JP3239262B2 - How to repel pests - Google Patents
How to repel pestsInfo
- Publication number
- JP3239262B2 JP3239262B2 JP22728197A JP22728197A JP3239262B2 JP 3239262 B2 JP3239262 B2 JP 3239262B2 JP 22728197 A JP22728197 A JP 22728197A JP 22728197 A JP22728197 A JP 22728197A JP 3239262 B2 JP3239262 B2 JP 3239262B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pests
- soil
- damage
- extraction residue
- coffee extraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本願発明は、稲や野菜等の農
作物や、草花等を食害する害虫を忌避する方法に係り、
詳しくは、農薬を用いることのない、もしくは農薬の量
を減らすようにした害虫の忌避方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for repelling pests that damage food crops such as rice and vegetables, flowers and the like.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for repelling pests without using pesticides or reducing the amount of pesticides.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】農作物や草花等の栽培において、生育の
過程でこれらを食害する害虫の被害に合うことがある。
例えば、葉菜類に対する害虫としては、コナガやアオム
シ、アブラムシ、ヨトウムシ、等が知られているが、こ
れらの害虫は我が国では全国各地に普通に生息し、しば
しば突発的に大発生して大害をもたらし、食害されて発
生に気が付く頃には手遅れになることが多い。そのた
め、このような害虫の被害を防止するために農薬の施用
が広く行われているが、その結果として環境汚染や農薬
施用に関わる作業者の健康状態に対する不安、及び作業
者の増加、等多くの問題が起こっている。2. Description of the Related Art In the cultivation of agricultural crops, flowers and the like, there is a case where they are suitable for the damage of pests that damage them during the growth process.
For example, as insect pests against leafy vegetables, Japanese moth, green beetles, aphids, armyworms, etc. are known. However, it is often too late to be aware of the occurrence of the damage. Therefore, application of pesticides is widely practiced to prevent such damage by pests, but as a result, there are many concerns, such as environmental pollution and anxiety about the health condition of workers involved in pesticide application, increase in workers, etc. The problem is happening.
【０００３】そのため、化学的農薬の施用のみに頼ら
ず、天敵の利用や、有機的栄養源もしくは微生物資材等
の施用によって、作物の生理活性を増強させ害虫に対す
る抵抗性をつける等の総合的な害虫防除法が行われてい
る。[0003] Therefore, instead of relying solely on the application of chemical pesticides, the use of natural enemies or the application of organic nutrients or microbial materials enhances the biological activity of crops and makes them more resistant to pests. Pest control methods are in place.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上述のような
作物の生理活性を増強させるという総合的な害虫防除法
は、原材料の入手や施用方法、及び効果の点で有効な手
段とはいえないものであった。However, the comprehensive pest control method of enhancing the biological activity of crops as described above is not an effective means in terms of obtaining and applying raw materials and effects. Was something.
【０００５】一方、コーヒーの需要の伸びとともにコー
ヒー抽出残渣の量が膨大な量となっているが、現在のと
ころ、コーヒー抽出残渣はその大部分が産業廃棄物とし
て処理されており廃棄処理上の問題を生じている。そこ
で、省資源や地球環境保全の立場から、これらを特殊肥
料等いろいろな用途に利用することが試みられている
が、未だ広く利用されるまでに至っていない。本願発明
は、このような課題に対処しようとするものであり、以
下に記載の発明の完成により、その目的を達成すること
が出来たものである。On the other hand, as the demand for coffee grows, the amount of coffee extraction residue has become enormous, but at present, most of the coffee extraction residue is treated as industrial waste, and waste disposal is difficult. Has a problem. Therefore, from the standpoint of resource saving and global environmental conservation, attempts have been made to use these for various uses such as special fertilizers, but they have not yet been widely used. The present invention is intended to address such a problem, and the object has been achieved by completing the invention described below.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本願発明は、前記課題を
解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、今までその大部
分が産業廃棄物として処理されていたコーヒー抽出残渣
に害虫に対する忌避性があることを見出し、このコーヒ
ー抽出残渣を用いた資材を農薬の代わりに、もしくは農
薬の使用量を減らして併用することで、環境汚染を抑止
しつつ農作物等を食害する害虫を忌避してその被害を防
止し、かつ、農薬等施用に関わる作業者の健康状態に対
する不安を払拭し、さらに、省資源及び地球環境保全を
も達成するようにしたものである。Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, as a result of diligent research for solving the above-mentioned problems, repellency against insect pests has been found in coffee extraction residues which have been mostly treated as industrial waste. By using this coffee extract residue instead of pesticides or by reducing the amount of pesticides used in combination, it is possible to avoid environmental pests while repelling pests that injure agricultural crops, etc. And eliminates concerns about the health condition of workers involved in the application of pesticides and the like, and also achieves resource saving and global environmental conservation.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】本願発明は、焙煎して粉砕したコ
ーヒー豆のコーヒー抽出残渣を用いた資材を農薬の代わ
りに農作物や草花等を栽培する培地に施用することによ
り、該農作物等を食害する害虫の被害を防止するように
してなるものである。ここで、本願発明における培地と
は、農地やプランターにおける土壌や、シャーレ等ガラ
ス容器における寒天、水耕栽培における培養液等をいう
ものであり、施用とは、培地表面に散布すること、及び
培地中に混合することをいうものである。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a material using the coffee extraction residue of roasted and ground coffee beans is used in place of agrochemicals.
