JP2000080531A - Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber - Google Patents
Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000080531A JP2000080531A JP11172412A JP17241299A JP2000080531A JP 2000080531 A JP2000080531 A JP 2000080531A JP 11172412 A JP11172412 A JP 11172412A JP 17241299 A JP17241299 A JP 17241299A JP 2000080531 A JP2000080531 A JP 2000080531A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- polylactic acid
- fibers
- cotton
- yarn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は生分解性繊維と天然
繊維から構成した混紡糸に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blended yarn composed of biodegradable fibers and natural fibers.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、多くの化学繊維・合成繊維が生産
され、天然繊維と共にそれぞれの繊維特性に合わせて種
々の分野に使用されてきたが、その繊維特性は特定の用
途においては所望の要件を充足しておらず、これらの繊
維を混紡・混繊、あるいは交撚・交織し、新たな特性を
付与して、それらの用途に応じてきた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many chemical fibers and synthetic fibers have been produced and used together with natural fibers in various fields according to their fiber characteristics. However, these fibers are not blended / blended or intertwisted / cross-woven to impart new properties and meet their uses.
【０００３】綿，絹（絹紡用）、羊毛の如き天然繊維
と、合成繊維のカットファイバーやフィラメントを紡績
過程中で混ぜ合わせ、加撚して混紡糸を製造する手段も
またその一例であり、その製造方法も既に各種のものが
知られている。[0003] Another example is a means for mixing natural fibers such as cotton, silk (for silk spinning) and wool with cut fibers and filaments of synthetic fibers in the spinning process and twisting them to produce a mixed spun yarn. Various manufacturing methods are already known.
【０００４】ところが、近年環境保護の立場から各種の
家庭用繊維製品、特に衣料品の再利用が叫ばれると共
に、再利用不可能な製品では微生物の働きによって完全
に分解する生分解性素材の利用や、焼却時に大気汚染の
少ない素材の利用が社会的に要望されている。[0004] However, in recent years, from the standpoint of environmental protection, various household textile products, particularly clothing, have been reclaimed. In non-reusable products, the use of biodegradable materials that are completely degraded by the action of microorganisms has been used. Also, there is a social demand for the use of materials with low air pollution during incineration.
【０００５】この様なことをさらに具体的に説明する
と、一般に、再利用不可能な繊維製品の廃棄方法として
は埋め立てや焼却処分が利用される。混紡用素材のう
ち、天然繊維は、自然環境下、土中等の微生物により徐
々に分解して最終的には消失する。また焼却も容易であ
るので、使用後の放置や焼却においても大気汚染や環境
破壊の心配はない。To explain this more specifically, landfill or incineration is generally used as a method for disposing of non-reusable textile products. Among the blended materials, natural fibers are gradually decomposed by microorganisms in the soil under the natural environment and finally disappear. In addition, since incineration is easy, there is no fear of air pollution or environmental destruction in leaving or incineration after use.
【０００６】しかし、従来使用されている混紡用合繊素
材であるナイロン，ポリエステル，アクリル等の繊維は
微生物で分解されず、またこの様な素材は化学的にも安
定しているので合繊綿の部分が長期間にわたって土中に
そのままいつまでも残り、その結果環境上の問題を引き
起こしている。さらに、これらの合繊綿部分を焼却処理
した際は、燃焼時の発熱量が高いため焼却炉の寿命を短
くするばかりでなく、ポリアクリロニトリル系合繊素材
の場合にはシアンガスの様な有害ガスを発生する恐れも
ある。However, conventionally used fibers such as nylon, polyester, acrylic and the like, which are synthetic fiber materials for blending, are not decomposed by microorganisms, and since such materials are chemically stable, the synthetic fiber portion Remain in the soil indefinitely for long periods of time, resulting in environmental problems. Furthermore, when these synthetic fiber parts are incinerated, the calorific value during combustion is high, which not only shortens the life of the incinerator, but also generates harmful gases such as cyan gas in the case of polyacrylonitrile-based synthetic fibers. There is a risk of doing so.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この様に、現在使用さ
れている混紡糸において構成素材の一方に合繊素材を使
用した場合は、使用後の破棄処分時に環境保護上の各種
の支障を生じている。As described above, when a synthetic fiber material is used as one of the constituent materials in the currently used mixed yarn, various obstacles to environmental protection occur at the time of disposal after use. I have.
