JP3450285B2 - Multiple access communication device - Google Patents
Multiple access communication deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3450285B2 JP3450285B2 JP2000271037A JP2000271037A JP3450285B2 JP 3450285 B2 JP3450285 B2 JP 3450285B2 JP 2000271037 A JP2000271037 A JP 2000271037A JP 2000271037 A JP2000271037 A JP 2000271037A JP 3450285 B2 JP3450285 B2 JP 3450285B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- transmission
- reference signal
- reception
- frequency band
- Prior art date
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- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Radio Transmission System (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は多元接続通信装置に
関し、特にアレイ・アンテナを採用して多元接続可能な
複数の個別の通信経路毎に送受信方向が設定できるよう
にしたＣＤＭＡ方式等による多元接続通信装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multiple access communication device, and more particularly to a multiple access using a CDMA system or the like in which array antennas are used to set a transmission / reception direction for each of a plurality of individual communication paths capable of multiple access. Regarding a communication device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、符号分割多元接続（ＣＤＭＡ)
方式を採用した多元接続の移動体通信では、当初、指向
特性が固定された単一のアンテナを用い、広範囲に送信
電波を放射し、各方向からの電波を受信して通信を行っ
ていたが、このような多元接続通信装置では、指向特性
が固定された単一のアンテナを用い、送信電波を広範囲
に放射するためにその送信電力が大きく、また、複数の
通信が同時に、同一の送受信範囲で行われるため、通信
間の干渉も多くなる。そこで、複数のアンテナ素子を配
列したアレイ・アンテナを使用し、個々の通信毎にその
電波の送受信方向を定めて通信する方式が一般的となっ
てきている。2. Description of the Related Art For example, code division multiple access (CDMA)
In multi-access mobile communication that adopted the method, initially, a single antenna with fixed directional characteristics was used to radiate a transmission radio wave over a wide range and receive radio waves from each direction for communication. In such a multiple access communication device, a single antenna having a fixed directional characteristic is used, and its transmission power is large in order to radiate a transmission radio wave in a wide range. However, there is also a lot of interference between communications. Therefore, it is becoming common to use an array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged, and determine the transmission / reception direction of the radio wave for each communication to perform communication.
【０００３】図４は、このようなアレイ・アンテナを用
いた多元接続通信装置の一例（従来の第１の例）を示す
ブロック図である。この第１の例は、複数のアンテナ素
子１１が配列されて、供給された無線周波数帯の送信信
号に基づいて送信電波（ＴＷ１，ＴＷ２）を放射し、送
られて来た電波（ＲＷ１，ＲＷ２）を受信し無線周波帯
の受信信号を出力するアレイ・アンテナ部１０と、アレ
イ・アンテナ部１０の各アンテナ素子１１毎に設けられ
た、送信機５１ａ、受信機５２ａ、及び送受信共用器５
３ａを備えた送受信部５０と、個別の通信毎、各アンテ
ナ素子毎に送信用の指向性制御素子２１、受信用の指向
性制御素子２２を備え、各送信情報信号ＴＸ１，ＴＸ２
が持つアンテナ指向特性情報を制御して送信機５１ａに
供給しアレイ・アンテナ部１０からの送信電波ＴＷ１，
ＴＷ２の指向性を制御し、各受信機５２ａからの受信情
報信号が持つアンテナ指向特性情報を制御してアレイ・
アンテナ部１０で受信する電波（ＲＷ１，ＲＷ２）に対
する指向性を制御するアンテナ指向性制御部２０とを有
する構成となっている。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example (first conventional example) of a multiple access communication apparatus using such an array antenna. In this first example, a plurality of antenna elements 11 are arranged, and the transmitted radio waves (TW1, TW2) are radiated based on the supplied transmission signals in the radio frequency band, and the transmitted radio waves (RW1, RW2). ) And outputs a received signal in the radio frequency band, and a transmitter 51a, a receiver 52a, and a duplexer 5 provided for each antenna element 11 of the array antenna unit 10.
The transmission / reception unit 50 including 3a, the directivity control element 21 for transmission, and the directivity control element 22 for reception for each antenna element for each individual communication are provided, and the transmission information signals TX1 and TX2 are provided.
The antenna directivity information held by the antenna is controlled and supplied to the transmitter 51a to transmit the radio wave TW1 from the array antenna unit 10.
By controlling the directivity of the TW2 and controlling the antenna directivity characteristic information included in the reception information signal from each receiver 52a, the array
The antenna directivity control unit 20 controls the directivity for the radio waves (RW1, RW2) received by the antenna unit 10.
【０００４】この第１の例では、個別の通信毎に、その
送信電波（ＴＷ１，ＴＷ２）の指向性を制御することが
できて特定の方向に電波を集中することができるので、
送信電力を低減することができ、また、受信電波ＲＷ
１，ＲＷ２に対する指向性も制御できて特定の方向から
の電波を受信することができるので、個別の通信間の干
渉を低減することができる。In the first example, the directivity of the transmitted radio waves (TW1, TW2) can be controlled for each individual communication, and the radio waves can be concentrated in a specific direction.
Transmission power can be reduced and received radio wave RW
Since the directivity with respect to 1 and RW2 can be controlled and radio waves from a specific direction can be received, interference between individual communications can be reduced.
【０００５】しかしながら、このように複数のアンテナ
素子１１それぞれに対し送信機５１ａ、受信機５２ａ、
及び送受信共用器５３ａを含む送受信部５０が設けられ
ていると、これら各送受信部５０間で、その振幅特性、
位相特性の個別的、経時的な差が生じて指向性に悪影響
を与え、送信電力の低減効果、通信間干渉の低減効果が
十分引き出せないという問題点がある。このような問題
点を解決するために、本願発明者らによる図５乃至図７
に示すような多元接続通信装置（従来の第２の例）が提
案された（特願2000-058983号）。However, as described above, the transmitter 51a, the receiver 52a,
And a transmission / reception unit 50 including the transmission / reception duplexer 53a is provided, the amplitude characteristics between the transmission / reception units 50,
There is a problem in that individual and time-dependent differences in phase characteristics occur, which adversely affects the directivity, and the effect of reducing transmission power and the effect of reducing inter-communication interference cannot be sufficiently obtained. In order to solve such a problem, the inventors of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A multiple access communication device (second conventional example) as shown in FIG. 1 has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-058983).
【０００６】この第２の例が、図４に示された第１の例
と相違する点は、この第１の例のアレイ・アンテナ部１
０の複数のアンテナ素子１１それぞれと対応して設けら
れた送受信部５０に代えて、これら複数のアンテナ素子
１１と対応して、図６に示された回路構成の振幅・位相
制御送受信部３０ａを設けた点にあり、これら振幅・位
相制御送受信部３０aそれぞれの詳細は次のとおりとな
っている。まず、送信機３２、送受信共用器３３及び受
信機３６は、第１の例の送受信部５０の送信機５１ａ、
送受信共用器５３ａ、及び受信機５２ａと同様の機能を
有している。送信機３２の入力端と送信情報信号（ＴＸ
１，ＴＸ２）入力端との間には、送信系信号経路の参照
信号（ＲＦ）に対する振幅特性及び位相特性を較正信号
ｗに基づいて制御する送信側振幅・位相制御器３１が設
けられ、受信機３６の出力端と受信情報信号（ＲＸ１，
ＲＸ２）出力端との間には、受信系信号経路の参照信号
（ＲＦ）に対する振幅特性及び位相特性を較正信号ｗに
基づいて制御する受信側振幅・位相制御器３７と、受信
情報信号出力端の信号に参照信号成分が残らないように
する参照信号除去器３８ａとが直列に設けられ、また、
送受信共用器３３とアンテナ素子１１との間の無線周波
帯の送信信号伝送路及び受信信号伝送路には、参照信号
ＲＦを無線周波帯の受信信号と同一の周波帯の信号に変
換して受信信号伝送路に導入する参照信号導入部３４ａ
と、送信信号伝送路の参照信号を導き出して受信信号の
無線周波帯の信号に変換し、参照信号導入部３４ａを介
して受信信号伝送路に導入する送信参照信号導出部３５
ａとが設けられ、更に、参照信号ｄ及び受信機出力信号
ｕを入力して較正信号ｗを発生する較正信号発生器７１
と、受信系信号経路の信号に対する較正信号ｗを保持す
る保持回路７２と、送信系信号経路の信号に対する較正
信号ｗを保持する保持回路７３と、送受切換え用の切換
器Ｓ３〜Ｓ６と、を備え、この較正信号ｗを送信側振幅
・位相制御器３１及び受信側振幅・位相制御器３７へ供
給する較正信号発生保持器７０が設けられ、また送受切
換え用の切換器が、参照信号導入部３４ａ（Ｓ１）及び
送信参照信号導出部３５ａ（Ｓ２）にも設けられてい
る。The second example differs from the first example shown in FIG. 4 in that the array antenna section 1 of the first example is different.
