JP3441402B2 - Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber - Google Patents
Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JP3441402B2 JP3441402B2 JP17241299A JP17241299A JP3441402B2 JP 3441402 B2 JP3441402 B2 JP 3441402B2 JP 17241299 A JP17241299 A JP 17241299A JP 17241299 A JP17241299 A JP 17241299A JP 3441402 B2 JP3441402 B2 JP 3441402B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- polylactic acid
- fibers
- acid fiber
- yarn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は生分解性繊維と天然
繊維から構成した混紡糸に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a blended yarn composed of biodegradable fibers and natural fibers.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、多くの化学繊維・合成繊維が生産
され、天然繊維と共にそれぞれの繊維特性に合わせて種
々の分野に使用されてきたが、その繊維特性は特定の用
途においては所望の要件を充足しておらず、これらの繊
維を混紡・混繊、あるいは交撚・交織し、新たな特性を
付与して、それらの用途に応じてきた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many chemical fibers and synthetic fibers have been produced and used together with natural fibers in various fields according to their respective fiber characteristics. However, the fiber characteristics are desired requirements for specific applications. However, these fibers have been blended and mixed, or mixed and twisted and woven to impart new properties to meet their applications.
【０００３】綿，絹（絹紡用）、羊毛の如き天然繊維
と、合成繊維のカットファイバーやフィラメントを紡績
過程中で混ぜ合わせ、加撚して混紡糸を製造する手段も
またその一例であり、その製造方法も既に各種のものが
知られている。An example is a means for producing a blended yarn by mixing natural fibers such as cotton, silk (for silk spinning), and wool with cut fibers and filaments of synthetic fibers in the spinning process and twisting them. Various manufacturing methods are already known.
【０００４】ところが、近年環境保護の立場から各種の
家庭用繊維製品、特に衣料品の再利用が叫ばれると共
に、再利用不可能な製品では微生物の働きによって完全
に分解する生分解性素材の利用や、焼却時に大気汚染の
少ない素材の利用が社会的に要望されている。In recent years, however, from the standpoint of environmental protection, the reuse of various household textile products, especially clothing, has been called for, and the use of biodegradable materials that are completely decomposed by the action of microorganisms in products that cannot be reused. In addition, there is a social demand for the use of materials with low air pollution when incinerated.
【０００５】この様なことをさらに具体的に説明する
と、一般に、再利用不可能な繊維製品の廃棄方法として
は埋め立てや焼却処分が利用される。混紡用素材のう
ち、天然繊維は、自然環境下、土中等の微生物により徐
々に分解して最終的には消失する。また焼却も容易であ
るので、使用後の放置や焼却においても大気汚染や環境
破壊の心配はない。To explain this in more detail, in general, landfilling or incineration is used as a method for discarding non-reusable textile products. Among the materials for blending, natural fibers are gradually decomposed by microorganisms such as soil under the natural environment and eventually disappear. Also, since it is easy to incinerate, there is no concern about air pollution or environmental destruction even when left unused or incinerated.
【０００６】しかし、従来使用されている混紡用合繊素
材であるナイロン，ポリエステル，アクリル等の繊維は
微生物で分解されず、またこの様な素材は化学的にも安
定しているので合繊綿の部分が長期間にわたって土中に
そのままいつまでも残り、その結果環境上の問題を引き
起こしている。さらに、これらの合繊綿部分を焼却処理
した際は、燃焼時の発熱量が高いため焼却炉の寿命を短
くするばかりでなく、ポリアクリロニトリル系合繊素材
の場合にはシアンガスの様な有害ガスを発生する恐れも
ある。However, fibers such as nylon, polyester, and acrylic, which are conventionally used synthetic fiber materials for blending, are not decomposed by microorganisms, and since such materials are chemically stable, they are synthetic fiber parts. Remain in the soil for long periods of time, resulting in environmental problems. Furthermore, when these synthetic cotton parts are incinerated, the calorific value during combustion is high, which not only shortens the life of the incinerator but also generates harmful gas such as cyan gas in the case of polyacrylonitrile-based synthetic fiber material. There is also a risk of doing it.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この様に、現在使用さ
れている混紡糸において構成素材の一方に合繊素材を使
用した場合は、使用後の破棄処分時に環境保護上の各種
の支障を生じている。As described above, when a synthetic fiber material is used as one of the constituent materials in the currently used blended yarn, various environmental obstacles occur at the time of disposal after use. There is.