【０００８】本発明は従来の混紡糸が有する上記問題点
を解消し、含有する合繊素材が本来保有する性能を損な
わず、しかも廃棄時には土中や活性汚泥中、コンポスト
中にて比較的短時間のうちに分解し、また焼却時には有
害ガスを発生させず、さらには燃焼熱がセルロース並に
低く高温ガスの発生を抑制することのできる新規な混紡
糸を提供しようとするものである。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional blended yarn, does not impair the inherent properties of the synthetic fiber material contained therein, and has a relatively short time in the soil, activated sludge, and compost at the time of disposal. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel blended yarn which decomposes in a short time, does not generate a harmful gas at the time of incineration, and has a combustion heat as low as that of cellulose and can suppress generation of a high-temperature gas.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明は次の構成を備えている。すなわち、第一番
目の発明は、生分解性繊維と、綿，絹，羊毛等の天然繊
維からなる混紡糸であって、生分解性繊維として引張強
度２．０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光学純度
９０％以上のポリ乳酸繊維のステープル・ファイバーを
用いたことを特徴とする構成であり、また第二番目の発
明は、生分解性繊維と、綿，絹，羊毛等の天然繊維から
なる混紡糸であって、生分解性繊維として引張強度２．
０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光学純度９０％
以上のポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを用いたことを特徴と
する構成である。そして、第三番目の発明は、上記第一
番目及び第二番目の発明において、ポリ乳酸繊維の混合
率を２０重量％以上、８０重量％未満としたことを特徴
とする構成である。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following arrangement. That is, the first invention is a blended yarn comprising a biodegradable fiber and a natural fiber such as cotton, silk, wool or the like, wherein the biodegradable fiber has a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more and a cut elongation of 100. %, Staple fiber of polylactic acid fiber having an optical purity of not less than 90%. The second invention is directed to a biodegradable fiber and a natural fiber such as cotton, silk and wool. 1. A mixed spun yarn made of fiber, which has a tensile strength of 2.
0 g / d or more, cutting elongation 100% or less, optical purity 90%
This is a configuration characterized by using the above-mentioned polylactic acid fiber filament. A third aspect of the present invention is the configuration according to the first and second aspects, wherein the mixing ratio of the polylactic acid fiber is set to 20% by weight or more and less than 80% by weight.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】糸として使用可能な生分解性繊維
としては、本出願人が先に特開平７−３０５２２７号公
報等で開示したポリヒドロキシブチレート（以下ＰＨＢ
と記す）、ポリカプロラクトン（以下ＰＣＬと記す）、
ボリ乳酸等の溶融形成可能なポリマーから得られた繊維
が挙げられる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As biodegradable fibers usable as yarns, polyhydroxybutyrate (hereinafter referred to as PHB) disclosed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
), Polycaprolactone (hereinafter referred to as PCL),
Fibers obtained from a melt-formable polymer such as polylactic acid are exemplified.
【００１１】前記ＰＨＢは、同公報記載の通り、製造コ
ストが高過ぎるだけでなく、微生物による生合成のため
にポリマーの採取や精製に多大のエネルギーを要し、且
つ分子量や結晶性を制御することが困難なために成型の
困難さや成型品の物性制御上に難点があり、工業的に安
価に用途に応じた性能、成型性を与えることが難しい。
又、ＰＣＬは融点が６０℃と低すぎるために使用中のク
リープが大きく、製品の形態安定性の維持に欠けたり使
用温度により強度が極端に低下する等事実上重大な問題
点を有している。[0011] As described in the publication, the above-mentioned PHB not only has an excessively high production cost, but also requires a large amount of energy for collecting and purifying the polymer for biosynthesis by microorganisms, and controls the molecular weight and crystallinity. Because of the difficulty in molding, there are difficulties in molding and in controlling the physical properties of the molded product, and it is difficult to provide performance and moldability according to the application at low cost industrially.
In addition, PCL has a serious problem in that the melting point is too low at 60 ° C., so that the creep during use is large, the shape stability of the product is not maintained, and the strength is extremely lowered by the use temperature. I have.
【００１２】これに対して、ポリ乳酸は比較的コストが
安く、融点も１７８℃で十分な耐熱性を有する熱可塑性
樹脂であり、前述の如く、溶融成型可能で且つ製造上も
比較的低コストであるので、本発明の生分解性繊維用と
して最も適切なポリマーである。On the other hand, polylactic acid is a thermoplastic resin which is relatively inexpensive, has a melting point of 178 ° C. and has sufficient heat resistance, and can be melt-molded and has a relatively low production cost as described above. Therefore, it is the most suitable polymer for the biodegradable fiber of the present invention.
【００１３】本発明に使用するポリ乳酸の光学純度（以
下、ＯＰと略称する）は、通常９０％以上、好ましくは
９４％以上、更に好ましくは９６％以上、特に好ましく
は９８％以上である。ＯＰが９０％に至らないとポリマ
ーの結晶性が低く、又結晶化速度も遅いために、繊維製
造の際に糸切れが生じやすく操業性の低下や得られた繊
維の結晶性を低下させるために繊維の強度が低く、熱安
定性がなく、又染色性の変化等の製造工程での問題や使
用時の問題がある。又織編地の製造に必須である熟セッ
ト性が不良となり、押込加熟ギア法による加工糸等がで
きない等の問題がある。The optical purity (hereinafter, abbreviated as OP) of the polylactic acid used in the present invention is usually at least 90%, preferably at least 94%, more preferably at least 96%, particularly preferably at least 98%. If the OP does not reach 90%, the crystallinity of the polymer is low and the crystallization speed is low, so that yarn breakage is likely to occur during fiber production, and the operability is lowered and the crystallinity of the obtained fiber is lowered. In addition, the fiber has low strength, lacks thermal stability, and has problems in the production process such as a change in dyeability and problems during use. In addition, there is a problem that the ripening property, which is indispensable for the production of a woven or knitted fabric, becomes poor, and a processed yarn or the like cannot be formed by the indentation ripening gear method.
