JP3473606B2 - Flow rate measuring device and program for making this device function - Google Patents
Flow rate measuring device and program for making this device functionInfo
- Publication number
- JP3473606B2 JP3473606B2 JP2002011333A JP2002011333A JP3473606B2 JP 3473606 B2 JP3473606 B2 JP 3473606B2 JP 2002011333 A JP2002011333 A JP 2002011333A JP 2002011333 A JP2002011333 A JP 2002011333A JP 3473606 B2 JP3473606 B2 JP 3473606B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- flow rate
- reference voltage
- ultrasonic
- measuring device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は超音波を利用してガ
スなどの流量を計測する流量計測装置及びこの装置を機
能させるためのプログラムに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flow rate measuring device for measuring the flow rate of gas or the like using ultrasonic waves and a program for operating this device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来のこの種の流量計測装置は図１４に
示すようなものが一般的であった。この装置は流体の流
れる流路３１に設置した超音波振動子３２および第２超
音波振動子３３と、第１超音波振動子３２、第２超音波
振動子３３の送受信を切り換える切換手段３４と、第１
超音波振動子３２及び第２超音波振動子３３を駆動する
送信手段３５と、受信側の超音波振動子で受信し切り替
え手段３４を通過した信号を所定の振幅まで増幅する増
幅手段３６と、増幅手段３６で増幅された受信信号の電
圧と基準電圧とを比較する基準比較手段３７と、図１５
に示すように基準比較手段３７で基準電圧と比較し大小
関係が反転した後の増幅信号の最初のゼロクロス点ａで
繰り返し手段３９へ出力信号Ｄを出力する判定手段３８
と、この判定手段３８からの信号をカウントし予め設定
された回数だけカウントすると共に判定手段３８からの
信号を制御手段４２へ出力する繰り返し手段３９と、繰
り返し手段３９で予め設定された回数をカウントした時
間を計時する計時手段４０と、計時手段４０の計時した
時間に応じて流量を算出する流量算出手段４１と、流量
算出手段４１から算出された流量出力、繰り返し手段３
９からの信号を受け送信手段３５の動作を制御する制御
手段４２と、判定手段３８、繰り返し手段３９、計時手
段４０、流量算出手段４１、制御手段４２から構成され
ている。この装置は制御手段４２により送信手段３５を
動作させ超音波振動子３２で発信された超音波信号が、
流れの中を伝搬し第２超音波振動子３３で受信され、増
幅手段３６で増幅後、基準比較手段３７と判定手段３８
で信号処理され、繰り返し手段３９を通り制御手段４２
に入力される。この動作を予め設定されたｎ回数繰り返
し行い、この間の時間を計時手段４０により測定する。
そして、第１超音波振動子３２と第２超音波振動子３３
とを切換手段３４により切り替えて、同様な動作を行
い、被測定流体の上流から下流（この方向を正流とす
る）と下流から上流（この方向を逆流とする）のそれぞ
れの伝搬時間を測定し、（式１）より流量Ｑを求めてい
た（超音波振動子間の流れ方向の有効距離をＬ、上流か
ら下流へのｎ回分の測定時間をｔ１、下流から上流への
ｎ回分の測定時間をｔ２、被測定流体の流速をｖ、流路
の断面積をＳ、センサ角度をφ、流量をＱとする）。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional flow measuring device of this type is generally shown in FIG. This device includes an ultrasonic transducer 32 and a second ultrasonic transducer 33 installed in a flow path 31 of a fluid, and a switching means 34 for switching between transmission and reception of the first ultrasonic transducer 32 and the second ultrasonic transducer 33. , First
A transmitting means 35 for driving the ultrasonic transducer 32 and the second ultrasonic transducer 33; an amplifying means 36 for amplifying a signal received by the ultrasonic transducer on the receiving side and passing through the switching means 34 to a predetermined amplitude; Reference comparing means 37 for comparing the voltage of the received signal amplified by the amplifying means 36 with the reference voltage, and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the judgment means 38 outputs the output signal D to the repeating means 39 at the first zero-cross point a of the amplified signal after being compared with the reference voltage by the reference comparing means 37 and the magnitude relationship is inverted.
And a repeating means 39 for counting the signal from the judging means 38 and counting the preset number of times and outputting the signal from the judging means 38 to the control means 42, and counting the preset number of times by the repeating means 39. The time measuring means 40 for measuring the time, the flow rate calculating means 41 for calculating the flow rate according to the time measured by the time measuring means 40, the flow rate output calculated by the flow rate calculating means 41, and the repeating means 3
It comprises a control means 42 for controlling the operation of the transmission means 35, which receives a signal from the control unit 9, a determination means 38, a repeating means 39, a time counting means 40, a flow rate calculating means 41, and a control means 42. In this device, the control means 42 operates the transmission means 35 so that the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 32 is
It propagates in the flow, is received by the second ultrasonic transducer 33, is amplified by the amplification means 36, and is then compared by the reference comparison means 37 and the determination means 38.
Signal processing is performed by the control means 42 through the repeating means 39.
Entered in. This operation is repeated n times set in advance, and the time interval is measured by the time measuring means 40.
Then, the first ultrasonic transducer 32 and the second ultrasonic transducer 33
Is switched by the switching means 34, and the same operation is performed to measure the respective propagation times of the fluid to be measured from upstream to downstream (this direction is a forward flow) and from downstream to upstream (this direction is a reverse flow). Then, the flow rate Q is obtained from (Equation 1) (the effective distance in the flow direction between the ultrasonic transducers is L, the measurement time for n times from upstream to downstream is t1, and the measurement for n times from downstream to upstream is measured. The time is t2, the flow velocity of the fluid to be measured is v, the cross-sectional area of the flow path is S, the sensor angle is φ, and the flow rate is Q).
【０００３】
Ｑ＝Ｓ・ｖ＝Ｓ・Ｌ／２・ｃｏｓφ（（ｎ／ｔ１）−（ｎ／ｔ２））・・・（式
１）
（実際には、式１に流量に応じた係数を乗じて流量を算
出する）また、増幅手段３６のゲインは受信側の超音波
振動子で受信した信号を一定振幅となるようゲインを調
整しており前述の流量計測毎に流量計測後、繰り返し手
段３９に計測時より少ない回数を設定し、再度超音波信
号の送受信を行い、その時の受信信号のピーク電圧値が
所定の電圧範囲に入るように調整される。これは繰り返
し手段３９に設定された回数の計測を繰り返し中に、図
１６の点線で示す受信信号ｂに示すように受信信号のピ
ーク電圧値が所定の電圧範囲の下限より下回った回数
と、同じく図１６の点線で示す受信信号ｃに示すように
所定の電圧範囲の上限より上回った回数をカウントして
おきその大小関係で次回の流量計測時のゲインを調整す
る（例えば下限より下回った回数が多ければゲインをア
ップして図１６の実線で示す受信信号ａのように電圧範
囲の上限、下限の内に入るようにする）。Q = S · v = S · L / 2 · cos φ ((n / t1) − (n / t2)) (Equation 1) (Actually, in Equation 1, a coefficient according to the flow rate is used. In addition, the gain of the amplifying means 36 is adjusted so that the signal received by the ultrasonic transducer on the receiving side has a constant amplitude. The number of times is set to 39 less than that at the time of measurement, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted and received again, and the peak voltage value of the received signal at that time is adjusted to fall within a predetermined voltage range. This is the same as the number of times that the peak voltage value of the reception signal is below the lower limit of the predetermined voltage range as shown by the reception signal b shown by the dotted line in FIG. 16 while repeating the measurement of the number of times set in the repeating unit 39. As shown by the reception signal c shown by the dotted line in FIG. 16, the number of times that the voltage exceeds the upper limit of the predetermined voltage range is counted, and the gain at the next flow rate measurement is adjusted based on the magnitude relationship (for example, the number of times when the voltage is less than the lower limit. If it is large, the gain is increased so that it falls within the upper and lower limits of the voltage range as shown by the reception signal a shown by the solid line in FIG.
