JP3246559B2 - Servo control method - Google Patents

Servo control method

Info

Publication number
JP3246559B2
JP3246559B2 JP25318391A JP25318391A JP3246559B2 JP 3246559 B2 JP3246559 B2 JP 3246559B2 JP 25318391 A JP25318391 A JP 25318391A JP 25318391 A JP25318391 A JP 25318391A JP 3246559 B2 JP3246559 B2 JP 3246559B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
control method
friction
servo control
loop gain
cutting direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP25318391A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH075926A (en
Inventor
慶三 赤松
茂典 高山
圭志 中尾
秀典 大場
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yaskawa Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Yaskawa Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yaskawa Electric Corp filed Critical Yaskawa Electric Corp
Priority to JP25318391A priority Critical patent/JP3246559B2/en
Publication of JPH075926A publication Critical patent/JPH075926A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3246559B2 publication Critical patent/JP3246559B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、工作機械においてテー
ブルを駆動するサーボモータの制御方式に関し、特に、
いわゆる真円突起(象限突起ともいう)が生じないよう
な制御方式に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control method of a servomotor for driving a table in a machine tool,
The present invention relates to a control method in which a so-called perfect circular projection (also called a quadrant projection) does not occur.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、工作機械においてテーブルをボー
ルネジを介して駆動するサーボモータの制御方式は、図
2に示すものが知られている。図2は、I−P制御方式
の一例で、NC装置8が発する位置指令9に追従してサ
ーボモータ1を介してテーブル2が駆動され、そのサー
ボモータ2の回転軸に直結されたパルスジェネレータP
Gからのフィードバックパルス3をパルスカウンタ4で
カウントし、その値5と前記位置指令9との偏差が0と
なるような位置ループが組まれていることを示してい
る。さらに、前記フィードバックパルス3はF/V変換
器6で速度7に変換され、速度ループゲイン13の前段
に負帰還するとともに、位置ループゲインKp10の後
段へも負帰還され、速度ループが組まれている。11は
積分器12の積分時定数Tiの逆数(積分ゲインとい
う)である。速度ループゲイン13の出力はトルク指令
値14となる。電流アンプ15はトルク指令値14に応
じた電流16をサーボモータ1に出力する。以上の例
は、I−P制御方式の例であるが、PI制御方式で行う
例もある。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a control system of a servomotor for driving a table via a ball screw in a machine tool, a control system shown in FIG. 2 is known. FIG. 2 shows an example of an IP control method, in which a table 2 is driven via a servomotor 1 in accordance with a position command 9 issued by an NC device 8, and a pulse generator directly connected to a rotation axis of the servomotor 2. P
The feedback pulse 3 from G is counted by the pulse counter 4, indicating that a position loop is formed such that the deviation between the value 5 and the position command 9 becomes zero. Further, the feedback pulse 3 is converted into a speed 7 by the F / V converter 6, and is negatively fed back to a stage before the speed loop gain 13 and also negatively fed back to a stage after the position loop gain Kp10 to form a speed loop. I have. Numeral 11 denotes the reciprocal of the integration time constant Ti of the integrator 12 (referred to as integration gain). The output of the speed loop gain 13 is a torque command value 14. The current amplifier 15 outputs a current 16 according to the torque command value 14 to the servo motor 1. The above example is an example of the IP control method, but there is also an example of performing the PI control method.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような従来の制御
方式は、クーロン摩擦や静止摩擦等の非線形摩擦による
サーボ系の応答遅れを考慮していないため、図4に示す
ように、円弧切削時に突起(真円突起または象限突起と
呼ばれる)が生じ、工作精度の悪化をまねいている。そ
こで、この突起を生じさせない提案として、特開昭62
−194509号公報では負荷に応じて、位置ループゲ
イン、速度ループゲイン、または補償制御部のゲインを
粗切削と仕上げ切削に応じてゲイン可変とする技術が開
示されているが、これだけでは不十分である。また、特
開平3−110603号公報には、バックラッシュの影
響と、摩擦の影響をいっしょにして、バックラッシュ加
速量加算期間中は、速度ループゲインKvを上昇させる
技術が開示されているが、性質のことなる非線形要素を
同時に補償しようとするため無理がある。また、本出願
人は、特開昭63−250715号公報で、象限切替点
に補償関数値を加算する方式を提案しているが、これも
充分な効果を上げえていなかった。したがって、本発明
は真円突起を大幅に減少させる制御方式を提供すること
を目的とする。
Since such a conventional control method does not take into account the response delay of the servo system due to non-linear friction such as Coulomb friction and static friction, as shown in FIG. Protrusions (referred to as round protrusions or quadrant protrusions) are generated, leading to deterioration in machining accuracy. Therefore, as a proposal for preventing the projection, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 194509 discloses a technique in which the position loop gain, the speed loop gain, or the gain of the compensation control unit is made variable according to the rough cutting and the finishing cutting according to the load, but this alone is not sufficient. is there. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-110603 discloses a technique for increasing the speed loop gain Kv during the backlash acceleration amount addition period by combining the effects of backlash and friction. It is impossible to simultaneously compensate for nonlinear elements having different properties. Further, the present applicant has proposed a method of adding a compensation function value to a quadrant switching point in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-250715, but this method has not been able to achieve a sufficient effect. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a control method that greatly reduces round protrusions.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、バックラッシ
ュについては公知の他の調整手段でその影響を除去して
クーロン摩擦と静止摩擦の影響だけにした上で、象限切
り替わり時、すなわち、切削方向反転時期を予測し、切
削方向反転時に積分時定数を小さくする(すなわち、積
分ゲインを大きくする)とともに、トルク指令が所定の
値に達した後に前記積分時定数(積分ゲイン)をもとに
もどすようにすることを特徴とする。
According to the present invention, the backlash is eliminated by other known adjusting means so that only the effects of Coulomb friction and static friction are eliminated, and the backlash is changed when the quadrant is switched, that is, when cutting is performed. The direction reversal time is predicted, the integral time constant is reduced when the cutting direction is reversed (that is, the integral gain is increased), and based on the integral time constant (integral gain) after the torque command reaches a predetermined value. It is characterized in that it is returned.