【００１４】ＯＰが９０％以土では、結晶が良好で上述
の問題が少ない。特にＯＰが９８％以上では繊維の結晶
性に特に優れ、繊維製造時の問題も少なく、且つ得られ
た繊維の強度や耐熟性及び熱セット性も極めて良好であ
る。[0014] When the OP is 90% or less, the crystal is good and the above-mentioned problems are few. In particular, when the OP is 98% or more, the crystallinity of the fiber is particularly excellent, there are few problems during fiber production, and the strength, ripening resistance and heat setting property of the obtained fiber are extremely good.
【００１５】一般にボリ乳酸は光学異性体となるＬ−
体、Ｄ−体乳酸の混合したポリマー（広い意味での共重
合物）であり、それらの比率でポリ乳酸の光学純度が決
まる。自然界の生物の体は殆どＬ−体化合物からなり、
従ってＬ−体よりなるポリマーや化合物を分解する酵素
は豊富に存在している。しかし、Ｄ−体は自然界には殆
ど存在せず、Ｄ−体を多く含むボリマーや化合物は自然
界で分解されにくい。従って、本発明のボリ乳酸繊維も
Ｌ−乳酸の含有率が高いポリＬ−乳酸の方が好ましい。Generally, polylactic acid is an optical isomer of L-
It is a polymer (copolymer in a broad sense) in which isomer and D-isomer of lactic acid are mixed, and the optical purity of polylactic acid is determined by their ratio. The body of living organisms in nature consists mostly of L-compounds,
Therefore, there are abundant enzymes that degrade L-form polymers and compounds. However, D-forms hardly exist in nature, and polymers and compounds containing a large amount of D-forms are hardly decomposed in nature. Accordingly, the poly-lactic acid of the present invention is also preferably poly-L-lactic acid having a high L-lactic acid content.
【００１６】従って、ポリ乳酸繊維の組成ではＤ−体の
比率が増加するに従い、生分解性が低下していく。こう
いった意味でも、ＯＰは高い方が好ましい。Accordingly, in the composition of the polylactic acid fiber, the biodegradability decreases as the ratio of the D-form increases. In this sense, a higher OP is preferable.
【００１７】ポリ乳酸繊維は、ポリ乳酸を溶融紡糸や溶
液紡糸して製造するが、溶融紡糸が生産効率や製品の多
様性、製造における環境へ及ぼす負荷が小さいという点
で好ましい。Polylactic acid fibers are produced by melt-spinning or solution-spinning polylactic acid. Melt-spinning is preferred in terms of production efficiency, product versatility, and a small load on the environment during production.
【００１８】溶融紡糸は、ポリ乳酸樹脂を融点以上に加
熱・溶融させ、微小な孔を有する紡糸口金から空中に吐
出・冷却させ繊維とする。吐出・冷却した繊維は、次の
工程へ行く為に、巻き取られるが、長繊維では、その巻
き取り速度は、コンベンショナル紡糸と呼ばれる巻き取
り速度略２，０００ｍ／分以下の方法、ＰＯＹ（Partia
lly 0riented Yarn）法と呼ばれる巻き取り速度略５，
５００ｍ／分以下の方法、ＨＯＹ（Highly 0riented Ya
rn）法と呼ばれる巻き取り速度略５，５００ｍ／分以上
の方法、或いは紡糸後同じ装置にて直ちに延伸を行うＳ
ＰＤ（Spin Draw）法等が採用できる。又、短繊維で
は、長繊維に比べて圧倒的に多数のノズルから押し出す
為に、巻き取り速度は長繊維より遅くなるのがふつうで
あり、通常２，０００ｍ／分以下にて行われる。特に、
１，５００ｍ／以下で行われるのが最も一般的なことで
ある。In the melt spinning, a polylactic acid resin is heated and melted to a temperature equal to or higher than its melting point, and discharged and cooled into the air from a spinneret having minute holes to produce fibers. The discharged and cooled fiber is wound up to go to the next step. In the case of long fiber, the winding speed is a conventional spinning method called POY (Partia).
lly 0riented Yarn) winding speed of about 5,
HOY (Highly 0riented Ya)
rn) A method called a winding speed of about 5,500 m / min or more, which is called a method, or stretching is performed immediately by the same apparatus after spinning.
A PD (Spin Draw) method or the like can be adopted. In addition, in the case of short fibers, the winding speed is usually slower than that of long fibers because the fibers are extruded from a large number of nozzles in comparison with long fibers, and usually, the winding speed is 2,000 m / min or less. In particular,
Most commonly, it is performed at 1500 m / or less.
【００１９】尚、前記過程の延伸倍率は紡糸速度と目的
とするステーブル・ファイバーの要求性能により異なる
が、２．０ｇ／ｄ以上の引張強度と１００％以下の切断
伸虔とを有する繊維が得られるように設定する必要があ
る。引張強度が２．０ｇ／ｄ未満であると加工工程でト
ラブルが発生し、又最終製品の強度不足で実用上トラブ
ルが発生したりして好ましくない。又切断伸度が１００
％を越えると梳綿作用が不良となり実用に供することが
困難となる。The draw ratio in the above process depends on the spinning speed and the required performance of the desired stable fiber. However, a fiber having a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more and a cutting elongation of 100% or less is obtained. It must be set to obtain. If the tensile strength is less than 2.0 g / d, troubles occur in the processing step, and practically troubles occur due to insufficient strength of the final product, which is not preferable. Also, the elongation at break is 100
%, The carding action becomes poor and it is difficult to put the card into practical use.
