JP3582116B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic member for wafer holder - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of ceramic member for wafer holder Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3582116B2
JP3582116B2 JP27765794A JP27765794A JP3582116B2 JP 3582116 B2 JP3582116 B2 JP 3582116B2 JP 27765794 A JP27765794 A JP 27765794A JP 27765794 A JP27765794 A JP 27765794A JP 3582116 B2 JP3582116 B2 JP 3582116B2
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Prior art keywords
wafer
brush
ceramic member
mask
ceramic
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JPH08139169A (en
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護 立野
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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  • Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
  • Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
  • Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
  • Preparing Plates And Mask In Photomechanical Process (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明はウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材とその作製方法に関し、より詳細にはSiウエハ、化合物半導体ウエハ、液晶基板(以下、液晶基板を含めてウエハと記す)の回路形成工程又は検査工程等に使用されるウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材とその作製方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
集積回路の高集積化に伴い、超微細パターン形成への要求が高まり、露光装置は高解像投影レンズを搭載した投影露光装置が主流になりつつある。投影レンズの高解像化に伴い、焦点深度は浅くなる傾向にあり、露光の対象となるウエハの平面性を厳密に維持する必要がある。特にウエハとウエハ保持面との間に介在する塵埃は1μm程度であってもウエハに凹凸が形成されて露光不良が生じるため無視することができない。そこで、このような塵埃の問題の解決を図るために、ウエハとウエハ保持台の接触面積を減少させることが考えられており、例えばウエハと接触する面の一部に溝部が形成されたウエハ保持台(特開平3−202246号公報)や、ピンコンタクト方式のウエハ保持台(特開昭62−24639号公報)が考案されている。
【0003】
しかし、前記溝部が形成されたウエハ保持台においては、ウエハと接触する面の面積が十分に小さいとは言えないため、塵埃等がウエハとウエハ保持台との間に存在する確率が高く、ウエハの露光不良が生じ易かった。
【0004】
そこで、通常はピンコンタクト方式のウエハ保持台、すなわちウエハ保持台の表面に均一な高さの突起部(ピン)が形成され、前記ウエハ保持台の一部に形成された貫通孔を介してウエハを真空引きすることにより吸引保持するウエハ保持台が使用されており、このウエハ保持台の突起部の形成方法として従来より様々な方法が考えられている。
【0005】
その第一の方法は、ウエハ保持台にマスクを貼り付けてエッチング処理を施し、マスクが貼り付けられた表面の一部だけが残るように前記エッチング処理を施すことによりウエハ保持台に突起部(ピン)を形成する方法である(例えば特開昭60−99538号公報、特開昭59−50537号公報、特公昭63−30781号公報、特公平3−4341号公報等)。
【0006】
しかし、形成する突起部の高さは数百μm程度になるので、セラミックス材料をエッチングすることによりそのような高さの突起部を形成しようとすればかなりの時間を要し、作製されたウエハ保持台は高価なものとなってしまう。従って通常は、比較的エッチングが容易なSiや金属等にエッチング処理を施して突起部を形成するが、これらの部材はセラミックスに比べて軟らかいために耐久性に欠け、何回も使用することにより突起部の先端が摩耗したり、欠損したりし、ウエハ保持台に載置したウエハの平面性を保てないという問題があった。
【0007】
そこで、機械的特性に優れた材料であるセラミックス基材の表面にマスクを貼り付け、砂等を前記セラミックス基材表面に吹きつけることにより突起部(ピン)を形成するサンドブラスト加工方法が提案されている(特開昭62−24639号公報等)。
【0008】
図4(a)は前記サンドブラスト加工により形成されたピンコンタクト方式のウエハ保持台を模式的に示した平面図であり、(b)はその断面図である。
【0009】
ウエハ保持台41の上部の周縁部分にはリム45が形成され、その内側には上記したサンドブラスト加工による多数の突起部42が形成されている。リム45の上面と突起部42の先端部分は同一平面に仕上げられており、その上にウエハ43が載置されるようになっている。また、ウエハ保持台41には減圧排気用貫通孔44が上面から側面を貫通するように形成されており、側面に形成された減圧排気用貫通孔44の出口にはニップル47が接続されている。そして、このニップル47は図示しない排気管を介して真空ポンプに接続されている。
【0010】
従って、図示しているようにウエハ43をウエハ保持台41に載置した後、真空ポンプを作動させ、ニップル47から排気を行うと、ウエハ43とウエハ保持台との間が減圧室46となり、この減圧室46が減圧され、ウエハ43は平面状態で保持される。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、前記したサンドブラスト加工により作製されたウエハ保持台41には以下のような課題があった。