In place of the transmitting / receiving unit 50 provided corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna elements 11 of 0, the amplitude / phase control transmitting / receiving unit 30a of the circuit configuration shown in FIG. The details of each of the amplitude / phase control transmission / reception units 30a are as follows. First, the transmitter 32, the transmission / reception duplexer 33, and the receiver 36 are the transmitter 51a of the transmission / reception unit 50 of the first example,
It has the same functions as the transmission / reception duplexer 53a and the receiver 52a. The input end of the transmitter 32 and the transmission information signal (TX
1, TX2) input end, a transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31 for controlling the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal (RF) of the transmission system signal path based on the calibration signal w is provided. Output terminal of the machine 36 and the received information signal (RX1,
RX2) output end, a reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 for controlling the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal (RF) of the reception system signal path based on the calibration signal w, and the reception information signal output end. Is provided in series with a reference signal remover 38a for preventing the reference signal component from remaining in the signal of
The reference signal RF is converted into a signal in the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band and received in the transmission signal transmission line and the reception signal transmission line in the radio frequency band between the transmission / reception duplexer 33 and the antenna element 11. Reference signal introducing section 34a to be introduced into the signal transmission path
And a transmission reference signal derivation unit 35 that derives a reference signal of the transmission signal transmission line, converts it into a signal in the radio frequency band of the reception signal, and introduces it into the reception signal transmission line via the reference signal introduction unit 34a.
and a calibration signal generator 71 for receiving the reference signal d and the receiver output signal u and generating the calibration signal w.
A holding circuit 72 for holding the calibration signal w for the signal of the reception system signal path, a holding circuit 73 for holding the calibration signal w for the signal of the transmission system signal path, and switchers S3 to S6 for switching between transmission and reception. A calibration signal generation holder 70 for supplying the calibration signal w to the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31 and the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 is provided, and a switching unit for switching between transmission and reception is provided as a reference signal introduction unit. 34a (S1) and the transmission reference signal derivation unit 35a (S2).
【０００７】なお、較正信号発生器７１は、図７に示す
ように、乗算器７１１１と積分器７１１２とを含み、受
信系信号経路の信号に対しては（切換器Ｓ３〜Ｓ６のｒ
側）、受信機３６の出力端からの受信系信号経路の信号
ｕと参照信号ｄ（その入力端から導いた）との相互相関
をとる相互相関器７１１と、乗算器７１２１と積分器７
１２２とを含み、参照信号ｄの自己相関をとる自己相関
器７１２と、乗算器７１３１，７１３３と加算器７１３
２，７１３５とパラメータ増幅器７１３４と遅延器７１
３６とを含み、相互相関器７１１の出力信号（ｕ′）及
び自己相関器７１２の出力信号（ｄ′）を入力して図７
の下側に示すようなＬＭＳアルゴリズムに基づく演算を
行い較正信号ｗを出力するＬＭＳ演算器７１３と、を備
えており、送信系信号経路の信号に対しては、受信側較
正を行った後、切換器Ｓ３〜Ｓ６をｔ側とし、受信系信
号経路の信号ｕ（以下単に、受信経路信号ｕという）と
して受信側振幅・位相制御器３７の出力信号を用い、参
照信号ｄとして送信機３２の入力端の信号を用いて同様
の演算を行う構成となっている。As shown in FIG. 7, the calibration signal generator 71 includes a multiplier 7111 and an integrator 7112, and for the signal of the reception system signal path (r of the switching devices S3 to S6).
Side), a cross-correlator 711 that cross-correlates the signal u in the signal path of the receiving system from the output end of the receiver 36 and the reference signal d (derived from the input end), the multiplier 7121 and the integrator 7
122, and an autocorrelator 712 that takes the autocorrelation of the reference signal d, multipliers 7131 and 7133, and an adder 713.
2, 7135, parameter amplifier 7134, and delay device 71
7 and inputs the output signal (u ′) of the cross-correlator 711 and the output signal (d ′) of the auto-correlator 712.
And an LMS calculator 713 that outputs a calibration signal w by performing an operation based on an LMS algorithm as shown in the lower side of FIG. The switches S3 to S6 are set to the t side, the output signal of the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 is used as the signal u of the reception system signal path (hereinafter simply referred to as the reception path signal u), and the transmitter 32 is used as the reference signal d. The same calculation is performed using the signal at the input end.
【０００８】次に、これら各部及び全体の動作、機能等
について説明する。はじめに、受信系の振幅位相制御・
参照信号除去動作について説明する（図６は、受信系が
制御される状態を示している）。まず、送信情報信号
（ＴＸ１，ＴＸ２）入力端に入力された参照信号ＲＦ
は、参照信号導入部３４ａに伝達される。この参照信号
導入部３４ａは、参照信号ＲＦと、各受信系信号経路に
共通位相の局部発振器４０ａからの周波数ｆｒの発振信
号とをミキシングして、参照信号を無線周波帯の受信信
号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換し、受信信号伝送路に導
入する。受信信号伝送路に導入された無線周波帯の参照
信号は、送受信共用器３３を経由して受信機３６に入
り、この受信機３６で受信情報信号の周波帯と同一の周
波帯、従って送信情報信号入力端の参照信号ＲＦと同一
の周波帯に変換され、受信側振幅・位相制御器３７に供
給される。受信側振幅・位相制御器３７では、較正信号
発生保持器７０からの較正信号ｗに基づいて、供給され
た信号に対する振幅特性及び位相特性を制御し、参照信
号除去器３８ａへ出力する。参照信号除去器３８ａは加
算器３８１を備えていて、受信側振幅・位相制御器３７
の出力信号に対し、参照信号ＲＦのその入力端（送信情
報信号入力端）の信号を減算処理し、受信情報信号出力
端の信号に参照信号成分が残存しないようにする。すな
わち、参照信号成分を除去するように働く。Next, the operation and function of each of these parts and the whole will be described. First, the amplitude and phase control of the receiving system
The reference signal removing operation will be described (FIG. 6 shows a state in which the receiving system is controlled). First, the reference signal RF input to the transmission information signal (TX1, TX2) input terminal
Is transmitted to the reference signal introducing unit 34a. The reference signal introducing unit 34a mixes the reference signal RF with the oscillation signal of the frequency fr from the local oscillator 40a having a common phase in each reception system signal path, and makes the reference signal the same as the reception signal in the radio frequency band. It is converted into a signal in the frequency band and introduced into the reception signal transmission line. The reference signal in the radio frequency band introduced to the reception signal transmission line enters the receiver 36 via the transmission / reception duplexer 33, and in this receiver 36, the same frequency band as the frequency band of the reception information signal, that is, transmission information. The signal is converted into the same frequency band as the reference signal RF at the signal input end and supplied to the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37. The reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37 controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the supplied signal based on the calibration signal w from the calibration signal generation holder 70, and outputs it to the reference signal remover 38a. The reference signal remover 38 a includes an adder 381, and the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 37
Is subtracted from the output signal of the reference signal RF at the input end (transmission information signal input end) so that the reference signal component does not remain in the signal at the reception information signal output end. That is, it works to remove the reference signal component.
【０００９】次に、送信系の振幅位相制御動作について
説明する（図６の切換器Ｓ１〜Ｓ６をｔ側に切換え
る）。この送信系の振幅位相制御が行われる前に、前述
の受信系の振幅位相制御・参照信号除去を済ませてお
く。送信情報信号（ＴＸ１，ＴＸ２）入力端に入力され
た参照信号ＲＦは、送信側振幅・位相制御器３１に入力
されて、そこで、較正信号ｗに基づいて参照信号ＲＦに
対する振幅特性及び位相特性が制御される。この制御さ
れた参照信号は送信機３２に送られて無線周波帯の送信
信号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換され、送受信共用器３
３を経由して対応するアンテナ素子１１に伝達される。
この送受信共用器３３からアンテナ素子１１への送信信
号伝送路において、送信参照信号導出部３５ａにより、
送信信号伝送路中の無線周波帯（送信用の）の参照信号
が導き出されて、複数の送信系信号経路に共通位相の局
部発振器４０ｂからの信号を用いて無線周波帯の受信信
号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換され、参照信号導入部３
４ａに送られて、受信信号伝送路（送信信号伝送路と共
用）に導入される。Next, the amplitude phase control operation of the transmission system will be described (switches S1 to S6 in FIG. 6 are switched to the t side). Before the amplitude / phase control of the transmission system is performed, the amplitude / phase control and reference signal removal of the reception system described above are completed. The reference signal RF input to the transmission information signal (TX1, TX2) input terminal is input to the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31, where the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal RF are based on the calibration signal w. Controlled. The controlled reference signal is sent to the transmitter 32 and converted into a signal in the same frequency band as the transmission signal in the radio frequency band.