【００２０】ポリ乳酸繊維と混紡する天然繊維として
は、綿繊維、絹紡用の絹繊維、羊毛繊維等を用いる。前
記綿、絹、羊毛の各繊維は夫々固有の繊度と繊維長を備
えるステープル・ファイバーからなっており、これらの
各繊維と混紡するポリ乳酸繊維は、前記の長繊維にあっ
ては溶融紡糸し次いで延伸した後、これを機械的に所定
長に切断したステープル・ファイバーの形で用いる。又
直接短繊維に形成したポリ乳酸繊維においては、これを
カット後又はそのまま混紡に用いる。As the natural fiber blended with the polylactic acid fiber, cotton fiber, silk fiber for silk spinning, wool fiber and the like are used. The cotton, silk, and wool fibers are staple fibers each having a unique fineness and fiber length, and the polylactic acid fibers mixed with these fibers are melt-spun in the long fibers. Then, after drawing, it is used in the form of staple fibers mechanically cut to length. In the case of polylactic acid fibers directly formed into short fibers, they are used after being cut or as they are for blending.
【００２１】一般に異種の繊維を混紡する際、得られる
混紡糸の均斉度を高くしたい場合は、繊度及び繊維長を
混紡相手に最も近いものにすることが最適とされる。例
えば、綿繊維を混紡対象とする場合、ポリエステルステ
ープルは従来、繊度１．０〜１．５ｄ、繊維長３０〜５
０ｍｍの範囲のものを多用しており、本発明のポリ乳酸
繊維においても、この様な目的の際は、繊度を１．０〜
１．５ｄ、繊維長を３０〜５０ｍｍとするのが好適であ
る。同様に、羊毛とポリ乳酸繊維の両者を用いた梳毛紡
績の場合、ポリ乳酸繊維の繊度は１．０〜３．０ｄ、繊
維長は７０〜９０ｍｍとするのが好適であり、又紡毛紡
績の場合、ポリ乳酸繊維の繊度は３．０〜７．０ｄ、繊
維長は３０〜５０ｍｍとするのが好適である。In general, when blending different kinds of fibers, if it is desired to increase the uniformity of the resulting blended yarn, it is optimal to make the fineness and the fiber length closest to the blending partner. For example, when cotton fibers are to be blended, the polyester staple conventionally has a fineness of 1.0 to 1.5 d and a fiber length of 30 to 5.
In the case of such a purpose, the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber of the present invention is set to a fineness of 1.0 to 1.0 mm.
Preferably, the fiber length is 1.5 d and the fiber length is 30 to 50 mm. Similarly, in the case of worsted spinning using both wool and polylactic acid fiber, the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber is preferably 1.0 to 3.0 d and the fiber length is preferably 70 to 90 mm. In this case, the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber is preferably 3.0 to 7.0 d, and the fiber length is preferably 30 to 50 mm.
【００２２】又ポリ乳酸繊維の繊度設定と共に、その収
縮率（例えば熱収縮率）を適宜設定することにより得ら
れる混紡糸の膨らみを加減することが出来る。例えば、
太繊度の繊維の収縮率を大きくし細繊度の繊維の収縮率
を低く設定することにより混紡糸の膨らみを太きくする
ことが出来る。In addition to the setting of the fineness of the polylactic acid fiber, the swelling of the blended yarn obtained can be adjusted by appropriately setting the shrinkage ratio (eg, the heat shrinkage ratio). For example,
The swelling of the blended yarn can be increased by setting the shrinkage of the fine fiber to be large and the shrinkage of the fine fiber to be low.
【００２３】本発明の混紡糸に用いるポリ乳酸繊維は、
通常の○断面繊維や扁平断面繊維、△断面繊維、中空断
面繊維（○、△）、Ｕ字断面繊維等の非円形断面繊維
等、いずれの繊維断面も使用できる。着用感等を考慮す
ると単純な○断面繊維よりも、扁平断面繊維、△断面繊
維やＵ断面繊維等の異形断面繊維を混合したものが好ま
しい。風合いやふくらみ感等の改善の為には、異形断面
繊維をポリ乳酸繊維中に重量比１０％程度以上、好まし
くは２０％以上、更に好ましくは３０％以上混合する。
又、ボリ乳酸繊維は紡糸延伸後、所定長に切断されたス
トレート繊維に限らず、スタッフイング法、押込加熱ギ
ヤ法又は高速エアー噴射押込法等により捲縮を付与した
後、２０〜１００ｍｍの長さに切断したカットファイバ
ーも使用し得る。The polylactic acid fiber used in the blended yarn of the present invention is:
Any fiber cross-section such as a normal cross-section fiber, a flat cross-section fiber, a △ cross-section fiber, a hollow cross-section fiber (○, △), and a non-circular cross-section fiber such as a U-shaped cross-section fiber can be used. Considering the feeling of wearing and the like, it is preferable to mix fibers having irregular cross-sections such as flat cross-section fibers, △ cross-section fibers and U-section fibers, rather than simple cross-section fibers. In order to improve the feeling and swelling, the modified cross-section fiber is mixed with the polylactic acid fiber at a weight ratio of about 10% or more, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more.