【0012】
すなわち、前記したセラミックス基材表面にマスクを貼り付けてサンドブラスト加工を行う方法では、マスクの面積を余り小さくすることができないため、ウエハ43と接触する突起部42の先端部分の面積が大きくなってしまうという課題があった。すなわちセラミックス基材表面に貼り付けるマスクの面積を余り小さくしすぎると、サンドブラスト加工の途中でマスク自体が剥れてしまい、突起部42が一部形成されないからである。
【0013】
また、サンドブラスト加工により突起部42を形成すると、突起部42の上端と底部付近の太さを大きく変えることが難しく、突起部42が円柱状に近い形状となり、折れ易いという課題もあった。
【0014】
そこで本発明者らは、ウエハと接触する先端の面積が小さく、かつ折れにくい形状の突起部を形成することを目的として検討を重ねた結果、突起部の先端部分を先鋭化させることができ、かつ折れにくい形状のものとすることができる方法を見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明に係るウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材の作製方法は、突起部形成箇所にマスク材が貼り付けられた平板状のセラミックス基材表面にサンドブラスト加工処理を施し、該セラミックス基材に突起部を形成した後、さらに前記セラミックス基材の突起部が形成された部分に砥粒を付着させたブラシを用いてブラシ研磨処理を施すことを特徴としている。
【0016】
【作用】
本発明において作製の対象となるセラミックス部材の材料は、耐摩耗性等の機械的特性に優れたものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、その具体例としては、例えばアルミナ、ジルコニア等の酸化物系セラミックス、炭化珪素、窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム等の非酸化物系セラミックス等が挙げられる。
【0017】
本発明に係るウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材の作製方法においては、まず初めに、突起部形成箇所にマスク材が貼り付けられた平板状のセラミックス基材表面にサンドブラスト加工処理を施す。
【0018】
前記マスク材の貼り付け方法は特に限定されるものではないが、従来から行われているゴムシート等をセラミックス基材の表面に貼り付けた後、人間の手により加工を行う方法では、その精度に限界があり、量産も不可能である。従って、最近その技術が発達してきた凸版印刷用の写真製版の技術を応用する方法を採用することが好ましい。
【0019】
凸版印刷用の写真製版の技術を応用したマスク材の貼り付け方法の一例を、以下に示す。すなわち、まずポジ型又はネガ型の紫外線感光性樹脂を用いて板状体を形成した後この板状体をベースフィルムに貼り付け、次に、ネガフィルムを用いてマスク形成部分が残るように紫外線による感光を行い、未硬化の樹脂を溶剤で洗い出す。前記工程により、ベースフィルム上にマスク形成パターン状の紫外線感光性樹脂の硬化物が残る。このマスク形成パターン状の樹脂硬化物を有するベースフィルムの上に接着材シートを貼り付け、続いて前記シート状積層体をマスク形成部分が正確に重なるようにセラミックス基材表面に接着し、前記ベースフィルムを剥すことによりマスクの貼り付けを完了する。
【0020】
マスク形成用の紫外線感光性樹脂は、サンドブラスト加工により削られにくい弾性の大きなものである必要があり、具体例としては、例えばウレタン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂等が挙げられる。マスクの形状は特に限定されるものではないが、円形が好ましく、その直径は0.3〜0.5mm程度が好ましい。また、その厚さは0.05〜0.2mm程度が好ましい。
【0021】
マスクを貼り付けるセラミックス基材の表面は、高精度の平坦性が必要とされ、その精度は約0.005mm以下が好ましい。このような高精度の平坦面を形成するためには、前もって研削及びラッピング加工処理を行っておく必要がある。
【0022】
次に、マスク材が貼り付けられたセラミックス基材表面にサンドブラスト加工処理を施す。前記サンドブラスト加工処理では、従来から石やガラス等に文字や絵柄等を彫りつけるときに使用される方法を採用することができる。
【0023】
具体的には、研磨剤として、例えばアルミナ、炭化珪素等の平均粒径が7μm〜250μm程度の粒子を10〜200m/秒程度の速度でセラミックス基材表面に吹きつけ、前記セラミックス基材の表面の研磨を行うのが好ましい。
【0024】
これにより、マスク材が貼り付けられた部分は研磨されず、マスク材が貼り付けられた部分を残してセラミックス基材の表面が一定の深さに研磨され、突起部が形成される。突起部の高さは 0.1〜0.6mm程度が好ましい。
【0025】
前記方法によりサンドブラスト加工処理を施した後、前記セラミックス基材の突起部が形成された部分に砥粒を付着させたブラシを接触、移動させることによりブラシ研磨処理を施し、前記突起部を先鋭化させる。
【0026】
前記ブラシに付着させる砥粒は特に限定されるものではないが、その具体例としては、例えばダイヤモンド、アルミナ、立方晶窒化ホウ素、炭化珪素等が挙げられ、前記砥粒の平均粒径は1〜50μm程度が好ましい。
【0027】
前記ブラシに用いる毛は、高耐久性等の特性を有するものが好ましく、その材質としては、例えば耐熱ナイロン、ピアノ線、シンチュウ等の金属等が挙げられる。毛の直径は0.1〜1mm程度が好ましく、その長さは5〜30mm程度が好ましい。また、ブラシに植えられた毛の密度は100〜1000本/cm 程度が好ましい。
【0028】
ブラシへの砥粒の供給方法も、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば料理用の油(ラード)と前記砥粒とを混ぜ合わせ、ブラシ研磨処理を行う前にブラシの毛に塗り込む方法を採るのが好ましい。ラードを使用するのは、水性や通常用いられている油性の研磨液を使用すると、加工熱により研磨処理中に研磨液が蒸発し、そのために、常に研磨液を供給する必要があるが、ラードを使用した場合には、加工熱によりラードが適当な粘度を有する液となり、蒸発せず、長時間の研磨においても砥粒や研磨液を供給する必要がないからである。
【0029】
