JP3295387B2 - Manufacturing method of wear-resistant member - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of wear-resistant memberInfo
- Publication number
- JP3295387B2 JP3295387B2 JP06396499A JP6396499A JP3295387B2 JP 3295387 B2 JP3295387 B2 JP 3295387B2 JP 06396499 A JP06396499 A JP 06396499A JP 6396499 A JP6396499 A JP 6396499A JP 3295387 B2 JP3295387 B2 JP 3295387B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wear
- resistant
- cast iron
- manufacturing
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鋳鉄基材上に耐摩
耗材料を溶射若しくは肉盛りすることにより耐摩耗部材
を製造する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a wear-resistant member by spraying or overlaying a wear-resistant material on a cast iron base material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】機械部品の摺動部に耐摩耗性を持たせる
ための表面処理方法として、セラミック、Ｎｉ基合金ま
たはＣｏ基合金を溶射したり、Ｎｉ基合金またはＣｏ基
合金を肉盛りする方法が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art As a surface treatment method for imparting wear resistance to a sliding portion of a machine component, ceramic, a Ni-based alloy or a Co-based alloy is thermally sprayed, or a Ni-based alloy or a Co-based alloy is overlaid. Methods are known.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記のような
表面処理方法は、基材が鋳鉄材料の場合には適用するこ
とができない。その理由は、鋳鉄の組織中には多量の黒
鉛が存在するため、溶射若しくは肉盛り処理中に基材の
表面が溶融して黒鉛が基地組織中に溶解すると、ピンホ
ールの発生やクラックの発生原因となるからである。However, the above surface treatment method cannot be applied when the base material is a cast iron material. The reason is that a large amount of graphite is present in the structure of cast iron, so if the surface of the base material melts during the thermal spraying or overlaying process and the graphite dissolves in the base structure, pinholes and cracks will occur. It is because it causes.
【０００４】このため、上記のような表面処理方法の適
用は、専ら基材が低炭素の鉄鋼材料の場合に限定されて
いる。[0004] For this reason, the application of the above surface treatment method is limited only to the case where the base material is a low carbon steel material.
【０００５】しかし、近年、部品の低コスト化の要求が
高まってきている事情を鑑みれば、成形コストの低減が
可能な鋳鉄材料に上記の処理を施すことができれば、非
常に有益である。[0005] However, in view of the increasing demand for cost reduction of parts in recent years, it would be very advantageous if the above treatment could be performed on a cast iron material capable of reducing the molding cost.
【０００６】本発明は、上記実状に鑑みなされたもので
あり、鋳鉄材料上に溶射および肉盛りにより耐摩耗層を
形成するを方法を提供することを目的としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a method for forming a wear-resistant layer on a cast iron material by thermal spraying and building up.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、鋳鉄材料からなる部材の表面に耐摩耗材
料を被覆して耐摩耗部材を製造する方法において、耐摩
耗材料を被覆すべき部位の表層部が白銑化するように鋳
鉄部材を鋳造し、この鋳鉄部材に脱炭処理を施すことに
より白銑組織をフェライト化し、フェライト組織が形成
された部位に耐摩耗材料を溶射若しくは肉盛することを
特徴としている。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant member by coating a surface of a member made of cast iron material with a wear-resistant material. The cast iron member is cast so that the surface layer of the part to be turned into white pig iron, and the cast iron member is decarburized to ferrite the white pig iron structure, and the wear-resistant material is sprayed or sprayed on the part where the ferrite structure is formed. It is characterized by cladding.