【０００４】このように流量計測後に再度超音波信号の
送受信を流量計測時より少ない回数で行うのは、上記の
電圧範囲を逸脱した回数を流量計測時の設定回数分カウ
ント出来るだけカウンタの桁数を多くとっていない場合
であり、カウンタの桁数を流量計測時の設定回数分カウ
ント出来るように多くして、流量計測後にゲイン調整の
ための超音波信号の送受信をやらないものもある。As described above, the reason why the ultrasonic signal is transmitted and received again after the flow rate measurement is performed with a smaller number of times than when the flow rate is measured is that the number of digits of the counter can be counted as many times as the number of times of deviation from the above voltage range is set for the flow rate measurement. In some cases, the number of digits of the counter is increased so as to count the set number of times when the flow rate is measured, and the ultrasonic signal for gain adjustment is not transmitted / received after the flow rate is measured.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
の流量計測装置は図１５に示すように超音波振動子の受
信信号が到達前にノイズ信号Ｂが印可されると、基準電
圧を超えた最初のゼロクロス点ｂで判定手段８により誤
った出力信号Ｄ‘が繰り返し手段９へ出力されるので計
時手段１０で計時する時間が本来の超音波信号の伝搬時
間と異なり、流量算出手段１１で誤った流量値を算出し
てしまう。このように、ノイズの影響を受け流量の誤計
測を行うという課題を有していた。本発明は、前記従来
の課題を解決するもので、ノイズによる流量計測への影
響を受けにくい流量計測装置を提供することを目的とす
る。However, when the noise signal B is applied before the received signal of the ultrasonic transducer reaches the conventional flow rate measuring device as shown in FIG. 15, the first flow rate measuring device exceeds the reference voltage. Since the erroneous output signal D ′ is repeatedly output to the deciding means 9 at the zero-cross point b, the time measured by the time measuring means 10 is different from the original propagation time of the ultrasonic signal, and the erroneous flow rate is calculated by the flow rate calculating means 11. Calculate the value. As described above, there is a problem in that the flow rate is erroneously measured due to the influence of noise. The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a flow rate measuring device that is less susceptible to the influence of noise on the flow rate measurement.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記従来の課題を解決す
るために、本発明は、流体管路に設けられ超音波信号を
送受信する一対の振動子と、前記超音波信号の伝搬時間
に基づいて流量を算出する流量算出手段と、前記振動子
の受信信号の電圧と予め設定された第１及び第２の基準
電圧とを比較検知する第１及び第２基準比較手段と、前
記第１及び第２基準比較手段と振動子の受信信号に基づ
いて超音波信号の到達時期を判定する判定手段とを備
え、前記判定手段は、前記振動子の受信信号に対して第
１の基準電圧を検知した後、前記受信信号の符号が正負
変化するゼロクロス点を検知した際の、第２の基準電圧
の検知状態に基づき超音波信号の到達時期を判定する流
量計測装置である。これにより通常、受信波の第２波で
第１基準比較手段のみ大小関係が反転するが、ノイズの
印可で一気に第１及び第２基準比較手段の両方で反転し
た場合は受信信号の任意のポイントを超音波信号の到達
時期と誤判定しないのでノイズによる流量計測への影響
を受けにくい流量計測装置となる。In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention is based on a pair of transducers provided in a fluid conduit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals and a propagation time of the ultrasonic signals. Flow rate calculation means for calculating a flow rate by means of the above, first and second reference comparison means for comparing and detecting the voltage of the received signal of the vibrator and preset first and second reference voltages, and the first and second A second reference comparison means and a determination means for determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal based on the reception signal of the transducer, the determination means detecting the first reference voltage for the reception signal of the transducer. After that, the second reference voltage at the time of detecting a zero-cross point at which the sign of the received signal changes between positive and negative
Is a flow rate measuring device that determines the arrival time of an ultrasonic signal based on the detection state of. As a result, normally, the magnitude relationship of only the first reference comparison means is inverted by the second wave of the received wave, but if both the first and second reference comparison means are inverted at once by the application of noise, an arbitrary point of the received signal will be obtained. Since it is not erroneously determined that the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal, the flow rate measurement device is less susceptible to the influence of noise on the flow rate measurement.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施形態は、流体管路に
設けられ超音波信号を送受信する一対の振動子と、前記
超音波信号の伝搬時間に基づいて流量を算出する流量算
出手段と、前記振動子の受信信号の電圧と予め設定され
た第１及び第２の基準電圧とを比較検知する第１及び第
２基準比較手段と、前記第１及び第２基準比較手段と振
動子の受信信号に基づいて超音波信号の到達時期を判定
する判定手段とを備え、前記判定手段は、前記振動子の
受信信号に対して第１の基準電圧を検知した後、前記受
信信号の符号が正負変化するゼロクロス点を検知する間
の、第２の基準電圧の検知状態に基づき超音波信号の到
達時期を判定する流量計測装置とすることにより、ノイ
ズの印可で第１及び第２基準比較手段の両方で反転した
場合は受信信号の任意のポイントを超音波信号の到達時
期と判定せず、第１基準比較手段のみ大小関係が反転し
た後、受信信号の任意のポイントを判定手段で超音波信
号の到達時期と判定することでノイズによる誤計測を防
ぐ流量計測装置とすることが出来る。好ましくは、判定
手段は振動子の受信信号に対して第１の基準電圧を検知
して前記受信信号の符号が正負変化するゼロクロス点を
検知した際に、第２の基準電圧を検知していない場合
に、超音波信号の到達時期と判定するものである。好ま
しくは、判定手段は振動子の受信信号に対して第１の基
準電圧を検知して前記受信信号の符号が正負変化するゼ
ロクロス点を検知した際に、第２の基準電圧を検知した
場合に、当該超音波信号の受信信号を無視するものであ
る。好ましくは、判定手段は振動子の受信信号に対して
第１の基準電圧を検知した後、受信信号の符号が正負変
化するゼロクロス点を検知する間の、第２の基準電圧の
検知状態に基づき超音波信号の到達時期を判定するとと
もに、第２の基準電圧は第１の基準電圧よりも高く、通
常の受信信号では超えることのない電圧に設定されてい
る。好ましくは、第２基準比較手段は、更に第２基準比
較手段による第２の基準電圧の検知状態に基づいて前記
第２の基準電圧を再設定する基準電圧設定部を備えてい
る。好ましくは、判定手段は、第１及び第２基準比較手
段からの信号と振動子の受信信号とに基づいて超音波信
号の到達時期を判定する場合と、前記第１基準比較手段
と前記振動子の受信信号とに基づいて超音波信号の到達
時期を判定する場合とを切り換え可能である。好ましく
は、振動子の受信信号を増幅する増幅手段を備え、前記
増幅手段のゲイン調整時に上記判定手段の切り換え動作
を行うものである。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention include a pair of transducers provided in a fluid conduit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, and a flow rate calculating means for calculating a flow rate based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic signals. It is preset to the voltage of the received signal of the vibration Doko
First and second reference comparison means for comparing sensing the first and second reference voltage, vibration and the first and second reference comparison means
And a determination means for determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal based on the received signal of the pendulum, the determination means,
After detecting the first reference voltage for the received signal,
While detecting a zero-cross point where the sign of the signal changes from positive to negative
Of the ultrasonic signal based on the detection state of the second reference voltage.
By using the flow rate measuring device for determining the arrival time, when noise is applied and both the first and second reference comparing means invert, the arbitrary point of the reception signal is not determined as the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal, After the magnitude relationship of only the first reference comparison unit is reversed, the determination unit determines an arbitrary point of the received signal as the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal, thereby making it possible to provide a flow rate measurement device that prevents erroneous measurement due to noise. Preferably, the judgment
Means detects a first reference voltage for the received signal of the oscillator
The zero-cross point where the sign of the received signal changes
When the second reference voltage is not detected when it is detected
First, it is determined that the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal. Preferred
More preferably, the determination means uses the first base for the received signal of the vibrator.
When the quasi voltage is detected, the sign of the received signal is changed to positive or negative.
The second reference voltage was detected when the cross point was detected.
In this case, the received signal of the ultrasonic signal is ignored.
It Preferably, the determination means is for the received signal of the vibrator.
After detecting the first reference voltage, the sign of the received signal changes
Of the second reference voltage during the detection of the zero crossing point
If the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal is determined based on the detection state,
By the way, the second reference voltage is higher than the first reference voltage,
It is set to a voltage that does not exceed the normal reception signal.
It Preferably, the second reference comparison means further comprises a second reference ratio.
Based on the detection state of the second reference voltage by the comparison means,
A reference voltage setting unit for resetting the second reference voltage is provided.
It Preferably, the determination means is the first and second reference comparison hands.
The ultrasonic signal is received based on the signal from the stage and the received signal from the transducer.
And the first criterion comparing means
And arrival of ultrasonic signal based on the received signal of the transducer
It is possible to switch between the case of determining the time. Preferably
Is equipped with amplification means for amplifying a received signal of the vibrator,
Switching operation of the determination means when adjusting the gain of the amplification means
Is to do.
