JP3590934B2 - Direct sowing method of paddy rice using fertilizer and seeding machine - Google Patents

Direct sowing method of paddy rice using fertilizer and seeding machine Download PDF

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JP3590934B2
JP3590934B2 JP2001191613A JP2001191613A JP3590934B2 JP 3590934 B2 JP3590934 B2 JP 3590934B2 JP 2001191613 A JP2001191613 A JP 2001191613A JP 2001191613 A JP2001191613 A JP 2001191613A JP 3590934 B2 JP3590934 B2 JP 3590934B2
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fertilizer
rice
guide member
field
sowing
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JP2003000011A (en
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誠次郎 三谷
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Tottori Prefectural Government
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Tottori Prefectural Government
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は,例えば,田植機に設けられた施肥機の導肥管と作溝器とを利用して種籾をほ場に直播きする水稲湛水直播き方法及びその播種機に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来,田植機に設けられた粒状肥料をほ場に施肥する施肥機は知られている。これらに施肥機には作溝器が設けられ,該作溝器によって土壌に溝を掘り,肥料ホッパからの粒状肥料が作溝器の上方に設けられている導肥管を通じて溝に施肥するものである。
【0003】
施肥・播種機の繰出装置として,実開昭64−52415号公報に開示されたものが知られている。該施肥・播種機の繰出装置は,種子タンクの下方に繰出装置を設け,繰出装置の下方に漏斗ケースを設け,漏斗ケース内を送風室の仕切板により二分し,一方を繰出装置からの種子落下室に形成し,他方を送風ファンに連通した送風室に形成したものである。
【0004】
また,実開昭59−22242号公報に開示された農機の粉粒体繰出し供給装置は,繰出しホッパの下部繰出し口に,供給間を接続したロートを装備し,ロートを繰出し口に連通接続した使用位置と,繰出し口から外れた近傍位置とにわたって案内移動し,両位置で固定支持するロート支持機構を設けたものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら,上記のような施肥機は,元来の構造として,作溝器によってほ場に作溝を掘る場合に,作溝深さがほ場表面から5cm以上になるように設定されているので,これらの施肥機を利用して肥料ホッパに種籾を入れ,肥料落下誘導ホースの導肥管を通じて種籾をほ場に播種しても,種籾の播種位置が深過ぎて種籾からの発芽,苗立が皆無となり,播種機として兼用することができない。また,種籾のほ場への播種深さを浅くするために,播種機の作溝器を短く形成すること,作溝器を短く切断すること,或いは田植機のフロートの底部を上げ底に設定するスペーサを介在させることが考えられるが,このような方法では,施肥機として使用できなくなり,スペーサ等の各種の部品を使用しなければならず,スペーサと脱着する作業等の手間が大きい等の問題が発生する。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の目的は,上記の課題を解決することであり,田植機に設けられた粒状肥料をほ場に施肥する施肥機を利用し,施肥機の作溝器と導肥管とを利用して播種用ガイド部材を脱着自在に取り付け,種籾の播種の時には播種用ガイド部材を取り付け,播種用ガイド部材に沿って種籾をほ場の表面から1〜2cmの深さに播種し,粒状肥料の施肥の時には播種用ガイド部材を取り外して施肥を行うことを可能にした水稲湛水直播き方法及びその播種機を提供することである。
【0007】