【０００８】本発明によれば、耐摩耗材料を被覆すべき
部位の組織を、黒鉛が存在しない低炭素組織とすること
ができるため、溶射若しくは肉盛する際に鋳鉄表面が溶
解した場合でも、溶射若しくは肉盛被膜に欠陥が発生す
ることを防止することができる。このため高品質の耐摩
耗部材を製造することができる。According to the present invention, since the structure of the portion to be coated with the wear-resistant material can be a low-carbon structure free of graphite, even when the surface of the cast iron is melted during thermal spraying or overlaying, Defects can be prevented from occurring in the thermal spray or the overlay coating. Therefore, a high-quality wear-resistant member can be manufactured.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明による耐摩耗部材の
製造方法について詳述する。本発明の製造方法は、基材
を構成する鋳鉄材料が片状黒鉛鋳鉄（ＦＣ）および球状
黒鉛鋳鉄（ＦＣＤ）である場合に適している。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant member according to the present invention will be described in detail. The production method of the present invention is suitable when the cast iron material constituting the base material is flaky graphite cast iron (FC) and spheroidal graphite cast iron (FCD).
【００１０】本発明による製造工程は、以下３つの工程
により構成される。The manufacturing process according to the present invention comprises the following three steps.
【００１１】すなわち、耐摩耗材料を被覆すべき部位の
表層部にレデブライト組織が生成されるように鋳鉄材料
を鋳造する第１の工程と、前記の鋳造工程により得られ
た部材に脱炭処理を施して、前記レデブライト組織をフ
ェライト組織とする第２の工程と、前記フェライト組織
が形成された部位に、耐摩耗材料を溶射若しくは肉盛り
する第３の工程と、である。That is, a first step of casting a cast iron material such that a redebrite structure is formed on a surface layer of a portion to be coated with a wear-resistant material, and a decarburization treatment of the member obtained by the casting step. And a third step of spraying or overlaying a wear-resistant material on the portion where the ferrite structure is formed.
【００１２】以下、各工程について詳述する。Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.
【００１３】まず、第１の工程として、基材となる鋳鉄
部材を鋳造する。この際、溶射若しくは溶接肉盛りを行
う部位に冷し金をあてて、当該部分の表層部の金属組織
がレデブライト組織となるように（白銑化されるよう
に）鋳造を行う。レデブライト組織の厚さ（最表面から
の深さ）は、３〜１０ｍｍの範囲とすることが好まし
い。First, as a first step, a cast iron member serving as a base material is cast. At this time, a chill is applied to a portion where the thermal spraying or welding overlay is to be performed, and casting is performed so that the metal structure of the surface layer portion of the portion becomes a redebrite structure (to be made into white iron). The thickness (depth from the outermost surface) of the redebrite structure is preferably in the range of 3 to 10 mm.
【００１４】厚さを３ｍｍ以上としたのは、厚さが３ｍ
ｍ未満の場合、溶射若しくは肉盛りを行う際に、基材の
さらに深い部分から炭素が拡散してくるため、クラック
が発生しやすくなるからである。The reason why the thickness is set to 3 mm or more is that the thickness is 3 m
If the diameter is less than m, carbon is diffused from a deeper portion of the base material during thermal spraying or overlaying, so that cracks are likely to occur.
【００１５】レデブライト組織の厚さの調節は、例え
ば、冷し金の大きさ重量等を適宜選定することにより調
整することができる。冷し金としては、黒鉛、鋳鉄等の
材料が適宜選定される。The thickness of the redebrite structure can be adjusted, for example, by appropriately selecting the size and weight of the chill. As the chill, a material such as graphite and cast iron is appropriately selected.
【００１６】次に、第２の工程として、上記鋳鉄部材に
対して脱炭処理を行う。脱炭処理は、通常は、ミルスケ
ール（酸化鉄の粉）をレデブライト組織の部分に接触さ
せて、８００〜９５０℃で５〜１０時間加熱保持するこ
とにより行うことができる。Next, as a second step, a decarburization treatment is performed on the cast iron member. Usually, the decarburization treatment can be performed by bringing a mill scale (iron oxide powder) into contact with a portion of the redebrite structure and heating and holding at 800 to 950 ° C. for 5 to 10 hours.
