposed on the large pulling material 6. Assemble the formwork unit H.
[0013]
In the illustrated embodiment, the frame scaffolding and the auxiliary support 4a are used. However, for example, a support stage using a single pipe or a support stage using a temporary beam may be used. Can be suspended by a horizontal member.
After the suspended formwork unit H is assembled, reinforcing bars are arranged in the slab formwork 8, and floor concrete N is placed, preparation for suspension of the unit is made.
[0014]
That is, a through-hole 9 is provided in the floor concrete N, suspended from the horizontal member 5 by a tension bar 10 passing through the hole 9, passed through the through-hole 9, and clamped by a two-part stop plate 11. Temporarily fix with the nut 12. A locking ring 15 that is engaged with the hook 14 of the electric chain block 13 is mounted on the upper portion of the tension bar 10. Electric chain block 13 via a Tsunagitomewa 18 provided on the connecting member 17 for connecting the lining digits 16 that have been suspended (see FIG. 3, FIG. 4).
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, after the third excavation c is performed with the suspended formwork unit H suspended, a formwork support floor 3 ′ is provided on the ground corresponding to the first floor of the lower floor.
[0015]
Next, the suspended formwork unit H is slid down by the electric chain block 13 and installed on the formwork support floor 3 ', and is placed on the formwork unit H, and the hollow steel pipe column C is suspended under the upper beam. suspended, you pouring a concrete slab S 2 (see FIG. 6).
Thus, the above-mentioned process is repeated for the first floor, and the upper floor is sequentially constructed from the lower floor ( see FIG. 7) . Finally, the foundation is constructed , and the unnecessary upper end portion of the intermediate pile 2 is removed . Remove.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
When construction underground construction by Gyakuda method as described above according to the present invention, the formwork support bed provided with excavating the ground which corresponds to a top layer 1 Sokai, in the formwork support bed, the mold the支保Engineering for supporting installed, the same支保Engineering, isomorphic frame unit by the shoring constitute the mold and integrated to pendant-type form unit for supporting is the most upper floor formwork , concrete is constructed more floors by being pouring, after its construction, because the same type frame unit is diverted to the lower floor, mold assembly, dismantling is omitted, greatly to transport work construction materials Therefore, labor saving and shortening of the construction period are achieved, and noise and dust scattering associated with the work are reduced, and the working environment is improved.
[0017]
According to the invention of claim 2, the suspension type frame unit is constructed by laying a horizontal member for support suspension in the middle in the vertical direction of the support installed standing on the formwork support floor, A wide range of formwork units can be constructed by integrating the support work and the formwork by constructing the formwork with a large pulling material installed on the top of the support work and a joist on the large pulling material. Is done.
According to the invention of claim 3, wherein the pendant-type mold frame unit, since the a plurality of electric chain blocks arranged at appropriate intervals shoring suspended for horizontal members are configured so that is suspended, After the construction of the required level, it is easy to suspend the suspended formwork unit from the lower floor and install it on the formwork support floor of the lower floor .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an underground structure constructed by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a ground pile and an intermediate pile placement and excavation process for constructing a structure underground.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a suspended formwork unit.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment constructed from an upper floor by a suspended formwork unit.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the suspended formwork unit is suspended after a third excavation.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a suspended formwork unit is suspended and installed after the third excavation.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the mold unit is suspended and installed on the lower floor by reversing the process.
[Explanation of symbols]
A underground construct C Tubular Column H pendant type form unit N floor concrete P excavator R roadbed S 1, S 2, S 3 slabs W outer wall 1 Retaining wall 2 intermediate piles 3,3 'formwork support bed 4 shoring 4a Auxiliary support 5 Horizontal material 6 Large draw material 7 joist 8 Slab mold 9 Through hole 10 Tension bar 11 Stop plate 12 Nut 13 Electric chain block 14 Hook 15 Locking ring 16 Covering girder 17 Connecting material 18 Locking ring a Primary drilling b Secondary drilling c Tertiary drilling

Claims (3)

地下構築物を上層から下層に構築する逆打工法において、上階1層階に相当する地盤を掘削して型枠支持床を設け、同型枠支持床に、型枠を支持するための支保工を設置し、同支保工と、同支保工が支持する型枠とを一体化して懸吊式型枠ユニットを構成し、所要階層の構築後は同懸吊式型枠ユニットを下層階に懸吊して、当該下層階に対応して設けた型枠支持床に同懸吊式型枠ユニットを設置することを特徴とする逆打工法における型枠支保工の設置方法。In the reverse punch method of constructing an underground construction from the upper layer to the lower layer, the formwork support bed provided with excavating the ground which corresponds to the uppermost upper floor 1 Sokai, in the formwork support bed,支保for supporting formwork A suspension formwork unit is constructed by integrating the support work and the formwork supported by the support work, and after the construction of the required level, the suspension formwork unit is placed on the lower floor. A method for installing a form support in a reverse casting method , wherein the suspension form is placed on a form support floor provided corresponding to the lower floor . 前記懸吊式型枠ユニットは前記型枠支持床に立設して設置した前記支保工の上下方向中間に支保工懸吊用横架材を架設し、同支保工頂部に大引材を架設し、同大引材の上に根太を配設した型枠より構成されている請求項1記載の逆打工法における型枠支保工の設置方法。The suspension-type formwork unit is constructed by laying a horizontal member for suspension work in the middle in the vertical direction of the support work installed upright on the formwork support floor, and a large pulling material at the top of the support work work. The installation method of the form support in the reverse placement method of Claim 1 comprised from the formwork which erected and arrange | positioned the joist on the same large pulling material . 前記懸吊式型枠ユニットは、適宜間隔に配置された複数の電動チエーンブロックによって前記支保工懸吊用横架材が懸吊されるように構成される請求項2記載の逆打工法における型枠支保工の設置方法。The suspended type formwork unit type in the inverse hitting method of claim 2, wherein configured so that is suspended is the shoring suspension for horizontal member by distributed multiple electric chain block in appropriate intervals How to install frame support.
JP05911995A 1995-03-17 1995-03-17 Installation method of formwork support in reverse placement method Expired - Fee Related JP3644606B2 (en)

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JP5180242B2 (en) * 2010-02-08 2013-04-10 東急建設株式会社 Escalator installation method
CN103174294A (en) * 2013-03-18 2013-06-26 中天建设集团有限公司 Method for wall one-sided form erecting construction at deformation joint position
CN109488017A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-03-19 中建南方投资有限公司 A kind of concrete structure rail road hanging mobile form frame system and construction method against the wind
CN114164860A (en) * 2021-10-21 2022-03-11 王树生 Sinking frame foundation, ground prefabrication equipment thereof and sinking device
CN113931661B (en) * 2021-11-02 2023-10-27 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 Secondary lining template device suitable for large-span chamber dome and construction method
CN115095163B (en) * 2022-06-23 2024-04-19 浙江大地钢结构有限公司 Inverted steel structure hanging frame construction method and steel column positioning tool

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