3 is transmitted to the corresponding antenna element 11.
In the transmission signal transmission path from the transmission / reception duplexer 33 to the antenna element 11, the transmission reference signal derivation unit 35a
A reference signal in the radio frequency band (for transmission) in the transmission signal transmission path is derived, and the same signal as the reception signal in the radio frequency band is used by using signals from the local oscillator 40b having a common phase in a plurality of transmission system signal paths. Converted to a frequency band signal, the reference signal introduction unit 3
4a, and is introduced into the reception signal transmission line (shared with the transmission signal transmission line).
【００１０】受信信号伝送路に導入された参照信号は、
送受信共用器３３、受信機３６及び受信側振幅・位相制
御器３７を経由して参照信号除去器３８ａに入力され、
ここで参照信号ＲＦの、送信情報信号入力端の信号との
減算処理が行われ、受信情報信号（ＲＸ１，ＲＸ２）出
力端に出力される。受信側振幅・位相制御器３７では、
較正信号発生保持器７０の保持回路７２に保持された受
信系の制御における最終時点の較正信号ｗで参照信号に
対する振幅特性、位相特性が制御されているので、受信
系信号経路の振幅特性、位相特性は、その制御における
最終時点の状態を保っている。The reference signal introduced into the reception signal transmission line is
It is input to the reference signal remover 38a via the transmission / reception duplexer 33, the receiver 36, and the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37,
Here, the reference signal RF is subtracted from the signal at the input end of the transmission information signal, and is output to the output end of the reception information signals (RX1, RX2). In the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 37,
Since the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal are controlled by the calibration signal w at the final point in the control of the receiving system held in the holding circuit 72 of the calibration signal generating holder 70, the amplitude characteristic and the phase of the receiving system signal path are controlled. The property retains its final state of control.
【００１１】この第２の例において、参照信号をｄ、受
信系信号経路の入力端における信号を（ｒｃ＋ｄ）、受
信系信号経路における振幅、位相の変化量をδとして受
信系信号経路を受信機３６まで通過した受信、すなわち
受信経路信号ｕを（ｒｃ＋ｄ）×δとすると、受信側振
幅・位相制御器３７及び較正信号発生保持器７０による
演算は、参照信号ｄに着目して、その受信系信号経路に
おける変化量を打ち消すように働くので、
（ｒｃ＋ｄ）×δ×ｗ（その複素共役）→ｒｃ＋ｄ
となる。In this second example, the reference signal is d, the signal at the input end of the reception system signal path is (rc + d), and the change amount of the amplitude and phase in the reception system signal path is δ. 36, that is, the reception path signal u is (rc + d) × δ, the calculation by the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 and the calibration signal generation holder 70 focuses on the reference signal d Since it works to cancel the amount of change in the signal path, (rc + d) × δ × w (the complex conjugate thereof) → rc + d.
【００１２】ここで、較正信号発生器７１において、受
信経路信号ｕと参照信号ｄとの相互相関をとり、また参
照信号ｄの自己相関をとると、参照信号ｄと受信信号ｒ
ｃとの間では相関がなく、かつ受信信号ｒｃは時々刻々
変化するので、相互相関器７１１の積分器７１１２によ
って受信信号（ｒｃ）成分は排除され、その出力信号
ｕ′は参照信号ｄが優位となり、自己相関器７１２にお
いても、参照信号ｄは固定であるので、その出力信号に
対するＳＮ比は改善される。すなわち、受信信号ｒｃに
対する干渉を少なくするために、参照信号ｄが受信信号
に対し大幅に小さいレベルであっても、前述の式のｒｃ
成分を排除することができ、参照信号ｄに着目して、精
度よくδ×ｗ＝１とすることができ、受信系信号経路の
信号に対し、高い精度でその振幅特性及び位相特性を較
正することができると同時に受信信号出力端における参
照信号成分を除去でき、かつ複数の振幅・位相制御送受
信部３０ａ相互間のそれを均一にすることができる。こ
のことは、送信系信号経路の信号についても同様であ
る。Here, in the calibration signal generator 71, when the cross-correlation between the reception path signal u and the reference signal d is obtained and the auto-correlation of the reference signal d is taken, the reference signal d and the reception signal r are obtained.
Since there is no correlation with c and the received signal rc changes momentarily, the received signal (rc) component is eliminated by the integrator 7112 of the cross-correlator 711, and the output signal u ′ is dominated by the reference signal d. Since the reference signal d is fixed also in the autocorrelator 712, the SN ratio for the output signal is improved. That is, in order to reduce interference with the received signal rc, even if the reference signal d is at a level significantly smaller than the received signal,
The component can be eliminated, δ × w = 1 can be accurately set by paying attention to the reference signal d, and the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the signal of the reception system signal path can be calibrated with high accuracy. At the same time, it is possible to remove the reference signal component at the output end of the received signal and to make it uniform among the plurality of amplitude / phase control transmitting / receiving units 30a. This also applies to the signals on the transmission system signal path.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した従来の多元接
続通信装置における第２の例では、その振幅・位相制御
送受信部３０ａが、参照信号導入部３４ａ、送信参照信
号導出部３５ａ、１つの較正信号発生器７１を備えた較
正信号発生保持器７０、及び１つの加算器３８１を備え
た参照信号除去器３８ａにより受信系の振幅位相制御、
及び送信系の振幅位相制御を、同一の参照信号ＲＦを用
いて異なる時間帯で行う構成となっているために、受信
系、送信系切換え用の切換器が、参照信号導入部３４ａ
及び送信参照信号導出部３５ａそれぞれに１つずつ（Ｓ
１，Ｓ２）、較正信号発生保持部７０に４つ（Ｓ３〜Ｓ
６）必要となり、中でも切換器Ｓ１，Ｓ２はアナログの
無線周波帯の信号を処理する回路に存在するため、これ
ら回路の動作中での接続、切断動作は、雑音や回路誤動
作等の不具合の原因となる危険性を含んでおり、また、
受信系と送信系とが別々に行われるので、全体の振幅位
相制御動作に時間がかかる上、切換え動作のための回路
が複雑になる、という問題点がある。In the second example of the conventional multiple access communication device described above, the amplitude / phase control transmitting / receiving unit 30a has a reference signal introducing unit 34a, a transmission reference signal deriving unit 35a, and one calibration. Amplitude and phase control of the reception system by a calibration signal generation holder 70 including a signal generator 71 and a reference signal remover 38a including one adder 381,
Further, since the amplitude and phase control of the transmission system are performed in different time zones by using the same reference signal RF, the switching device for switching the reception system and the transmission system is the reference signal introducing unit 34a.
And one for each transmission reference signal derivation unit 35a (S
1, S2), and four in the calibration signal generating and holding unit 70 (S3 to S2).
6) Necessary, and since the switches S1 and S2 are present in the circuits that process signals in the analog radio frequency band, the connection and disconnection operations during the operation of these circuits may cause problems such as noise and circuit malfunction. The risk of becoming
Since the reception system and the transmission system are performed separately, there are problems that the entire amplitude / phase control operation takes time and the circuit for the switching operation becomes complicated.