【０００８】本発明は従来の混紡糸が有する上記問題点
を解消し、含有する合繊素材が本来保有する性能を損な
わず、しかも廃棄時には土中や活性汚泥中、コンポスト
中にて比較的短時間のうちに分解し、また焼却時には有
害ガスを発生させず、さらには燃焼熱がセルロース並に
低く高温ガスの発生を抑制することのできる新規な混紡
糸を提供しようとするものである。The present invention solves the above problems of conventional blended yarns, does not impair the inherent performance of the contained synthetic fiber material, and is relatively short in the soil, activated sludge or compost at the time of disposal. The present invention intends to provide a novel blended yarn which decomposes in time, does not generate a harmful gas upon incineration, and has a combustion heat as low as that of cellulose and can suppress generation of a high temperature gas.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明は次の構成を備えている。すなわち、第一番
目の発明は、生分解性繊維と、綿，絹，羊毛等の天然繊
維からなる混紡糸であって、生分解性繊維として引張強
度２．０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光学純度
９８％以上のポリ乳酸繊維のステープル・ファイバーを
用いたことを特徴とする構成であり、また第二番目の発
明は、生分解性繊維と、綿，絹，羊毛等の天然繊維から
なる混紡糸であって、生分解性繊維として引張強度２．
０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光学純度９８％
以上のポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを用いたことを特徴と
する構成である。そして、第三番目の発明は、上記第一
番目及び第二番目の発明において、ポリ乳酸繊維の混合
率を２０重量％以上、８０重量％未満としたことを特徴
とする構成である。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration. That is, the first invention is a blended yarn composed of biodegradable fibers and natural fibers such as cotton, silk and wool, wherein the biodegradable fibers have a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more and a breaking elongation of 100. % or less, a configuration characterized by using the staple fiber of the optical purity of 9 8% or more polylactic acid fibers, also the second th invention, a biodegradable fiber, cotton, silk, wool, etc. 1. A blended yarn composed of natural fibers, which has a tensile strength as a biodegradable fiber.
0 g / d or more, elongation at break of 100% or less, the optical purity of 9 8%
This is a constitution characterized by using the above polylactic acid fiber filament. A third aspect of the invention is the configuration according to the first and second aspects of the invention, characterized in that the mixing ratio of the polylactic acid fiber is 20% by weight or more and less than 80% by weight.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】糸として使用可能な生分解性繊維
としては、本出願人が先に特開平７−３０５２２７号公
報等で開示したポリヒドロキシブチレート（以下ＰＨＢ
と記す）、ポリカプロラクトン（以下ＰＣＬと記す）、
ボリ乳酸等の溶融形成可能なポリマーから得られた繊維
が挙げられる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As a biodegradable fiber which can be used as a yarn, the polyhydroxybutyrate (hereinafter referred to as PHB) disclosed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-305227 has been disclosed.
, Polycaprolactone (hereinafter referred to as PCL),
Fibers obtained from melt-formable polymers such as polylactic acid are mentioned.
【００１１】前記ＰＨＢは、同公報記載の通り、製造コ
ストが高過ぎるだけでなく、微生物による生合成のため
にポリマーの採取や精製に多大のエネルギーを要し、且
つ分子量や結晶性を制御することが困難なために成型の
困難さや成型品の物性制御上に難点があり、工業的に安
価に用途に応じた性能、成型性を与えることが難しい。
又、ＰＣＬは融点が６０℃と低すぎるために使用中のク
リープが大きく、製品の形態安定性の維持に欠けたり使
用温度により強度が極端に低下する等事実上重大な問題
点を有している。As described in the above publication, the PHB not only has an excessively high production cost but also requires a large amount of energy for collecting and purifying the polymer for biosynthesis by a microorganism, and controls the molecular weight and crystallinity. Therefore, there are difficulties in molding and control of the physical properties of the molded product, and it is difficult to industrially inexpensively provide performance and moldability according to the application.
In addition, since PCL has a melting point of too low as 60 ° C., it has a large amount of creep during use, and it has practically serious problems such as lack of maintaining the morphological stability of the product and extreme decrease in strength depending on the operating temperature. There is.
【００１２】これに対して、ポリ乳酸は比較的コストが
安く、融点も１７８℃で十分な耐熱性を有する熱可塑性
樹脂であり、前述の如く、溶融成型可能で且つ製造上も
比較的低コストであるので、本発明の生分解性繊維用と
して最も適切なポリマーである。On the other hand, polylactic acid is a relatively low cost, thermoplastic resin having a melting point of 178 ° C. and sufficient heat resistance, and as described above, it can be melt-molded and is relatively low in manufacturing cost. Therefore, it is the most suitable polymer for the biodegradable fiber of the present invention.
【００１３】本発明に使用するポリ乳酸の光学純度（以
下、ＯＰと略称する）は、９８％以上である。ＯＰが９
８％に至らないとポリマーの結晶性が低く、又結晶化速
度も遅いために、繊維製造の際に糸切れが生じやすく操
業性の低下や得られた繊維の結晶性を低下させるために
繊維の強度が低く、熱安定性がなく、又染色性の変化等
の製造工程での問題や使用時の問題がある。又織編地の
製造に必須である熟セット性が不良となり、押込加熟ギ
ア法による加工糸等ができない等の問題がある。[0013] The optical purity of the polylactic acid used in the present invention (hereinafter, abbreviated as OP) is 9 8% or more. OP is 9
If it does not reach 8 %, the crystallinity of the polymer is low and the crystallization speed is slow, so that yarn breakage is likely to occur during fiber production, and the operability is lowered and the crystallinity of the obtained fiber is lowered. Has a low strength, does not have thermal stability, and has a problem in the manufacturing process such as a change in dyeability and a problem in use. Further, there is a problem that the mature setting property, which is indispensable for the production of the woven or knitted fabric, becomes poor, and the processed yarn or the like by the push-in aging gear method cannot be performed.