The polylactic acid fiber is not limited to a straight fiber cut to a predetermined length after spinning and stretching, but after being crimped by a stuffing method, an indentation heating gear method, a high-speed air injection indentation method, or the like, has a length of 20 to 100 mm. Cut fibers cut into pieces may also be used.
【００２４】前記構成からなるポリ乳酸繊維と天然繊維
とは一連の紡績工程中で混ぜ合わせる。混綿方式として
は、梳綿過程以前の原綿状態で混綿する原綿方式と、両
繊維を夫々個別の梳綿機に仕掛けた後、スライバー状態
で混綿するスライバー方式と、両繊維を夫々個別の粗糸
に形成した後、精紡機で両者を複合する粗糸方式等が考
えられる。綿紡績、梳毛紡績においては均斉度の点から
スライバー状態で混ぜ合わせることが好ましく、紡毛紡
績の場合は、原毛の状態で混ぜ合わせることか好まし
い。The polylactic acid fiber and the natural fiber having the above constitution are mixed in a series of spinning steps. The cotton blending method includes a cotton blending method in which cotton is mixed in a raw cotton state before the carding process, a sliver method in which both fibers are set in separate carding machines and then mixed in a sliver state, and a separate roving of both fibers. A roving method or the like in which the two are combined by a spinning machine after the formation is considered. In cotton spinning and worsted spinning, it is preferable to mix in a sliver state from the point of uniformity, and in spinning spinning, it is preferable to mix in a raw wool state.
【００２５】前述の通り、一般に混紡糸は構成する夫々
の繊維の長所と短所を補って新たな繊維特性を得ようと
するものであるが、一つの繊維の特色をそれを含む混紡
糸に付与するためにはその繊維を少なくとも２０％（重
量比）入れる必要がある。従ってポリ乳酸繊維と天然繊
維の混紡においては、いずれかの混紡量が２０％（重量
比）末満となると、他方の繊維の特徴に埋没させること
となるので、本発明においても、ポリ乳酸繊維の混合率
を２０％以上８０％未満（いずれも重量比）にすること
が好ましい。As described above, in general, a blended yarn attempts to obtain new fiber characteristics by compensating for the advantages and disadvantages of each of the fibers constituting the blended yarn, but imparts the characteristics of one fiber to the blended yarn containing the same. To do so, it is necessary to add at least 20% (by weight) of the fiber. Therefore, in the case of a blended polylactic acid fiber and a natural fiber, when the blended amount of any one of the fibers is less than 20% (weight ratio), the fiber is buried in the characteristics of the other fiber. Is preferably 20% or more and less than 80% (all by weight).
【００２６】上記の如く構成された本発明のポリ乳酸繊
維と天然繊維は、公知の綿糸紡績工程（１インチ紡）、
梳毛紡績工程（２，２．５，３インチ紡）、紡毛紡績工
程、或いは絹糸紡績工程等の何れかを経由し、該工程中
の所定部で両繊維が混ぜ合わされ、混紡された紡績糸と
なって精紡機より送り出される。かかる本発明の紡績糸
は、単糸のまま、又は撚糸されて、製織，製編の上、種
々の用途に使用される。The polylactic acid fiber and the natural fiber of the present invention having the above-mentioned constitutions are mixed with a known cotton yarn spinning step (1 inch spinning),
After passing through any of the worsted spinning process (2, 2.5, 3 inch spinning), the woolen spinning process, or the silk spinning process, both fibers are mixed at a predetermined portion in the process, and the mixed spun yarn and And sent out from the spinning machine. Such a spun yarn of the present invention is used as a single yarn or as a twisted yarn for various uses after weaving and knitting.
【００２７】以上、ポリ乳酸繊維を所定長に切断してス
テープル・ファイバーの形態とし、天然繊維と混紡する
実施形態を詳述したが、第二の発明の如く、ポリ乳酸繊
維を切断せず、フィラメントの状態で天然繊維と複合紡
績糸を製造することも可能である。The embodiment in which the polylactic acid fiber is cut into a predetermined length to form a staple fiber and blended with the natural fiber has been described in detail, but the polylactic acid fiber is not cut as in the second invention. It is also possible to produce natural fibers and composite spun yarn in the state of filaments.