【０００８】本発明に関連する他の実施形態では、流体
管路に設けられ超音波信号を送受信する第１振動子及び
第２振動子と、振動子を駆動する送信手段と、振動子の
送受信を切り換える切換手段と、振動子の受信信号を増
幅する増幅手段と、振動子間の相互の超音波信号の送受
信を複数回行う繰り返し手段と、超音波信号の送受信の
累積時間に基づいて流量を算出する流量算出手段と、第
１振動子及び第２振動子のうち受信側の振動子の受信信
号の電圧と基準電圧とを比較する第１及び第２基準比較
手段と、第１及び第２基準比較手段と増幅手段の出力と
から超音波信号の到達時期を判定する判定手段を備えた
流量計測装置であり、第２基準比較手段は第１基準比較
手段出力と増幅手段の出力より基準電圧を設定する基準
電圧設定部と第２基準比較部とからなり、基準電圧設定
部により基準電圧が自動的に設定及び調整可能とするこ
とにより、第２基準電圧が第１基準比較手段７の第１基
準電圧より確実に高く、また受信信号の第２波のピーク
値変動を包含するには充分で、かつ、逆に高すぎてノイ
ズ除去の効果が減少する事のない、適当な電圧に設定す
ることが出来、判定手段による超音波信号の到達時期を
判定する際にノイズによる誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置と
することが出来る。In another embodiment related to the present invention, a fluid
A first transducer provided in the conduit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals;
The second oscillator, the transmitting means for driving the oscillator, and the oscillator
Switching means for switching between transmission and reception and an increase in the received signal of the vibrator
Amplifying means to be widened and mutual transmission and reception of ultrasonic signals between transducers
Of repeating ultrasonic wave signal and transmitting / receiving ultrasonic signal
Flow rate calculating means for calculating the flow rate based on the accumulated time,
Received signal from the transducer on the receiving side of the first transducer and the second transducer
No. 1 and No. 2 reference comparison for comparing the reference voltage with the reference voltage
Means and outputs of the first and second reference comparing means and the amplifying means
Equipped with a determination means to determine the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal from
It is a flow rate measuring device, and the second reference comparison unit is composed of a reference voltage setting unit for setting a reference voltage from the output of the first reference comparison unit and the output of the amplification unit, and a second reference comparison unit. by this <br/> and which is automatically set and adjustable, the second reference voltage is surely higher than the first reference voltage of the first reference comparison means 7, and the second wave peak value of the received signal variation It is sufficient to include, and on the contrary, it is possible to set an appropriate voltage that is not too high and the noise removal effect does not decrease, and when determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal by the determination means. The flow rate measuring device can prevent erroneous measurement due to noise.
【０００９】また本発明に関連する前記他の実施形態に
おいて、判定手段は第１及び第２基準比較手段と増幅手
段出力とから超音波の到達時期を判定する場合と、第１
基準比較手段と増幅手段出力とから判定する場合と切り
換え可能なものとすることにより、増幅手段のゲイン調
整時には第１基準比較手段と増幅手段出力とから判定
し、通常時は前記第１及び第２基準比較手段と増幅手段
出力とから超音波の到達時期を判定する様に切り換える
ことで、増幅手段のゲインが未調整時にノイズではない
正規の受信信号をノイズと誤判断することなく、通常計
測時にノイズによる誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とするこ
とが出来る。 According to another embodiment related to the present invention,
The determining means determines the arrival time of ultrasonic waves from the first and second reference comparing means and the output of the amplifying means.
When the gain adjustment of the amplification means is made, the determination can be made based on the first reference comparison means and the output of the amplification means. 2 By switching so as to determine the arrival time of the ultrasonic wave from the reference comparison means and the output of the amplification means, a normal reception signal which is not noise when the gain of the amplification means is not adjusted is not erroneously determined as noise, and normal measurement is performed. Sometimes, it can be a flow rate measuring device that prevents erroneous measurement due to noise.
【００１０】また本発明に関連する前記他の実施形態に
おいて、判定手段は、第１及び第２基準比較手段と増幅
手段出力とから超音波信号の到達時期を判定する場合
と、第１基準比較手段と増幅手段出力とから判定する場
合とを繰り返し手段に設定された繰り返し回数により、
切り換るようにすることにより、増幅手段のゲイン調整
時と流量計測時に設定される繰り返し手段の繰り返し回
数で自動的に判定手段が増幅手段のゲイン調整時には第
１基準比較手段と増幅手段出力とから判定し、通常時は
第１及び第２基準比較手段と増幅手段出力とから超音波
の到達ポイントを判定する様に切り換える。このように
動作することで、増幅手段のゲインが未調整時にノイズ
ではない正規の受信信号をノイズと誤判断することな
く、通常計測時にノイズによる誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装
置とすることが出来る。In addition to the above-mentioned other embodiment related to the present invention,
The determining means repeats the case of determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal from the first and second reference comparing means and the output of the amplifying means, and the case of determining from the first reference comparing means and the output of the amplifying means. Depending on the number of repetitions set in the means,
By the Kiri換Ru so, the gain adjustment at a flow rate first reference comparing means when the gain adjustment of automatic determining means amplifying means number of repetitions of the repeating unit that is set during the measurement of the amplification means and the amplifying means outputs From the first and second reference comparing means and the output of the amplifying means, the arrival point of the ultrasonic wave is determined. By operating in this way, it is possible to provide a flow rate measuring device that prevents erroneous measurement due to noise during normal measurement without misjudging a regular received signal that is not noise as noise when the gain of the amplification means is not adjusted.
【００１１】本発明に関連する別の他の実施形態におい
て、流体管路に設けられ超音波信号を送受信する第１振
動子及び第２振動子と、振動子を駆動する送信手段と、
振動子の送受信を切り換える切換手段と、振動子の受信
信号を増幅する増幅手段と、振動子間の相互の超音波信
号の送受信を複数回行う繰り返し手段と、超音波信号の
送受信の累積時間に基づいて流量を算出する流量算出手
段と、第１振動子及び第２振動子のうち受信側の振動子
の受信信号の電圧と基準電圧とを比較する基準比較手段
と、増幅手段の出力の複数の点の時間差を計時する信号
幅計時手段と、信号幅計時手段が計時する時間差が所定
の時間以上であった場合の基準比較手段の出力と増幅手
段の出力とから超音波の到達ポイントを判定する判定手
段を備えた流量計測装置とすることにより、信号幅計時
手段が受信信号の複数の点の時間差を検知し、この検知
した信号幅により受信信号とノイズの判別が可能とな
り、受信信号であった場合の基準比較手段の出力が反転
した後の受信信号の任意のポイントを超音波の到達ポイ
ントとすることで、ノイズによる誤計測を防ぐ流量計測
装置とすることが出来る。In another embodiment related to the present invention
A first oscillator and a second oscillator provided in the fluid conduit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, and a transmitter for driving the oscillator,
Switching means for switching the transmission and reception of the transducer, amplification means for amplifying the reception signal of the transducer, repeating means for transmitting and receiving the ultrasonic signal between the transducers a plurality of times, and the cumulative time of transmitting and receiving the ultrasonic signal. A flow rate calculating means for calculating the flow rate based on the flow rate; a reference comparing means for comparing the voltage of the reception signal of the receiving transducer of the first transducer and the second transducer with the reference voltage; and a plurality of outputs of the amplifying means. The signal arrival time measuring means for measuring the time difference between the points and the arrival point of the ultrasonic wave is determined from the output of the reference comparing means and the output of the amplifying means when the time difference measured by the signal width measuring means is equal to or longer than a predetermined time. By using the flow rate measuring device equipped with the determining means, the signal width measuring means detects the time difference between a plurality of points of the received signal, and the received signal can be distinguished from the noise by the detected signal width. Ah Any point of the received signal with the output is inverted from the reference comparing means when by the arrival point of the ultrasound can be a flow rate measuring device to prevent erroneous measurement due to noise.