【００１７】また、これに代えて、ＣＯおよびＣＯ2の
混合ガス雰囲気中で加熱保持することにより脱炭処理を
行うこともできる。なお、この場合、脱炭処理は、図１
（日刊工業新聞社発行：「鋳物」Ｐ２２４より引用）に
示す領域IIIの範囲で行えばよい。ＣＯとＣＯ2の比率は
ＣＯ：ＣＯ2＝３０：７０が好ましい。Alternatively, the decarburization treatment can be performed by heating and holding in a mixed gas atmosphere of CO and CO 2 . In this case, the decarburization process is performed as shown in FIG.
(Published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun: quoted from “Casting”, page 224). The ratio of CO and CO 2 is CO: CO 2 = 30: 70 is preferred.
【００１８】上記の脱炭処理を行うことにより、レデブ
ライト組織はフェライト化されて黒鉛を含まないフェラ
イトの単相組織に変化する。言うまでもなく、この組織
は鋼の組織である。なお、この工程において、レデブラ
イト組織を上述のようにフェライトの単相組織すなわち
１００％フェライト組織とすることが好ましいが、例え
ばフェライトの粒界部に実用上問題ない程度のパーライ
ト組織がわずかに残存していてもかまわない。By performing the above-mentioned decarburization treatment, the redebrite structure is turned into ferrite and changes to a ferrite single-phase structure containing no graphite. Needless to say, this structure is a steel structure. In this step, the redebrite structure is preferably a single-phase structure of ferrite, that is, a 100% ferrite structure, as described above. It doesn't matter.
【００１９】次に、第３の工程として、フェライト組織
になった部位の表面に、耐摩耗合金または耐食耐摩耗合
金（なお、本明細書において「耐摩耗合金」なる用語は
「耐食耐摩耗合金」を含む）を溶射若しくは肉盛りによ
り接合する。Next, as a third step, a wear-resistant alloy or a corrosion-resistant wear-resistant alloy (the term “wear-resistant alloy” in this specification is referred to as “corrosion-resistant wear-resistant alloy” )) By thermal spraying or overlaying.
【００２０】耐食耐摩耗合金としては、Ｎｉ基合金また
はＣｏ基合金を用いることができる。ここで、Ｎｉ基合
金としては、Ｃｒ０〜２０％、Ｂ１．０〜４．５％、Ｓ
ｉ１．５〜５．０％、Ｃ≦１．５％、Ｆｅ≦５％、Ｃｏ
≦１．５％、残部Ｎｉなる組成を有するものを用いるこ
とが好ましい。As the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy, a Ni-based alloy or a Co-based alloy can be used. Here, as the Ni-based alloy, Cr 0 to 20%, B 1.0 to 4.5%, S
i1.5-5.0%, C ≦ 1.5%, Fe ≦ 5%, Co
It is preferable to use one having a composition of ≦ 1.5% with the balance being Ni.
【００２１】またＣｏ基合金としては、Ｎｉ０〜３０
％、Ｃｒ１６〜２４％、Ｂ１．０〜３．５％、Ｓｉ１．
５〜４．５％、Ｃ≦１．５％、Ｆｅ≦５％、Ｗ４〜１５
％、残部Ｃｏなる組成を有するものを用いることが好ま
しい。As the Co-based alloy, Ni0-30
%, Cr 16 to 24%, B 1.0 to 3.5%, Si1.
5 to 4.5%, C ≦ 1.5%, Fe ≦ 5%, W4 to 15
%, And the balance Co is preferably used.
【００２２】また、耐食耐摩耗合金として、上記組成の
Ｎｉ基合金またはＣｏ基合金にＷを２０〜５０％更に含
有する合金を用いてもよい。Further, as the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant alloy, an alloy further containing 20 to 50% of W in a Ni-based alloy or a Co-based alloy having the above composition may be used.
【００２３】[0023]
【実施例】次に、具体的実施例に基づいて本発明を更に
詳細に説明する。Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples.