【００１４】ＯＰが９０％以土では、結晶が良好で上述
の問題が少ない。特にＯＰが９８％以上では繊維の結晶
性に特に優れ、繊維製造時の問題も少なく、且つ得られ
た繊維の強度や耐熟性及び熱セット性も極めて良好であ
る。When the OP is 90% or more, the crystals are good and the above problems are small. Particularly when the OP is 98% or more, the crystallinity of the fiber is particularly excellent, there are few problems during fiber production, and the strength, maturation resistance and heat setting property of the obtained fiber are extremely good.
【００１５】一般にボリ乳酸は光学異性体となるＬ−
体、Ｄ−体乳酸の混合したポリマー（広い意味での共重
合物）であり、それらの比率でポリ乳酸の光学純度が決
まる。自然界の生物の体は殆どＬ−体化合物からなり、
従ってＬ−体よりなるポリマーや化合物を分解する酵素
は豊富に存在している。しかし、Ｄ−体は自然界には殆
ど存在せず、Ｄ−体を多く含むボリマーや化合物は自然
界で分解されにくい。従って、本発明のボリ乳酸繊維も
Ｌ−乳酸の含有率が高いポリＬ−乳酸の方が好ましい。Generally, polylactic acid is an optical isomer of L-
It is a polymer (copolymer in a broad sense) in which the body and D-form lactic acid are mixed, and the optical purity of polylactic acid is determined by their ratio. The body of natural organisms consists mostly of L-compounds,
Therefore, there are abundant enzymes that decompose L-form polymers and compounds. However, the D-form rarely exists in nature, and a polymer or compound containing a large amount of D-form is difficult to decompose in nature. Therefore, the polylactic acid fiber of the present invention is also preferably poly-L-lactic acid having a high L-lactic acid content.
【００１６】従って、ポリ乳酸繊維の組成ではＤ−体の
比率が増加するに従い、生分解性が低下していく。こう
いった意味でも、ＯＰは高い方が好ましい。Therefore, in the composition of polylactic acid fiber, the biodegradability decreases as the proportion of D-form increases. In this sense, the higher OP is preferable.
【００１７】ポリ乳酸繊維は、ポリ乳酸を溶融紡糸や溶
液紡糸して製造するが、溶融紡糸が生産効率や製品の多
様性、製造における環境へ及ぼす負荷が小さいという点
で好ましい。The polylactic acid fiber is produced by melt spinning or solution spinning of polylactic acid, and it is preferable in that the melt spinning has a small effect on production efficiency, variety of products, and environment in production.
【００１８】溶融紡糸は、ポリ乳酸樹脂を融点以上に加
熱・溶融させ、微小な孔を有する紡糸口金から空中に吐
出・冷却させ繊維とする。吐出・冷却した繊維は、次の
工程へ行く為に、巻き取られるが、長繊維では、その巻
き取り速度は、コンベンショナル紡糸と呼ばれる巻き取
り速度略２，０００ｍ／分以下の方法、ＰＯＹ（Partia
lly 0riented Yarn）法と呼ばれる巻き取り速度略５，
５００ｍ／分以下の方法、ＨＯＹ（Highly 0riented Ya
rn）法と呼ばれる巻き取り速度略５，５００ｍ／分以上
の方法、或いは紡糸後同じ装置にて直ちに延伸を行うＳ
ＰＤ（Spin Draw）法等が採用できる。又、短繊維で
は、長繊維に比べて圧倒的に多数のノズルから押し出す
為に、巻き取り速度は長繊維より遅くなるのがふつうで
あり、通常２，０００ｍ／分以下にて行われる。特に、
１，５００ｍ／以下で行われるのが最も一般的なことで
ある。In the melt spinning, a polylactic acid resin is heated and melted to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, discharged from the spinneret having fine holes and cooled in the air to form fibers. The discharged and cooled fiber is wound to go to the next step, but for long fiber, the winding speed is a method called a conventional spinning, which has a winding speed of about 2,000 m / min or less, POY (Partia
lly 0riented Yarn) method
Method less than 500m / min, HOY (Highly 0riented Ya)
rn) method with a winding speed of about 5,500 m / min or more, or immediately after spinning using the same device S
The PD (Spin Draw) method or the like can be adopted. Further, since short fibers are overwhelmingly extruded from a large number of nozzles as compared with long fibers, the winding speed is usually slower than that of long fibers, and it is usually 2,000 m / min or less. In particular,
Most commonly done at 1,500 m / s or less.
【００１９】尚、前記過程の延伸倍率は紡糸速度と目的
とするステーブル・ファイバーの要求性能により異なる
が、２．０ｇ／ｄ以上の引張強度と１００％以下の切断
伸虔とを有する繊維が得られるように設定する必要があ
る。引張強度が２．０ｇ／ｄ未満であると加工工程でト
ラブルが発生し、又最終製品の強度不足で実用上トラブ
ルが発生したりして好ましくない。又切断伸度が１００
％を越えると梳綿作用が不良となり実用に供することが
困難となる。Although the draw ratio in the above process varies depending on the spinning speed and the required performance of the desired stable fiber, a fiber having a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more and a cutting and elongation of 100% or less is used. Must be set to obtain. If the tensile strength is less than 2.0 g / d, problems may occur during the working process, and the strength of the final product may be insufficient, which may cause problems in practice. The cutting elongation is 100
If it exceeds%, the carding effect becomes poor and it becomes difficult to put it to practical use.