In addition , by applying the composition to a culture medium for cultivating crops, flowers and the like, it is possible to prevent the damage of pests that damage the crops and the like . Here, the culture medium in the present invention refers to soil in farmland or a planter, agar in a glass container such as a petri dish, a culture solution or the like in hydroponics, and the application is to spray the culture medium surface, and It means to mix in.
【０００８】また、本願発明は、コーヒー抽出残渣に微
生物分解処理を施してなるものでもある。微生物分解処
理は、コーヒー抽出残渣に一般的な農業用資材のように
米糠や油かす、茶かす、及びおから等の栄養源を加え、
かつ、水分、温度、ｐＨ及び通気条件等を調整して、微
生物によって分解させるものであり、その条件として
は、コーヒー抽出残渣と栄養源との混合物の水分を４０
〜８０％、好ましくは６０〜７０％、温度を３０〜８０
℃、好ましくは４０〜７０℃、ｐＨを５．５〜８．０、
好ましくは６．０〜７．０とし、さらに、自然通気もし
くは強制的な通気を行うものである。[0008] The present invention is also the one obtained by subjecting a coffee extraction residue to a microbial decomposition treatment. The microbial decomposition treatment adds nutrients such as rice bran, oil cake, tea cake, and okara to the coffee extraction residue as common agricultural materials,
The microorganisms are decomposed by adjusting the moisture, temperature, pH, aeration conditions, and the like. The condition is that the water content of the mixture of the coffee extraction residue and the nutrient source is 40%.
~ 80%, preferably 60-70%, temperature 30-80%
° C, preferably 40-70 ° C, pH 5.5-8.0,
Preferably, it is 6.0 to 7.0, and further, natural ventilation or forced ventilation is performed.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本願発明の実施例を説明する。本実施
例において培地に施用する資材はコーヒー抽出残渣をそ
のまま用いるものとし、焙煎して１ｍｍ〜７ｍｍ程度の
大きさに粉砕したコーヒー豆のコーヒー抽出残渣を資材
とし、これを培地に施用することにより害虫を忌避する
ようにしてなるものである。この際、窒素、リン酸、カ
リ等の化学肥料も併せて施用した。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In this example, the material to be applied to the culture medium is the same as the coffee extraction residue, and the coffee extraction residue of the coffee beans that has been roasted and ground to a size of about 1 mm to 7 mm is used as the material and applied to the culture medium. To avoid pests. At this time, chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium were also applied.
【００１０】以上のように構成した資材の害虫忌避効果
を確認するために、小松菜を栽培してなる屋外（農地）
の土壌に、資材を全く施用しない場合、土壌中に混
和することにより施用してなる場合、及び土壌表面に
散布することにより施用してなる場合について比較する
こととし、コナガ、アオムシ、アブラムシ、等の加害昆
虫による被害の程度を、以下の数式［数１］を用いて算
出した被害度により判定するすることとした。なお、土
壌中に混和するとは、表層１０〜２０ｃｍの範囲の土壌
中に鍬等を用いて混和することをいい、施用量は培地で
ある土壌１０ａ（アール）に対して５，０００ｋｇ用い
ることとする。[0010] In order to confirm the pest repelling effect of the material constituted as described above, outdoor (farmland) cultivated with komatsuna.
No soil, no application, mixing with soil, and application by spraying on the soil surface are compared. Is determined based on the degree of damage calculated using the following equation [Equation 1]. In addition, mixing with the soil means mixing with a hoe or the like into the soil in the range of 10 to 20 cm in the surface layer, and the application rate is to use 5,000 kg with respect to the soil 10a (R) as the culture medium. I do.
【００１１】[0011]
【数１】 (Equation 1)
【００１２】なお、計算式中に用いる指数は、被害が無
いものを０、本葉１枚に虫害があった被害の少ないもの
を１、本葉２枚に虫害があった被害のやや多いものを
２、本葉３枚以上に虫害があった被害の多いものを３と
してそれぞれ表すこととし、その結果を［表１］に示
す。The indices used in the formulas are 0 for no damage, 1 for little damage to one true leaf, and a little more damage to two true leaves. Is shown as 2, and those with more insect damage to three or more true leaves are shown as 3, respectively, and the results are shown in [Table 1].