【００２８】具体的には、精紡工程において、（１）紡
績装置のドラフトパートに供給され、フロントローラを
出た直後の天然繊維の粗糸を開繊状態にしておき、この
上にドラフトパートに供給せず、フロントローラのみを
通過せしめたポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント糸を重ね合わせ
て合撚する方法によって得られるコアヤーンタイプ、
（２）紡績装置のドラフトパートに供給され、フロント
ローラを出た直後の天然繊維の粗糸を両側に配置させ、
ドラフトパートに供給せず、フロントローラのみを通過
せしめたポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント糸を中央に配置し、
合撚して得られるサイロフィルタイプ、（３）また、天
然繊維紡績糸とポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントとを合撚して
得られるカバーリングタイプ，撚糸タイプ等が例示され
る。なお、上記の「サイロフィル」は、Wool Developme
nt International Limited社の登録商標である。More specifically, in the spinning process, (1) the roving of the natural fiber, which is supplied to the draft part of the spinning device and has just exited the front roller, is opened, and the draft part is placed thereon. Core yarn type obtained by a method of superposing and ply-twisting polylactic acid fiber filament yarns that have been passed only through the front roller without being supplied to
(2) The roving of the natural fiber that has been supplied to the draft part of the spinning device and has just exited the front roller is arranged on both sides,
Without supplying to the draft part, the polylactic acid fiber filament yarn passed only through the front roller is arranged in the center,
A silofil type obtained by ply twisting, (3) a covering type obtained by plying a spun natural fiber yarn and a polylactic acid fiber filament, and a twisted yarn type are exemplified. The above "Silofil" is a Wool Developme
is a registered trademark of nt International Limited.
【００２９】本発明の紡績糸を用いた織編物の使用後の
廃棄は、埋立処理の場合はポリ乳酸繊維と天然繊維の両
者が共に生分解性に優れているので自然消滅することが
可能であり、又焼却処理の際はポリ乳酸繊維の燃焼熱が
３，４００〜３，５００ｃａｌ／ｇと新聞紙と同程度で
あり、天然繊維も動植物製で比較的低温燃焼が可能であ
るので、炉を傷めず有毒ガスを発生する事もなく簡単に
焼却処分が出来る。いずれの方法をとっても環境破壊を
生ずることなく容易に実施出来る。After the use of the woven or knitted fabric using the spun yarn of the present invention, in the case of landfill treatment, both the polylactic acid fiber and the natural fiber are excellent in biodegradability, and can be naturally eliminated. In addition, at the time of incineration, the heat of combustion of polylactic acid fibers is about 3,400 to 3,500 cal / g, which is about the same as that of newsprint, and natural fibers are made of animals and plants and can be burned at a relatively low temperature. It can be easily incinerated without damaging or generating toxic gas. Either method can be easily implemented without causing environmental destruction.
【００３０】[0030]
【実施例】以下実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明
する。尚、本実施例において「％」とあるのはことわり
のない限り「重量％」を意味する。相対粘度：ηｒｅｌ
は、フェトル／テトラクロロエタン＝６／４（重二比）
の混合溶剤中２０℃で常法により求めた。融点（Ｔｍ）
は理学電気社製示差走査計（以下ＤＳＣと記す）の吸熱
ビークのビーク値より求めた。The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples. In this example, "%" means "% by weight" unless otherwise specified. Relative viscosity: ηrel
Is Fettle / tetrachloroethane = 6/4 (ratio to double ratio)
In a mixed solvent at 20 ° C. by a conventional method. Melting point (Tm)
Was determined from a beak value of an endothermic beak of a differential scanning meter (hereinafter, referred to as DSC) manufactured by Rigaku Corporation.
【００３１】Ｌ−乳酸の含有率が９９．４％、ηｒｅｌ
（相対粘度）＝３．１、重量平均分子量が１２０，００
０、融点が１７５℃である生分解性組成物のボリ乳酸を
２３０℃で溶融し、孔径０．２ｍｍ、孔数４８個を有す
る紡糸ノズルより空中に押し出し、公知の方式にて紡糸
をして１．５ｄのポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを得た後、
該ポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを３８ｍｍの繊維長に切断
してポリ乳酸繊維ステーブル・ファイバーを得た。該ス
テーブル・ファイバーの強度は４．０ｇ／ｄ、伸度は３
５％、弾性率は５２０ｋｇ／ｍｍ2であった。When the content of L-lactic acid is 99.4%, ηrel
(Relative viscosity) = 3.1, weight average molecular weight is 12,000
0, Polylactic acid of a biodegradable composition having a melting point of 175 ° C. is melted at 230 ° C., extruded into the air from a spinning nozzle having a pore diameter of 0.2 mm and 48 holes, and spun by a known method. After obtaining 1.5d polylactic acid fiber filament,
The polylactic acid fiber filament was cut into a fiber length of 38 mm to obtain a polylactic acid fiber stable fiber. The strength of the stable fiber is 4.0 g / d and the elongation is 3
The modulus was 5% and the elastic modulus was 520 kg / mm 2 .
【００３２】上記ポリ乳酸繊維ステープル・ファイバー
のみからなる梳綿機揚りのスライバーと、これと単位長
さ当り同重量の綿繊維のみからなる梳綿機揚りのスライ
バーを、同時に、同一練条機に供給してスライバー混合
し、ポリ乳酸繊維の含有率５０％の混紡スライバーとな
し、更にこれへダブリングとドラフトを施して均斉化し
た後、粗紡機にて単位重量０．５ｇ／ｍ、撚数０．８回
／インチの粗糸を形成した。At the same time, a sliver of a carding machine made of only the staple fiber of the polylactic acid fiber and a sliver of a carded machine made of only the same weight of cotton fiber per unit length are made of the same drawing. The mixture is sliver-mixed into a sliver to give a blended sliver with a polylactic acid fiber content of 50%. After doubling and drafting, the sliver is homogenized, and the unit weight is 0.5 g / m with a roving machine. A roving of several 0.8 turns / inch was formed.