【００２０】ポリ乳酸繊維と混紡する天然繊維として
は、綿繊維、絹紡用の絹繊維、羊毛繊維等を用いる。前
記綿、絹、羊毛の各繊維は夫々固有の繊度と繊維長を備
えるステープル・ファイバーからなっており、これらの
各繊維と混紡するポリ乳酸繊維は、前記の長繊維にあっ
ては溶融紡糸し次いで延伸した後、これを機械的に所定
長に切断したステープル・ファイバーの形で用いる。又
直接短繊維に形成したポリ乳酸繊維においては、これを
カット後又はそのまま混紡に用いる。As the natural fiber mixed with the polylactic acid fiber, cotton fiber, silk fiber for silk spinning, wool fiber and the like are used. Each of the fibers of cotton, silk, and wool consists of staple fibers having a unique fineness and fiber length, and the polylactic acid fiber mixed with each of these fibers is melt-spun in the case of the long fibers. It is then stretched and then used in the form of staple fibers which are mechanically cut to length. Further, in the case of polylactic acid fiber directly formed into short fibers, this is used after being cut or as it is for mixed spinning.
【００２１】一般に異種の繊維を混紡する際、得られる
混紡糸の均斉度を高くしたい場合は、繊度及び繊維長を
混紡相手に最も近いものにすることが最適とされる。例
えば、綿繊維を混紡対象とする場合、ポリエステルステ
ープルは従来、繊度１．０〜１．５ｄ、繊維長３０〜５
０ｍｍの範囲のものを多用しており、本発明のポリ乳酸
繊維においても、この様な目的の際は、繊度を１．０〜
１．５ｄ、繊維長を３０〜５０ｍｍとするのが好適であ
る。同様に、羊毛とポリ乳酸繊維の両者を用いた梳毛紡
績の場合、ポリ乳酸繊維の繊度は１．０〜３．０ｄ、繊
維長は７０〜９０ｍｍとするのが好適であり、又紡毛紡
績の場合、ポリ乳酸繊維の繊度は３．０〜７．０ｄ、繊
維長は３０〜５０ｍｍとするのが好適である。In general, when different kinds of fibers are mixed, it is optimal that the fineness and the fiber length be the closest to those of the mixed spinning, if the uniformity of the obtained mixed yarn is desired to be high. For example, when cotton fibers are to be blended, polyester staples have conventionally had a fineness of 1.0 to 1.5 d and a fiber length of 30 to 5
In the polylactic acid fiber of the present invention, the fineness of 1.0 to 10 mm is frequently used for such purpose.
It is preferable that the fiber length is 1.5 d and the fiber length is 30 to 50 mm. Similarly, in the case of worsted spinning using both wool and polylactic acid fiber, it is preferable that the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber is 1.0 to 3.0 d and the fiber length is 70 to 90 mm. In this case, the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber is preferably 3.0 to 7.0 d, and the fiber length is preferably 30 to 50 mm.
【００２２】又ポリ乳酸繊維の繊度設定と共に、その収
縮率（例えば熱収縮率）を適宜設定することにより得ら
れる混紡糸の膨らみを加減することが出来る。例えば、
太繊度の繊維の収縮率を大きくし細繊度の繊維の収縮率
を低く設定することにより混紡糸の膨らみを太きくする
ことが出来る。Further, the swelling of the blended yarn obtained by appropriately setting the shrinkage ratio (for example, heat shrinkage ratio) together with setting the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber can be adjusted. For example,
The bulge of the blended yarn can be thickened by increasing the shrinkage ratio of the fibers of large fineness and setting the shrinkage ratio of the fibers of fineness to be low.
【００２３】本発明の混紡糸に用いるポリ乳酸繊維は、
通常の○断面繊維や扁平断面繊維、△断面繊維、中空断
面繊維（○、△）、Ｕ字断面繊維等の非円形断面繊維
等、いずれの繊維断面も使用できる。着用感等を考慮す
ると単純な○断面繊維よりも、扁平断面繊維、△断面繊
維やＵ断面繊維等の異形断面繊維を混合したものが好ま
しい。風合いやふくらみ感等の改善の為には、異形断面
繊維をポリ乳酸繊維中に重量比１０％程度以上、好まし
くは２０％以上、更に好ましくは３０％以上混合する。
又、ボリ乳酸繊維は紡糸延伸後、所定長に切断されたス
トレート繊維に限らず、スタッフイング法、押込加熱ギ
ヤ法又は高速エアー噴射押込法等により捲縮を付与した
後、２０〜１００ｍｍの長さに切断したカットファイバ
ーも使用し得る。The polylactic acid fiber used in the blended yarn of the present invention is
Any fiber cross section can be used, such as ordinary O cross section fiber, flat cross section fiber, Δ cross section fiber, hollow cross section fiber (○, Δ), and non-circular cross section fiber such as U-shaped cross section fiber. In consideration of wearing feeling and the like, a mixture of flat cross-section fibers, modified cross-section fibers such as Δ cross-section fibers and U cross-section fibers is preferable to simple cross-section fibers. In order to improve the texture and the feeling of swelling, the modified cross-section fiber is mixed in the polylactic acid fiber at a weight ratio of about 10% or more, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more.