この発明は,粒状肥料用施肥機における作溝器によってほ場に溝を形成し,前記作溝器の通過に伴って前記作溝器を迂回して前記溝を埋めるように前記溝に流れ込んだ土壌上に播種用ガイド部材を使用して種籾を落下させて播種し,次いで前記種籾上に土壌が流れ込んでほ場表面から1〜2cmの深さに種籾が位置されることから成る施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き方法に関する。
【0008】
この水稲湛水直播き方法は,湛水されている前記ほ場に前記種籾を播種するか,又は湛水されていない前記ほ場に前記種籾を播種し,次いで所定量の水を前記ほ場に引き込んで湛水することが可能であり,代掻き後の前記ほ場に前記種籾が播種されるものである。
【0009】
また,この発明は,粒状肥料用施肥機における導肥管に連通して設けられた作溝器の背面側に隣接して配置された播種用ガイド部材を有し,前記播種用ガイド部材の上部が前記作溝器と前記導肥管との隙間に脱着可能に取り付けられ,前記播種用ガイド部材の下部が前記作溝器の前記背面から離れる後方へ屈曲状に傾斜し,前記播種用ガイド部材の下端が種籾を播種するほ場の表面から1〜2cm深さに設定されていることから成る施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き播種機に関する。
【0010】
また,前記播種用ガイド部材は,プラスチック製容器の口部への屈曲傾斜面の部分を切断して作製される。また,前記播種用ガイド部材は,前記種籾や前記土壌が付着せずに壁面に沿ってスムースに落下できる撥水性プラスチック材料で作製されている。
【0011】
この発明による水稲湛水直播き方法及びその播種機は,上記のように構成されているので,元々の粒状肥料を施肥する施肥機の機能を損なうことなく,また機構そのものを変更することなく,簡易に脱着可能な播種用ガイド部材を取り付けだけで水稲湛水直播きを可能にすることができる。また,播種用ガイド部材は,従来より市販されている粒状肥料を施肥する施肥機における作溝筒即ち作溝器と粒状肥料の落下誘導ホース即ち導肥管との隙間に簡易に挿入して固定されるので,従来の施肥機を設計変更する必要がない。また,播種用ガイド部材は,その下部を湾曲の傾斜を持つ形状であり,種籾が作溝器の背面から距離をおいた状態即ち隔置状態であり,種籾が作溝器の後方に落下されるので,作溝した溝には作溝器の通過に伴って柔らかい返り土壌が入り込み,その上に種籾が播種される状態になり,種籾上に更なる柔らかい返り土壌がかけられ,種籾はほ場表面から1〜2cm程度に位置し,発芽及び苗立が最も安定することになり,良好な直播きが可能になる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下,図面を参照して,この発明による水稲湛水直播き方法及びその播種機を説明する。図1はこの発明による水稲湛水直播き用播種機が取り付けられる田植機に設けた施肥機を示す概略斜視図,図2は図1の播種機の要部を示す説明図,図3は図1の播種機の要部を示し,施肥機の作溝器と導肥管との間に取り付けられた播種用ガイド部材を示す正面部,図4は図1の播種機によって種籾が播種されている状態を示す説明図,及び図5は播種用ガイド部材の作製状態を説明する概略図である。
【0013】
この水稲湛水直播き方法は,田植機1に設けられた粒状肥料用施肥機2における作溝器4によってほ場6に溝5を形成し,作溝器4の通過に伴って作溝器4を迂回して溝5を埋めるように溝5に流れ込んだ返り土壌15上に播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bにガイドされて種籾7を落下させて播種し,次いで種籾7上に返り土壌15が流れ込んでほ場表面14から1〜2cmの深さに種籾7が位置されるように播種される。
【0014】
種籾7は,湛水されているほ場6に播種されてもよく,また,湛水されていないほ場6に播種されてもよく,ほ場6が湛水されていない場合には,種籾7をほ場6に播種した後に,ほ場6に所定量の水を引き込んで湛水してもよいものである。また,ほ場6を代掻き後に,ほ場6に種籾7が播種されることが好ましい。
【0015】
この水稲湛水直播き方法を達成する水稲湛水直播き播種機は,植付け爪13やフロート12を備えた田植機1に設けられた粒状肥料をほ場6に施肥する施肥機2を利用するものである。この水稲湛水直播き播種機は,粒状肥料用施肥機2における導肥管8に連通して設けられた作溝器4の背面側に隣接して配置された播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bを有する。図4に示すように,播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bの上部は,作溝器4と導肥管8との隙間9に脱着可能に取り付けられ,特に,播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bの下部は,作溝器4の背面から離れる後方へ湾曲面16に屈曲して傾斜した屈曲先端部11に形成され,播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bの下端が種籾7を播種するほ場6のほ場表面14から1〜2cm深さに設定されるように構成されている。図3の(a)には,播種用ガイド部材10が作溝器4の背面に位置した状態の正面図が示されており,図3の(b)には播種用ガイド部材10の側面図が示されている。