【００２４】［第１の実施例］まず、図２を参照して、
第１の実施例について説明する。[First Embodiment] First, referring to FIG.
A first embodiment will be described.
【００２５】外周φ２００ｍｍ、内周φ１００ｍｍ、長
さ３００ｍｍのシリンダ１を製作するにあたり、このシ
リンダ１の鋳型４の中央部に、シリンダ孔の形状に概ね
対応した寸法の黒鉛の冷し金３を設置した。しかる後、
鋳型４に注湯温度１３５０℃で球状黒鉛鋳鉄（ＦＣＤ４
５０）の溶湯を注湯して鋳造品（鋳鉄部材）５を得た。
この条件にて鋳造された鋳造品５の内径部（冷し金３と
の接触部分）には、最表面から深さ１０ｍｍにわたって
チル層２が発生していた。In manufacturing the cylinder 1 having an outer circumference of 200 mm, an inner circumference of 100 mm, and a length of 300 mm, a graphite chiller 3 having a size substantially corresponding to the shape of a cylinder hole is provided at the center of a mold 4 of the cylinder 1. did. After a while
Casting iron (FCD4
50) The molten metal was poured to obtain a cast product (cast iron member) 5.
The chill layer 2 was generated on the inner diameter portion (the contact portion with the chill 3) of the casting 5 cast under these conditions over a depth of 10 mm from the outermost surface.
【００２６】上記鋳造品５の内径部にミルスケール（図
示せず）を充填し、９３０℃にて８時間加熱後炉冷し
た。上記工程を経た鋳造品の内径部のフェライト脱炭層
７の厚さを測定したところ７ｍｍであった。The inner diameter of the casting 5 was filled with a mill scale (not shown), heated at 930 ° C. for 8 hours, and cooled in a furnace. The thickness of the ferrite decarburized layer 7 on the inner diameter portion of the casting obtained through the above steps was measured to be 7 mm.
【００２７】内径部を３ｍｍ加工した後、Ｃｏ合金（Ｎ
ｉ７％、Ｃｒ２０％、Ｂ３％、Ｓｉ３％、Ｗ１０％、残
Ｃｏ）を１２００℃で酸素−アセチレンバーナーにて肉
盛りし、処理層６を形成した。After machining the inner diameter by 3 mm, a Co alloy (N
i7%, Cr20%, B3%, Si3%, W10%, residual Co) were overlaid at 1200 ° C. with an oxygen-acetylene burner to form a treatment layer 6.
【００２８】研削仕上げ加工後、シリンダ１の内周面
（摺動面）に対して浸透探傷検査、超音波探傷検査およ
び顕微鏡検査を行ったところ、処理層６にはクラック、
ピンホール等の欠陥の発生は認められなかった。After grinding and finishing, the inner peripheral surface (sliding surface) of the cylinder 1 was subjected to a penetrant inspection, an ultrasonic inspection, and a microscope inspection.
No defects such as pinholes were observed.
【００２９】［第２の実施例］次に、図３を参照して第
２の実施例について説明する。[Second Embodiment] Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
【００３０】いわゆる２つ目穴のバレル１１の製造にあ
たり、バレル１１の鋳型１４の中央部に、バレル孔の形
状に概ね対応した寸法の黒鉛の冷し金１３を設置した。
しかる後、鋳型１４に注湯温度１３５０℃で球状黒鉛鋳
鉄（ＦＣＤ４５０）の溶湯を注湯して鋳造品１５を得
た。この条件にて鋳造された鋳造品１５の冷し金１３と
の接触部分には、最表面から深さ９ｍｍにわたってチル
層１２が発生していた。上記鋳造品１５の内径部にミル
スケール（図示せず）を充填し、９３０℃にて８時間加
熱後炉冷した。上記の工程を経た鋳造品の内径部のフェ
ライト脱炭層１７の厚さを測定したところ７ｍｍであっ
た。In manufacturing the barrel 11 having a so-called second hole, a graphite chill 13 having a size substantially corresponding to the shape of the barrel hole was provided at the center of the mold 14 of the barrel 11.