In addition, the polylactic acid fiber is not limited to the straight fiber cut into a predetermined length after the spinning and drawing, and after being crimped by the stuffing method, the indentation heating gear method, the high-speed air jet indentation method, etc., the length of 20 to 100 mm Cut fibers cut into pieces can also be used.
【００２４】前記構成からなるポリ乳酸繊維と天然繊維
とは一連の紡績工程中で混ぜ合わせる。混綿方式として
は、梳綿過程以前の原綿状態で混綿する原綿方式と、両
繊維を夫々個別の梳綿機に仕掛けた後、スライバー状態
で混綿するスライバー方式と、両繊維を夫々個別の粗糸
に形成した後、精紡機で両者を複合する粗糸方式等が考
えられる。綿紡績、梳毛紡績においては均斉度の点から
スライバー状態で混ぜ合わせることが好ましく、紡毛紡
績の場合は、原毛の状態で混ぜ合わせることか好まし
い。The polylactic acid fiber having the above-mentioned structure and the natural fiber are mixed in a series of spinning steps. As for the cotton blending method, the raw cotton method in which the raw cotton state before the carding process is blended, the sliver method in which both fibers are individually blended in a carding machine, and then the two fibers are blended in the sliver state are used. It is possible to use a roving method in which the two are combined with a spinning machine after being formed into a composite. In the cotton spinning and the worsted spinning, it is preferable to mix them in a sliver state from the viewpoint of uniformity, and in the case of woolen spinning, it is preferable to mix them in a raw wool state.
【００２５】前述の通り、一般に混紡糸は構成する夫々
の繊維の長所と短所を補って新たな繊維特性を得ようと
するものであるが、一つの繊維の特色をそれを含む混紡
糸に付与するためにはその繊維を少なくとも２０％（重
量比）入れる必要がある。従ってポリ乳酸繊維と天然繊
維の混紡においては、いずれかの混紡量が２０％（重量
比）末満となると、他方の繊維の特徴に埋没させること
となるので、本発明においても、ポリ乳酸繊維の混合率
を２０％以上８０％未満（いずれも重量比）にすること
が好ましい。As described above, a blended yarn generally seeks to obtain new fiber characteristics by compensating the advantages and disadvantages of each of the constituent fibers. However, the characteristic of one fiber is imparted to a blended yarn containing it. In order to do so, it is necessary to add at least 20% (by weight) of the fiber. Therefore, in the case of blended spinning of polylactic acid fiber and natural fiber, when the blended amount of either one reaches 20% (weight ratio), it will be buried in the characteristics of the other fiber. It is preferable that the mixing ratio of 20% or more and less than 80% (all are weight ratios).
【００２６】上記の如く構成された本発明のポリ乳酸繊
維と天然繊維は、公知の綿糸紡績工程（１インチ紡）、
梳毛紡績工程（２，２．５，３インチ紡）、紡毛紡績工
程、或いは絹糸紡績工程等の何れかを経由し、該工程中
の所定部で両繊維が混ぜ合わされ、混紡された紡績糸と
なって精紡機より送り出される。かかる本発明の紡績糸
は、単糸のまま、又は撚糸されて、製織，製編の上、種
々の用途に使用される。The polylactic acid fiber and the natural fiber of the present invention configured as described above are produced by a known cotton yarn spinning process (1 inch spinning),
Through a worsted spinning process (2, 2.5, 3 inch spinning), a woolen spinning process, a silk yarn spinning process, or the like, both fibers are mixed at a predetermined portion in the process, and a spun yarn is obtained. And sent out from the spinning machine. The spun yarn of the present invention is used for various purposes after weaving or knitting as it is or as a single yarn.
【００２７】以上、ポリ乳酸繊維を所定長に切断してス
テープル・ファイバーの形態とし、天然繊維と混紡する
実施形態を詳述したが、第二の発明の如く、ポリ乳酸繊
維を切断せず、フィラメントの状態で天然繊維と複合紡
績糸を製造することも可能である。As described above, the embodiment in which the polylactic acid fiber is cut into a predetermined length to form the staple fiber and is mixed with the natural fiber is described in detail. However, unlike the second invention, the polylactic acid fiber is not cut, It is also possible to produce natural fiber and composite spun yarn in the form of filaments.
【００２８】具体的には、精紡工程において、（１）紡
績装置のドラフトパートに供給され、フロントローラを
出た直後の天然繊維の粗糸を開繊状態にしておき、この
上にドラフトパートに供給せず、フロントローラのみを
通過せしめたポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント糸を重ね合わせ
て合撚する方法によって得られるコアヤーンタイプ、
（２）紡績装置のドラフトパートに供給され、フロント
ローラを出た直後の天然繊維の粗糸を両側に配置させ、
ドラフトパートに供給せず、フロントローラのみを通過
せしめたポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント糸を中央に配置し、
合撚して得られるサイロフィルタイプ、（３）また、天
然繊維紡績糸とポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントとを合撚して
得られるカバーリングタイプ，撚糸タイプ等が例示され
る。なお、上記の「サイロフィル」は、Wool Developme
nt International Limited社の登録商標である。Specifically, in the spinning process, (1) the roving of natural fibers, which is supplied to the draft part of the spinning device and immediately after exiting the front roller, is left in an opened state, and the draft part is placed on the roving. Core yarn type obtained by a method of stacking and twisting polylactic acid fiber filament yarns that have passed through only the front roller without being supplied to
(2) The roving yarn of the natural fiber which is supplied to the draft part of the spinning device and immediately after exiting the front roller is arranged on both sides,
Place the polylactic acid fiber filament yarn that has passed through the front roller only in the center without supplying it to the draft part,
Examples thereof include a silofil type obtained by ply twisting, (3) a cover ring type and a twisted yarn type obtained by ply twisting a natural fiber spun yarn and a polylactic acid fiber filament. In addition, the above "Silofill" is Wool Developme
nt International Limited is a registered trademark.