【００１４】本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点に
鑑みて、切換器をなくして雑音や回路誤動作の原因を除
去すると同時に回路の簡素化をはかり、かつ送受同時に
振幅位相制御動作ができて、その時間を短縮することが
できる多元接続通信装置を提供することにある。In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the switching device to eliminate the cause of noise and circuit malfunction, and at the same time simplify the circuit, and to perform the amplitude phase control operation at the same time as transmission and reception. And to provide a multiple access communication device capable of shortening the time.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の多元接続通信装
置は、アレイ・アンテナを用いて、多元接続可能な複数
の個別の通信経路それぞれに対し、送信電波の送信方
向、及び送られて来た電波に対する受信方向を設定して
通信を行う多元接続通信装置であって、上記目的を達成
するために次の各構成を有することを特徴とする。
（イ）複数のアンテナ素子が配列されて成り、これら複
数のアンテナ素子それぞれに供給された無線周波帯の送
信信号に基づいて、前記複数の個別の通信経路それぞれ
に対し送信指向性を設定して送信電波を放射する一方、
送られて来た電波を前記複数のアンテナ素子それぞれで
受信して無線周波帯の受信信号として出力するアレイ・
アンテナ部
（ロ）前記アレイ・アンテナ部の複数のアンテナ素子そ
れぞれと対応して設けられ、前記複数の個別の通信経路
それぞれの送信情報信号を、前記無線周波帯の送信信号
に変換処理して対応するアンテナ素子に供給する複数の
送信機
（ハ）前記アレイ・アンテナ部の複数のアンテナ素子そ
れぞれと対応して設けられ、対応するアンテナ素子から
の無線周波帯の受信信号を、前記複数の個別の通信経路
それぞれの受信情報信号に変換処理する複数の受信機
（ニ）前記アレイ・アンテナ部の複数のアンテナ素子そ
れぞれに供給される無線周波帯の送信信号の、アンテナ
指向性情報を前記複数の個別の通信経路ごとに制御する
一方、前記アレイ・アンテナ部で受信する電波に対する
指向性を前記複数の個別の通信経路それぞれに対し設
定、制御するアンテナ指向性制御部
（ホ）前記送信情報信号及び受信情報信号の周波帯と同
一の周波帯を有する受信系の参照信号を、受信系制御用
局部発振信号に基づいて前記無線周波帯の受信信号と同
一の周波帯の信号に変換して前記アレイ・アンテナ部の
複数のアンテナ素子それぞれの無線周波帯の受信信号伝
送路に導入し、この導入部分から、対応する受信機を経
由してその受信情報信号の出力端に至るまでの受信系信
号経路における前記受信系の参照信号に対する振幅特性
及び位相特性を、前記受信系信号経路の受信情報信号出
力端近傍の信号と、前記受信系の参照信号のその導入部
分の信号との間の差の情報に基づいて制御し、かつこの
受信情報信号出力端の信号中の受信系の参照信号部分を
除去することにより、これら複数の受信系信号経路の間
でその振幅特性及び位相特性を互いに等しくする複数の
受信系振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段
（へ）前記受信系の参照信号との間の相関係数が十分小
さい送信系の参照信号を、前記複数の送信機それぞれへ
の送信情報信号の入力端に、前記受信系の参照信号と同
時に印加し、これら複数の送信機で無線周波帯の送信信
号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換処理して対応するアンテ
ナ素子に供給し、この対応するアンテナ素子への送信信
号伝送路から、無線周波帯の送信系の参照信号を導き出
して送信系制御用局部発振信号に基づいて無線周波帯の
受信信号と同一の周波帯に変換し、対応するアンテナ素
子の受信信号伝送路に導入してその受信系信号経路に供
給し、前記送信情報信号の入力端から、前記アンテナ素
子への送信信号伝送路の参照信号導出部分に至るまでの
送信系信号経路における前記送信系の参照信号に対する
振幅特性及び位相特性を、前記送信情報信号の入力端の
信号と前記参照信号導出部分の出力端の信号との間の差
の情報に基づいて制御し、かつ前記受信情報信号出力端
の信号中の送信系の参照信号成分を除去することによ
り、複数の送信系信号経路の間でその振幅特性及び位相
特性を互いに等しくする複数の送信系振幅位相制御・参
照信号除去手段
（ト）前記受信系制御用局部発振信号を発生して前記複
数の受信系振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段に供給する
受信系制御用局部発振器、及び前記送信系制御用局部発
振信号を発生して前記複数の送信系振幅位相制御・参照
信号除去手段に供給する送信系制御用局部発振器A multiple-access communication device of the present invention uses an array antenna to transmit a transmission radio wave to each of a plurality of individual communication paths capable of multiple access, and to transmit the radio waves. A multiple access communication device that sets a reception direction for radio waves and performs communication, and is characterized by having the following configurations in order to achieve the above object. (A) A plurality of antenna elements are arranged, and transmission directivity is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths based on the transmission signal in the radio frequency band supplied to each of the plurality of antenna elements. While transmitting radio waves,
An array that receives the transmitted radio waves with each of the plurality of antenna elements and outputs them as radio frequency band reception signals.
Antenna unit (b) Corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit by converting the transmission information signal of each of the plurality of individual communication paths into the transmission signal of the radio frequency band. A plurality of transmitters (c) provided to correspond to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit, and receive the radio frequency band received signals from the corresponding antenna elements by the plurality of individual antenna elements. A plurality of receivers for converting the received information signals of the respective communication paths (d) The antenna directivity information of the radio frequency band transmission signals supplied to the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, respectively. While controlling for each communication path of, the directivity for the radio waves received by the array antenna unit is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths, Antenna directivity control unit (e) A reference signal of a receiving system having the same frequency band as the frequency band of the transmission information signal and the reception information signal, a radio frequency band of the radio frequency band based on a local oscillation signal for controlling the reception system. Converted to a signal in the same frequency band as the received signal and introduced into the received signal transmission line of the radio frequency band of each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, and from this introduced portion, via the corresponding receiver The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal of the receiving system in the receiving system signal path up to the output end of the receiving information signal are calculated by comparing the signal in the vicinity of the receiving information signal output end of the receiving system signal path with the signal of the receiving system. These plural receiving systems are controlled by controlling based on the information of the difference between the reference signal and the signal of its introductory part, and by removing the reference signal part of the receiving system in the signal at the output end of the received information signal. Reference correlation coefficient is sufficiently small transmission system between the amplitude and phase characteristics (to) each other equally plurality of receiving systems amplitude phase control, the reference signal removing means reference signal of the reception system between the No. pathway A signal is applied to the input ends of the transmission information signals to each of the plurality of transmitters at the same time as the reference signal of the reception system, and a signal in the same frequency band as the transmission signal of the radio frequency band is generated by the plurality of transmitters. The signal is converted and supplied to the corresponding antenna element, the reference signal of the transmission system of the radio frequency band is derived from the transmission signal transmission line to this corresponding antenna element, and the radio frequency band is generated based on the local oscillation signal for transmission system control. Of the received signal is converted into the same frequency band as the received signal, introduced into the received signal transmission line of the corresponding antenna element and supplied to the reception system signal path, and the transmission signal from the input end of the transmission information signal to the antenna element. Transmission line The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal of the transmission system in the transmission system signal path up to the reference signal derivation part of the signal at the input end of the transmission information signal and the signal at the output end of the reference signal derivation part. By controlling based on the information of the difference between them, and by removing the reference signal component of the transmission system in the signal at the output terminal of the reception information signal, the amplitude characteristic and phase between the transmission system signal paths
A plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removal means (g) for making the characteristics equal to each other (g) A reception system for generating the reception system control local oscillation signal and supplying it to the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removal means Control local oscillator, and transmission system control local oscillator for generating the transmission system control local oscillation signal and supplying it to the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means
【００１６】また、前記複数の受信系振幅位相制御・参
照信号除去手段それぞれで用いられる受信系の参照信号
が、対応する送信機に入力される送信情報信号を予め定
められた時間だけ遅延させた信号であり、前記複数の送
信系振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段で用いられる送信
系の参照信号が、前記送信情報信号そのものである構成
を有している。Further, the reference signals of the receiving system used in each of the plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means delay the transmission information signal input to the corresponding transmitter by a predetermined time. The reference signal of the transmission system, which is a signal and is used in the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means, is the transmission information signal itself.