【0016】
この水稲湛水直播き播種機は,播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bを作溝器4と導肥管8との隙間9に取り付けた場合には,播種機として作動させることができ,また,播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bを施肥機2から取り外せば,植付け爪13を用いて田植をする田植機として作動させたり,或いはホッパ3に粒状肥料を入れて肥料を施肥する施肥機2として作動させることができる。
【0017】
この水稲湛水直播き播種機の作動は,従来の粒状肥料の施肥の場合と同様であり,施肥機を播種機として作動する場合には,粒状肥料を入れるホッパ即ち種籾用ホッパ3に種籾7を入れる。種籾用ホッパ3に入れられた種籾7は,種籾用ホッパ3から繰出し装置17によって導肥管8へ送り込まれ,導肥管8から繰り出された種籾7は,播種用ガイド部材10にガイドされて,ほ場6に形成された溝5に流れ込んだ柔らかい返り土壌15上に播種される。次いで,種籾7上に返り土壌15が更に流れ込んで,ほ場表面14から1〜2cmの深さに種籾7が位置するようになる。
【0018】
播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bは,例えば,農薬等が入っていた廃品のポリ容器等のプラスチック製容器を利用して作製でき,プラスチック製容器の口部への屈曲傾斜面の部分を切断して作製される。また,播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bは,種籾7や泥土等が付着せずに,種籾7が壁面に沿ってスムースに落下できる撥水性のプラスチック材料で作製されることが好ましい。プラスチック製容器のポリエチレン材料は上記の条件を備えた材料であるので,内容物が空になったプラスチック製容器を使用すれば,播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bをいつでも簡単に容易に作製することができる。
【0019】
播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bの作製にあたっては,その型どりをするとすれば,ティッシュペーパの箱を形成する厚紙を使用し,施肥機2の作溝器4と導肥管8との隙間サイズに合わせて型取りすればよく,厚紙の型取り形状に合わせてプラスチック製容器を切る取ることによって作製できる。播種用ガイド部材10のサイズとしては,例えば,図5の(A)に示す播種用ガイド部材10A,或いは図5の(B)に示す播種用ガイド部材10Bのサイズや形状である。図5の(A)(a)は播種用ガイド部材10Aの平面図であり,図5の(A)(b)は播種用ガイド部材10Aの側面図である。播種用ガイド部材10Aは,例えば,幅が30mmであり,長さが85mmである。また,図5の(B)(a)は播種用ガイド部材10Bの平面図であり,図5の(B)(b)は播種用ガイド部材10Bの側面図である。播種用ガイド部材10Bは,例えば,幅が32mmであり,長さが130mmである。
【0020】
この発明による水稲湛水直播き播種機は,現在普及している粒状肥料対応の施肥田植機の施肥部を利用するものであり,泥土や種籾が付着し難い撥水性のプラスチック材料からなる播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bを,作溝器4と導肥管8との隙間に取り付けるだけであり,本来の施肥や田植の機能を全く損なわないものであり,そして,施肥や田植を行う場合には播種用ガイド部材10,10A,10Bを取り外せばよいものである。また,上記実施例では,水稲湛水直播き播種方法及び播種機について説明したが,ほ場6が湛水状態でなく,陸稲の場合でも,直播き播種方法及び播種機として容易に転用することができ,極めて有効なものである。
【0021】
この粒状肥料対応の施肥機を使用した水稲湛水直播き播種機によって,種籾の条巻き播種の試験を行ったところ,苗立率はカルパー粉衣籾で63%以上の成果であったが,苗立が不良な領域は落水の不十分なためであり,水の調節が影響すると考えられ,また,倒伏率も低い状態であった。勿論,苗立が発生しない所については補植を行った。また,種籾7を深いところ(4〜5cm)に播種した領域では,種籾7の発芽や苗立ができなかったことを考慮すると,種籾7の直播き深さは,ほ場表面14から1〜2cmの位置の場合に,発芽や苗立が最も良好であることが分かった。即ち,作溝器4で形成した溝5の深さ,例えば,5cmでは,種籾7の植えつけ深さは深過ぎることが分かった。また,この水稲湛水直播き播種機を用いた播種方法では,稲の生育,収穫量についても問題はなく,極めて実用価値の高いものであることが分かった。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