【００２９】本発明の紡績糸を用いた織編物の使用後の
廃棄は、埋立処理の場合はポリ乳酸繊維と天然繊維の両
者が共に生分解性に優れているので自然消滅することが
可能であり、又焼却処理の際はポリ乳酸繊維の燃焼熱が
３，４００〜３，５００ｃａｌ／ｇと新聞紙と同程度で
あり、天然繊維も動植物製で比較的低温燃焼が可能であ
るので、炉を傷めず有毒ガスを発生する事もなく簡単に
焼却処分が出来る。いずれの方法をとっても環境破壊を
生ずることなく容易に実施出来る。The waste of the woven or knitted fabric using the spun yarn of the present invention after use can be naturally eliminated in the case of landfill treatment because both the polylactic acid fiber and the natural fiber are excellent in biodegradability. When burning, the heat of combustion of polylactic acid fiber is 3,400 to 3,500 cal / g, which is about the same as that of newsprint, and natural fiber is also made of animals and plants and can be burned at a relatively low temperature. It can be incinerated easily without damaging it and generating no toxic gas. Either method can be easily implemented without causing environmental damage.
【００３０】[0030]
【実施例】以下実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明
する。尚、本実施例において「％」とあるのはことわり
のない限り「重量％」を意味する。相対粘度：ηｒｅｌ
は、フェトル／テトラクロロエタン＝６／４（重二比）
の混合溶剤中２０℃で常法により求めた。融点（Ｔｍ）
は理学電気社製示差走査計（以下ＤＳＣと記す）の吸熱
ビークのビーク値より求めた。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. In this example, “%” means “% by weight” unless otherwise specified. Relative viscosity: ηrel
Is fettle / tetrachloroethane = 6/4 (heavy weight ratio)
It was determined by a conventional method at 20 ° C. in the mixed solvent of. Melting point (Tm)
Was determined from the beak value of endothermic beak of a differential scanning meter (hereinafter referred to as DSC) manufactured by Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd.
【００３１】Ｌ−乳酸の含有率が９９．４％、ηｒｅｌ
（相対粘度）＝３．１、重量平均分子量が１２０，００
０、融点が１７５℃である生分解性組成物のボリ乳酸を
２３０℃で溶融し、孔径０．２ｍｍ、孔数４８個を有す
る紡糸ノズルより空中に押し出し、公知の方式にて紡糸
をして１．５ｄのポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを得た後、
該ポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを３８ｍｍの繊維長に切断
してポリ乳酸繊維ステーブル・ファイバーを得た。該ス
テーブル・ファイバーの強度は４．０ｇ／ｄ、伸度は３
５％、弾性率は５２０ｋｇ／ｍｍ2であった。L-lactic acid content is 99.4%, ηrel
(Relative viscosity) = 3.1, weight average molecular weight is 120,000
0, a biodegradable composition having a melting point of 175 ° C. was melted at 230 ° C., extruded into the air from a spinning nozzle having a hole diameter of 0.2 mm and 48 holes, and spun by a known method. After obtaining 1.5d polylactic acid fiber filament,
The polylactic acid fiber filament was cut into a fiber length of 38 mm to obtain a polylactic acid fiber stable fiber. The stable fiber has a strength of 4.0 g / d and an elongation of 3
The elastic modulus was 5% and the elastic modulus was 520 kg / mm 2 .
【００３２】上記ポリ乳酸繊維ステープル・ファイバー
のみからなる梳綿機揚りのスライバーと、これと単位長
さ当り同重量の綿繊維のみからなる梳綿機揚りのスライ
バーを、同時に、同一練条機に供給してスライバー混合
し、ポリ乳酸繊維の含有率５０％の混紡スライバーとな
し、更にこれへダブリングとドラフトを施して均斉化し
た後、粗紡機にて単位重量０．５ｇ／ｍ、撚数０．８回
／インチの粗糸を形成した。A carding machine-dried sliver made of only the polylactic acid fiber staple fibers and a carding machine-dried sliver made of only the same weight of cotton fiber per unit length are simultaneously formed in the same drawing. It is fed to the machine and mixed with the sliver to form a blended sliver with a polylactic acid fiber content of 50%. After further doubling and drafting to homogenize the sliver, a unit weight of 0.5 g / m is twisted with a roving machine. A roving of several 0.8 times / inch was formed.