【００１７】また、前記複数の受信系振幅位相制御・参
照信号除去手段それぞれが、前記受信系の参照信号を無
線周波帯の受信信号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換して対
応するアンテナ素子の無線周波帯の受信信号伝送路に導
入する参照信号導入部と、対応する受信系信号経路の信
号に対し受信系の誤差信号に基づいて振幅特性及び位相
特性を制御する受信側振幅・位相制御部と、対応する受
信情報信号出力端近傍の信号に対し、前記受信系の参照
信号を、その入力端から導いて減算し、この信号中の受
信系の参照信号成分を除去する受信系の参照信号除去部
と、前記受信系信号経路の受信情報信号出力端近傍の信
号と前記受信系の参照信号のその導入部分の信号との間
の差を検出して前記受信系の誤差信号として出力する受
信系の誤差検出部とを含んで成り、前記複数の送信系振
幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段それぞれが、対応するア
ンテナ素子への送信信号伝送路から無線周波帯の、送信
系の参照信号を導き出して無線周波帯の受信信号と同一
の周波帯の信号に変換し、前記参照信号導入部を通して
対応するアンテナ素子からの受信信号伝送路に導入する
参照信号導出・導入部と、対応する送信系信号経路の信
号に対し送信系の誤差信号に基づいて振幅特性及び位相
特性を制御する送信側振幅・位相制御部と、対応する受
信系信号経路の受信情報信号出力端近傍の信号に対し、
前記送信系の参照信号を、その入力端から導いて減算
し、この信号中の送信系の参照信号成分を除去する送信
系の参照信号除去部と、前記送信情報信号の入力端の信
号と前記参照信号導出部分の出力端の信号との間の差を
検出して前記送信系の誤差信号として出力する送信系の
誤差検出部とを含んで構成される。Further, each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means converts the reference signal of the reception system into a signal in the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band and corresponds to the corresponding antenna element. A reference signal introduction unit to be introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band, and a reception side amplitude / phase control unit to control the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the error signal of the reception system with respect to the signal of the corresponding reception system signal path. And a reference signal of the receiving system for removing the reference signal component of the receiving system from the input end of the reference signal of the receiving system with respect to the signal in the vicinity of the corresponding receiving information signal output end, Receiving unit that detects a difference between a signal in the vicinity of a reception information signal output end of the receiving system signal path and a signal of its introductory portion of the reference signal of the receiving system and outputs it as an error signal of the receiving system. System error detector Each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means derives a reference signal of a transmission system from a transmission signal transmission path to a corresponding antenna element to receive a reference signal of the transmission system. A reference signal deriving / introducing unit that converts the signal into a signal in the same frequency band as that of the signal and introduces it through the reference signal introducing unit into the reception signal transmission path from the corresponding antenna element, and transmits to the signal in the corresponding transmission system signal path For the transmission side amplitude / phase control unit that controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the error signal of the system, and the signal in the vicinity of the reception information signal output end of the corresponding reception system signal path,
The reference signal of the transmission system is introduced from its input end and subtracted to remove the reference signal component of the transmission system in the signal, a reference signal removal unit of the transmission system, a signal at the input end of the transmission information signal, and An error detection unit of the transmission system that detects a difference between the reference signal derivation portion and the signal at the output end and outputs the difference as an error signal of the transmission system.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の一実施の形態は、複数の
受信系振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段それぞれ、及び
複数の送信系振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段それぞれ
を、次のように構成する。複数の受信系振幅位相制御・
参照信号除去手段それぞれは、送信情報信号及び受信情
報信号の周波帯と同一の周波帯を有する受信系の参照信
号を、受信系制御用局部発振信号に基づいて無線周波帯
の受信信号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換してアレイ・ア
ンテナ部の複数のアンテナ素子それぞれの無線周波帯の
受信信号伝送路に導入し、この導入部分から、対応する
受信機を経由してその受信情報信号の出力端に至るまで
の受信系信号経路における上記受信系の参照信号に対す
る振幅特性及び位相特性を、上記受信系信号経路の受信
情報信号出力端近傍の信号と、上記受信系の参照信号の
その導入部分の信号との間の差の情報に基づいて制御
し、かつこの受信情報信号出力端の信号中の受信系の参
照信号部分を除去することにより、これら複数の受信系
信号経路の間でその振幅特性及び位相特性を互いに等し
くする。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means and a plurality of transmitting system amplitude / phase controlling / reference signal removing means, respectively, as follows. Constitute. Amplitude / phase control of multiple receiving systems
Each of the reference signal removing means sets the reference signal of the reception system having the same frequency band as the frequency band of the transmission information signal and the reception information signal to the same reception signal of the radio frequency band based on the local oscillation signal for controlling the reception system. Converts to a signal in the frequency band and introduces it into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band of each of the multiple antenna elements of the array antenna section, and from this introduction part, outputs the reception information signal via the corresponding receiver The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal of the receiving system in the receiving system signal path up to the end, the signal near the receiving information signal output end of the receiving system signal path, and the introduction portion of the receiving system reference signal by the controlled based on information of the difference between the signals, and to remove the reference signal portion of the reception system in the signal of the received information signal output terminal, its among the plurality of receiving systems signal path To equal the width and phase characteristics.
【００１９】また、複数の送信系振幅位相制御・参照信
号除去手段それぞれは、上記受信系の参照信号との間の
相関係数が十分小さい送信系の参照信号を、複数の送信
機それぞれへの送信情報信号の入力端に、上記受信系の
参照信号と同時に印加し、これら複数の送信機で無線周
波帯の送信信号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換処理して対
応するアンテナ素子に供給し、この対応するアンテナ素
子への送信信号伝送路から、無線周波帯の送信系の参照
信号を導き出して送信系制御用局部発振信号に基づいて
無線周波帯の受信信号と同一の周波帯に変換し、対応す
るアンテナ素子の受信信号伝送路に導入してその受信系
信号経路に供給し、上記送信情報信号の入力端から、上
記アンテナ素子への送信信号伝送路の参照信号導出部分
に至るまでの送信系信号経路における上記送信系の参照
信号に対する振幅特性及び位相特性を、上記送信情報信
号の入力端の信号と上記参照信号導出部分の出力端の信
号との間の差の情報に基づいて制御し、かつ上記受信情
報信号出力端の信号中の送信系の参照信号成分を除去す
ることにより、複数の送信系信号経路の間でその振幅特
性及び位相特性を互いに等しくする。Further, each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means supplies a reference signal of the transmission system having a sufficiently small correlation coefficient with the reference signal of the reception system to each of the plurality of transmitters. It is applied to the input end of the transmission information signal at the same time as the reference signal of the reception system, converted by the transmitters into a signal in the same frequency band as the transmission signal in the radio frequency band, and supplied to the corresponding antenna element. , From the transmission signal transmission line to the corresponding antenna element, derive the reference signal of the transmission system of the radio frequency band and convert it to the same frequency band as the reception signal of the radio frequency band based on the local oscillation signal for transmission system control. , From the input end of the transmission information signal to the reference signal derivation portion of the transmission signal transmission path to the antenna element, by introducing it to the reception signal transmission path of the corresponding antenna element and supplying it to the reception system signal path. Send Amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics for the reference signal of the transmission system in the signal path, based on the information of the difference between the signal at the input end of the transmission information signal and the signal at the output end of the reference signal derivation portion, In addition, by removing the reference signal component of the transmission system from the signal at the output terminal of the reception information signal, the amplitude characteristic of the signal path of a plurality of transmission systems can be improved.
The characteristics and the phase characteristics are equal to each other.
【００２０】このような構成とすることにより、受信系
の参照信号による受信系の振幅、位相制御、及び参照信
号除去と、送信系の参照信号による送信系の振幅、位相
制御、及び参照信号除去と、を同時に行うことができて
全体の振幅、位相制御、参照信号除去に要する時間を短
縮することができ、かつ、無線周波帯の信号の回路等か
ら切換器をなくすことができて、雑音や誤動作の原因を
除去すると同時に、回路を簡素化することができる。With such a configuration, the amplitude, phase control and reference signal removal of the reception system by the reference signal of the reception system and the amplitude and phase control and reference signal removal of the transmission system by the reference signal of the transmission system And can be performed at the same time, the time required for overall amplitude and phase control and reference signal removal can be shortened, and a switch can be eliminated from the radio frequency band signal circuit, etc. The circuit can be simplified while eliminating the cause of the malfunction and the malfunction.
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】次に、本発明の実施例について図面を参照し
て説明する。図１は本発明の一実施例を示す全体のブロ
ック図、図２はその振幅・位相制御送受信部の回路ブロ
ック図である。この実施例が図５乃至図７に示された従
来の多元接続通信装置と相違する点は、複数の振幅・位
相制御送受信部それぞれが、その受信系の振幅位相制御
及び送信系の振幅位相制御を、従来のものは送受同一の
参照信号ＲＦを用いて送受異なる時間帯で行うようにな
っているのに対し、本発明のもの（３０）は、送受の間
で相関係数が十分小さい参照信号を用いてほぼ同時に行
うようになっていて、これらの振幅位相制御に関わる構
成で従来と本発明とで相違する部分は、従来のものが、
参照信号導入部３４ａ及び送信参照信号導出部３５ａそ
れぞれに送受切換用の切換器が１つずつ設けられ、参照
信号除去器３８ａは１つの加算器３８１で送受を共用し
ており、また較正信号発生保持器７０は、１つの較正信
号発生器７１で受信系及び送信系の較正信号ｗを発生
し、受信系、送信系の振幅位相制御を行うために、送受
切換用の切換器Ｓ３〜Ｓ６と保持回路７２，７３とを設
けた構成となっているのに対し、本発明のもの（３０）
は、参照信号導入部３４及び送信参照信号導出部３５に
は切換器はなく、参照信号除去器３８には２つの加算器
３８１，３８２を設けて送受別々に参照信号を除去する
ようにし、また、１つの信号、例えば送信情報信号ＴＸ
１から受信系の参照信号と送信系の参照信号とを作り出
し、かつこれらの間でその相関係数が十分小さくなるよ
うにするための遅延器６０を設け、更に、較正信号発生
保持器７０に代えて、受信系の誤差検出器６１と送信系
の誤差検出器６２とを設けた構成となっている点であ
る。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit thereof. This embodiment is different from the conventional multiple-access communication device shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 in that each of the plurality of amplitude / phase control transmitting / receiving sections has its receiving system amplitude phase control and its transmitting system amplitude phase control. In contrast to the conventional method, the same reference signal RF is used for transmission / reception in different time zones for transmission / reception, whereas the one according to the present invention (30) has a sufficiently small correlation coefficient between transmission and reception. Signals are used almost at the same time, and the difference between the related art and the present invention in the configuration related to the amplitude and phase control is the conventional one.