【００１２】請求項１〜７のいずれかに記載の超音波計
測装置の各構成要素の機能をコンピュータに実行するた
めのプログラムである。そして、プログラムであるので
マイコンなどを用いて本発明の流量計側装置の全てを容
易に実現することができ超音波振動子の変更または経年
変化等の特性の変化や動作を実現するための設定条件や
定数の変更が柔軟に対応することが出来る。また記録媒
体に記録したり通信回線を用いてプログラムを配信した
りすることでプログラムの配布が簡単にできる。It is a program for causing a computer to execute the function of each component of the ultrasonic measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 . Then, the flow meter-side apparatus of the present invention by using a microcomputer because a program all hand can be easily realized changes or characteristics of aged deterioration of the ultrasonic transducer changes and operate for realizing The setting conditions and constants can be changed flexibly. Moreover, the program can be easily distributed by recording it on a recording medium or distributing the program using a communication line.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下本発明の実施例について図面を参照しな
がら説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１４】（実施例１）
図１は本発明に係る実施例１における流量計測装置のブ
ロック図を示すものである。図２は同実施例１の流量計
測装置の動作説明図であり、図３は同実施例のフローチ
ャートである。図１において、流路１の途中に超音波を
送信する第１超音波振動子２と受信する第２超音波振動
子３が流れ方向に角度φで配置されている。５は第１超
音波振動子２への送信手段であり、４は第１超音波振動
子２、第２超音波振動子３の送受信を切り換える切換手
段、６は受信側の超音波振動子で受信した信号を制御手
段１２からの指示によるゲインで増幅する増幅手段、７
は増幅手段６で増幅された信号と基準電圧とを比較する
第１基準比較手段、１３は増幅手段６で増幅された信号
と基準電圧とを比較する第２基準比較手段で、第２基準
比較手段１３の基準電圧は第１基準比較手段７の基準電
圧よりも高く、通常の受信信号では越えることのない電
圧に設定されている。８は基準比較手段７の出力と増幅
手段６で増幅された信号とから超音波の到達時期を判定
する判定手段、９は判定手段８の信号をカウントし予め
設定された回数だけ制御手段１２へ繰り返し信号を出力
する繰り返し手段である。１０は繰り返し手段９で予め
設定された回数をカウントした時間を計時する計時手段
であり、１１は第１計時手段１０の計時した時間に応じ
て管路の大きさや流れの状態を考慮して流量を算出する
流量算出手段である。また、１２は流量算出手段１１、
繰り返し手段９からの信号を受け送信手段５、増幅手段
６の動作を制御する制御手段である。[0014] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a flow rate measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory diagram of the flow rate measuring device of the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the same embodiment. In FIG. 1, a first ultrasonic transducer 2 that transmits ultrasonic waves and a second ultrasonic transducer 3 that receives ultrasonic waves are arranged in the flow path 1 at an angle φ in the flow direction. Reference numeral 5 is a transmitting means to the first ultrasonic transducer 2, 4 is a switching means for switching the transmission and reception of the first ultrasonic transducer 2 and the second ultrasonic transducer 3, and 6 is an ultrasonic transducer on the receiving side. Amplifying means for amplifying the received signal with a gain instructed by the control means 12, 7
Is a first reference comparing means for comparing the signal amplified by the amplifying means 6 with the reference voltage, and 13 is a second reference comparing means for comparing the signal amplified by the amplifying means 6 with the reference voltage. The reference voltage of the means 13 is higher than the reference voltage of the first reference comparison means 7, and is set to a voltage that a normal received signal does not exceed. Reference numeral 8 is a judging means for judging the arrival time of the ultrasonic wave from the output of the reference comparing means 7 and the signal amplified by the amplifying means 6, and 9 is the signal of the judging means 8 and is counted to the control means 12 a preset number of times. It is a repeater that outputs a repeat signal. Reference numeral 10 is a time measuring means for measuring a time counted a preset number of times by the repeating means 9, and 11 is a flow rate in consideration of the size of the pipeline and the state of the flow in accordance with the time measured by the first time measuring means 10. Is a flow rate calculating means for calculating. Further, 12 is a flow rate calculating means 11,
It is a control means for controlling the operations of the transmitting means 5 and the amplifying means 6 when receiving the signal from the repeating means 9.
【００１５】以上のように構成された流量計測装置につ
いて、以下その動作、作用を説明する。まず制御手段１
２は流量計測を開始すると予め設定された繰り返し回数
分終了でなければ（図３のステップ１）、所定時間経過
後（ステップ２）、送信手段５を動作させ第１超音波振
動子２より超音波信号を送信する（ステップ３）。The operation and action of the flow rate measuring device constructed as above will be described below. First, the control means 1
When 2 starts the flow rate measurement and has not ended by the preset number of repetitions (step 1 in FIG. 3), after a lapse of a predetermined time (step 2), the transmitting means 5 is operated and the ultrasonic wave from the first ultrasonic transducer 2 is exceeded. A sound wave signal is transmitted (step 3).
【００１６】第１超音波振動子２より送信された超音波
信号は流路１の流れの中を伝搬し、第２超音波振動子３
で受信され、増幅手段６で制御手段１２から指示された
ゲインで増幅されて、基準比較手段７、判定手段８へ出
力される。ここで図２に増幅後の受信信号の様子を示
す。つまり図２に示すように第１基準比較手段７は増幅
手段６の出力（受信信号Ａ）と第１基準電圧とを比較し
（図３のステップ４）、その大小関係が反転した時点
（タイミングｃ）で判定手段８に出力信号Ｃを出力する
と共に第２基準比較手段１３の出力フラグを“無し”に
初期化する（ステップ５）。そして第２基準比較手段１
３は増幅手段６の出力（受信信号Ａ）と第２基準電圧と
を比較し（ステップ６）、その大小関係が反転すると出
力フラグを“有り”にセットする（ステップ７）（図２
に示す受信信号Ａでは第２基準電圧は超えない）。判定
手段８ではタイミングｃ以降の増幅手段６出力を監視し
（ステップ８）、出力フラグの状態に応じて増幅手段６
出力信号の符号が正から負に変わる負のゼロクロス点ａ
を検知した際、出力フラグの状態に応じて超音波の到達
ポイントの判定を行う（ステップ８）。The ultrasonic signal transmitted from the first ultrasonic transducer 2 propagates in the flow of the flow path 1 and the second ultrasonic transducer 3
Is amplified by the gain instructed by the control means 12 by the amplification means 6 and output to the reference comparison means 7 and the determination means 8. Here, a state of the received signal after amplification is shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the first reference comparison means 7 compares the output (received signal A) of the amplification means 6 with the first reference voltage (step 4 in FIG. 3), and when the magnitude relationship is reversed (timing). In c), the output signal C is output to the determination means 8 and the output flag of the second reference comparison means 13 is initialized to "none" (step 5). And the second reference comparison means 1
3 compares the output of the amplifying means 6 (received signal A) with the second reference voltage (step 6), and when the magnitude relation is reversed, sets the output flag to "present" (step 7) (FIG. 2).
The second reference voltage is not exceeded in the received signal A shown in (1). The judging means 8 monitors the output of the amplifying means 6 after the timing c (step 8), and depending on the state of the output flag, the amplifying means 6
Negative zero-cross point a where the sign of the output signal changes from positive to negative
When is detected, the arrival point of the ultrasonic wave is determined according to the state of the output flag (step 8).
【００１７】つまり、図２の受信信号Ａに示すように負
のゼロクロス点ａを検知した際、第２基準電圧を超えて
いないので出力フラグが“無し”で、その場合はその時
のゼロクロス点を超音波信号の到達時期と判定し（ステ
ップ９）、出力信号Ｄを繰り返し手段９に出力する（ス
テップ１０）。また、ノイズ信号Ｂに示すように第２基
準電圧を超えて、出力フラグが“有り”であればその時
のゼロクロス点を無視して第１基準比較手段７による増
幅手段６の出力と第１基準電圧との比較に戻る（ステッ
プ４）。そして前述のように判定手段８からの出力信号
Ｄは繰り返し手段９でカウントされた後、制御手段１２
に入力される。制御手段１２は所定時間経過後（ステッ
プ２）、送信手段５を再度動作させ超音波振動子２より
超音波信号を送信する。この一連の動作を予め設定され
たｎ回数繰り返し行い、この間の時間を計時手段１０に
より測定する。That is, when the negative zero-cross point a is detected as shown by the reception signal A in FIG. 2, the output flag is "none" because the second reference voltage is not exceeded. In that case, the zero-cross point at that time is set. The arrival time of the ultrasonic signal is determined (step 9), and the output signal D is output to the repeating means 9 (step 10). Further, as indicated by the noise signal B, if the output flag exceeds the second reference voltage and the output flag is "present", the zero crossing point at that time is ignored and the output of the amplification means 6 by the first reference comparison means 7 and the first reference. Return to comparison with voltage (step 4). Then, as described above, the output signal D from the judging means 8 is counted by the repeating means 9, and then the control means 12
Entered in. After a lapse of a predetermined time (step 2), the control means 12 operates the transmitting means 5 again to transmit the ultrasonic signal from the ultrasonic transducer 2. This series of operations is repeated n times which is set in advance, and the time interval is measured by the time measuring means 10.
【００１８】そして、第１超音波振動子２と第２超音波
振動子３とを切換手段４により切り替えて、同様な動作
を行い被測定流体の上流から下流と下流から上流のそれ
ぞれの伝搬時間を測定し、これらの時間差より流量算出
手段１１で流路の大きさや流れの状態を考慮して流量値
を求める。尚、本実施例では第２基準比較手段１３を設
けたが第２基準電圧をゲイン調整時に用いる電圧範囲下
限値として、判定手段８が超音波信号の到達時期の判定
を行い際に、電圧範囲下限と増幅手段６の出力信号との
比較結果を用いるようにしても、実施例１と同様にノイ
ズによる誤計測を防ぐことが出来る（この場合、第２基
準比較手段１３を設けること無く実現できる）。Then, the first ultrasonic transducer 2 and the second ultrasonic transducer 3 are switched by the switching means 4 to perform the same operation, and the propagation time of the fluid to be measured from upstream to downstream and from downstream to upstream respectively. Is measured, and the flow rate calculation means 11 determines the flow rate value from these time differences in consideration of the size of the flow path and the flow state. Although the second reference comparison unit 13 is provided in the present embodiment, the second reference voltage is used as the lower limit value of the voltage range used during gain adjustment, and when the determination unit 8 determines the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal, the voltage range is determined. Even if the comparison result of the lower limit and the output signal of the amplifying means 6 is used, erroneous measurement due to noise can be prevented as in the first embodiment (in this case, it can be realized without providing the second reference comparing means 13). ).