【００３３】次いで、上記粗糸を精紡機に供給し、ドラ
フト率３５倍と撚数２３回／インチを施して紡出し、ポ
リ乳酸繊維の含有率５０％の４０番手（英式綿番手）紡
績糸を得た。この混紡糸を経緯の両方に用い、常法によ
りボリ乳酸繊維／綿混の平織物１を製造した。Next, the above roving yarn is supplied to a spinning machine, subjected to a draft of 35 times and a twist number of 23 times / inch and spun out, and spun at a 40th count (English cotton count) with a polylactic acid fiber content of 50%. I got a thread. Using this blended yarn for both the warp and weft, a plain woven fabric 1 of polylactic acid fiber / cotton blend was produced by a conventional method.
【００３４】又、上記のポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを７
６ｍｍの繊維長に切断してステープル・ファイバーと
し、該ポリ乳酸繊維ステーブル・ファイバーのみからな
る梳綿機揚りのスライバーと、これと単位長さあたり同
重量の羊毛繊維のみからなるトッブとの両者をミキシン
グで混紡し、ロービングを製造した。次いで、これを精
紡機にシングルロービングの形で供給し、２０倍のドラ
フトと６６０回／メートルの撚を付与して梳毛単糸を得
た。In addition, the above polylactic acid fiber filament is
A 6 mm fiber length was cut into staple fibers, and a carding machine sliver consisting only of the polylactic acid fiber stable fibers and a tobb consisting of this and only the same weight of wool fiber per unit length Both were mixed and mixed to prepare a roving. Then, this was supplied to a spinning machine in the form of single roving, and a draft of 20 times and a twist of 660 times / meter were applied to obtain a worsted single yarn.
【００３５】その後、上記梳毛単糸を２本合糸し、６９
０回／メートルの撚を付与して紡出し、ポリ乳酸繊維の
含有率５０％の４０番手紡績糸を得た。この紡績糸を経
緯の両方に用い、常法によりポリ乳酸繊維／羊毛混の平
織物２を製造した。Then, two above-mentioned worsted single yarns are combined and 69
A twist of 0 times / meter was imparted and spinning was performed to obtain a 40th count spun yarn having a polylactic acid fiber content of 50%. Using this spun yarn for both the warp and weft, a plain woven fabric 2 of polylactic acid fiber / wool blend was produced by a conventional method.
【００３６】さらに、図１に示される様な装置を用い
て、綿粗糸（１）をバックローラ（２）とミドルローラ
（３）とフロントローラ（４）からなる精紡機のドラフ
トゾーン（５）に通過せしめると同時に、上記平織物１
の際に用いたポリ乳酸繊維を切断せず７５ｄ／２４ｆの
ポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント（６）としてフロントローラ
（４）の直前から供給せしめ、次いで合撚することによ
り、芯部がポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント（６）で、鞘部が
綿糸であるコアヤーンを得た。このとき、芯（ポリ乳酸
繊維フィラメント）が２８重量％、鞘（綿糸）７８重量
％であった。このコアヤーンを経緯の両方に用い、常法
によりボリ乳酸繊維／綿混の平織物３を製造した。Further, using a device as shown in FIG. 1, the cotton roving (1) is fed to the draft zone (5) of the spinning machine which comprises the back roller (2), the middle roller (3) and the front roller (4). ), And at the same time, the plain weave 1
The polylactic acid fiber used at the time of not being cut is supplied as a 75d / 24f polylactic acid fiber filament (6) immediately before the front roller (4), and then twisted to form a polylactic acid fiber filament ( In 6), a core yarn having a sheath of cotton yarn was obtained. At this time, the core (polylactic acid fiber filament) was 28% by weight, and the sheath (cotton yarn) was 78% by weight. This core yarn was used for both the background and the background, and a plain woven fabric 3 of polylactic acid fiber / cotton blend was manufactured by a conventional method.
【００３７】得られた平繊物１，平織物２，平織物３
は、これらに含有されているポリ乳酸繊維の比重が１．
２７と、他繊維（ポリエステル１．３８，綿１．５４）
に比べて小さいことから軽量であり、又上記ポリ乳酸繊
維の強力は３．８〜５．５ｇ／ｄと、ナイロン，ポリエ
ステルと同等であるが、同繊維のヤング率は４００〜６
００ｋｇ／ｍｍ2と、ポリエステルの１，２００ｋｇ／
ｍｍ2より小さく、かつナイロンの３００ｋｇ／ｍｍ2と
略同程度で、ナイロン並みのドレーブ性を備えており、
肌触りに優れ、又ボリューム感のあるものであった。こ
れらの平織物を用いて製造した衣服は、使用後の破棄処
分の際に、埋め立て，焼却の何れの処分も容易であり、
環境保護上好適なものであった。The obtained flat fiber 1, plain woven fabric 2, plain woven fabric 3
The specific gravity of the polylactic acid fiber contained in these is 1.
27 and other fibers (polyester 1.38, cotton 1.54)
Since it is smaller than the above, it is lightweight, and the strength of the above polylactic acid fiber is 3.8 to 5.5 g / d, which is equivalent to that of nylon and polyester, but the Young's modulus of the fiber is 400 to 6
00 kg / mm 2 and polyester 1,200 kg /
less than mm 2, and substantially the same extent as 300 kg / mm 2 nylon has a Drave of nylon par,
It was excellent in touch and had a sense of volume. Garments manufactured using these plain fabrics can be easily disposed of by landfill or incineration when discarded after use.