Thereafter, a molten metal of spheroidal graphite cast iron (FCD450) was poured into the mold 14 at a pouring temperature of 1350 ° C. to obtain a casting 15. The chill layer 12 was generated at a portion of the casting 15 cast under this condition in contact with the chill 13 over a depth of 9 mm from the outermost surface. The inner diameter of the casting 15 was filled with a mill scale (not shown), heated at 930 ° C. for 8 hours, and then cooled in a furnace. The thickness of the ferrite decarburized layer 17 at the inner diameter of the cast product after the above steps was measured and was 7 mm.
【００３１】内径部を４ｍｍ加工した後、内径部のフェ
ライト脱炭層１７に、Ｎｉ基合金（Ｃｒ１５％、Ｂ４
％、Ｓｉ３％、Ｆｅ２％、ＣＯ０．５％、残Ｎｉ）をプ
ラズマ溶射し処理層１６を形成した。その後、フュージ
ング処理を行い、処理層１６と母材（鋳造品１５）とを
拡散接合するようにした。After the inner diameter portion was machined by 4 mm, a Ni-based alloy (Cr 15%, B4
%, Si 3%, Fe 2%, CO 0.5%, and the remaining Ni) were plasma-sprayed to form the treatment layer 16. After that, a fusing treatment was performed to diffuse-bond the treatment layer 16 and the base material (cast product 15).
【００３２】この処理層１６を研削仕上げ加工後、バレ
ル１１内面に対して、浸透探傷、超音波探傷および顕微
鏡観察を行ったところ、処理層１６にはクラック、ピン
ホール等の欠陥の発生は認められなかった。After the processing layer 16 was ground and finished, the inner surface of the barrel 11 was subjected to penetration inspection, ultrasonic inspection, and microscopic observation. As a result, defects such as cracks and pinholes were found in the processing layer 16. I couldn't.
【００３３】［第３の実施例］次に、図４を参照して第
３の実施例について説明する。Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
【００３４】外径φ１００ｍｍ長さ３００ｍｍのピスト
ン２１を製造するにあたり、円筒状の冷し金２３をセッ
トした鋳型２４を準備し、冷し金２３の内側に１３５０
℃の片状黒鉛鋳鉄（ＦＣ３００）の溶湯を注湯し、円柱
状の鋳造品を得た。この条件にて鋳造された鋳造品２５
の冷し金２３との接触部分には、最表面から深さ１０ｍ
ｍにわたってチル層２２が発生していた。In manufacturing the piston 21 having an outer diameter of 100 mm and a length of 300 mm, a mold 24 in which a cylindrical chill 23 is set is prepared, and 1350 is placed inside the chill 23.
Melt of flaky graphite cast iron (FC300) at ℃ was poured to obtain a cylindrical cast product. Casting product 25 cast under these conditions
10 m depth from the outermost surface
The chill layer 22 was generated over m.
【００３５】鋳造品２５の外径部にミルスケールを接触
させて、９００℃にて５時間加熱後炉冷した。上記の工
程を経た鋳造品の外径部のフェライト脱炭層２７の厚さ
を測定したところ８ｍｍであった。The mill scale was brought into contact with the outer diameter portion of the casting 25, heated at 900 ° C. for 5 hours, and then cooled in a furnace. The thickness of the ferrite decarburized layer 27 at the outer diameter of the cast product after the above steps was measured and was 8 mm.
【００３６】外径部を４ｍｍ加工した後、実施例２で用
いたものと同じＣｏ基合金に、ＷＣ−Ｃｏ合金粉２０％
を混合した材料をプラズマ溶射した。After machining the outer diameter portion by 4 mm, WC-Co alloy powder 20% was added to the same Co-based alloy used in Example 2.
Was mixed and plasma sprayed.