ブラシ研磨の方法としては、前記条件を満足するブラシを、突起を有するセラミックス基材の上に移動させた後、ブラシの毛が突起部全体に接触する程度の位置に固定し、ブラシとセラミックス基材の相対速度が、例えば0.5〜10m/秒の速度になるように回転又は往復運動させる方法を採ることができる。
【0030】
図1(a)〜(c)は前記ブラシ研磨処理により、どのように突起部の形状が変化したかを模式的に示した断面図であり、(a)はサンドブラス加工を施した直後の形状を示したもの、(b)はブラシ研磨の途中の形状を示したもの、(c)はブラシ研磨処理及びその後の研削処理が終了した後の形状を示したものである。
【0031】
図1(a)に示したように、サンドブラスト加工直後では、マスク材が貼り付けられた面とサンドブラスト加工により形成された突起部11aの側面とのなす角度(α)が70〜80°程度の比較的大きな角度になるようにサンドブラスト加工がなされている。次に、図1(b)に示したように、ブラシ研磨処理を施すことにより、主に突起部11aの上部が研磨され、上端部に曲面が形成されると共に突起部11bの上部が細くなっている。図1(c)は、前記研削加工により上端にごく小面積の平面が形成されると共に、さらに突起部11cの上部が細くなった状態を示している。
【0032】
前記方法により形成される突起部の上面の直径は0.2mm以下が好ましく、0.15〜0.2mm程度がより好ましい。
【0033】
上記構成のウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材の作製方法によれば、突起部形成箇所にマスク材が貼り付けられた平板状のセラミックス基材表面にサンドブラスト加工処理を施し、該セラミックス基材に突起部を形成した後、さらに前記セラミックス基材の突起部が形成された部分に砥粒を付着させたブラシを用いてブラシ研磨処理を施し、前記突起部を先鋭化するので、ウエハと接触する突起部の先端部分の平面の直径が0.2mm以下と小さくなり、かつ円柱形状に近い突起と異なり、下部になるに従って水平方向の断面積が次第に大きくなる形状、すなわち裾野の広い山形の形状を有する突起部が形成されるので、前記突起部は折れにくいという特性を有する。このときの突起部形状としては、図1(c)に示すごとく、先端部分からの平面の直径をD 、根本の直径をD 、根元から先端までの高さをhとした場合、D <h<D が望ましい。
【0034】
このような突起部が形成されたウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材を使用すると、ウエハとの接触面積がより小さくなる為、ウエハとウエハ保持台との間に入り込む塵埃が原因となる半導体装置の回路形成の際の露光不良が大きく低減される。
【0035】
【実施例】
以下、本発明に係るウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材の作製方法の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。
【0036】
図2はマスクが貼り付けられたウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材(以下、セラミックス部材ともいう)を模式的に示した平面図であり、図中、21はセラミックス部材、22(黒点)はマスクを示している。
【0037】
図2に示したような形状に、ウレタン系の紫外線硬化樹脂の硬化体からなるマスク22が貼り付けられたセラミックス部材21の表面に、サンドブラスト加工機により#180(平均粒径80μm)の研磨剤用アルミナ粉末を吹きつけ、サンドブラスト加工処理を施した。サンドブラスト加工の条件は、圧力4kg/cm 、アルミナ粉末の速度は50m/秒であり、このサンドブラスト加工処理を2時間続けて行うことにより、加工深さ(突起部高さ)が0.5mmになるまで研磨した。形成された突起部上端の平面部分の直径は0.4mmであった。
【0038】
前記研磨処理が施されたウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材21をブラシ研磨装置にかけ、ブラシ研磨処理を行った。
【0039】
図3(a)はブラシ研磨装置を模式的に示した斜視図であり、(b)はその側面図である。
【0040】
このブラシ研磨装置では、テーブル支持台35の上に回転テーブル31が配設され、この回転テーブル31の上にはセラミックス部材21が固定されている。一方、回転テーブル21の上方にはブラシ移動用部材34に接続されたブラシ33が配設されている。このブラシ移動用部材34にはモータが内蔵されており、前記モータとブラシ33の柄とが連結され、モータを回転させることによりブラシ33が一定速度が回転するようになっている。また、ブラシ移動用部材34は上下方向に移動が可能であり、これによりセラミックス部材21とブラシ33との距離を調整することができる。ブラシ33には0.3mmの直径を有する耐熱ナイロン製の毛が植毛されており、毛の長さは20mmで密度は400本/cm である。また、ブラシ33の毛の部分にはラードと混合されたダイヤモンド砥粒(平均粒径:5μm)を0.1g/cm の密度で付着させておいた。
【0041】
このようなブラシ研磨装置を使用してセラミックス部材21のブラシ研磨を行う際には、まず回転テーブル31の上にセラミックス部材21を固定し、回転テーブル31を一定速度で回転させる。一方、前記ダイヤモンド砥粒が付着したブラシ33を、図示している位置からさらに下方に移動させ、ブラシ33の毛の部分がサンドブラストにより形成された突起部の全面に接触する位置に設定した後、一定速度で回転させる。図3(b)に示したように、回転テーブル31の回転軸とブラシ33の回転軸とをずらしてあり、セラミックス部材21がブラシ33の下側に存在するときにブラシ研磨が行われるようになっている。回転テーブル31の上には、複数個のセラミックス部材21を固定することができるので、一度に複数個のセラミックス部材21のブラシ研磨処理を行うことができる。
【0042】
上記ブラシ研磨装置を使用し、セラミックス部材21とブラシ33の毛との相対的な移動速度が1.5〜2m/秒になるように回転テーブル31及びブラシ33の回転速度を調節し、20時間ブラシ研磨処理を行った。
【0043】
このブラシ研磨処理の後、セラミックス部材21の表面に短時間研削加工処理を施すことにより、図1(c)に示したような形状の突起部11cを形成した。突起部11c上端の平面の直径(D )は0.1mm、根元の直径(D )は1.8mm、根元より先端までの高さ(h)は0.5mmであった。
【0044】
その後、真空吸引用の貫通孔等を形成することによりウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材21の作製を完了した。