It was suitable for environmental protection.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】本発明のポリ乳酸繊維を含有する混紡糸
は、冒頭記載の合繊素材が本来保有する耐洗濯性等の基
本性能を備えると共に、衣服等に使用した場合、使用後
の埋立処理、焼却処理の何れであっても環境に適合した
処置をすることが可能となり、従来の合繊綿混入紡績糸
が有する冒頭記載の欠点を完全に解消することが出来
る。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The mixed yarn containing the polylactic acid fiber of the present invention has basic properties such as washing resistance originally possessed by the synthetic fiber material described at the beginning, and when it is used for clothes etc., it is landfilled after use. In any of the incineration treatments, it is possible to carry out a treatment suitable for the environment, and it is possible to completely eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional spun yarn mixed with synthetic fiber and described in the beginning.
【図１】コアヤーン製造方法の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a core yarn manufacturing method.
【符号の説明】 １ 粗糸 ２ バックローラ ３ ミドルローラ ４ フロントローラ ５ ドラフトゾーン ６ ポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント[Explanation of symbols] 1 roving 2 back rollers 3 middle roller 4 front roller 5 Draft zone 6 Polylactic acid fiber filament
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平９−111566（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−118922（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−283392（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平10−102337（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−324329（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−209222（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) D02G 3/00 - 3/04 D01F 6/62 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-9-111566 (JP, A) JP-A-7-118922 (JP, A) JP-A-8-283392 (JP, A) JP-A-10- 102337 (JP, A) JP 9-324329 (JP, A) JP 9-209222 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) D02G 3/00-3 / 04 D01F 6/62
Claims (3)
繊維からなる混紡糸であって、生分解性繊維として引張
強度２．０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光学純
度９８％以上のポリ乳酸繊維のステープル・ファイバー
を用いたことを特徴とする生分解性を含有する紡績糸。1. A blended yarn comprising biodegradable fibers and natural fibers such as cotton, silk and wool, wherein the biodegradable fibers have a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more, a breaking elongation of 100% or less, and an optical fiber. A biodegradable spun yarn comprising staple fiber of polylactic acid fiber having a purity of 98% or more.
繊維からなる複合紡績糸であって、生分解性繊維として
引張強度２．０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光
学純度９８％以上のポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを用いた
ことを特徴とする生分解性を含有する複合紡績糸。2. A composite spun yarn comprising biodegradable fibers and natural fibers such as cotton, silk and wool, wherein the biodegradable fibers have a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more and a breaking elongation of 100% or less. A biodegradable composite spun yarn comprising a polylactic acid fiber filament having an optical purity of 98% or more.
上、８０重量％未満であることを特徴とする請求項１又
は２に記載の生分解性を含有する紡績糸。3. A polylactic acid fiber mixing ratio of 20 wt% or more, and claim 1 and less than 80 wt%
Is a spun yarn containing biodegradability according to 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17241299A JP3441402B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-06-18 | Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10-196698 | 1998-06-25 | ||
| JP19669898 | 1998-06-25 | ||
| JP17241299A JP3441402B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-06-18 | Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000080531A JP2000080531A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| JP3441402B2 true JP3441402B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
Family
ID=26494773
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17241299A Expired - Fee Related JP3441402B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-06-18 | Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3441402B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4305994B2 (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2009-07-29 | 東レ株式会社 | Fiber products |
| JP2002069796A (en) * | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-08 | Unitika Textiles Ltd | Woven or knit fabric of polylactic acid |
| JP2002173844A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-21 | Unitika Textiles Ltd | Double-layer structural spun yarn having biodegradability |
| JP2002285442A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Maison:Kk | Spun yarn having both of form-stability and hygroscopicity, and fiber structure using the same |
| JP4839550B2 (en) * | 2001-09-06 | 2011-12-21 | 東レ株式会社 | Spun yarn and fiber structure using the same |
| JP4517713B2 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2010-08-04 | 東レ株式会社 | Textile material |
| JP4512381B2 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2010-07-28 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | Textile products containing biodegradable plastics |
| JP4524485B2 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2010-08-18 | 多機能フィルター株式会社 | Biodegradable topsoil protection sheet and vegetation sheet |
| JP5003266B2 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2012-08-15 | 東レ株式会社 | Spun yarn |
| CN102733040B (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2013-12-18 | 淄博奈琦尔生物科技有限公司 | Polylactic acid fiber blended fabric and production method |
| CN110747549B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-12-24 | 蚌埠民丰纺织有限责任公司 | Polylactic acid and tencel blended yarn and spinning method |
| CN114051543B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-09-29 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Spun yarn, yarn and cloth provided with spun yarn |
| CN112301501B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-06-21 | 广东溢达纺织有限公司 | Preparation method of easily-degradable differential auxiliary material and auxiliary material |
| CN114622316B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2023-09-01 | 安徽德和织造有限公司 | Polylactic acid bio-based functional coated yarn for sweater and preparation method thereof |
| CN114717720A (en) * | 2022-04-30 | 2022-07-08 | 江苏阳光股份有限公司 | Preparation method of degradable green environment-friendly polylactic acid wool worsted fabric |
| CN115537995B (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2024-07-02 | 福建长源纺织有限公司 | Spinning process of polylactic acid and fine cotton blended yarn |
-
1999
- 1999-06-18 JP JP17241299A patent/JP3441402B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000080531A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
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