【００１９】以上のように本実施例においては判定手段
８が、第１基準比較手段７の反転出力後の増幅手段６出
力信号の符号が正から負に変わる負のゼロクロス点ａを
検知した際、第２基準比較手段１３の出力状態に応じて
超音波信号の到達時期の判定を行い、ノイズの印可で第
２基準比較手段１３の反転出力が有った場合は受信信号
のゼロクロス点を超音波信号の到達時期と判定せず、第
２基準比較手段１３の反転出力が無かった場合のみ、受
信信号のゼロクロス点を超音波信号の到達時期と判定す
る。これにより第２基準比較手段１３の第２基準電圧を
超えるようなノイズが印可された場合、このノイズによ
る流量の誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とすることが出来
る。また、本実施例の流量計測装置の動作を実行させる
プログラムを記録媒体に格納することにより、制御手段
１２や電源供給手段の所定時間や繰り返し手段９の繰り
返し回数等の設定値の変更や超音波振動子の変更または
経年変化等にも柔軟に対応できるものである。As described above, in the present embodiment, when the judging means 8 detects the negative zero-cross point a where the sign of the output signal of the amplifying means 6 after the inverted output of the first reference comparing means 7 changes from positive to negative. , The arrival time of the ultrasonic signal is determined according to the output state of the second reference comparison means 13, and if there is an inverted output of the second reference comparison means 13 due to the application of noise, the zero cross point of the received signal is exceeded. Only when the arrival time of the sound wave signal is not determined and there is no inverted output of the second reference comparison unit 13, the zero cross point of the reception signal is determined as the arrival time of the ultrasonic wave signal. As a result, when noise that exceeds the second reference voltage of the second reference comparison unit 13 is applied, it is possible to provide a flow rate measuring device that prevents erroneous measurement of the flow rate due to this noise. Further, by storing a program for executing the operation of the flow rate measuring device of the present embodiment in a recording medium, it is possible to change set values such as a predetermined time of the control means 12 and the power supply means and the number of repetitions of the repetition means 9 and ultrasonic waves. It can flexibly respond to changes in the oscillator or changes over time.
【００２０】（実施例２）
図４は本発明に係る実施例２のブロック図であり、図５
は同実施例２の流量計測装置の動作説明図であり、図６
は同実施例のフローチャートである。１３ａは判定手段
８、第２基準比較部１３ｂ、増幅手段６の出力より第２
基準電圧を設定する基準電圧設定部であり、１３ｂは増
幅手段６で増幅された信号と基準電圧設定部１３ａの第
２基準電圧とを比較する第２基準比較部である。基準電
圧設定部１３ａと第２基準比較部１３ｂとで第２基準比
較手段１３を構成している。基準電圧設定部１３ａによ
り判定手段８、第２基準比較部１３ｂ、増幅手段６の出
力より基準電圧を設定する様にした点が実施例１と異な
る点である。以上のように構成された流量計測装置につ
いて、以下実施例１と異なる第２基準比較手段１３の動
作、作用を説明する。尚、判定手段８において超音波信
号の到達時期を判定し、出力するまでの動作は実施例１
と同じであるので説明は判定手段８の出力（実施例１の
図３ステップ１０）がなされる所から行う。(Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a second embodiment according to the present invention.
6A and 6B are operation explanatory views of the flow rate measuring device according to the second embodiment.
Is a flowchart of the embodiment. Reference numeral 13a indicates the second from the outputs of the judging means 8, the second reference comparing portion 13b and the amplifying means 6.
A reference voltage setting unit that sets a reference voltage, and 13b is a second reference comparison unit that compares the signal amplified by the amplification means 6 with the second reference voltage of the reference voltage setting unit 13a. The reference voltage setting unit 13a and the second reference comparison unit 13b constitute the second reference comparison unit 13. The difference from the first embodiment is that the reference voltage setting unit 13a sets the reference voltage from the outputs of the determination unit 8, the second reference comparison unit 13b, and the amplification unit 6. Regarding the flow rate measuring device configured as described above, the operation and action of the second reference comparing means 13 different from the first embodiment will be described below. The determining means 8 determines the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal and outputs the ultrasonic signal.
Since it is the same as the above, the description will be given from the place where the output of the determination means 8 (step 10 in FIG. 3 of the first embodiment) is performed.
【００２１】図６のステップ１０の判定手段８による超
音波信号の到達時期の判定出力後、第１基準比較手段７
は増幅手段６の出力（図５の受信信号Ａ）と第１基準電
圧とを比較し（ステップ１１）、その大小関係が反転し
た時点（図５のタイミングｅ）で第２基準電圧設定部１
３ａに出力信号Ｃ２を出力すると共に第２基準比較手段
１３の出力フラグを“無し”に初期化する（ステップ１
２）。そして第２基準比較部１３ｂは増幅手段６の出力
（受信信号Ａ）と第２基準電圧設定部１３ａの第２基準
電圧とを比較する（ステップ１３）。そして、図５の第
２基準電圧が一点鎖線で示すｒ２であった場合のよう
に、その大小関係が反転すると出力フラグを“有り”に
セットし（ステップ１４）、逆に第２基準電圧が実線で
示すｒ１であった場合は、大小関係が反転せず出力フラ
グは“無し”のままである。After the determination output of the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal by the determination means 8 in step 10 of FIG. 6, the first reference comparison means 7 is output.
Compares the output of the amplification means 6 (received signal A in FIG. 5) with the first reference voltage (step 11), and when the magnitude relation is reversed (timing e in FIG. 5), the second reference voltage setting unit 1
The output signal C2 is output to 3a and the output flag of the second reference comparison means 13 is initialized to "none" (step 1).
2). Then, the second reference comparison unit 13b compares the output (received signal A) of the amplification means 6 with the second reference voltage of the second reference voltage setting unit 13a (step 13). Then, as in the case where the second reference voltage in FIG. 5 is r2 indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, when the magnitude relationship is reversed, the output flag is set to "present" (step 14), and conversely the second reference voltage is changed. In the case of r1 shown by the solid line, the magnitude relationship is not inverted and the output flag remains "none."
【００２２】第２基準電圧設定部１３ａでは第１基準比
較手段７からの反転出力Ｃ２入力後の増幅手段６出力を
監視し（ステップ１５）、増幅手段６出力信号の符号が
正から負に変わる負のゼロクロス点ａ２を検知した際、
出力フラグの状態を判断し（ステップ１６）、出力フラ
グに応じて第２基準電圧を設定変更する。つまりゼロク
ロス点ａ２を検知したときに出力フラグが“有り”であ
れば第２基準電圧を上げ（ステップ１７）、出力フラグ
が“無し”であれば第２基準電圧を下げる（ステップ１
８）。上記のような第２基準電圧設定部１３ａの動作に
より第２基準電圧は図５に示すように判定手段８出力後
の受信波（第３波）のピーク値付近に設定されることに
なる。ここで受信波の第２波と第３波のピーク比である
が、例えば流体が都市ガス：１３Ａで、流体の温度が−
２０℃〜＋６０℃の範囲で第２波／第３波＝０．９程度
で一定であることを実験値で得ている。従って第２基準
電圧を第３波のピーク値付近とすることにより第２波の
ピーク値に対して一定比率（１１％程高い値）の値に設
定することが出来る。The second reference voltage setting section 13a monitors the output of the amplifying means 6 after the inverted output C2 input from the first reference comparing means 7 (step 15), and the sign of the amplifying means 6 output signal changes from positive to negative. When the negative zero-cross point a2 is detected,
The state of the output flag is judged (step 16), and the setting of the second reference voltage is changed according to the output flag. That is, when the output flag is "present" when the zero-cross point a2 is detected, the second reference voltage is increased (step 17), and when the output flag is "absent", the second reference voltage is decreased (step 1).
8). By the operation of the second reference voltage setting unit 13a as described above, the second reference voltage is set near the peak value of the received wave (third wave) after the output of the determination means 8 as shown in FIG. Here, regarding the peak ratio of the second wave and the third wave of the received wave, for example, the fluid is city gas: 13 A, and the temperature of the fluid is −
It has been experimentally obtained that the second wave / third wave is constant at about 0.9 in the range of 20 ° C to + 60 ° C. Therefore, by setting the second reference voltage in the vicinity of the peak value of the third wave, it is possible to set the value to a constant ratio (a value as high as 11%) with respect to the peak value of the second wave.
【００２３】また、本実施例ではゼロクロス点ａ２検知
時の第２基準比較部１３ｂの出力フラグに応じて、一意
的に第２基準電圧を上下し設定するようにしたので、第
２基準電圧は受信波の第３波のピーク値付近を往復する
ことになる。そこでこのように基準電圧の設定動作が上
下するようになると、設定動作の回数に制限を設けて制
限回数以上、設定動作を行わないようにすると無駄な動
作を防止でき、より効果的である。In the present embodiment, the second reference voltage is uniquely set up and down according to the output flag of the second reference comparison section 13b when the zero-cross point a2 is detected. It makes a round trip near the peak value of the third wave of the received wave. Therefore, when the reference voltage setting operation goes up and down as described above, it is more effective to prevent the useless operation by setting a limit on the number of setting operations and preventing the setting operation from being performed more than the limited number of times.