【0045】
なお、比較例として、上記実施例の場合と同様にサンドブラスト加工を行った後、ブラシ研磨処理は行わずに、その後は実施例の場合と同様にしてウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材を作製した。
【0046】
次に、実施例及び比較例に係るウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材をウエハ保持台に配設し、ウエハー露光作業を数千枚連続して行なった結果、実施例に係るウエハー保持台の場合は比較例に係るウエハ保持台の場合と比較して約2%のウエハー露光不良率の向上が可能となった。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように本発明に係るウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材の作製方法にあっては、突起部形成箇所にマスク材が貼り付けられた平板状のセラミックス基材表面にサンドブラスト加工処理を施し、該セラミックス基材に突起部を形成した後、さらに前記セラミックス基材の突起部が形成された部分に砥粒を付着させたブラシを用いてブラシ研磨処理を施し、前記突起部を先鋭化するので、ウエハと接触する突起部の先端部分の平面の直径を0.2mm以下と小さくすることができ、かつ下部になるに従って水平方向の断面積が次第に大きくなる形状、すなわち裾野の広い山形の、折れにくい形状を有する突起部を形成することができる。
【0048】
前記突起部が形成されたウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材を使用することにより、ウエハとの接触面積を小さくすることができ、ウエハとウエハ保持台との間に入り込む塵埃が原因となる半導体装置の回路形成の際の露光不良を大きく低減させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)〜(c)はブラシ研磨処理により、どのように突起部の形状が変化したかを模式的に示した断面図であり、(a)はサンドブラス加工を施した直後の形状を示したもの、(b)はブラシ研磨の途中の形状を示したもの、(c)はブラシ研磨処理及びその後の研削処理が終了した後の形状を示したものである。
【図2】マスクが貼り付けられたウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材を模式的に示した平面図である。
【図3】(a)はブラシ研磨装置を模式的に示した斜視図であり、(b)はその側面図である。
【図4】(a)は従来のサンドブラスト加工方法により形成されたピンコンタクト方式のウエハ保持台を模式的に示した平面図であり、(b)はその断面図である。
【符号の説明】
11a、11b、11c 突起部
21 セラミックス部材
22 マスク
33 ブラシ
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a ceramic member for a wafer holding table and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a ceramic member for a Si wafer, a compound semiconductor wafer, a liquid crystal substrate (hereinafter, referred to as a wafer including a liquid crystal substrate) in a circuit forming step or an inspection step, and the like. a method of manufacturing a wafer holder for the ceramic member and its being.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With the increase in the degree of integration of integrated circuits, the demand for forming ultra-fine patterns has increased, and as the exposure apparatus, a projection exposure apparatus equipped with a high-resolution projection lens has become mainstream. As the resolution of the projection lens increases, the depth of focus tends to be shallow, and it is necessary to strictly maintain the flatness of the wafer to be exposed. In particular, even if the dust interposed between the wafer and the wafer holding surface is about 1 μm, the unevenness is formed on the wafer and exposure failure occurs, so that it cannot be ignored. Therefore, in order to solve such a problem of dust, it has been considered to reduce the contact area between the wafer and the wafer holding table. For example, a wafer holding device in which a groove is formed in a part of the surface that comes into contact with the wafer is considered. A table (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-202246) and a pin contact type wafer holding table (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-24639) have been devised.