【0004】[0004]

【作用】上記手段により、切削方向反転時直前に積分器
に蓄えられた値を速やかにゼロにすることにより、静止
摩擦をキャンセルするだけのトルクを速やかに発生し、
速度ゼロの時間を短縮するものである。これは、本発明
者が実験などから、従来方式の不具合原因を究明したと
ころ、 図3に示すように、切削方向反転時に、クーロン摩擦
等の影響により(a)に示すように、速度ゼロの時点で
積分器にたくわえられた値により、トルクはゼロになら
ず、(b)に示すようにトルクがゼロになるまで時間が
かかる。 (C)に示すように、トルクが静止摩擦等の影響をキ
ャンセルするまで速度を発生できないので、速度の立ち
上がりが遅れてしまう。 という知見を得たことに基づくものである。
By the above means, the value stored in the integrator immediately before the reversal of the cutting direction is immediately reduced to zero, thereby quickly generating torque sufficient to cancel the static friction.
This is to shorten the time of zero speed. The inventor of the present invention has investigated the causes of the problems with the conventional method through experiments and the like. As shown in FIG. 3, when the cutting direction is reversed, the speed is reduced to zero as shown in FIG. Due to the value stored in the integrator at the time, the torque does not become zero, and it takes time until the torque becomes zero as shown in (b). As shown in (C), since the speed cannot be generated until the torque cancels the influence of the static friction or the like, the rise of the speed is delayed. It is based on the fact that the knowledge was obtained.

【0005】[0005]

【実施例】以下に、本発明の制御方式を述べる。本発明
は先に述べた従来の制御方式を基本的に変更することな
く、補償器として付加することができる。図1は、図2
に示した従来方式に補償器18と、従来より大きな積分
ゲイン17を付加したもので、図5に補償器18におけ
るフローチャートを示して説明する。 (STEP1)補償器18はNC装置8より出力される
位置指令9を監視し、位置出力の遅れを考慮して、象限
の切り替わり時期を予測する。なお、位置指令に他のデ
ータを加味して象限の切り替わり時期を予測してもよ
い。例えば、本出願人は特開平1−176945号公報
で象限の切り替わり時期を推定する方法を提案してい
る。 (STEP2)補償器18は予測された切削方向反転時
期に来たら積分ゲイン11を積分ゲイン17に切り替え
る。 (STEP3)補償器18は図2(c)に示した静止摩
擦から予め設定された値と現在出力しているトルク指令
14を比較する。 (STEP4)補償器18は前記比較が一致したら積分
ゲイン17をもとの積分ゲイン11に戻す。 以上により、トルク及び速度波形は図6に示すようにな
り、(d)に示すように切削方向反転時におけるトルク
の反転が速やかに行われ、かつ(e)に示すように素早
く静止摩擦をキャンセルするトルクが発生し、(f)に
示すように速度の反転が速やかに行われる。本発明の他
の実施例を図7に示す。この例はPI型制御方式の一例
であるが、この場合でも本発明の効果は充分現れる。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The control system of the present invention will be described below. The present invention can be added as a compensator without basically changing the conventional control method described above. FIG. 1 shows FIG.
FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of the compensator 18 in which a compensator 18 and a larger integral gain 17 are added to the conventional method shown in FIG. (STEP 1) The compensator 18 monitors the position command 9 output from the NC device 8, and predicts the switching time of the quadrant in consideration of the delay of the position output. The switching time of the quadrant may be predicted by adding other data to the position command. For example, the present applicant has proposed a method of estimating a switching time of a quadrant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-176945. (STEP 2) The compensator 18 switches the integral gain 11 to the integral gain 17 at the predicted cutting direction reversal time. (STEP 3) The compensator 18 compares a preset value from the static friction shown in FIG. 2C with the torque command 14 currently being output. (STEP 4) The compensator 18 returns the integral gain 17 to the original integral gain 11 when the comparisons match. As described above, the torque and speed waveforms are as shown in FIG. 6, the torque is quickly reversed when the cutting direction is reversed as shown in (d), and the static friction is quickly canceled as shown in (e). As shown in (f), the reversal of the speed is rapidly performed. FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Although this example is an example of the PI control method, the effect of the present invention is sufficiently exhibited even in this case.