Each of the reference signal introducing section 34a and the transmission reference signal deriving section 35a is provided with a switch for switching transmission / reception, and the reference signal remover 38a shares transmission / reception with one adder 381 and also generates a calibration signal. The holder 70 generates the calibration signals w for the reception system and the transmission system with one calibration signal generator 71, and performs switching between the transmission / reception switching switches S3 to S6 in order to control the amplitude / phase of the reception system and the transmission system. In contrast to the configuration in which the holding circuits 72 and 73 are provided, the present invention (30)
In the reference signal introducing unit 34 and the transmission reference signal deriving unit 35, there is no switch, and the reference signal removing unit 38 is provided with two adders 381 and 382 to remove the reference signal separately for transmission and reception. One signal, eg the transmission information signal TX
1 is provided with a delay device 60 for generating a reference signal of the receiving system and a reference signal of the transmitting system and making the correlation coefficient between them sufficiently small. Instead, the configuration is such that a receiving system error detector 61 and a transmitting system error detector 62 are provided.
【００２２】この実施例において、遅延器６０は、１つ
の信号が拡散符号１チップ以上の時間差を持つとその自
己相関係数が十分小さくなるという性質を利用して、例
えば送信情報信号ＴＸ１を拡散符号１チップ以上の時間
だけ遅延させ、遅延させたものを受信系の参照信号（ｄ
r)とし、遅延させる前の送信情報信号ＴＸ１を送信系の
参照信号（実際には、送信系の振幅位相制御を行うため
の信号であるので、送信機３２の入力端の信号ｄt)とし
ている。In this embodiment, the delay unit 60 spreads the transmission information signal TX1, for example, by utilizing the property that the autocorrelation coefficient becomes sufficiently small when one signal has a time difference of one chip or more in spreading code. It is delayed by a time of one code or more, and the delayed signal is used as the reference signal (d
r )), and the transmission information signal TX1 before being delayed is used as a reference signal of the transmission system (actually, it is a signal for performing amplitude / phase control of the transmission system, and thus is a signal d t at the input end of the transmitter 32). There is.
【００２３】受信系の参照信号ｄr は、参照信号導入部
３４から導入され、その受信機の出力端における信号
（ｕr)が誤差検出器６１で参照信号ｄr と比較されてこ
れらの間の振幅、位相差が検出され、この検出情報によ
る較正信号ｗr に基づいて、受信側振幅・位相制御器３
７により、参照信号導入部３４・受信機３６間の振幅及
び位相が制御される。受信側振幅・位相制御器３７を通
過した参照信号は、参照信号除去器３８の加算器３８２
により除去され、その出力端から、振幅及び位相が制御
された受信情報信号（ＲＸ１，ＲＸ２）が出力される。The reference signal d r of the receiving system is introduced from the reference signal introducing unit 34, the signal (u r ) at the output end of the receiver is compared with the reference signal d r by the error detector 61, and the reference signal d r And the phase difference between the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 3 is detected based on the calibration signal w r based on the detected information.
7, the amplitude and phase between the reference signal introducing unit 34 and the receiver 36 are controlled. The reference signal that has passed through the reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37 is added by the adder 382 of the reference signal remover 38.
It is removed by, from the output end, the received information signal whose amplitude and phase are controlled <br/> (RX1, RX2) are output.
【００２４】送信系の参照信号は、送信側振幅・位相制
御器３１を通過した後、送信機３２、送受信共用器３
３、無線周波帯信号の伝送線路、送信参照信号導出部３
５を経由して参照信号導入部３４から、受信系に導入さ
れる。そして、誤差検出器６２により、送信機３２の入
力端の信号（送信系の参照信号ｄt)と受信側振幅・位相
制御器３７の出力端の信号ｕt とが比較されてこれらの
間の振幅、位相差が検出され、この検出情報による較正
信号ｗt に基づいて、送信側振幅・位相制御器３１によ
り、送信系及び振幅、位相制御済みの受信系の振幅、位
相の制御、従って、送信系（送信機３２の入力端から送
信参照信号導出部３５の出力端まで）の振幅、位相が制
御される。受信系を通過した送信系の参照信号は、参照
信号除去器３８の加算器３８１に除去される。The reference signal of the transmission system passes through the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31, and then the transmitter 32 and the transmission / reception duplexer 3
3. Radio frequency band signal transmission line, transmission reference signal derivation unit 3
The signal is introduced into the receiving system from the reference signal introducing unit 34 via 5. Then, the error detector 62 compares the signal at the input end of the transmitter 32 (reference signal d t of the transmission system) with the signal u t at the output end of the receiver-side amplitude / phase controller 37, and compares them. The amplitude and the phase difference are detected, and based on the calibration signal w t based on this detection information, the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31 controls the transmission system and the amplitude, the amplitude of the phase-controlled receiving system and the phase, and The amplitude and phase of the transmission system (from the input end of the transmitter 32 to the output end of the transmission reference signal derivation unit 35) are controlled. The reference signal of the transmission system that has passed through the reception system is removed by the adder 381 of the reference signal remover 38.
【００２５】なお、受信系及び送信系の参照信号のレベ
ルは、アンテナ素子１１を経由して送受信が行われる信
号に悪影響を及ぼさないように、減衰器３４４，３５３
によって制御され、また誤差検出器６１，６２には、図
７に示された較正信号発生器７１等が使用される。The levels of the reference signals of the reception system and the transmission system are attenuators 344 and 353 so that they do not adversely affect the signals transmitted and received via the antenna element 11.
The calibration signal generator 71 and the like shown in FIG. 7 are used for the error detectors 61 and 62.
【００２６】このような構成とすることにより、受信系
の参照信号（ｄr)と送信系の参照信号（ｄt)との間の相
関関係は低く、しかも誤差検出器及び参照信号除去用の
加算器が送信系、受信系それぞれに設けられているの
で、受信系の参照信号による受信系の振幅、位相の制
御、及びその参照信号の除去と、送信系の参照信号によ
る送信系の振幅、位相の制御、及びその参照信号の除去
と、をほぼ同時に行うことができて、全体の振幅、位相
の制御、及び参照信号除去に要する時間を短縮すること
ができ、かつ、切換器を無くすことができて、特に無線
周波帯の信号の回路、参照信号導入部３４及び送信参照
信号導出部３５からの切換器の撤去は雑音発生や誤動作
の原因を除去することにつながり、安定な動作を得るこ
とができ、また、保持回路も無くなることを含めて、回
路を簡素化することができる。With this structure, the correlation between the reference signal (d r ) of the receiving system and the reference signal (d t ) of the transmitting system is low, and the error detector and the reference signal are removed. Since the adder is provided in each of the transmission system and the reception system, the amplitude and phase of the reception system are controlled by the reference signal of the reception system, and the reference signal is removed, and the amplitude of the transmission system by the reference signal of the transmission system, The phase control and the removal of the reference signal can be performed almost at the same time, the time required for the overall amplitude and phase control and the reference signal removal can be shortened, and the switching device can be eliminated. In particular, removal of the switch from the circuit for the radio frequency band signal, the reference signal introducing section 34 and the transmission reference signal deriving section 35 leads to elimination of the cause of noise generation and malfunction, and stable operation is obtained. Can also be Including the circuit also eliminated, it is possible to simplify the circuit.
【００２７】ここで、この実施例における、振幅特性及
び位相特性の較正効果を見極めるべく行った、計算機に
よる回路シミュレーションの結果の一例を図３（ａ），
（ｂ）に示す。図３（ａ），（ｂ）において、１／βは
相互相関器７１１及び自己相関器７１２の積分時定数で
あり、μはＬＭＳ演算器７１３のステップサイズパラメ
ータである。受信系に比べて、送信系の方が多少悪いよ
うに見えるが、これは、送信系が、その参照信号が受信
系を経由して較正され、この受信系にわずかながら較正
の不完全さが残るためであり、この点を考慮すると、受
信系、送信系とも同程度と考えられ、また、積分時定数
１／βを十分大きくとれば、どちら共、実用上問題のな
い精度を得ることができる。Here, an example of the result of the circuit simulation by the computer performed in order to determine the calibration effect of the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
It shows in (b). In FIGS. 3A and 3B, 1 / β is the integration time constant of the cross-correlator 711 and the auto-correlator 712, and μ is the step size parameter of the LMS calculator 713. Compared to the receiving system, the transmitting system seems to be a little worse, because the transmitting system has its reference signal calibrated via the receiving system, and this receiving system has a slight imperfect calibration. In consideration of this point, it is considered that the reception system and the transmission system are about the same, and if the integration time constant 1 / β is set to be sufficiently large, in both cases, the accuracy with no practical problem can be obtained. it can.