[0003]
However, in the wafer holding table in which the grooves are formed, the area of the surface that comes into contact with the wafer cannot be said to be sufficiently small, so that there is a high probability that dust and the like exist between the wafer and the wafer holding table. Was likely to cause poor exposure.
[0004]
Therefore, usually, a projection (pin) having a uniform height is formed on the surface of the wafer holding table of the pin contact type, that is, the wafer holding table, and the wafer is inserted through a through hole formed in a part of the wafer holding table. There is used a wafer holding table that sucks and holds the wafer by vacuuming, and various methods have been conventionally considered as a method of forming the projection of the wafer holding table.
[0005]
In the first method, a mask is attached to a wafer holder, an etching process is performed, and the etching process is performed so that only a part of the surface to which the mask is attached remains, so that a protrusion ( (For example, JP-A-60-99538, JP-A-59-50537, JP-B-63-30781, JP-B-3-4341 and the like).
[0006]
However, since the height of the projection to be formed is about several hundred μm, it takes a considerable amount of time to form a projection having such a height by etching a ceramic material. The holding table is expensive. Therefore, usually, an etching process is performed on Si or metal, which is relatively easy to etch, to form projections. However, since these members are softer than ceramics, they lack durability and are often used repeatedly. There has been a problem that the tips of the protruding portions are worn or chipped, and the flatness of the wafer placed on the wafer holding table cannot be maintained.
[0007]
Therefore, a sandblasting method has been proposed in which a mask is attached to the surface of a ceramic base material, which is a material having excellent mechanical properties, and a projection (pin) is formed by spraying sand or the like on the surface of the ceramic base material. (JP-A-62-24639).
[0008]
FIG. 4A is a plan view schematically showing a pin contact type wafer holding table formed by the sandblasting, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view thereof.
[0009]
A rim 45 is formed at a peripheral portion of an upper portion of the wafer holding table 41, and a large number of protrusions 42 formed by the above-described sandblasting are formed inside the rim 45. The upper surface of the rim 45 and the tip of the protrusion 42 are finished to the same plane, and the wafer 43 is mounted thereon. Further, a reduced-pressure exhaust through-hole 44 is formed in the wafer holding table 41 so as to penetrate from the upper surface to the side surface, and a nipple 47 is connected to an outlet of the reduced-pressure exhaust through-hole 44 formed in the side surface. . The nipple 47 is connected to a vacuum pump via an exhaust pipe (not shown).
[0010]
Therefore, as shown in the drawing, after the wafer 43 is placed on the wafer holding table 41, the vacuum pump is operated and the air is exhausted from the nipple 47, so that the space between the wafer 43 and the wafer holding table becomes the decompression chamber 46, The pressure in the decompression chamber 46 is reduced, and the wafer 43 is held in a flat state.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the wafer holder 41 manufactured by the sand blast processing has the following problems.
[0012]
That is, in the above-described method in which the mask is attached to the surface of the ceramic base material to perform the sandblasting, the area of the mask cannot be reduced so much. There was a problem of getting it. That is, if the area of the mask to be attached to the surface of the ceramic base material is too small, the mask itself peels off during sandblasting, and the projection 42 is not partially formed.
[0013]
Further, when the protrusion 42 is formed by sandblasting, it is difficult to greatly change the thickness near the upper end and the bottom of the protrusion 42, and the protrusion 42 has a shape close to a columnar shape, and has a problem that it is easily broken.
[0014]
Therefore, the present inventors have repeatedly studied for the purpose of forming a protrusion having a small area at the tip that comes into contact with the wafer and a shape that is difficult to break, and as a result, the tip of the protrusion can be sharpened. The present inventors have found a method capable of forming a shape that is hardly broken, and have completed the present invention.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a method of manufacturing a ceramic member for a wafer holding table according to the present invention is to perform a sandblasting process on a surface of a flat ceramic base material on which a mask material is stuck on a projection forming portion, After the projections are formed on the substrate, a brush polishing process is further performed using a brush having abrasive grains adhered to the portions of the ceramic substrate on which the projections are formed.
[0016]
[Action]
The material of the ceramic member to be produced in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has excellent mechanical properties such as abrasion resistance. Specific examples thereof include, for example, alumina and zirconia. Non-oxide ceramics such as oxide ceramics, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and aluminum nitride are exemplified.
[0017]
In the method of manufacturing a ceramic member for a wafer holding table according to the present invention, first, a sandblasting process is performed on a surface of a flat ceramic base material on which a mask material is stuck at a position where a protrusion is to be formed.