この発明による施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き方法及びその播種機は,上記のように構成したので,種籾がほ場にその表面から1〜2cmの深さに的確に良好に播種でき,種籾からの発芽や苗立が良好になり,粒状肥料用施肥機を播種機として兼用させることができる。また,この水稲湛水直播き方法は,種籾上に柔らかい土壌の戻りがあれば,ほ場での水の有無にかかわらず,ほ場への種籾の播種が可能であって発芽や苗立が良好であり,また,種籾上にかけられる土壌が軟質であれば発芽に対して好ましいものとなり,実用性は大きいものである。
【0023】
ところで,大規模稲作農家では,地域農家の田植作業等を受託している場合が多く,全面的な湛水直播き栽培への切り替えは困難な現状である。しかしながら,この発明による施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き方法及びその播種機を用いれば,田植機と湛水施肥機との両方を保有する上に,更に水稲湛水直播き用播種機の機能を有するので,利用効率がアップし,僅かな投資であり,コスト低減効果が大きいものとなり,導入面積に応じた育苗に係る資材費や労働費の減少がそのまま生産費の低下につながると共に,播種用ガイド部材の脱着のみの作業であるので,瞬時に切り替えができ,田植機や施肥機に切り替えでき,水稲湛水直播き用播種を取り入れることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明による水稲湛水直播き用播種機が取り付けられる田植機に設けた施肥機を示す概略斜視図である。
【図2】図1の播種機の要部を示す説明図である。
【図3】図1の播種機の要部を示し,施肥機の作溝器と導肥管との間に取り付けられた播種用ガイド部材を示す正面部である。
【図4】図1の播種機によって種籾が播種されている状態を示す説明図である。
【図5】播種用ガイド部材の作製状態を説明する概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 田植機
2 施肥機
3 粒状肥料又は種籾用のホッパ
4 作溝器
5 溝
6 ほ場
7 種籾
8 導肥管
9 隙間
10,10A,10B 播種用ガイド部材
11 屈曲先端部
14 ほ場表面
15 返り土壌
16 湾曲面
17 繰出し装置
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of direct sowing of paddy rice in which seeds are directly sowed on a field by using a fertilizer tube and a ditch cultivator of a fertilizer provided in a rice transplanter, and a seeding machine thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fertilizer applicators that fertilize granular fertilizer provided in rice transplanters on a field are known. A fertilizer is provided on these fertilizers, and a ditches are dug in the soil by the fertilizers, and granular fertilizer from a fertilizer hopper is fertilized in the ditches through a fertilizer pipe provided above the fertilizers. It is.
[0003]
As a feeding device for a fertilizer / seeder, a device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 64-52415 is known. The feeding device of the fertilizer / seeding machine is provided with a feeding device below the seed tank, a funnel case below the feeding device, and the inside of the funnel case is divided into two parts by a partition plate of a blower room. It is formed in a falling chamber, and the other is formed in a blowing chamber connected to a blowing fan.