【００１３】[0013]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１４】上記［表１］に示す結果より、コーヒー抽
出残渣の施用によって虫害が軽減されること、すなわち
害虫が忌避されることが確認され、しかも、培地である
土壌中に混和する場合よりも土壌表面に散布する場合の
方がより顕著な効果が得られることが分かる。From the results shown in Table 1 above, it was confirmed that the application of the coffee extract residue reduced the insect damage, that is, that the insect pests were repelled. It can be seen that a more remarkable effect is obtained when spraying on the soil surface.
【００１５】次に、実施例２として、培地に施用する資
材を堆積発酵させて微生物分解処理を施したものとする
が、その方法としては、焙煎して１ｍｍ〜７ｍｍ程度の
大きさに粉砕したコーヒー豆のコーヒー抽出残渣中に、
発酵促進材として米ぬかや油かす、茶かす、おから、及
び鶏糞等の栄養源をコーヒー抽出残渣１００に対して５
％程度添加、混合し、水分を６０〜７０％、温度を４０
〜７０℃、ｐＨを６．０〜７．０に保持するように暫く
堆積保存し、１０日後この混合物を再び混合して空気を
充分取り入れるようにした後、加水して水分が６５％程
度となるように調整するとともに温度、ｐＨも調整し、
さらに、１週間毎に同様に調整を２ヶ月間行って熟成さ
せたものを資材とし、これを培地に施用することにより
害虫を忌避するようにしてなるものである。この際、実
施例１と同様に、窒素、リン酸、カリ等の化学肥料も併
せて施用した。Next, in Example 2, the material to be applied to the culture medium was subjected to microbial decomposition treatment by depositing and fermenting. The method was as follows: roasting and grinding to a size of about 1 mm to 7 mm. In the coffee extraction residue of the dried coffee beans,
Nutritional sources such as rice bran, oil cake, tea cake, okara, and chicken manure are added to the coffee extraction residue 100 as fermentation promoters.
% Of water and mix, water content 60-70%, temperature 40
-70 ° C., and stored for a while so that the pH is maintained at 6.0-7.0. After 10 days, the mixture is mixed again to sufficiently take in air, and then water is added to reduce the water content to about 65%. Temperature and pH as well as
In addition, a material that has been similarly aged every week for two months and aged is used as a material, which is applied to a culture medium to repel pests. At this time, as in Example 1, chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium were also applied.
【００１６】以上のように構成した資材の害虫忌避効
果、及び資材の施用量による害虫忌避効果を確認するた
めに、キャベツを栽培してなるガラス温室（プランタ
ー）内の土壌に、資材を全く施用しない場合、土壌
中に約１／３（３分の１）混和することにより施用して
なる場合、及び土壌中に約１／２（２分の１）混和す
ることにより施用してなる場合について比較することと
し、その結果を［表２］に示す。なお、コナガによる被
害の程度は、同じく上記計算式［数１］を用いて算出し
た被害度により判定するすることとした。ここで、培地
を屋外の培地とせずに屋内の培地、すなわちガラス温室
（プランター）内の土壌としたのは、屋外の培地である
と、雨や風等の要因により施用する資材が流されたり吹
き飛ばされたりしてその施用割合が変化してしまう恐れ
があるためである。In order to confirm the pest repelling effect of the material constituted as described above and the pest repelling effect depending on the applied amount of the material, the material was completely applied to the soil in a glass greenhouse (planter) in which cabbage was cultivated. When not applying, about 1/3 (one third) mixed in the soil and applied, and about 1/2 (1/2) mixed in the soil For comparison, the results are shown in [Table 2]. It should be noted that the degree of damage by Konaga was determined based on the degree of damage similarly calculated using the above-mentioned formula [Equation 1]. Here, instead of using the medium as an outdoor medium, the indoor medium, that is, the soil in the glass greenhouse (planter) is used. If the medium is an outdoor medium, the material to be applied may flow due to factors such as rain or wind. This is because the application rate may be changed due to being blown off.