[0018]
The method of attaching the mask material is not particularly limited, but the method of pasting a rubber sheet or the like on the surface of the ceramic base material and performing processing by a human hand, which has been conventionally performed, has a high accuracy. Is limited and mass production is not possible. Therefore, it is preferable to adopt a method of applying the photolithography technology for letterpress printing, which technology has recently been developed.
[0019]
An example of a method of attaching a mask material to which photolithography technology for letterpress printing is applied will be described below. That is, first, a plate is formed using a positive-type or negative-type ultraviolet-sensitive resin, and then the plate is attached to a base film. And the uncured resin is washed out with a solvent. By the above-described process, a cured product of the ultraviolet-sensitive resin in a mask forming pattern remains on the base film. An adhesive sheet is stuck on a base film having a resin cured product in the form of a mask forming pattern, and then the sheet-like laminate is adhered to the surface of the ceramic base material so that the mask forming portion accurately overlaps the base material. The mask is completed by peeling off the film.
[0020]
The ultraviolet-sensitive resin for forming the mask needs to have a large elasticity that is not easily removed by sandblasting, and specific examples include urethane-based resins and acrylic-based resins. The shape of the mask is not particularly limited, but is preferably a circle, and the diameter is preferably about 0.3 to 0.5 mm. Further, the thickness is preferably about 0.05 to 0.2 mm.
[0021]
The surface of the ceramic base material on which the mask is to be adhered needs high-precision flatness, and the accuracy is preferably about 0.005 mm or less. In order to form such a highly accurate flat surface, it is necessary to perform grinding and lapping processing in advance.
[0022]
Next, sandblasting is performed on the surface of the ceramic base material to which the mask material has been attached. In the sandblasting process, a method conventionally used for engraving characters, patterns, and the like on stone, glass, or the like can be employed.
[0023]
Specifically, as an abrasive, particles having an average particle size of, for example, about 7 μm to 250 μm, such as alumina and silicon carbide, are sprayed onto the surface of the ceramic base at a speed of about 10 to 200 m / sec. Is preferably polished.
[0024]
As a result, the portion to which the mask material is attached is not polished, and the surface of the ceramic base is polished to a certain depth except for the portion to which the mask material is attached, thereby forming a projection. The height of the projection is preferably about 0.1 to 0.6 mm.
[0025]
After performing the sand blasting process by the above-described method, a brush having abrasive particles attached to a portion of the ceramic substrate on which the protrusion is formed is brought into contact with and moved by a brush polishing process to sharpen the protrusion. Let it.
[0026]
The abrasive grains to be attached to the brush are not particularly limited, but specific examples thereof include, for example, diamond, alumina, cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide, and the like. About 50 μm is preferable.
[0027]
The bristles used for the brush are preferably those having characteristics such as high durability, and examples of the material include metals such as heat-resistant nylon, piano wire and Shinchu. The diameter of the hair is preferably about 0.1 to 1 mm, and its length is preferably about 5 to 30 mm. Further, the density of the bristles planted in the brush is preferably about 100 to 1000 bristles / cm 3 .
[0028]
The method of supplying the abrasive grains to the brush is not particularly limited. For example, a method in which cooking oil (lard) is mixed with the abrasive grains, and the mixture is applied to the brush bristles before performing the brush polishing treatment. Is preferred. When using an aqueous or oil-based polishing liquid, the polishing liquid evaporates during the polishing process due to the processing heat, and therefore it is necessary to always supply the polishing liquid. When l is used, lard becomes a liquid having an appropriate viscosity due to processing heat, does not evaporate, and it is not necessary to supply abrasive grains or a polishing liquid even during long-time polishing.
[0029]
As a method of brush polishing, a brush satisfying the above conditions is moved onto a ceramic base having projections, and then fixed at a position where the bristles of the brush are in contact with the entire projections. A method of rotating or reciprocating the material so that the relative speed of the material is, for example, 0.5 to 10 m / sec can be adopted.
[0030]
FIGS. 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views schematically showing how the shape of the protruding portion has been changed by the brush polishing process, and FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view immediately after sandblasting. (B) shows the shape during brush polishing, and (c) shows the shape after the brush polishing process and the subsequent grinding process are completed.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 1A, immediately after the sandblasting, the angle (α) between the surface on which the mask material is stuck and the side surface of the protrusion 11a formed by the sandblasting is about 70 to 80 °. Sandblasting is performed so as to form a relatively large angle. Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, the upper portion of the projection 11a is mainly polished by performing a brush polishing process, so that a curved surface is formed at the upper end and the upper portion of the projection 11b is thinned. ing. FIG. 1C shows a state in which a plane having a very small area is formed at the upper end by the grinding process, and the upper portion of the protrusion 11c is further narrowed.