【００３３】次いで、上記粗糸を精紡機に供給し、ドラ
フト率３５倍と撚数２３回／インチを施して紡出し、ポ
リ乳酸繊維の含有率５０％の４０番手（英式綿番手）紡
績糸を得た。この混紡糸を経緯の両方に用い、常法によ
りボリ乳酸繊維／綿混の平織物１を製造した。Next, the roving yarn is supplied to a spinning machine, and is spun at a draft rate of 35 times and a twist number of 23 turns / inch, and is spun at a 40th count (English cotton count) with a polylactic acid fiber content of 50%. Yarn was obtained. Using this blended yarn for both processes, a plain fabric 1 of polylactic acid fiber / cotton blend was produced by a conventional method.
【００３４】又、上記のポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを７
６ｍｍの繊維長に切断してステープル・ファイバーと
し、該ポリ乳酸繊維ステーブル・ファイバーのみからな
る梳綿機揚りのスライバーと、これと単位長さあたり同
重量の羊毛繊維のみからなるトッブとの両者をミキシン
グで混紡し、ロービングを製造した。次いで、これを精
紡機にシングルロービングの形で供給し、２０倍のドラ
フトと６６０回／メートルの撚を付与して梳毛単糸を得
た。The above-mentioned polylactic acid fiber filament is
A staple fiber which is cut to a fiber length of 6 mm into a staple fiber, and a sliver of a carding machine made of only the stable fiber of the polylactic acid fiber and a tob consisting of only the same weight of wool fiber per unit length. Both were blended by mixing to produce a roving. Next, this was supplied to a spinning machine in the form of a single roving, and a 20-fold draft and 660 turns / meter of twist were applied to obtain a worsted single yarn.
【００３５】その後、上記梳毛単糸を２本合糸し、６９
０回／メートルの撚を付与して紡出し、ポリ乳酸繊維の
含有率５０％の４０番手紡績糸を得た。この紡績糸を経
緯の両方に用い、常法によりポリ乳酸繊維／羊毛混の平
織物２を製造した。Thereafter, two of the above-mentioned worsted single yarns are combined and 69
Spinning was performed with a twist of 0 times / meter to obtain a 40th spun yarn having a polylactic acid fiber content of 50%. Using this spun yarn for both processes, a plain woven fabric 2 of a polylactic acid fiber / wool blend was produced by a conventional method.
【００３６】さらに、図１に示される様な装置を用い
て、綿粗糸（１）をバックローラ（２）とミドルローラ
（３）とフロントローラ（４）からなる精紡機のドラフ
トゾーン（５）に通過せしめると同時に、上記平織物１
の際に用いたポリ乳酸繊維を切断せず７５ｄ／２４ｆの
ポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント（６）としてフロントローラ
（４）の直前から供給せしめ、次いで合撚することによ
り、芯部がポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント（６）で、鞘部が
綿糸であるコアヤーンを得た。このとき、芯（ポリ乳酸
繊維フィラメント）が２８重量％、鞘（綿糸）７８重量
％であった。このコアヤーンを経緯の両方に用い、常法
によりボリ乳酸繊維／綿混の平織物３を製造した。Further, using a device as shown in FIG. 1, a cotton roving (1) is drawn into a draft zone (5) of a spinning machine comprising a back roller (2), a middle roller (3) and a front roller (4). ) And at the same time,
The polylactic acid fiber used at the time was supplied as a 75d / 24f polylactic acid fiber filament (6) without cutting, immediately before the front roller (4), and then twisted, so that the core portion became a polylactic acid fiber filament (6). In 6), a core yarn having a sheath made of cotton yarn was obtained. At this time, the core (polylactic acid fiber filament) was 28% by weight and the sheath (cotton yarn) was 78% by weight. Using this core yarn in both directions, a plain woven fabric 3 of polylactic acid fiber / cotton blend was produced by a conventional method.
【００３７】得られた平繊物１，平織物２，平織物３
は、これらに含有されているポリ乳酸繊維の比重が１．
２７と、他繊維（ポリエステル１．３８，綿１．５４）
に比べて小さいことから軽量であり、又上記ポリ乳酸繊
維の強力は３．８〜５．５ｇ／ｄと、ナイロン，ポリエ
ステルと同等であるが、同繊維のヤング率は４００〜６
００ｋｇ／ｍｍ2と、ポリエステルの１，２００ｋｇ／
ｍｍ2より小さく、かつナイロンの３００ｋｇ／ｍｍ2と
略同程度で、ナイロン並みのドレーブ性を備えており、
肌触りに優れ、又ボリューム感のあるものであった。こ
れらの平織物を用いて製造した衣服は、使用後の破棄処
分の際に、埋め立て，焼却の何れの処分も容易であり、
環境保護上好適なものであった。The obtained plain fiber 1, plain fabric 2, plain fabric 3
Has a specific gravity of the polylactic acid fiber contained therein of 1.