【００２８】尚、回路規模節減のために、無線周波帯の
信号回路ではない、誤差検出器６１，６２を送信系、受
信系の制御で、部分的に、或いは全体を時分割で使用す
るようにしてもよい。In order to reduce the circuit scale, the error detectors 61 and 62, which are not radio frequency band signal circuits, may be used partially or entirely in time division under the control of the transmission system and the reception system. You may
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、送信系の
参照信号と受信系の参照信号との間の相関係数が十分小
さくなるようにこれら参照信号を作り出し、これら参照
信号を同時に振幅・位相制御送受信部に導入し、振幅・
位相制御送受信部において、送信系及び受信系で別々の
誤差検出器、及び参照信号除去用の加算器を用いて、送
信系及び受信系で同時に振幅、位相制御及び参照信号除
去を行う構成となっているので、送信系及び受信系を含
む全体の振幅、位相制御、及び参照信号除去に要する時
間を短縮することができ、かつ無線周波帯の信号回路等
から切換器を無くすことができて、雑音や回路誤動作等
の不具合の原因を除去することができると同時に、回路
の簡素化をはかることができる、という効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, these reference signals are generated so that the correlation coefficient between the reference signal of the transmission system and the reference signal of the reception system becomes sufficiently small, and these reference signals are simultaneously amplified.・ Introduced in phase control transmitter / receiver,
In the phase control transmission / reception unit, separate error detectors and reference signal removal adders are used for the transmission system and the reception system, and the transmission system and the reception system simultaneously perform amplitude / phase control and reference signal removal. Therefore, the entire amplitude including the transmission system and the reception system, the phase control, and the time required for removing the reference signal can be shortened, and the switching device can be eliminated from the radio frequency band signal circuit, It is possible to eliminate the cause of troubles such as noise and circuit malfunction, and at the same time, it is possible to simplify the circuit.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す全体のブロック図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１に示された実施例における、振幅・位相制
御送受信部の回路ブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit in the embodiment shown in FIG.
【図３】図１及び図２に示された実施例における、振幅
特性及び位相特性に対する較正誤差の回路シミュレーシ
ョン結果を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a circuit simulation result of a calibration error with respect to an amplitude characteristic and a phase characteristic in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
【図４】従来の多元接続通信装置の第１の例を示す全体
のブロック図である。FIG. 4 is an overall block diagram showing a first example of a conventional multiple-access communication device.
【図５】従来の多元接続通信装置の第２の例を示す全体
のブロック図である。FIG. 5 is an overall block diagram showing a second example of a conventional multiple-access communication device.
【図６】図５に示された多元接続通信装置の振幅・位相
制御送受信部の回路ブロック図である。FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram of an amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit of the multiple access communication device shown in FIG.
【図７】図６に示された振幅・位相制御送受信部内の較
正信号発生器の回路ブロック図及びその演算内容を示す
図である。FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram of a calibration signal generator in the amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit shown in FIG. 6 and a diagram showing the contents of calculation thereof.
１０ アレイ・アンテナ部 １１ アンテナ素子 ２０ アンテナ指向性制御部 ２１，２２ 指向性制御素子 ３０，３０ａ 振幅・位相制御送受信部 ３１ 送信側振幅・位相制御器 ３２ 送信機 ３３ 送受信共用器 ３４，３４ａ 参照信号導入部 ３５，３５ａ 送信参照信号導出部 ３６ 受信機 ３７ 受信側振幅・位相制御器 ３８，３８ａ 参照信号除去器 ４０ａ，４０ｂ 局部発振器 ５０ 送受信部 ５１，５１ａ 送信機 ５２，５２ａ 受信機 ５３，５３ａ 送受信共用器 ６０ 遅延器 ６１，６２ 誤差検出器 ７０ 較正信号発生保持器 ７１ 較正信号発生器 ７２，７３ 保持回路 ３４１ 周波数変換器 ３４２ 方向性結合器 ３４３ 加算器 ３４４ 減衰器 ３５１ 周波数変換器 ３５２ 方向性結合器 ３５３ 減衰器 ３８１，３８２ 加算器 ７１１ 相互相関器 ７１２ 自己相関器 ７１３ ＬＭＳ演算器 Ｓ１〜Ｓ６ 切換器 10 Array antenna part 11 Antenna element 20 Antenna directivity controller 21,22 Directional control element 30,30a Amplitude / phase control transceiver 31 Transmitter amplitude / phase controller 32 transmitter 33 Transmitter / receiver 34, 34a Reference signal introducing section 35, 35a Transmission reference signal derivation unit 36 receivers 37 Receiver side amplitude / phase controller 38, 38a Reference signal remover 40a, 40b Local oscillator 50 transceiver 51,51a transmitter 52,52a receiver 53,53a Transmitter / receiver 60 delay device 61,62 Error detector 70 Calibration signal generation holder 71 Calibration signal generator 72, 73 holding circuit 341 Frequency converter 342 directional coupler 343 adder 344 attenuator 351 Frequency Converter 352 directional coupler 353 attenuator 381,382 adder 711 Cross-correlator 712 Autocorrelator 713 LMS calculator S1-S6 switch
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H04B 7/02 - 7/12 H04L 1/02 - 1/06 H01Q 3/00 - 3/46 H01Q 21/00 - 25/04 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H04B 7 /02-7/12 H04L 1/02-1/06 H01Q 3/00-3/46 H01Q 21 / 00-25/04
Claims (3)
能な複数の個別の通信経路それぞれに対し、送信電波の
送信方向、及び送られて来た電波に対する受信方向を設
定して通信を行う多元接続通信装置であって、次の各構
成を有することを特徴とする多元接続通信装置。 （イ）複数のアンテナ素子が配列されて成り、これら複
数のアンテナ素子それぞれに供給された無線周波帯の送
信信号に基づいて、前記複数の個別の通信経路それぞれ
に対し送信指向性を設定して送信電波を放射する一方、
送られて来た電波を前記複数のアンテナ素子それぞれで
受信して無線周波帯の受信信号として出力するアレイ・
アンテナ部 （ロ）前記アレイ・アンテナ部の複数のアンテナ素子そ
れぞれと対応して設けられ、前記複数の個別の通信経路
それぞれの送信情報信号を、前記無線周波帯の送信信号
に変換処理して対応するアンテナ素子に供給する複数の
送信機 （ハ）前記アレイ・アンテナ部の複数のアンテナ素子そ
れぞれと対応して設けられ、対応するアンテナ素子から
の無線周波帯の受信信号を、前記複数の個別の通信経路
それぞれの受信情報信号に変換処理する複数の受信機 （ニ）前記アレイ・アンテナ部の複数のアンテナ素子そ
れぞれに供給される無線周波帯の送信信号の、アンテナ
指向性情報を前記複数の個別の通信経路ごとに制御する
一方、前記アレイ・アンテナ部で受信する電波に対する
指向性を前記複数の個別の通信経路それぞれに対し設
定、制御するアンテナ指向性制御部 （ホ）前記送信情報信号及び受信情報信号の周波帯と同
一の周波帯を有する受信系の参照信号を、受信系制御用
局部発振信号に基づいて前記無線周波帯の受信信号と同
一の周波帯の信号に変換して前記アレイ・アンテナ部の
複数のアンテナ素子それぞれの無線周波帯の受信信号伝
送路に導入し、この導入部分から、対応する受信機を経
由してその受信情報信号の出力端に至るまでの受信系信
号経路における前記受信系の参照信号に対する振幅特性
及び位相特性を、前記受信系信号経路の受信情報信号出
力端近傍の信号と、前記受信系の参照信号のその導入部
分の信号との間の差の情報に基づいて制御し、かつこの
受信情報信号出力端の信号中の受信系の参照信号部分を
除去することにより、これら複数の受信系信号経路の間
でその振幅特性及び位相特性を互いに等しくする複数の
受信系振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段 （へ）前記受信系の参照信号との間の相関係数が十分小
さい送信系の参照信号を、前記複数の送信機それぞれへ
の送信情報信号の入力端に、前記受信系の参照信号と同
時に印加し、これら複数の送信機で無線周波帯の送信信
号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換処理して対応するアンテ
ナ素子に供給し、この対応するアンテナ素子への送信信
号伝送路から、無線周波帯の送信系の参照信号を導き出
して送信系制御用局部発振信号に基づいて無線周波帯の
受信信号と同一の周波帯に変換し、対応するアンテナ素
子の受信信号伝送路に導入してその受信系信号経路に供
給し、前記送信情報信号の入力端から、前記アンテナ素
子への送信信号伝送路の参照信号導出部分に至るまでの
送信系信号経路における前記送信系の参照信号に対する
振幅特性及び位相特性を、前記送信情報信号の入力端の
信号と前記参照信号導出部分の出力端の信号との間の差
の情報に基づいて制御し、かつ前記受信情報信号出力端
の信号中の送信系の参照信号成分を除去することによ
り、複数の送信系信号経路の間でその振幅特性及び位相
特性を互いに等しくする複数の送信系振幅位相制御・参
照信号除去手段 （ト）前記受信系制御用局部発振信号を発生して前記複
数の受信系振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段に供給する
受信系制御用局部発振器、及び前記送信系制御用局部発
振信号を発生して前記複数の送信系振幅位相制御・参照
信号除去手段に供給する送信系制御用局部発振器1. A multi-source communication system, wherein an array antenna is used to set a transmission direction of a transmission radio wave and a reception direction of a transmitted radio wave for each of a plurality of individual communication paths capable of multiple access. A multiple-access communication device having the following configurations. (A) A plurality of antenna elements are arranged, and transmission directivity is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths based on the transmission signal in the radio frequency band supplied to each of the plurality of antenna elements. While transmitting radio waves,
An array that receives the transmitted radio waves with each of the plurality of antenna elements and outputs them as radio frequency band reception signals.