[0004]
In addition, the powdery and granular material feeding and supplying apparatus for an agricultural machine disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-22242 is equipped with a funnel connecting the supply at a lower feeding port of a feeding hopper, and the funnel is connected to the feeding port. It is provided with a funnel support mechanism that guides and moves between a use position and a nearby position deviated from the feeding port, and fixedly supports at both positions.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the fertilizer applicator as described above is designed to have a depth of at least 5 cm from the surface of the field when digging a field with a groove generator as the original structure. Seeds are put into the fertilizer hopper using the fertilizer applicator, and the seeds are sown in the field through the fertilizer guide tube of the fertilizer drop-inducing hose. The seeding position of the seeds is too deep, and there is no germination or seedling from the seeds. , Can not be used as a sowing machine. Also, in order to reduce the seeding depth of the seed paddy into the field, the groover of the seeder should be formed short, the groover should be cut short, or the bottom of the float of the rice transplanter should be raised and set to the bottom. However, such a method cannot be used as a fertilizer and requires the use of various components such as spacers, and the work of attaching and detaching the spacers is troublesome. appear.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, using a fertilizer provided in a rice transplanter for fertilizing a granular fertilizer in a field, and using a fertilizer-forming device and a fertilizer tube. The sowing guide member is detachably attached. At the time of sowing of the seed rice, the sowing guide member is attached. The seed rice is sown along the sowing guide member at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the surface of the field, and the fertilization of the granular fertilizer is performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for direct sowing of paddy rice in which a fertilizer can be applied by removing a sowing guide member at times, and a sowing machine thereof.
[0007]
According to the present invention, a soil is formed in a field by a groove generator in a fertilizer for granular fertilizer, and the soil flows into the groove so as to bypass the groove generator and fill the groove with passage of the groove generator. Using a fertilizer, the seed rice was dropped and sown using a sowing guide member, and then the soil was poured onto the seed rice and the seed rice was positioned at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the surface of the field. It relates to the method of direct sowing in paddy rice.
[0008]
In this method of direct sowing of paddy rice, the seed paddy is sown in the flooded field, or the seed paddy is sown in the non-flooded field, and then a predetermined amount of water is drawn into the field. The seed paddy can be sowed in the field after scraping.
[0009]
The present invention also has a sowing guide member disposed adjacent to the back side of a groove generator provided in communication with a fertilizer tube in a fertilizer for granular fertilizer, and an upper part of the sowing guide member. Is detachably attached to a gap between the groove generator and the fertilizer tube, and a lower portion of the seeding guide member is inclined in a bent shape rearward away from the rear surface of the groover, and the seeding guide member is The present invention relates to a sowing machine for direct sowing of paddy rice using a fertilizer, the lower end of which is set at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the surface of a field where seeds are sown.
[0010]
Further, the seeding guide member is manufactured by cutting a part of the bent inclined surface to the mouth of the plastic container. Moreover, the seeding guide member, the seeds or the soil is made of a water repellent plastic material that can be dropped smoothly along the wall surface without adhering.
[0011]
The method for direct sowing of paddy rice according to the present invention and the seeding machine thereof are configured as described above, so that the function of the fertilizer for applying the original granular fertilizer is not impaired and the mechanism itself is not changed, and the method is simplified. It is possible to perform direct sowing of paddy rice only by attaching a detachable sowing guide member to the plant. In addition, the seeding guide member is easily inserted and fixed in the gap between the fertilizer applying fertilizer, which is conventionally available on the market, and the dropping hose of the fertilizer and the fertilizer pipe. Therefore, there is no need to change the design of the conventional fertilizer. Also, the seeding guide member has a shape with a curved slope at the lower part, and the seed rice is at a distance from the back of the groove generator, that is, in a spaced state, and the seed rice is dropped behind the groove generator. Therefore, soft return soil enters into the ditch, and the seed paddy is sown on it, and further soft return soil is put on the seed paddy. It is located about 1 to 2 cm from the surface, and germination and seedling establishment are most stable, and good direct sowing is possible.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a method for direct sowing of paddy rice according to the present invention and a sowing machine thereof will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a fertilizer applied to a rice transplanter to which a seeder for direct sowing of paddy rice according to the present invention is attached, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a main part of the seeder of FIG. 1, and FIG. 1 shows the main part of the seeder, and the front part shows the seeding guide member attached between the fertilizer and the fertilizer pipe. FIG. 4 shows the seeding by the seeder of FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the state, and FIG. 5 is a schematic view for explaining the state of production of the seeding guide member.