[0032]
The diameter of the upper surface of the projection formed by the above method is preferably 0.2 mm or less, more preferably about 0.15 to 0.2 mm.
[0033]
According to the method for manufacturing a ceramic member for a wafer holding table having the above structure, a surface of a flat ceramic base material on which a mask material is stuck at a protruding portion forming portion is subjected to sandblasting, and the protruding portion is formed on the ceramic base material. After the formation, furthermore, a brush polishing process is performed using a brush having abrasive grains adhered to the portion where the protrusions of the ceramic base material are formed, and the protrusions are sharpened, so that the protrusions in contact with the wafer are formed. Unlike a protrusion having a flat surface with a diameter of 0.2 mm or less at the tip portion and having a columnar shape, the protrusion has a shape in which the horizontal cross-sectional area gradually increases toward the bottom, that is, a mountain shape with a wide skirt. Is formed, so that the protrusion has a characteristic that it is not easily broken. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1C, when the diameter of the plane from the tip is D 1 , the diameter of the root is D 2 , and the height from the root to the tip is h, as shown in FIG. 1 <h <D 2 is preferred.
[0034]
When a ceramic member for a wafer holder having such a projection is used, the contact area with the wafer becomes smaller, so that dust entering between the wafer and the wafer holder causes circuit formation of a semiconductor device. In this case, the exposure failure is greatly reduced.
[0035]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a ceramic member for a wafer holding table according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0036]
FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a ceramic member for a wafer holder (hereinafter, also referred to as a ceramic member) to which a mask has been attached. In the drawing, reference numeral 21 denotes a ceramic member, and 22 (black dots) denotes a mask. ing.
[0037]
An abrasive of # 180 (average particle size: 80 μm) is applied by a sand blasting machine to the surface of the ceramic member 21 on which a mask 22 made of a cured body of a urethane-based ultraviolet curable resin is attached in a shape as shown in FIG. Alumina powder was sprayed and subjected to sandblasting. The conditions of the sandblasting were as follows: the pressure was 4 kg / cm 2 , and the speed of the alumina powder was 50 m / sec. By continuously performing the sandblasting for 2 hours, the working depth (projection height) was reduced to 0.5 mm. Polished until it was. The diameter of the flat portion at the upper end of the formed protrusion was 0.4 mm.
[0038]
The polished ceramic member 21 for a wafer holder was subjected to a brush polishing apparatus to perform a brush polishing process.
[0039]
FIG. 3A is a perspective view schematically showing a brush polishing apparatus, and FIG. 3B is a side view thereof.
[0040]
In this brush polishing apparatus, a rotary table 31 is disposed on a table support 35, and the ceramic member 21 is fixed on the rotary table 31. On the other hand, above the rotary table 21, a brush 33 connected to a brush moving member 34 is provided. The brush moving member 34 has a built-in motor, and the motor and the handle of the brush 33 are connected to each other. By rotating the motor, the brush 33 rotates at a constant speed. In addition, the brush moving member 34 can be moved in the vertical direction, so that the distance between the ceramic member 21 and the brush 33 can be adjusted. Heat-resistant nylon bristles having a diameter of 0.3 mm are implanted in the brush 33, the length of the bristles is 20 mm, and the density is 400 / cm 2 . In addition, diamond abrasive grains (average particle size: 5 μm) mixed with lard were attached to the bristle portion of the brush 33 at a density of 0.1 g / cm 3 .
[0041]
When performing brush polishing of the ceramic member 21 using such a brush polishing apparatus, first, the ceramic member 21 is fixed on the rotary table 31 and the rotary table 31 is rotated at a constant speed. On the other hand, the brush 33 to which the diamond abrasive grains are attached is further moved downward from the position shown in the drawing, and after the bristle portion of the brush 33 is set at a position where it contacts the entire surface of the protrusion formed by sandblasting, Rotate at a constant speed. As shown in FIG. 3B, the rotation axis of the rotary table 31 and the rotation axis of the brush 33 are shifted from each other so that the brush polishing is performed when the ceramic member 21 is located below the brush 33. Has become. Since the plurality of ceramic members 21 can be fixed on the turntable 31, the brush polishing of the plurality of ceramic members 21 can be performed at one time.
[0042]
The rotation speed of the turntable 31 and the brush 33 is adjusted using the above-mentioned brush polishing apparatus so that the relative movement speed between the ceramic member 21 and the bristles of the brush 33 is 1.5 to 2 m / sec. A brush polishing process was performed.
[0043]
After the brush polishing process, the surface of the ceramic member 21 was subjected to a short-time grinding process, thereby forming a protrusion 11c having a shape as shown in FIG. 1C. The diameter (D 1 ) of the plane at the upper end of the projection 11c was 0.1 mm, the diameter (D 2 ) of the root was 1.8 mm, and the height (h) from the root to the tip was 0.5 mm.
[0044]
Thereafter, by forming through holes for vacuum suction and the like, the production of the ceramic member 21 for the wafer holding table was completed.