27 and other fibers (polyester 1.38, cotton 1.54)
The polylactic acid fiber has a light weight because it is smaller than the above, and the strength of the polylactic acid fiber is 3.8 to 5.5 g / d, which is equivalent to that of nylon or polyester, but the Young's modulus of the fiber is 400 to 6 g / d.
00 kg / mm 2 and 1,200 kg /
mm 2 and about the same as 300 kg / mm 2 of nylon, with a drivability similar to nylon,
It had excellent touch and was voluminous. Clothes manufactured using these plain weaves can be easily disposed of in landfills or incinerated when disposed after use.
It was suitable for environmental protection.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】本発明のポリ乳酸繊維を含有する混紡糸
は、冒頭記載の合繊素材が本来保有する耐洗濯性等の基
本性能を備えると共に、衣服等に使用した場合、使用後
の埋立処理、焼却処理の何れであっても環境に適合した
処置をすることが可能となり、従来の合繊綿混入紡績糸
が有する冒頭記載の欠点を完全に解消することが出来
る。The blended yarn containing the polylactic acid fiber of the present invention has basic properties such as washing resistance originally possessed by the synthetic fiber material described at the beginning, and when used for clothes, etc., a landfill treatment after use. In any of the incineration treatments, it is possible to carry out a treatment suitable for the environment, and it is possible to completely eliminate the drawbacks described in the opening of the conventional synthetic fiber mixed spun yarn.
【図１】コアヤーン製造方法の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a core yarn manufacturing method.
１ 粗糸 ２ バックローラ ３ ミドルローラ ４ フロントローラ ５ ドラフトゾーン ６ ポリ乳酸繊維フィラメント DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roof 2 Back roller 3 Middle roller 4 Front roller 5 Draft zone 6 Polylactic acid fiber filament
Claims (3)
繊維からなる混紡糸であって、生分解性繊維として引張
強度２．０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光学純
度９０％以上のポリ乳酸繊維のステープル・ファイバー
を用いたことを特徴とする生分解性を含有する紡績糸。1. A blended yarn comprising a biodegradable fiber and a natural fiber such as cotton, silk, wool or the like, wherein the biodegradable fiber has a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more, a cutting elongation of 100% or less, and an optical fiber. A biodegradable spun yarn using staple fiber of polylactic acid fiber having a purity of 90% or more.
繊維からなる複合紡績糸であって、生分解性繊維として
引張強度２．０ｇ／ｄ以上、切断伸度１００％以下、光
学純度９０％以上のポリ乳酸繊維フィラメントを用いた
ことを特徴とする生分解性を含有する複合紡績糸。2. A composite spun yarn comprising a biodegradable fiber and a natural fiber such as cotton, silk, wool or the like, wherein the biodegradable fiber has a tensile strength of 2.0 g / d or more and a cutting elongation of 100% or less. A composite spun yarn containing biodegradability, characterized by using a polylactic acid fiber filament having an optical purity of 90% or more.
上、８０重量％未満であることを特徴とする請求項１〜
２に記載の生分解性を含有する紡績糸。3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the polylactic acid fibers is not less than 20% by weight and less than 80% by weight.
3. A spun yarn containing the biodegradable according to 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17241299A JP3441402B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-06-18 | Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19669898 | 1998-06-25 | ||
| JP10-196698 | 1998-06-25 | ||
| JP17241299A JP3441402B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-06-18 | Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000080531A true JP2000080531A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| JP3441402B2 JP3441402B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
Family
ID=26494773
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17241299A Expired - Fee Related JP3441402B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-06-18 | Blended yarn containing polylactic acid fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3441402B2 (en) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000248444A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-12 | Kanebo Ltd | Textile product |
| JP2002069796A (en) * | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-08 | Unitika Textiles Ltd | Woven or knit fabric of polylactic acid |
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1999
- 1999-06-18 JP JP17241299A patent/JP3441402B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP2000248444A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-12 | Kanebo Ltd | Textile product |
| JP2002069796A (en) * | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-08 | Unitika Textiles Ltd | Woven or knit fabric of polylactic acid |
| JP2002173844A (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-21 | Unitika Textiles Ltd | Double-layer structural spun yarn having biodegradability |
| JP2002285442A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Maison:Kk | Spun yarn having both of form-stability and hygroscopicity, and fiber structure using the same |
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| CN102733040A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-17 | 淄博奈琦尔纺织科技发展有限公司 | Polylactic acid fiber blended fabric and production method |
| CN102733040B (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2013-12-18 | 淄博奈琦尔生物科技有限公司 | Polylactic acid fiber blended fabric and production method |
| CN110747549A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-04 | 蚌埠民丰纺织有限责任公司 | Polylactic acid and tencel blended yarn and spinning method |
| WO2021125195A1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Spun yarn, and thread and fabric provided with same |
| JPWO2021125195A1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | ||
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| CN112301501B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-06-21 | 广东溢达纺织有限公司 | Preparation method of easily-degradable differential auxiliary material and auxiliary material |
| CN114622316A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-14 | 安徽德和织造有限公司 | Polylactic acid bio-based functional covering yarn for sweater and preparation method thereof |
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