[0013]
According to this method of direct sowing in paddy rice, a groove 5 is formed in a field 6 by a groove generator 4 in a fertilizer applicator 2 for granular fertilizer provided in a rice transplanter 1, and the groove generator 4 is formed as the groove generator 4 passes. Seeding guide members 10, 10A and 10B guide the seeds 7 to drop and sow seeds on the return soil 15 that has flowed into the trenches 5 so as to fill the trenches 5 by detouring. The rice seeds 7 are sown so as to flow into the field surface 14 at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the field surface 14.
[0014]
The seed paddy 7 may be sown on the submerged field 6, or may be sown on a non-flooded field 6. If the field 6 is not submerged, the seed paddy 7 may be seeded. After sowing the seeds 6, a predetermined amount of water may be drawn into the field 6 and flooded. Further, it is preferable that seed rice 7 is sown on the field 6 after the field 6 is scraped.
[0015]
The rice-flooded direct sowing machine that achieves the method of directly sowing rice using a paddy rice uses the fertilizer applicator 2 provided on the rice transplanter 1 having the planting claws 13 and the float 12 for applying fertilizer to the field 6 with the granular fertilizer. . This direct sowing machine with submerged paddy rice is provided with sowing guide members 10, 10A, 10B arranged adjacent to the back side of the ditch cultivator 4 provided in communication with the fertilizer tube 8 in the fertilizer applicator 2 for granular fertilizer. Having. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper portions of the seeding guide members 10, 10 </ b> A, and 10 </ b> B are detachably attached to the gap 9 between the groove generator 4 and the fertilizer tube 8. The lower part of 10B is formed in the bent front end part 11 which is bent back to the curved surface 16 away from the back surface of the groove generator 4, and the lower end of the sowing guide members 10, 10A, 10B seeds the seed 7. 6 is configured to be set at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the field surface 14. FIG. 3A shows a front view of the state where the seeding guide member 10 is located on the back of the groove generator 4, and FIG. 3B shows a side view of the seeding guide member 10. It is shown.
[0016]
When the seeding guide members 10, 10A, and 10B are mounted in the gap 9 between the groove generator 4 and the fertilizer tube 8, the rice seeder can be operated as a seeder. If the sowing guide members 10, 10A, and 10B are removed from the fertilizer applicator 2, it can be operated as a rice transplanter for planting rice using the planting claws 13, or as a fertilizer 2 for applying fertilizer by putting granular fertilizer into the hopper 3. Can be operated.
[0017]
The operation of the direct sowing machine is the same as that of the conventional fertilizer with granular fertilizer. When the fertilizer is operated as a sowing machine, the seed rice 7 is put into a hopper 3 for putting the granular fertilizer, that is, a seed hopper 3. Put in. The seed rice 7 put in the seed rice hopper 3 is sent from the seed rice hopper 3 to the fertilizer pipe 8 by the feeding device 17, and the seed rice 7 fed from the fertilizer pipe 8 is guided by the sowing guide member 10. The seeds are sown on the soft return soil 15 flowing into the grooves 5 formed in the field 6. Next, the returning soil 15 further flows onto the seed paddy 7 and the seed paddy 7 is positioned at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the field surface 14.
[0018]
The seeding guide members 10, 10A, and 10B can be manufactured by using a plastic container such as a waste plastic container containing pesticides, for example, and cutting the bent inclined portion to the mouth of the plastic container. It is produced. Further, seeding guide members 10, 10A, 10B, without adhering seeds 7 or mud or the like, are preferably made of plastic material water repellent properties of seeds 7 can fall smoothly along the wall surface. Since the polyethylene material of the plastic container is a material satisfying the above conditions, the use of the empty plastic container allows the seeding guide members 10, 10A and 10B to be easily and easily produced at any time. be able to.