[0045]
As a comparative example, after performing sand blasting in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, a brush polishing process was not performed, and thereafter, a ceramic member for a wafer holder was manufactured in the same manner as in the embodiment.
[0046]
Next, the ceramic members for the wafer holder according to the example and the comparative example were disposed on the wafer holder, and several thousand wafer exposure operations were continuously performed. As a result, the wafer holder according to the example was compared. The wafer exposure defect rate can be improved by about 2% as compared with the case of the wafer holding table according to the example.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, in the method for manufacturing a ceramic member for a wafer holding table according to the present invention, a sandblasting process is performed on a surface of a flat ceramic base material on which a mask material is adhered to a projection forming portion, After the protrusions are formed on the ceramic base material, a brush polishing process is further performed using a brush having abrasive particles attached to the portions of the ceramic base material where the protrusions are formed, and the protrusions are sharpened. A shape in which the plane diameter of the front end portion of the protruding portion in contact with the wafer can be reduced to 0.2 mm or less, and the horizontal cross-sectional area gradually increases toward the bottom, that is, a chevron with a wide skirt A projection having a difficult shape can be formed.
[0048]
The use of the ceramic member for a wafer holder on which the projections are formed can reduce the contact area with the wafer, and the circuit of the semiconductor device caused by dust entering between the wafer and the wafer holder. Exposure defects at the time of formation can be greatly reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c) are cross-sectional views schematically showing how the shape of a projection has changed by brush polishing, and FIG. 1 (a) is a view immediately after sandblasting. (B) shows the shape during the brush polishing, and (c) shows the shape after the brush polishing process and the subsequent grinding process are completed.
FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a ceramic member for a wafer holder to which a mask is attached.
FIG. 3A is a perspective view schematically showing a brush polishing apparatus, and FIG. 3B is a side view thereof.
FIG. 4A is a plan view schematically showing a pin contact type wafer holding table formed by a conventional sandblasting method, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view thereof.
[Explanation of symbols]
11a, 11b, 11c Projecting portion 21 Ceramic member 22 Mask 33 Brush

Claims (1)

突起部形成箇所にマスク材が貼り付けられた平板状のセラミックス基材表面にサンドブラスト加工処理を施し、該セラミックス基材に突起部を形成した後、さらに前記セラミックス基材の突起部が形成された部分に砥粒を付着させたブラシを用いてブラシ研磨処理を施すことにより、突起部の上部を細くすることを特徴とするウエハ保持台用セラミックス部材の作製方法。After performing a sandblasting process on the surface of the plate-shaped ceramic base material on which the mask material was stuck on the protruding portion forming portions and forming the protruding portions on the ceramic base material, the protruding portions of the ceramic base material were further formed. A method for producing a ceramic member for a wafer holding table, characterized in that an upper portion of a protrusion is thinned by performing a brush polishing process using a brush having abrasive grains adhered to a portion.
JP27765794A 1994-11-11 1994-11-11 Manufacturing method of ceramic member for wafer holder Expired - Lifetime JP3582116B2 (en)

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JPH10144777A (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-29 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Vacuum suction device
JP3732060B2 (en) * 1999-12-20 2006-01-05 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Suction plate and vacuum suction device
JP2001274227A (en) * 2000-03-27 2001-10-05 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Method of manufacturing ceramic member for holding wafer
JP4094262B2 (en) * 2001-09-13 2008-06-04 住友大阪セメント株式会社 Adsorption fixing device and manufacturing method thereof
JP4278441B2 (en) * 2002-06-28 2009-06-17 コバレントマテリアル株式会社 Semiconductor wafer processing components
US7050147B2 (en) * 2004-07-08 2006-05-23 Asml Netherlands B.V. Method of adjusting a height of protrusions on a support surface of a support table, a lithographic projection apparatus, and a support table for supporting an article in a lithographic apparatus
JP4722006B2 (en) * 2006-02-23 2011-07-13 京セラ株式会社 Sample holder
JP5014495B2 (en) * 2006-02-23 2012-08-29 京セラ株式会社 Sample holder
JP4855366B2 (en) * 2007-10-04 2012-01-18 株式会社アルバック Cleaning method for electrostatic chuck
US20090122458A1 (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-14 Varian Semiconductor Epuipment Associated, Inc. Embossed electrostatic chuck
JP2010016176A (en) * 2008-07-03 2010-01-21 Kyocera Corp Test piece holder
JP5063797B2 (en) * 2011-05-23 2012-10-31 京セラ株式会社 Adsorption member, adsorption device, and adsorption method
JP6148084B2 (en) * 2013-06-26 2017-06-14 京セラ株式会社 Adsorption member
JP6592188B2 (en) * 2016-03-30 2019-10-16 京セラ株式会社 Adsorption member
JP6650345B2 (en) * 2016-05-26 2020-02-19 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Substrate holding device and method of manufacturing the same

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