【0009】[0009]

【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明によれば、切
削方向反転時における指令値に対する実軌道の遅れを減
少させることができ、円弧切削時等に発生する切削面の
突起を大幅に減少させることができるという大きな効果
がある。
As described above, according to the present invention, the delay of the actual trajectory with respect to the command value at the time of reversing the cutting direction can be reduced, and the projection of the cutting surface generated at the time of arc cutting or the like can be greatly reduced. There is a great effect that it can be reduced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】 本発明のブロック図FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.

【図2】 従来の制御方式のブロック図FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a conventional control method.

【図3】 従来の制御方法によるトルク・速度波形FIG. 3 shows a torque / speed waveform obtained by a conventional control method.

【図4】 従来の制御方法による円切削軌跡FIG. 4 shows a circular cutting locus by a conventional control method.

【図5】 本発明の動作フローチャートFIG. 5 is an operation flowchart of the present invention.

【図6】 本発明を用いた場合のトルク・速度波形FIG. 6 shows a torque / speed waveform when the present invention is used.

【図7】 本発明の他の実施例FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

10は位置ループゲイン、11は積分ゲイン、12は積
分器、13は速度ループゲイン、17は突起補償時の積
分ゲイン、18は補償器である。
10 is a position loop gain, 11 is an integral gain, 12 is an integrator, 13 is a speed loop gain, 17 is an integral gain at the time of protrusion compensation, and 18 is a compensator.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 大場 秀典 埼玉県入間市大字上藤沢字下原480番地 株式会社 安川電機製作所 東京工場 内 審査官 森林 克郎 (56)参考文献 特開 平3−110603(JP,A) 特開 昭47−39891(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) G05D 3/00 - 3/20 G05B 11/00 - 13/04 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Hidenori Oba 480, Shimohara, Kamifujisawa, Iruma-shi, Saitama Investigator, Yaskawa Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd. Tokyo Plant Katsuo Hayashi (56) References JP-A-3-110603 ( JP, A) JP-A-47-39891 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G05D 3/00-3/20 G05B 11/00-13/04

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 位置ループゲインと速度ループゲイン
と積分手段を備え、工作機械の送り軸を駆動するサーボ
制御方式において、 バックラッシュから生ずる位置決め誤差を除去してクー
ロン摩擦と静止摩擦の影響だけにしたのち、少なくとも
位置信号から応答遅れを考慮して切削方向反転時期を予
測し、切削方向反転時に前記積分手段の積分時定数を小
さくするとともに、トルク指令が静止摩擦から予め設定
された値に達した後に前記積分時定数をもとにもどすよ
うにすることを特徴とするサーボ制御方式。
1. Position loop gain and velocity loop gain
In the servo control system that drives the feed axis of the machine tool, the positioning error caused by backlash is removed and cooling is performed.
After only the effects of Ron friction and the static friction, in consideration of the response delay from at least the position signal to predict the cutting direction inversion timing, the addition to reduce the integration time constant of the integrating means during cutting direction reversal, the torque command still Preset from friction
A servo control method for restoring the integration time constant after reaching the set value .
JP25318391A 1991-09-03 1991-09-03 Servo control method Expired - Fee Related JP3246559B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25318391A JP3246559B2 (en) 1991-09-03 1991-09-03 Servo control method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP25318391A JP3246559B2 (en) 1991-09-03 1991-09-03 Servo control method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH075926A JPH075926A (en) 1995-01-10
JP3246559B2 true JP3246559B2 (en) 2002-01-15

Family

ID=17247702

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP25318391A Expired - Fee Related JP3246559B2 (en) 1991-09-03 1991-09-03 Servo control method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3246559B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI575863B (en) * 2012-08-21 2017-03-21 山洋電氣股份有限公司 Motor control device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100394686B1 (en) * 2001-11-07 2003-08-14 현대자동차주식회사 Method of correcting a quadrant contour error for numerical control machine tools
JP4853842B2 (en) * 2010-01-12 2012-01-11 株式会社安川電機 Synchronous control device
CN103529857A (en) * 2013-09-27 2014-01-22 浙江工业大学 Automatic photovoltaic panel retraction and extension device based on air velocity transducer
JP6848845B2 (en) * 2017-12-15 2021-03-24 オムロン株式会社 Servo motor load condition diagnostic device and load status diagnostic method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI575863B (en) * 2012-08-21 2017-03-21 山洋電氣股份有限公司 Motor control device

Also Published As

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JPH075926A (en) 1995-01-10

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