[0019]
When producing the seeding guide members 10, 10A and 10B, if they are to be molded, cardboard forming a box of tissue paper is used, and the gap size between the groove generator 4 of the fertilizer applicator 2 and the fertilizer tube 8 is used. It can be manufactured by cutting a plastic container according to the shape of the cardboard. The size of the sowing guide member 10 is, for example, the size or shape of the sowing guide member 10A shown in FIG. 5A or the sowing guide member 10B shown in FIG. 5B. FIGS. 5A and 5A are plan views of the seeding guide member 10A, and FIGS. 5A and 5B are side views of the seeding guide member 10A. The seeding guide member 10A has, for example, a width of 30 mm and a length of 85 mm. FIGS. 5B and 5A are plan views of the seeding guide member 10B, and FIGS. 5B and 5B are side views of the seeding guide member 10B. The seeding guide member 10B has, for example, a width of 32 mm and a length of 130 mm.
[0020]
Rice submerged Jikimaki sowing machine according to the present invention is to utilize the fertilization of fertilizer rice transplanter granular fertilizer corresponding that are presently in widespread use for seeding mud or seeds consists hardly water-repellent plastics material deposition The guide members 10, 10A, and 10B are simply attached to the gap between the groove generator 4 and the fertilizer tube 8, and do not impair the original fertilization and rice planting functions at all. In this case, the seeding guide members 10, 10A and 10B may be removed. Further, in the above embodiment, the direct sowing method and the sowing machine were described. However, even when the field 6 is not in the flooded state and the rice is upland, the direct sowing method and the sowing machine can be easily diverted. It is extremely effective.
[0021]
Using a seeder for direct sowing of paddy rice using a fertilizer applicable to this granular fertilizer, a test was conducted on the seed-rolling sowing of the seed paddy. The poorly standing area was due to insufficient water drop, which was considered to be affected by water regulation, and the lodging rate was low. Of course, supplemental planting was carried out where seedlings did not occur. In addition, in the area where the seed rice 7 was sown deep (4 to 5 cm), the direct seeding depth of the seed rice 7 was 1 to 2 cm from the field surface 14 in consideration of the fact that the seed rice 7 could not germinate or stand. It was found that germination and seedling establishment were most favorable in the case of position. That is, it was found that the seeding depth of the seed rice 7 was too deep with the depth of the groove 5 formed by the groove generator 4, for example, 5 cm. In addition, the seeding method using this direct sowing machine with paddy rice was not problematic in the growth and yield of rice, and was found to be of extremely high practical value.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
The method for direct sowing of paddy rice using a fertilizer applicator according to the present invention and the sowing machine are configured as described above, so that the seed rice can be sowed properly in the field at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the surface thereof, and from the seed rice. Germination and establishment of seedlings are improved, and the fertilizer for granular fertilizer can also be used as a sowing machine. In addition, this method of direct sowing of paddy rice in a submerged condition allows seeds to be sown on the field, regardless of the presence or absence of water in the field, as long as the soft soil returns on the seeds. In addition, if the soil applied on the seed rice is soft, it is preferable for germination, and the practicality is large.