Antenna unit (b) Corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit by converting the transmission information signal of each of the plurality of individual communication paths into the transmission signal of the radio frequency band. A plurality of transmitters (c) provided to correspond to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit, and receive the radio frequency band received signals from the corresponding antenna elements by the plurality of individual antenna elements. A plurality of receivers for converting the received information signals of the respective communication paths (d) The antenna directivity information of the radio frequency band transmission signals supplied to the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, respectively. While controlling for each communication path of, the directivity for the radio waves received by the array antenna unit is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths, Antenna directivity control unit (e) A reference signal of a receiving system having the same frequency band as the frequency band of the transmission information signal and the reception information signal, a radio frequency band of the radio frequency band based on a local oscillation signal for controlling the reception system. Converted to a signal in the same frequency band as the received signal and introduced into the received signal transmission line of the radio frequency band of each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, and from this introduced portion, via the corresponding receiver The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal of the reception system in the reception system signal path up to the output end of the reception information signal are calculated by comparing the signal in the vicinity of the reception information signal output end of the reception system signal path and the reception system These plural receiving systems are controlled by controlling based on the information of the difference between the reference signal and the signal of its introductory part, and by removing the reference signal part of the receiving system in the signal at the output end of the received information signal. Reference correlation coefficient is sufficiently small transmission system between the amplitude and phase characteristics (to) each other equally plurality of receiving systems amplitude phase control, the reference signal removing means reference signal of the reception system between the No. pathway A signal is applied to the input ends of the transmission information signals to each of the plurality of transmitters at the same time as the reference signal of the reception system, and a signal in the same frequency band as the transmission signal of the radio frequency band is generated by the plurality of transmitters. The signal is converted and supplied to the corresponding antenna element, the reference signal of the transmission system of the radio frequency band is derived from the transmission signal transmission line to this corresponding antenna element, and the radio frequency band is generated based on the local oscillation signal for transmission system control. Of the received signal is converted into the same frequency band as the received signal, introduced into the received signal transmission line of the corresponding antenna element and supplied to the reception system signal path, and the transmission signal from the input end of the transmission information signal to the antenna element. Transmission line The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal of the transmission system in the transmission system signal path up to the reference signal derivation part of the signal at the input end of the transmission information signal and the signal at the output end of the reference signal derivation part. By controlling based on the information of the difference between them, and by removing the reference signal component of the transmission system in the signal at the output terminal of the reception information signal, the amplitude characteristic and phase between the transmission system signal paths
A plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removal means (g) for making the characteristics equal to each other (g) A reception system for generating the reception system control local oscillation signal and supplying it to the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removal means Control local oscillator, and transmission system control local oscillator for generating the transmission system control local oscillation signal and supplying it to the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means
号除去手段それぞれで用いられる受信系の参照信号が、
対応する送信機に入力される送信情報信号を予め定めら
れた時間だけ遅延させた信号であり、前記複数の送信系
振幅位相制御・参照信号除去手段で用いられる送信系の
参照信号が、前記送信情報信号そのものである請求項１
記載の多元接続通信装置。2. The reception system reference signals used in each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means,
The transmission information signal input to the corresponding transmitter is a signal delayed by a predetermined time, and the reference signal of the transmission system used by the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means is the transmission signal. The information signal itself is claim 1.
The multiple access communication device described.
号除去手段それぞれが、前記受信系の参照信号を無線周
波帯の受信信号と同一の周波帯の信号に変換して対応す
るアンテナ素子の無線周波帯の受信信号伝送路に導入す
る参照信号導入部と、対応する受信系信号経路の信号に
対し受信系の誤差信号に基づいて振幅特性及び位相特性
を制御する受信側振幅・位相制御部と、対応する受信情
報信号出力端近傍の信号に対し、前記受信系の参照信号
を、その入力端から導いて減算し、この信号中の受信系
の参照信号成分を除去する受信系の参照信号除去部と、
前記受信系信号経路の受信情報信号出力端近傍の信号と
前記受信系の参照信号のその導入部分の信号との間の差
を検出して前記受信系の誤差信号として出力する受信系
の誤差検出部とを含んで成り、前記複数の送信系振幅位
相制御・参照信号除去手段それぞれが、対応するアンテ
ナ素子への送信信号伝送路から無線周波帯の、送信系の
参照信号を導き出して無線周波帯の受信信号と同一の周
波帯の信号に変換し、前記参照信号導入部を通して対応
するアンテナ素子からの受信信号伝送路に導入する参照
信号導出・導入部と、対応する送信系信号経路の信号に
対し送信系の誤差信号に基づいて振幅特性及び位相特性
を制御する送信側振幅・位相制御部と、対応する受信系
信号経路の受信情報信号出力端近傍の信号に対し、前記
送信系の参照信号を、その入力端から導いて減算し、こ
の信号中の送信系の参照信号成分を除去する送信系の参
照信号除去部と、前記送信情報信号の入力端の信号と前
記参照信号導出部分の出力端の信号との間の差を検出し
て前記送信系の誤差信号として出力する送信系の誤差検
出部とを含んで成る請求項１記載の多元接続通信装置。3. Each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means converts the reference signal of the reception system into a signal in the same frequency band as a reception signal in a radio frequency band, and the corresponding antenna element of the corresponding antenna element. A reference signal introduction unit to be introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band, and a reception side amplitude / phase control unit to control the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the error signal of the reception system with respect to the signal of the corresponding reception system signal path. And a reference signal of the receiving system for removing the reference signal component of the receiving system from the input end of the reference signal of the receiving system with respect to the signal in the vicinity of the corresponding receiving information signal output end, A removal section,
Error detection in the receiving system that detects the difference between the signal near the output end of the received information signal in the receiving system signal path and the signal at the introductory portion of the reference signal in the receiving system and outputs it as an error signal in the receiving system Each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means is configured to derive a reference signal of a transmission system in a radio frequency band from a transmission signal transmission path to a corresponding antenna element, Of the reference signal deriving / introducing section for converting into a signal in the same frequency band as the received signal of the above and introducing it into the received signal transmission path from the corresponding antenna element through the reference signal introducing section, and the signal of the corresponding transmission system signal path. On the other hand, a transmission side amplitude / phase control unit that controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the error signal of the transmission system, and the reference signal of the transmission system with respect to the signal in the vicinity of the reception information signal output end of the corresponding reception system signal path. , A reference signal removing unit of a transmission system for removing the reference signal component of the transmission system in this signal by deducting from the input end, a signal at the input end of the transmission information signal and an output end of the reference signal derivation unit 2. The multiple access communication device according to claim 1, further comprising: an error detection unit of a transmission system that detects a difference between the signal and the error signal and outputs the error as an error signal of the transmission system.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000271037A JP3450285B2 (en) | 2000-09-07 | 2000-09-07 | Multiple access communication device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000271037A JP3450285B2 (en) | 2000-09-07 | 2000-09-07 | Multiple access communication device |
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| JP3450285B2 true JP3450285B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 |
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| JP3679075B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2005-08-03 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Radio transmission apparatus and radio transmission method |
| JP5170739B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2013-03-27 | 日本無線株式会社 | Time division duplex transmitter / receiver with correction means |
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