【００１７】[0017]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１８】上記［表２］に示す結果より、微生物分解
処理を施したコーヒー抽出残渣の施用によって虫害が軽
減されること、すなわち害虫が忌避されることが確認さ
れ、しかも、培地である土壌中に混和する資材の割合を
僅かに増やすだけで、虫害の被害の多いものが一気にな
くなったことで、明らかにコーヒー抽出残渣の施用によ
って害虫が忌避されることが確認された。From the results shown in Table 2 above, it was confirmed that the application of the coffee extract residue subjected to the microbial decomposition treatment reduced the insect damage, that is, that the insect pests were repelled. By slightly increasing the proportion of materials mixed with the pulp, it was confirmed that the application of the coffee extraction residue clearly repelled the insect pests, since the ones that suffered a great deal of insect damage disappeared at a stretch.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上のように本願発明によれば、害虫に
対して確実に忌避効果を有するものとすることが出来る
とともに、産業廃棄物としてその処理に大きな問題を抱
えるコーヒー抽出残渣の有効利用が出来ることとなる。
しかも、農薬を用いることなくその全量を、もしくは農
薬の量を減らしその一部を、コーヒー抽出残渣を用いた
資材に置き換えて用いるようにすることにより、環境汚
染や農薬施用に関わる作業者の健康状態に対する不安、
等を解決することが出来ることとなる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to surely have a repellent effect against pests, and to effectively utilize coffee extraction residue which has a serious problem in its treatment as industrial waste. Can be done.
In addition, by reducing the amount of pesticides without using pesticides, or by reducing the amount of pesticides, and replacing some of them with materials using coffee extraction residues, the health of workers involved in environmental pollution and pesticide application can be improved. Anxiety about the condition,
Etc. can be solved.
【００２０】また、当該資材は有機物であるため、コー
ヒー抽出残渣が土壌中で分解することで保肥力（肥料を
保持する力）を増大させる物質である腐植酸が生成し、
土壌の化学性が改善されるとともに、コーヒー抽出残渣
が微生物の餌となって土壌の生物性も改善され、さら
に、コーヒー抽出残渣を土壌中に施用することで土壌の
保水性や通気性、及び排水性の向上といった土壌の物理
性も改善されることになって、農作物等の生理活性を強
化して害虫に対する抵抗性を付けることとなる等、一般
的な農業用資材と同様の効果をも持ち備え、環境を破壊
することなく自然に適応した害虫の総合的防除に大きく
貢献することができるものである。Further, since the material is an organic substance, humic acid, which is a substance that increases fertilizing power (power to hold fertilizer) by decomposing coffee extraction residue in soil, is generated,
As the soil chemistry is improved, the coffee extract residue becomes a food for microorganisms and the soil's biological properties are also improved.Furthermore, by applying the coffee extract residue to the soil, the water retention and air permeability of the soil, and Soil physical properties such as improved drainage will also be improved, which will enhance the physiological activity of crops and provide resistance to pests. It possesses and can greatly contribute to the comprehensive control of naturally adapted pests without destroying the environment.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平６−116104（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−32475（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−234586（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−103285（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−6189（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平10−25217（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平10−46147（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−196427（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) A01N 65/00 A01N 25/00 C09K 17/00 C05F 5/00 C05F 9/00 C05G 3/00 ＣＡ（ＳＴＮ) ＪＩＣＳＴファイル（ＪＯＩＳ)──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-116104 (JP, A) JP-A-5-32475 (JP, A) JP-A-6-234586 (JP, A) 103285 (JP, A) JP-A-4-6189 (JP, A) JP-A-10-25217 (JP, A) JP-A-10-46147 (JP, A) JP-A-7-196427 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) A01N 65/00 A01N 25/00 C09K 17/00 C05F 5/00 C05F 9/00 C05G 3/00 CA (STN) JICST file (JOIS)
Claims (2)
抽出残渣を用いた資材を農薬の代わりに農作物や草花等
を栽培する培地に施用することにより、該農作物等を食
害する害虫の被害を防止してなることを特徴とする害虫
の忌避方法。[Claim 1] A material using a coffee extraction residue of roasted and ground coffee beans is replaced with agricultural chemicals in place of agricultural crops, flowers and the like.
Is applied to the culture medium to grow
A method for repelling pests, which comprises preventing damage to harmful pests .
されたものであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の害
虫の忌避方法。2. The method for repelling pests according to claim 1, wherein the coffee extraction residue has been subjected to a microbial decomposition treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22728197A JP3239262B2 (en) | 1997-08-08 | 1997-08-08 | How to repel pests |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22728197A JP3239262B2 (en) | 1997-08-08 | 1997-08-08 | How to repel pests |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1149624A JPH1149624A (en) | 1999-02-23 |
| JP3239262B2 true JP3239262B2 (en) | 2001-12-17 |
Family
ID=16858363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22728197A Expired - Fee Related JP3239262B2 (en) | 1997-08-08 | 1997-08-08 | How to repel pests |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3239262B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2472399A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2011-02-09 | Matthew Trefor Thomas | Insect repellent |
| KR101205934B1 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-11-28 | 김승목 | Composition for controlling insect pests and manufacturing methof therof |
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1997
- 1997-08-08 JP JP22728197A patent/JP3239262B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1149624A (en) | 1999-02-23 |
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