[0023]
By the way, large-scale rice farmers are often outsourced to local farmers for rice transplanting and other tasks, and it is difficult to switch to full-fledged direct sowing cultivation. However, if the method of direct sowing of paddy rice using the fertilizer according to the present invention and the sowing machine are used, in addition to having both a rice transplanter and a submerged fertilizer, the function of the seeder for direct sowing of paddy rice is also provided. As a result, the utilization efficiency is improved, the investment is small, and the cost reduction effect is large. The reduction in the material cost and labor cost for raising seedlings according to the area of introduction leads to a reduction in production cost as well as for seeding. Since it is an operation that only involves attaching and detaching the guide member, it can be switched instantaneously, can be switched to a rice transplanter or fertilizer, and can be used for sowing for direct sowing of paddy rice.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a fertilizer applicator provided in a rice transplanter to which a sowing machine for direct sowing of paddy rice according to the present invention is attached.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a main part of the seeder in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a main part of the seeding machine of FIG. 1 and showing a seeding guide member attached between a fertilizer and a fertilizer pipe.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where seeds are being sown by the seeder of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of production of a seeding guide member.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rice transplanter 2 Fertilizer applicator 3 Hopper 4 for granular fertilizer or seed paddy 4 Groove device 5 Groove 6 Field 7 Seed pad 8 Fertilizer pipe 9 Crevice 10, 10A, 10B Seeding guide member 11 Bending tip part 14 Field surface 15 Return soil 16 Curved surface 17 feeding device

Claims (7)

粒状肥料用施肥機における作溝器によってほ場に溝を形成し,前記作溝器の通過に伴って前記作溝器を迂回して前記溝を埋めるように前記溝に流れ込んだ土壌上に播種用ガイド部材を使用して種籾を落下させて播種し,次いで前記種籾上に土壌が流れ込んでほ場表面から1〜2cmの深さに種籾が位置されることから成る施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き方法。A groove is formed in the field by a groove generator in the fertilizer for granular fertilizer, and the seeds are poured onto the soil flowing into the groove so as to fill the groove so as to bypass the groove generator and fill the groove with the passage of the groove generator. The seed rice is dropped and sown using the guide member, and then the soil is poured onto the seed rice and the seed rice is located at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the surface of the field. Method. 湛水されている前記ほ場に前記種籾を播種することから成る請求項1に記載の施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き方法。The method for direct sowing of paddy rice using a fertilizer according to claim 1, comprising sowing the seed paddy in the submerged field. 湛水されていない前記ほ場に前記種籾を播種し,次いで所定量の水を前記ほ場に引き込んで湛水することから成る請求項1に記載の施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seed paddy is sown in the non-flooded field, and then a predetermined amount of water is drawn into the field and immersed in the field. 代掻き後の前記ほ場に前記種籾が播種されることから成る請求項1に記載の施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き方法。The method for direct sowing of paddy rice using a fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the seed rice is sowed in the field after scraping. 粒状肥料用施肥機における導肥管に連通して設けられた作溝器の背面側に隣接して配置された播種用ガイド部材を有し,前記播種用ガイド部材の上部が前記作溝器と前記導肥管との隙間に脱着可能に取り付けられ,前記播種用ガイド部材の下部が前記作溝器の前記背面から離れる後方へ屈曲状に傾斜し,前記播種用ガイド部材の下端が種籾を播種するほ場の表面から1〜2cmの深さに設定されていることから成る施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き播種機。The fertilizer applicator for a granular fertilizer has a seeding guide member disposed adjacent to the back side of a channeling device provided in communication with a fertilizer tube, and an upper portion of the seeding guide member is connected to the channeling device. The seeding guide member is detachably attached to the gap with the fertilizer tube, the lower part of the sowing guide member is inclined in a bent shape rearward away from the rear surface of the groove generator, and the lower end of the sowing guide member sows seed rice. A sowing machine for direct sowing of paddy rice using a fertilizer that is set at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the surface of the seaside field. 前記播種用ガイド部材は,口部を有し且つ口部への屈曲傾斜面を有するプラスチック製容器の前記口部への屈曲傾斜面の部分を切断して作製されることから成る請求項5に記載の施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き播種機。The seeding guide member to claim 5 comprising from being produced by cutting a part of the bent inclined surface to said mouth portion of a plastic container having a bent inclined surface to and mouth has a mouth A direct sowing machine for paddy rice submerged using the described fertilizer applicator. 前記播種用ガイド部材は,前記種籾や前記土壌が付着せずに壁面に沿ってスムースに落下できる撥水性プラスチック材料で作製されていることから成る請求項5に記載の施肥機を利用した水稲湛水直播き播種機。Rice said seeding guide member utilizing the fertilization machine according to claim 5 which comprises the seeds or the soil is made of a water repellent plastic material that can be dropped smoothly along the wall surface without adhering Submerged direct sowing machine.
JP2001191613A 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Direct sowing method of paddy rice using fertilizer and seeding machine Expired - Fee Related JP3590934B2 (en)

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