【００２４】以上のように本実施例においては基準電圧
設定部１３ａにより第２基準電圧が受信波の第３波のピ
ーク値付近に設定されるので、第１基準比較手段７のそ
れより確実に高く、また受信信号の第２波のピーク値変
動を包含するには充分で、かつ、逆に高すぎてノイズ除
去の効果が減少する事のない、適当な基準電圧とするこ
とが出来、ノイズによる誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とす
ることが出来る。As described above, in the present embodiment, the second reference voltage is set by the reference voltage setting section 13a in the vicinity of the peak value of the third wave of the received wave, so that it is more reliable than that of the first reference comparing means 7. It is high and sufficient to include the peak value fluctuation of the second wave of the received signal, and on the contrary, it is possible to set an appropriate reference voltage that is not too high and the noise removal effect is not reduced. The flow rate measuring device can prevent erroneous measurement due to.
【００２５】また、本実施例の流量計測装置の動作を実
行させるプログラムを記録媒体に格納することにより、
制御手段１２等の設定値の変更や超音波振動子の変更ま
たは経年変化等にもに柔軟に対応できるものである。Further, by storing a program for executing the operation of the flow rate measuring device of this embodiment in a recording medium,
It is possible to flexibly cope with a change in the set value of the control means 12, etc., a change in the ultrasonic transducer, or a secular change.
【００２６】（実施例３）
図７は本発明に係る実施例３のブロック図であり、図８
は同フローチャートである。判定手段８は、制御手段１
２からの指示により前記第１基準比較手段７及び第２基
準比較手段１３と増幅手段出力６とから超音波信号の到
達時期を判定する場合と、第１基準比較手段７と増幅手
段６出力とから判定する場合と切り換え可能とした点が
実施例１と異なる点である(Third Embodiment) FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a third embodiment according to the present invention.
Is the same flowchart. The determination means 8 is the control means 1
When the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal is determined from the first reference comparing means 7 and the second reference comparing means 13 and the amplifying means output 6 according to the instruction from 2, the output of the first reference comparing means 7 and the amplifying means 6 It is different from the first embodiment in that it can be switched from the case of determining from.
【００２７】以上のように構成された流量計測装置につ
いて、以下実施例１と異なる判定手段８の動作、作用を
説明する。尚、フローチャートのステップ１〜４迄は実
施例１と同じであるので説明はステップ４の第１基準比
較手段７により増幅手段６の出力と第１基準電圧とを比
較するところから行う。第１基準比較手段７により増幅
手段６の出力と第１基準電圧とを比較した結果、その大
小関係が反転した時点で、判定手段８に出力信号を出力
する。判定手段８では第１基準比較手段７からの反転出
力を入力後、制御手段１２から指定される第２基準比較
手段１３での比較動作実行可否を判断する（ステップ１
１）。制御手段１２では流量計測時または増幅手段６の
ゲイン調整等の動作モードに応じて、判定手段８へ第２
基準比較手段１３での比較動作実行可否の設定を行い、
流量計測時は比較動作実行に、ゲイン調整時は比較動作
非実行に設定する。With respect to the flow rate measuring device configured as described above, the operation and action of the determining means 8 different from the first embodiment will be described below. Since steps 1 to 4 of the flow chart are the same as those of the first embodiment, the description will be made from the step of comparing the output of the amplifying means 6 with the first reference voltage by the first reference comparing means 7 in step 4. As a result of the comparison between the output of the amplifying means 6 and the first reference voltage by the first reference comparing means 7, the output signal is output to the judging means 8 when the magnitude relation is inverted. The determination means 8 inputs the inverted output from the first reference comparison means 7 and then determines whether or not the comparison operation can be executed by the second reference comparison means 13 designated by the control means 12 (step 1).
1). The control means 12 sends a second signal to the determination means 8 according to an operation mode such as a flow rate measurement or a gain adjustment of the amplification means 6.
Whether or not the comparison operation can be executed by the reference comparison means 13 is set,
The comparison operation is set to be executed when the flow rate is measured, and the comparison operation is not executed when the gain is adjusted.
【００２８】そして判定手段８は第２基準比較手段１３
での比較動作を実行する設定で有れば実施例１と同じス
テップ５〜１０を実行する。 逆に第２基準比較手段１
３での比較動作を実行しない設定で有れば、第１基準比
較手段７の反転出力後の増幅手段６出力信号の符号が正
から負に変わる負のゼロクロス点ａを超音波信号の到達
時期と判定する（ステップ１２）。The judging means 8 is the second reference comparing means 13
If it is set to execute the comparison operation in step 1, the same steps 5 to 10 as in the first embodiment are executed. On the contrary, the second reference comparison means 1
If the comparison operation in 3 is not executed, the negative zero-cross point a at which the sign of the output signal of the amplification means 6 after the inverted output of the first reference comparison means 7 changes from positive to negative is reached when the ultrasonic signal arrives. (Step 12).
【００２９】以上のように本実施例においては判定手段
８が、制御手段１２が動作モードに応じて設定する第２
基準比較手段１３での比較動作実行可否に従い、例えば
ゲイン調整時、増幅手段６のゲインが高く正規の超音波
の受信信号において第２基準比較手段１３の反転出力が
あるような場合にノイズとして無視しないように出来、
また、通常の流量計測時には第２基準比較手段１３の反
転出力があるようなノイズ信号を無視出来るものであ
り、ノイズによる流量の誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とす
ることが出来る。また、本実施例の流量計測装置の動作
を実行させるプログラムを記録媒体に格納することによ
り、制御手段１２等の設定値の変更や超音波振動子の変
更または経年変化等にもに柔軟に対応できるものであ
る。As described above, in the present embodiment, the determination means 8 and the control means 12 set the second mode according to the operation mode.
Depending on whether or not the comparison operation can be performed by the reference comparison unit 13, when the gain is adjusted, for example, when the gain of the amplification unit 6 is high and there is an inverted output of the second reference comparison unit 13 in the received signal of the normal ultrasonic wave, it is ignored as noise. I can not do it,
Further, a noise signal such as an inverted output of the second reference comparison unit 13 can be ignored during normal flow rate measurement, and a flow rate measurement device that prevents erroneous measurement of flow rate due to noise can be provided. Further, by storing a program for executing the operation of the flow rate measuring device of the present embodiment in a recording medium, it is possible to flexibly cope with a change in the set value of the control means 12 or the like, a change in the ultrasonic transducer, or a secular change. It is possible.
【００３０】（実施例４）
図９は本発明に係る実施例４の流量計測装置のブロック
図であり、図１０は同実施例のフローチャートである。
図９において判定手段８は繰り返し手段９に設定された
繰り返し回数によって前記第１基準比較手段７及び第２
基準比較手段１３と増幅手段出力６とから超音波の到達
ポイントを判定する場合と、前記第１基準比較手段７と
増幅手段６出力とから判定する場合と切り換えるように
した点が実施例１と異なる点である。[0030] (Embodiment 4) FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG 10 is a flowchart of the embodiment.
In FIG. 9, the determining means 8 determines whether the first reference comparing means 7
The first embodiment is that the case where the arrival point of the ultrasonic wave is determined from the reference comparison unit 13 and the output of the amplification unit 6 and the case where it is determined from the output of the first reference comparison unit 7 and the amplification unit 6 are switched. It is a different point.
【００３１】以上のように構成された流量計測装置につ
いて、以下実施例１と異なる判定手段８の動作、作用を
説明する。尚、フローチャートのステップ１〜４迄は実
施例１と同じであるので説明はステップ４の第１基準比
較手段７により増幅手段６の出力と第１基準電圧とを比
較するところから行う。第１基準比較手段７により増幅
手段６の出力と第１基準電圧とを比較した結果、その大
小関係が反転した時点で、判定手段８に出力信号を出力
する。判定手段８では第１基準比較手段７からの反転出
力を入力後、繰り返し手段９に設定される繰り返し回数
が所定回数（例えば１７回）以上か否かを判断する（ス
テップ１１）。繰り返し手段９の繰り返し設定回数は流
量計測時または増幅手段６のゲイン調整時等の動作モー
ドに応じて設定されており流量計測時はおおよそ３００
回程度に、ゲイン調整時は１６回程度に設定されてい
る。With respect to the flow rate measuring device configured as described above, the operation and action of the determining means 8 different from the first embodiment will be described below. Since steps 1 to 4 of the flow chart are the same as those of the first embodiment, the description will be made from the step of comparing the output of the amplifying means 6 with the first reference voltage by the first reference comparing means 7 in step 4. As a result of the comparison between the output of the amplifying means 6 and the first reference voltage by the first reference comparing means 7, the output signal is output to the judging means 8 when the magnitude relation is inverted. After inputting the inverted output from the first reference comparing means 7, the judging means 8 judges whether or not the number of repetitions set in the repeating means 9 is a predetermined number (for example, 17 times) or more (step 11). The number of times the repeater 9 is repeatedly set is set according to an operation mode such as when measuring the flow rate or when adjusting the gain of the amplifying means 6, and is approximately 300 when measuring the flow rate.