【００３７】この処理層２６を研削後、染色浸透探傷検
査、超音波探傷検査、顕微鏡検査を行ったがクラック、
ピンホール等の欠陥の発生は認められなかった。After the processing layer 26 was ground, a dye penetrant inspection, an ultrasonic inspection, and a microscope inspection were performed.
No defects such as pinholes were observed.
【００３８】以上の実施例１乃至３に示すように、鋳鉄
部材であっても表面をフェライト組織にすることによっ
て、Ｎｉ基合金、Ｃｏ基合金等の耐摩耗材料若しくは耐
食耐摩耗材料を溶射、肉盛りすることが可能となる。こ
れにより廉価に耐摩耗、耐食機能を有する部材を製造す
ることができる。As shown in Examples 1 to 3, even a cast iron member has a ferrite structure on its surface, so that a wear-resistant material such as a Ni-based alloy or a Co-based alloy or a corrosion-resistant wear-resistant material is sprayed. It is possible to build up. As a result, a member having wear and corrosion resistance can be manufactured at low cost.
【００３９】[0039]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
鋳鉄部品の摺動面に溶射または肉盛りにより耐摩耗被覆
を施すことが可能となる。As described above, according to the present invention,
Abrasion resistant coating can be applied to the sliding surface of the cast iron part by thermal spraying or overlaying.
【図１】脱炭処理に使用するＣＯガスとＣＯ2 ガスの比
と処理温度との関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing a relationship between a ratio of a CO gas and a CO 2 gas used for a decarburization treatment and a treatment temperature.
【図２】本発明によるシリンダの製造方法を示す図。FIG. 2 is a view showing a method of manufacturing a cylinder according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明によるバレルの製造方法を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a barrel manufacturing method according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明によるピストンの製造方法を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing a piston according to the present invention.
１ 耐摩耗部材（シリンダ、バレル、ピストン） ２、１２、２２ 白銑組織（レデブライト組織） ５、１５、２５ 鋳造品（鋳鉄部材） ６、１６、２６ 耐摩耗材料（処理層） ７、１７、２７ フェライト組織（脱炭層） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Abrasion-resistant member (cylinder, barrel, piston) 2, 12, 22 White iron structure (redebrite structure) 5, 15, 25 Cast product (cast iron member) 6, 16, 26 Abrasion-resistant material (treatment layer) 7, 17, 27 Ferrite structure (decarburized layer)
Claims (1)
を被覆して耐摩耗部材を製造する方法であって、 耐摩耗材料を被覆すべき部位の表層部が白銑化するよう
に鋳鉄部材を鋳造し、この鋳鉄部材に脱炭処理を施すこ
とにより白銑組織をフェライト化し、フェライト組織が
形成された部位に耐摩耗材料を溶射若しくは肉盛するこ
とを特徴とする、耐摩耗部材の製造方法。1. A method of manufacturing a wear-resistant member by coating a surface of a member made of a cast iron material with a wear-resistant material, wherein the cast iron is formed such that a surface layer of a portion to be coated with the wear-resistant material is turned into white pig iron. Casting a member, decarburizing the cast iron member to ferrite the white iron structure, and spraying or overlaying a wear-resistant material on a portion where the ferrite structure is formed. Production method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06396499A JP3295387B2 (en) | 1999-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Manufacturing method of wear-resistant member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06396499A JP3295387B2 (en) | 1999-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Manufacturing method of wear-resistant member |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000256819A JP2000256819A (en) | 2000-09-19 |
| JP3295387B2 true JP3295387B2 (en) | 2002-06-24 |
Family
ID=13244505
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06396499A Expired - Fee Related JP3295387B2 (en) | 1999-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Manufacturing method of wear-resistant member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3295387B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101579237B1 (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-12-21 | 김현중 | Power feeding device for continuous plating system |
-
1999
- 1999-03-10 JP JP06396499A patent/JP3295387B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000256819A (en) | 2000-09-19 |
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