It is set to about once, and about 16 times at the time of gain adjustment.
【００３２】そして流量計測時のように繰り返し回数が
１７回以上で有れば実施例１と同じステップ５〜１０を
実行する。繰り返し回数が１６回以下のゲイン調整時で
は、第１基準比較手段７の反転出力後の増幅手段６出力
信号の符号が正から負に変わる負のゼロクロス点ａを超
音波の到達ポイントと判定する（ステップ１２）。If the number of repetitions is 17 times or more as in the flow rate measurement, the same steps 5 to 10 as in the first embodiment are executed. When the number of repetitions is 16 times or less during gain adjustment, the negative zero-cross point a at which the sign of the output signal of the amplifying means 6 after the inverted output of the first reference comparing means 7 changes from positive to negative is determined as the arrival point of ultrasonic waves. (Step 12).
【００３３】以上のように本実施例においては判定手段
８が、繰り返し手段９の繰り返し回数に応じて、ゲイン
調整時、増幅手段６のゲインが高く正規の超音波の受信
信号において第２基準比較手段１３の反転出力があるよ
うな場合にノイズとして無視しないように出来、また、
通常の流量計測時には第２基準比較手段１３の反転出力
があるようなノイズ信号を無視出来るものであり、ノイ
ズによる流量の誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とすることが
出来る。また、本実施例の流量計測装置の動作を実行さ
せるプログラムを記録媒体に格納することにより、制御
手段１２等の設定値の変更や超音波振動子の変更または
経年変化等にもに柔軟に対応できるものである。As described above, in the present embodiment, the determining means 8 makes the second reference comparison in the normal ultrasonic reception signal in which the gain of the amplifying means 6 is high during gain adjustment according to the number of repetitions of the repeating means 9. When there is an inverted output of the means 13, it can be prevented from being ignored as noise, and
At the time of normal flow rate measurement, a noise signal such as an inverted output of the second reference comparison unit 13 can be ignored, and a flow rate measuring device that prevents erroneous flow rate measurement due to noise can be provided. Further, by storing a program for executing the operation of the flow rate measuring device of the present embodiment in a recording medium, it is possible to flexibly cope with a change in the set value of the control means 12 or the like, a change in the ultrasonic transducer, or a secular change. It is possible.
【００３４】（実施例５）
図１１は本発明に係る実施例５の流量計測装置のブロッ
ク図であり、図１２は同実施例の流量計測装置の動作説
明図であり、図１３は同実施例のフローチャートであ
る。図１１において１４は増幅手段６出力のゼロクロス
点間の時間幅を計時する信号幅計時手段である。判定手
段８は信号幅計時手段１４の計時した時間が、所定の時
間幅以内であった場合の前記基準比較手段出力と増幅手
段出力とから超音波信号の到達時期を判定する。他の構
成要素は実施例１と同じであるので説明は省略する。(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring device of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory diagram of the flow rate measuring device of the same embodiment, and FIG. 7 is an example flowchart. In FIG. 11, 14 is a signal width measuring means for measuring the time width between the zero cross points of the output of the amplifying means 6. The judging means 8 judges the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal from the output of the reference comparing means and the output of the amplifying means when the time measured by the signal width measuring means 14 is within a predetermined time width. The other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
【００３５】以上のように構成された流量計測装置につ
いて、以下その動作、作用を説明する。尚、フローチャ
ートのステップ１〜３迄は実施例１と同じであるので説
明はステップ３の第１超音波振動子２より超音波信号を
送信後より行う。第１超音波振動子２より送信された超
音波信号が流路１の流れの中を伝搬し、第２超音波振動
子３で受信されると、増幅手段６で増幅されて、図１２
の受信信号Ａのようになる。信号幅計時手段１４はこの
増幅手段６により増幅された超音波の受信信号Ａの符号
が正から負に変わる負のゼロクロス点（図１２のゼロク
ロス点ａ１、ａ３、ａ５）から負から正に変わる正のゼ
ロクロス点（図１２のゼロクロス点ａ２、ａ４）間の時
間を計時し、判定手段８へ出力する。判定手段８ではこ
の時間幅（時間幅ｔ１、ｔ２）が受信波の半波長（周波
数５００ｋｈｚであれば１μｓ）程であるかを、所定の
時間範囲（例えば下限を半波長の０．９倍、上限を１．
１倍）内の時間であるかで判断し（図１３のステップ
４）、所定の時間幅であった場合、次の信号幅計時手段
１４からの入力がある前に基準比較手段７の反転出力信
号Ｃが入力され（ステップ５）、それに続く負のゼロク
ロス点（ゼロクロス点ａ５）を超音波信号の到達時期と
判定し（ステップ６）、出力信号Ｄを繰り返し手段９に
出力する（ステップ７）。The operation and action of the flow rate measuring device constructed as above will be described below. Since steps 1 to 3 in the flowchart are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description will be given after the ultrasonic signal is transmitted from the first ultrasonic transducer 2 in step 3. When the ultrasonic signal transmitted from the first ultrasonic transducer 2 propagates in the flow of the flow channel 1 and is received by the second ultrasonic transducer 3, it is amplified by the amplifying means 6 and then, as shown in FIG.
The received signal A is as follows. The signal width measuring means 14 changes from a negative zero cross point (zero cross points a1, a3, a5 in FIG. 12) in which the sign of the ultrasonic reception signal A amplified by the amplifying means 6 changes from positive to negative to positive. The time between the positive zero-cross points (zero-cross points a2 and a4 in FIG. 12) is measured and output to the determination means 8. The determination means 8 determines whether this time width (time width t1, t2) is about a half wavelength (1 μs at a frequency of 500 kHz) of the received wave in a predetermined time range (for example, the lower limit is 0.9 times the half wavelength, The upper limit is 1.
If the time width is within a predetermined time width (step 4 in FIG. 13), and if the time width is within a predetermined time width, the inverted output of the reference comparison means 7 before the next input from the signal width measuring means 14 is made. The signal C is input (step 5), the subsequent negative zero-cross point (zero-cross point a5) is determined to be the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal (step 6), and the output signal D is output to the repeating means 9 (step 7). .
【００３６】このようにゼロクロス点ａ５では時間幅ｔ
２が受信波の半波長程度の時間であり、かつ基準比較手
段７の反転出力もなされた後の負のゼロクロス点である
ので超音波信号の到達時期と判定される。同様にゼロク
ロス点ａ３では時間幅ｔ１が受信波の半波長程度の時間
ではあるが、基準比較手段７の反転出力がなされないま
ま、信号幅計時手段１４の出力が更新されるので超音波
信号の到達時期とは判定されない。Thus, at the zero cross point a5, the time width t
Since 2 is a time of about a half wavelength of the received wave and is a negative zero-cross point after the inverted output of the reference comparison means 7 is also performed, it is determined that the ultrasonic signal arrives. Similarly, at the zero-cross point a3, the time width t1 is about half the wavelength of the received wave, but the output of the signal width measuring means 14 is updated without the inverted output of the reference comparison means 7, so that the ultrasonic signal It is not determined to be the arrival time.
【００３７】さらにノイズ信号Ｂのようなノイズの場
合、信号幅計時手段１４の計時する時間が所定の時間幅
とはならないので基準比較手段７の反転出力後の負のゼ
ロクロス点では超音波信号の到達時期とは判定しない。
以上のように本実施例においては、判定手段８により信
号幅計時手段１４が計時した増幅手段６出力のゼロクロ
ス点間の時間幅が、所定の時間範囲内であった場合の前
記基準比較手段７出力と増幅手段６出力とから超音波信
号の到達時期を判定することにより、ノイズによる流量
の誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とすることが出来る。ま
た、本実施例の流量計測装置の動作を実行させるプログ
ラムを記録媒体に格納することにより、制御手段１２等
の設定値の変更や超音波振動子の変更または経年変化等
にも柔軟に対応できるものである。以上説明したように
本発明の実施形態に係る流量計測装置は、ノイズの印加
で第１基準比較手段７及び第２基準比較手段１３の両方
で反転した場合は受信信号の負のゼロクロスポイントを
超音波信号の到達時期と判定せず、第１基準比較手段の
み大小関係が反転した後の受信信号の負のゼロクロスポ
イントを判定手段で超音波信号の到達ポイントと判定す
るようにすることで、通常の受信信号では起こり得ない
第２基準比較手段１３の反転出力が出力されるようなノ
イズによる誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とすることが出来
るという効果がある。 Further, in the case of noise such as the noise signal B, since the time measured by the signal width measuring means 14 does not reach the predetermined time width, the ultrasonic signal at the negative zero-cross point after the inverted output of the reference comparison means 7 It is not judged as the arrival time.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the reference comparison means 7 when the time width between the zero-cross points of the output of the amplification means 6 measured by the signal width measurement means 14 by the determination means 8 is within a predetermined time range. By determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal from the output and the output of the amplifying means 6, it is possible to provide a flow rate measuring device that prevents erroneous measurement of the flow rate due to noise. Further, by storing a program for executing the operation of the flow rate measuring device of the present embodiment in a recording medium, it is possible to flexibly deal with a change in the set value of the control means 12 or the like, a change in the ultrasonic transducer, or a secular change. It is a thing. As explained above
The flow rate measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention applies noise.
Both the first reference comparison means 7 and the second reference comparison means 13
When inverted with, the negative zero crossing point of the received signal
Without judging the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal, the first reference comparison means
Negative zero crossing of the received signal after the magnitude relationship is reversed.
The int is judged by the judging means as the arrival point of the ultrasonic signal.
By doing so, it is not possible with a normal received signal
When the inverted output of the second reference comparison means 13 is output,
It can be used as a flow rate measuring device to prevent erroneous measurement due to noise.
Has the effect of
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明に係る流量計
測装置は、ノイズによる誤計測を防ぐ流量計測装置とす
ることが出来るという効果がある。Flow rate measuring apparatus according to the present invention, as described above, according to the present invention has an effect of being able to flow measurement apparatus to prevent erroneous measurement due to noise.
【図１】本発明の実施例１における流量計測装置のブロ
ック図FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同装置の動作を説明する図FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the device.
【図３】同装置のフローチャートFIG. 3 is a flowchart of the device.
【図４】本発明の実施例２における流量計測装置のブロ
ック図FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】同装置の動作を説明する図FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the device.
【図６】同装置のフローチャートFIG. 6 is a flowchart of the device.
【図７】本発明の実施例３における流量計測装置のブロ
ック図FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】同装置のフローチャートFIG. 8 is a flowchart of the device.
【図９】本発明の実施例４における流量計測装置のブロ
ック図FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１０】同装置のフローチャートFIG. 10 is a flowchart of the device.
【図１１】本発明の実施例５における流量計測装置のブ
ロック図FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a flow rate measuring device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１２】同装置の動作を説明する図FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the operation of the same device.
【図１３】同装置のフローチャートFIG. 13 is a flowchart of the device.
【図１４】従来の流量計測装置のブロック図FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a conventional flow rate measuring device.
【図１５】従来の流量計測装置の動作説明図FIG. 15 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional flow rate measuring device.
【図１６】従来の流量計測装置の増幅手段の動作説明図FIG. 16 is an operation explanatory view of an amplifying means of a conventional flow rate measuring device.
１ 流路 ２ 第１超音波振動子 ３ 第２超音波振動子 ４ 切換手段 ５ 送信手段 ６ 増幅手段 ７ 第１基準比較手段 ８ 判定手段 ９ 繰り返し手段 １０ 計時手段 １１ 流量算出手段 １２ 制御手段 １３ 第２基準比較手段 １４ 信号幅計時手段 1 flow path 2 First ultrasonic transducer 3 Second ultrasonic transducer 4 switching means 5 Transmission means 6 amplification means 7 First standard comparison means 8 Judgment means 9 Repeating means 10 Timekeeping means 11 Flow rate calculating means 12 Control means 13 Second standard comparison means 14 Signal width measuring means
Claims (9)
する一対の振動子と、前記超音波信号の伝搬時間に基づ
いて流量を算出する流量算出手段と、前記振動子の受信
信号の電圧と予め設定された第１及び第２の基準電圧と
を比較検知する第１及び第２基準比較手段と、前記第１
及び第２基準比較手段と振動子の受信信号に基づいて超
音波信号の到達時期を判定する判定手段とを備え、前記
判定手段は、前記振動子の受信信号に対して第１の基準
電圧を検知した後、前記受信信号の符号が正負変化する
ゼロクロス点を検知した際の、第２の基準電圧の検知状
態に基づき超音波信号の到達時期を判定する流量計測装
置。1. A pair of transducers provided in a fluid conduit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, flow rate calculating means for calculating a flow rate based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic signals, and a voltage of a reception signal of the transducers. And first and second reference comparison means for comparing and detecting a preset first and second reference voltage, and the first
And a second reference comparison means and a determination means for determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal based on the reception signal of the transducer, wherein the determination means determines the first reference voltage with respect to the reception signal of the transducer. A flow rate measuring device that determines the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal based on the detection state of the second reference voltage when the zero-cross point where the sign of the received signal changes from positive to negative is detected after the detection.
第１の基準電圧を検知して前記受信信号の符号が正負変
化するゼロクロス点を検知した際に、第２の基準電圧を
検知していない場合に、超音波信号の到達時期と判定す
る請求項１記載の流量計測装置。2. The determining means detects the second reference voltage when detecting the first reference voltage with respect to the reception signal of the vibrator and detecting the zero-cross point at which the sign of the reception signal changes from positive to negative. The flow rate measuring device according to claim 1, wherein when the ultrasonic signal has not arrived, it is determined that the ultrasonic signal has arrived.
第１の基準電圧を検知して前記受信信号の符号が正負変
化するゼロクロス点を検知した際に、第２の基準電圧を
検知した場合に、当該超音波信号の受信信号を無視する
請求項１記載の流量計測装置。3. The determination means detects the second reference voltage when detecting the first reference voltage with respect to the reception signal of the vibrator and detecting the zero-cross point at which the sign of the reception signal changes from positive to negative. The flow rate measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the received signal of the ultrasonic signal is ignored in the case of doing so.
第１の基準電圧を検知した後、受信信号の符号が正負変
化するゼロクロス点を検知する間の、第２の基準電圧の
検知状態に基づき超音波信号の到達時期を判定するとと
もに、第２の基準電圧は第１の基準電圧よりも高く、通
常の受信信号では超えることのない電圧に設定されてい
る請求項１から３のいずれか１項記載の流量計測装置。4. The determination means determines the received signal of the vibrator.
After detecting the first reference voltage, the sign of the received signal changes
Of the second reference voltage during the detection of the zero crossing point
If the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal is determined based on the detection state,
The flow rate measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the second reference voltage is set higher than the first reference voltage and is set to a voltage that does not exceed a normal received signal.
手段による第２の基準電圧の検知状態に基づいて前記第
２の基準電圧を再設定する基準電圧設定部を備えた請求
項１から４のいずれか１項記載の流量計測装置。5. The second reference comparison means further comprises a reference voltage setting section for resetting the second reference voltage based on a detection state of the second reference voltage by the second reference comparison means. 5. The flow rate measuring device according to any one of items 4 to 4.
からの信号と振動子の受信信号とに基づいて超音波信号
の到達時期を判定する場合と、前記第１基準比較手段と
前記振動子の受信信号とに基づいて超音波信号の到達時
期を判定する場合とを切り換え可能な請求項１から５の
いずれか１項記載の流量計測装置。6. The judging means comprises first and second reference comparing means.
When the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal is determined based on the signal received from the transducer and the reception signal of the transducer, and when the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal is determined based on the reception signals of the first reference comparison means and the transducer. The flow rate measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is capable of switching between a case and a case.
備え、前記増幅手段のゲイン調整時に上記判定手段の切
り換え動作を行う請求項６記載の流量計測装置。7. Amplifying means for amplifying a received signal of a vibrator
The flow rate measuring device according to claim 6 , further comprising : a switching operation of the determination means when the gain of the amplification means is adjusted.
超音波信号を送受信する工程と、前記超音波信号の伝搬
時間に基づいて流量を算出する流量算出工程と、前記振
動子の受信信号の電圧と予め設定された第１及び第２の
基準電圧とを比較検知する第１及び第２基準比較工程
と、前記第１及び第２基準比較工程と振動子の受信信号
とに基づいて超音波信号の到達時期を判定する判定工程
とを備え、前記判定工程は、前記振動子の受信信号に対
して第１の基準電圧を検知した後、前記受信信号の符号
が正負変化するゼロクロス点を検知した際の、第２の基
準電圧の検知状態に基づき超音波信号の到達時期を判定
する流量計測方法。8. A step of transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic signal from a pair of transducers provided in a fluid conduit, a flow rate calculating step of calculating a flow rate based on a propagation time of the ultrasonic signal, and a reception of the transducer. Based on first and second reference comparison steps for comparing and detecting the voltage of the signal and preset first and second reference voltages, and based on the first and second reference comparison steps and the reception signal of the vibrator. A determination step of determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal, wherein the determination step is a zero-cross point at which the sign of the received signal changes from positive to negative after detecting the first reference voltage with respect to the received signal of the transducer. A flow rate measuring method for determining the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal based on the detection state of the second reference voltage when detecting the.
計測装置の各構成要素の機能をコンピュータに実行する
ためのプログラム。9. A program for causing a computer to execute the function of each component of the ultrasonic measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002011333A JP3473606B2 (en) | 2002-01-21 | 2002-01-21 | Flow rate measuring device and program for making this device function |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP3473606B2 true JP3473606B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 |
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| JP2013156075A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Aichi Tokei Denki Co Ltd | Ultrasonic flowmeter |
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